HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-02145
~.
<1"",,-
........
,,,,r...
/"
/
,
,
i
i
f I
~ I
- I
.~ !
~i
tt !
~)
I
~,
JonVli J. CURUIU, JR. .nd
R08ALlI M. CUJ\RJJ\t1
1'1. ntUf.
O.hndllnt
I IN THI COURT or COMMON fLEAS
I CUHBIRLANP COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
I
I CIVlL ACTION - LAW
I
I NO. 91~~145 CIVL TERM
I
I
I JURY 'rIUAI, UEMANDED
v.
tlUNGlJlt.O 11 I CONlJOHINIlJM
ABBOCIA'1'lON,
rBUallIIWlUUAJWIC'
'rol ataoi, N, Oat.., Prothonot/lry
Pl.... enter the appearance of Rich/lrd II. wix, I.quire,
of the firm of wix, Wenger' Weidner, on behalf or Derendant
Bunbulld III condominium A..oahtion in the above-oaptioned
m.tter.
WIX, WENGER' WlnONEII
DY~::~r~'il:C tih, '1.D:jii2;1~i
Attorneys for Defendant
4105 Duke street
H,rri.burg, PA 17109-3099
(717) ua.1I4!l5
Dated, MIY la, 1997
.
f', -.
j'l It:
I' I ,ory , .1'
I
1)-' l
I' "
i t<
'\} ;- j
(;j, \ ~.. ,,II
L: , .~ '.:-
':,)
~ ,q).,
, , ,_. 'J
, u~ )
III
JOSBI'II 1. CIJRRHRI. JM, AND
ROSA\.1Il M, CURRHlU
: IN Till:! COURT 011 COMMON 1'1.EAS Of
: CUMI111RLAN[) COUNTY.
: PllNNSYI.VANIA
v
SUNmJlW III ('ONI>OM1NUM
ASSOCIATION
; IJ7.214~ CIVIL TERM
WlDERUJI_t:Ul!RI
ANI> NOW, SCI'lcmhcr 17, 1')')11, "1'on Ichtllon uflhe Court Admlnl_tralor Ilull
Ihlt CliO cMnnol he rCllchelllhls lllal lcrm lIlIe III the IIl1l1lher of eatet Oil Ihc lrial IItl, IT IS
IIJ!RI!UY ORl>fiIWIl AND I>IRI;,('I bl> Ihul lhil rUle he ~'onlinued unllllhe November 11)1)8
IJiallenll, The I'mlhon,llury 1M .hred.,;) III lelill ,hi. CUJie fur lhc November 11}!)8 Irlal lenn,
Counlel arc nOliOrl1 Ihal they nee,! Iwl ullelllllhe Call of lhc Us. 1111I1 no alldlllonal I'relrlal
Conference will he Ichelllllc,1 Wilen leqllellcll hy either PlIrty, Thll cUle will be Kiven
pleferencClum'lllurell allhe hClul of Iheliil
For lho Plalnllff
Timothy Anlllno, 1!III,
... (-_t.hi.... <..~t...',A l^,\-(~ t\
For Iho J}ct'cndlllll
Rkhard WI_, Hill,
('ourt Admlniltnllor
hh
V",.';""'lj
. ..,\1. . ,,\-,
'Itg,-, ..' '''''r;)
^_.l ,
ZU It,: ',' J ~;; J;j''; ~:IJ
Jm1C I. ','
rl !:() ,- rl~j
,)
Illl uLU.
v.
I III 1'"1: t'UUh'l' 01' l'I,HJo\OH ..I.UII or
I CUKUIH.AIHl ('OUN'I'\" t'IHHSYINAN1A
I
I
I CIVIL AC'floN - I.AW
r
I
I
I NQ, "'-U4I CIVil, 'fIftH
Joni'll J. CUkJll:lU, .lit"
and ROSAt,11t: M. CUJlRIIU,
1'IalntHta
'UNOUI~ 111 CONDOMINIUM
ASIOCIATION,
Dahndant
OW/1ft ill" f;;QURT
ANP HOW, lht. Hth dav ot AUlIu.t, IU', upon
Ilanaldaratlon or Plalhlltf.' ~otlon In 11.lna, and ot
D.tandant' a tlr I.r In PI1IJllalllon tn PlallltH f.' lllat hm, and
ta~lowln~ a pratrlal uont.ranDa III which ,.allltltt. w.r.
rapra..nta'l bV TlmothV H, Anatlna, t;a'lulra, anll oatanaant w..
rapra.antad bV IIluhard II, WIN, Ji;aqulra, dlapoalllol\ of the
Ilotlon la d.farralt tu th.. t,lal jUd",a, ami U.ta",I,"lt la dlraotad
to ..our. tha v.rml.alon ot Iha trial lud~. tor IlItroduotlon ot
.vldanoa ,:clIIoarnlll'" Iha la"lln.llon uf . "unl.a"I balwa.n
Plaintiff Jua.I'h .1. cUlllnl, Jr" an<1 capltul Vlaw A.aoulata.
and lh.. charrlnyl!)n Ul\llll' .,111101 avldlulIJ. ot Ilt\lJiltlun
Ilartalnlll'J to till. manar, tJ..a,1 ullUn Ill.. .tat.. ot tI'll livldlinuli
at that poInt III Iha trial, 'I'hla pourl II." IlIlU';illud tllat It
would allllaar thaI .uch .vlliaflua WHullt 1,.. 111.\/111..0,1.. In the .vent
that l'lalntltt. Inlro<1ul.l. .lIhl.rwa ul ... nln'Jll pt l'lalntltl
.Jo'.Jlh J. curreri, Jr" durlnQ tit. tllll. Illi, ""I thlt. the
aror..ald aontraat w.a In .ftaut.
!IV U.. Cour l, t
-Ltaa. .... 40.4_..
Jqw..I.v n~ Jr~
JOSKPH J. CURRKRI, JR.,
and ROSALIE H. CURRERI,
Pldntitta
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
NO. 97-2145 CIVIL TERM
v.
CIVIL ACTION-LAW
JURY 1'HI AI, DEMANDED
sUNGUILD III CONDOMINIUM
ASSOCIATION,
Defendant
DIUlfDUT .WJfUI.ILll~JLIBlILlJL2UQJl1T.1mLtQ..,J'w.lll'Ur" 8 HOTIOH It!
LU,llfl
I. STATIMINT or TUB rACTS
The present case arises from a elip and fall inoident which
allegedly occurred on November 15, 1995. In his complaint,
Plaintiff Joseph J. curreri, Jr. (hereafter referred to as
Plaintiff or Plaintiff curreri) alleged that he broke hie leg in
a fall, and that due to Defendant's alleged negligenoe. he was
completely unable to attend to his usual occupation as a real
estats broker, thereby SUffering financial loss. (Complaint, p.
7, para. 42). Plaintiff further averred that eince the end of
his complete disability and until the present time, he has not
bsen able to attend to his business at the same level as he did
before the acoident and he may in the future be prevented from
attending to such occupation at the same level. (Complaint, p.
7-8, para. 43). Accordingly, plaintiff is making a olaim for
lost businell8 earnings and 101S of earning oapaoity in this
lawsuit.
Aooo~din9 to Plaintiff'. depo.ition te.timony, the relevant
portion. of whioh are attaohed hereto a. Exhibit 11"'11 and
inoorporated herein by refe~enoe, he has worked mostly .elling
real e.tate during hiB adult lifB. (EXhibit 111..11 DBpO. p. 7).
lie haB mainly .old townhomes and oondominiums. (Exhibit "A,"
Oepo. p. 7). From 1991 until 1997, Plaintiff had hiB own
company, the Curreri Hllal Estate Company. (Exhibit "A." Depo. p.
6). In 1991, his company began to .ell units for the Woodlane
View (hereafter "WV") development in York, I'ennsyl vania.
(Exhibit "A," Depo, p. 11-12). The developer on the project wae
Capitol View Associates (hereafter "CVAn). (Exhlbit "A," Depo.
p. 1:1). Plaintiff had a marketing agreement with CVA to sell 95
townhomes at Woodlane View, (Exhibit "A," Depo. p. 12). He had
the exolusivs right to sell these homss on a commission baeiB.
(EXhibit "A." Oepo. p' 12). He sold homes at WV until the
project sold out in 1994. (EXhIbit "A." Depo. p' 12-13). From
1991 to 1994, approximately 95 percent, if not more, of
Plaintiff's tims and effort was spent on tile WV development.
(EXhibit "A," Depo. p' 13), and he had three independent
contraotors working with his company eelling unite at WV on a
commieeion basis. (EXhibit "A." Depo. p' 14).
In 1993, before WV sold out. Plaintiff began selling units
at the Crown Point development in York, Pennsylvania. (Exhibit
2
"A," Oepo. p. 14-15), al.o developld by eVA. (Exhibit "A," O.po.
p. 14). plaintiff did not ..11 1111 of the.. unite. (EXhibit
"A," Pepo. p 1~). Hi. la.t olo.ing on thl. project wa. September
lO, 199!l. (Exhibit "A," Oepo. p. 1!l). IIle marketing agreement,
though, with CVA had come to an end In July of 1995. (Exhibit
"A," Oepo. p. 6). Uy November of 1995, he had one sale.
1I.locillte working with him, (Exhibit "A," Oepo. p, 15), which WII.
the .ame number he had had In the earlier part of 1995. (EXhibit
"A," Oepo. p. 19). CVA officially terminated the agreement due
to bUline.. reasons I CVA wanted to change the contract and the
Plaint1tt did not. (Exhibit "A," Oepo. p. 17). 1'1alnt1tf is
presently involved In litigation with CVA In a suit pending in
the Cumberland county court of Common Plea. regarding the
contraot. (I~xhiblt "A," oepo. p. 17-10). 'rhe sales a.sociats
plaintiff had working for 111m In the early part of 1995 left due
to thi8 contract dispute. (EXhibit "A," Oepo. p, 19-20).
At the time of Plalntlff'e fall on November 15, 1995, he had
not lined up any new developers, nor wa. he working on trying to
finalize deal. of the sort he had had with eVA. (EXhibit "A,"
Oepo. p. "<I).
3
II. 8TATIMINT or QUI8TIOM. IMVOLVID
A. SHOULD EVIDENCE OF TERMINATION OF PLAINTIFF'S MARKETING
CONTRACT OV illS FORMER EMPLOVER BE ADMITTED AT TilE
TRIAL OF PLAINTIFF'S PERBONAL INJURV ACTION AGAINST THE
DEFENDANT WIIERE BUCII EVIDENCE IS RELEVANT TO
PLAINTIFF'S LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITV?
Proposed Answorl Vos.
O. SHOULD EVIDENCE OF A SEPARATE I~WBUIT MAINTAINED OV
PLAIN'rIFF BE ADMIT1'ED AT A TIUAL FOR PERSONAL
INJURIES WIIERE BUCII EVIDENCE IS RELEVANT TO THE
DETERMINATION OF PLAINTIFF'S LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITV,
AS TilE SEPARATE SUIT AROSE FROM 'I'IIE 'I'ERMINATION OF
PLAINTU't" S MARKETING CONTRACT BY IllS FOllMER EMPLOYER?
proposed Answerl Yes,
III. ARGUMBNT
A. aBOAUBI BVIDBNOI or THB TBRMINATION or PLAINTlrr'8
KARXBTING CONTRACT BY HIB rORMBR IMPLOYBR 18 RBLBVANT
TO TNI I8BUI or LOBB or BAnNING CAPAOITY IN PLAINTIrr'B
PBRBONAL INJURY ACTION AGAINBT DBrBNDANT BUNGUILD, IT
BHOULD 8B ADHITTBD.
Under l'ennsyl vania law, evidenco must be both competent and
relevant to be admissible. TAliferro v, JOhns-Manville corp.,
421 Pa. super. 204, 617 A.2d 796, 802-803 (1992). Evidence is
relevant and therefore admissible if it "'(1) logically or
reasonably tends to prove or disprove a material fact in issue;
(2) tends to prove or disprove a material fact in issue; (3)
tends to make such a fact more or less probable; or (4) affords
the basis for or supports a reasonable inference or presumption
regarding the elCistence of a material fact.'"
Tallferro, ~ All relevant evidence should be admitted unless a
4
particular rule bar. its admission. Enale v. West Penn Pcwer
~, 409 Pa, Super. 462, a9B A.2d 290, 299 (1991), aDDeal denied,
529 Pa, 669, 605 A.2d 334 (1992). The trial court's chiof
conoern i. to allow the jury to hear all evidence relevant to the
i88ue being decided and to exolude only that evidence which is
inadmissible as a matter of law or unduly prejudicial. Cohen V.
Albert Einstein Medioal Center. Northern Div., 405 Pa, super.
392, 592 A.2d 720, 725 (1992), aDDeal denied, 529 Pa, 644, 602
A.2d B55 (1992). It Bhould be noted that the PennBylvania RuleB
of Evidenoe, which were recently adopted, are effective october
1, 199B and therefore do not apply to the inBtant caBe. (See Pa,
R.E. 101 et Beq., effective Ootober 1, 199B).
"Earning capacity" for purpoBeB of determining damages for
1088 thereof, pertains to an injured person'B 800nomio horison,
not his actual earningB. Ruzzi V. Dutler Petrol~u~~, 527 Pa.
1, 5BB A.2d 1, 7 (1991) (Emphasis Supplied), Moreover, a
plaintiff's earningB BubBequent to hiB injury, as compared with
hi. earnings at the time of injury, are merely evidence, but not
oonclusive evidence, aB to whether hiB earning cllpacity has been
diminished by the accident in queBtlon. Sherman v..
HAn~tllrer's Light & lIea~.L' 309 Pa. 61, 132 A.2d 255, 257
(1957). In the case at bar, the termination of the marketing
contract between Plaintiff and eVA, his former employer, i.
5
direotly relevant Plaintiff'. eoonomio horilon at the time of the
aooident in que.tion. suoh evidenoe tend. to .how that
Plaintiff'. eoonomio horizon was waning at the time of his
injury. Plaintiff admitted that 95 percent, if not more, of his
time and effort during the years 1991 through 1994 were .pent
selling units for eVA pursuant to the agreement. (Exhibit "A,"
Depo. p. 13). However, he did not sell all of the units at the
Crown Point development for eVA, and Plaintiff's marketing
agreement with CVA was terminatsd by eVA in July of 1995, several
months before Plaintiff fell and broke his leg. (Exhibit "A,"
Depo, p. 16). At the time of his injury, Plaintiff did not have
a new developer to work for, nor was he working on finalizing any
deals like the one he had with eVA. (Exhibit "A," Depo. p. 22).
These faots are relevant to this case because they show, at a
minimum, that Plaintiff's business was deoreasing before the time
of his injury. If the jury is permitted to view plaintiff's tax
returns and compare his earnings before the acoident as oompared
to those after the acoident without knowing of the termination of
the agreement, it will be deprived of the true picture of
Plaintiff's economic horizon. The probative value of this
evidenoe certainly outweighs its prejUdicial effeot, and
therefore, this Court should admit evidenoe of termination of the
aforementioned marketing oontract at trial,
6
B. BICAUII IVIDINCI or A IIPAAATI LAWIUIT
HAIMTAINID BY PLAINTIrr AOAINIT HII rORHIR
IKPLOYIR rOR TIRHINATION or PLAINTIrr'l
MARKITINO CONTRACT II RILIVANT TO THI IIIUI
or PLAINTIrr's LOIS or WAOIS AND LOSS or
IARMING CAPACITY IN PLAINTIrr's PIRSONAL
INJURY ACTION AGAINST DlrlNDANT SUNOUILD,
IT SHOULD 01 ADNITTID.
As stated in Argument A, suora, this Court should admit
relevant evidence which is not precluded by another rule of law
and which is not unduly prejudicial. In his deposition
testimony, Plaintiff curreri admitted that he is presently in
litigation with CVA in a suit pending in the Cumberland county
Court of Common Plsas regarding tormination of the above-noted
contract. (EXhibit "A," Depo. p. 17). The suit is directly
relatsd to the termination of the aforementioned marketing
agreement, Plaintiff's main source of business income, and
therefore relevant to the assessment of Plaintiff's economic
horizon. The instant case, therefore, is distinguishable from
DiFrancesco v. Excam. In~, 434 Pa, Super, 172, 642 A.2d 529
(1994), aooeal grAni~, 540 1'a, 599, 655 A.2d 980 (1995), apDeal
diumissed 4a improvidentlY 9rAll~, 543 Pa. 627, 674 A.2d 214
(1996) which ie cited in Plaintiff's Drief. DiFrancesco was a
products liability action. The Superior Court in DiFrancesco
held that evidence of a prior unrelated lawsuit arising from an
automobile accident was properly excluded because it did not
support the argument that the appellees wero litigious
7
6
Ceranic' Associates in the Harrisburg area. We sold
townhomes and condos.
From '91 to '95 I had my own company, the
Curreri Real Estate Company. Had developers for clients
and eold townhomee and condominiume. From '95 until '97 I
operated the Curreri Real Estate company.
o Okay. Was that different than the company you
talk about in '91 to '95?
A No, eame company, same company. I guess -- '97
I went to work for McNaughton 1I0mes.
1
2
1
4
5
6
'7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19 A Mostly cash flow, too expensive to keep my
20 busine.s at that time.
21 0 okay. Is that related to your accident and
22 injuries or other economic factors?
23 A aecauae of the accident and being out of work,
24 I had expended lIumll of money and did not have income, not
25 enough income had more expenees than income, because I
0 Are you presently employed by them?
A Right.
0 And what capad t y?
A Balea.
0 And when in '97 did you start with McNaughton?
A February.
0 And why did you end your buainess and go to
work for McNaughton?
w) \(,
7
1 was out of work. So in my mind I was too far behind to
2 continue.
3 0 Okay. I take it though from listening to your
4 experience that your adult life has been pretty much in
5 selling real estate?
6 A Yes, sir.
7 0 And particularly condominiume?
8 A Townhomes and condominiums, yes, sir.
9 0 Prior to your present wife, were you married?
10 A No.
11 0 So this was your first marriage?
12 A Yes.
13 0 You indicated in '86 to '91, in that period,
14 you were employed by the Curreri -- I'm sorry, Ceranic --
15 Ceranic Company in the lIarrisburg area?
16 A Right.
17 0 Okay. Was that when you first came to the
18 Harrisburg area, in 1986?
19 A Yea.
20 0 okay. And what is it that brought you to the
21 Herrisburg area from Pittsburgh?
22 A Well, I had been in contact with Mr. Ceranic.
23 And having worked for him before, expressed interest in
24 the opportunity to work on additional developments or
2S projects. And he informed me that he was going to obtain
Pj
1 that, and we did. And I came to work to do developmental
2 projects here.
3 0 Okay. So at that point in time when you called
4 Mr. Ceranic I take it you were still in the New Jersey
5 area?
6 A Correct.
7 0 Okay. And so he indicated he waa going to be
8 doing a project in Harrisburg, and he hired you for that
9 project?
10 A Correct.
11 0 What was the name of that project?
12 ^ Sunguild Condominiums.
13 0 Oh, okay. So you were selling theae unit.
14 where you eventually ended up living?
15 A There was
16 0 Or ea~lier phase?
17 A an earlier phase.
18 0 okay.
19 A Is where I started.
20 0 In -- why is it you left Mr. Ceranio'.
21 employment?
22 A The reason for that was to have my own
23 bueiness, to receive more of the income and not to have to
24 split it with him.
2S 0 Okay. During that four year period or so,
II} 8'
B
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
2)
24
25
whatever it was, you were just selling sunguild
Condominiums I is that correct?
A Now, we're talking about the period --
o The '86 to '91 period?
A We had the Sunguild section. There was five
buildings. And we had another condominium, sunguild I II.
There was three buildings. And then we went in to New
Cumberland, Hunter's Ridge, and there was 85 units there.
o Okay. Let me -- the unit that you were living
in at the time of your accident in November of 1995, when
did you purchase that?
A It was about April or May of 1995.
o Okay. And was -- was that in Sunguild III that
you've described?
A Yes, yes.
o So you had previously sold some of the other
units in that development?
A They were all sold by me or at my assistance by
1989.
o Okay.
A There might have been one or two in 1990, but
o And at the time was Mr. ceranic the developer?
A No.
o Who waD the developer?
\ ~j 'I
9
10
1 A Butler Joint Venture.
2 0 I guess did Mr. Ceranic have a listing for the
3 sales of these units?
4 A Marketing agreement, listing.
S 0 And were you on a salary or a commission or
6 combination?
7 A commission only.
8 0 And sunguild III had all originally been sold
9 out by '89 is your best recollection?
10 A Yes.
11 0 okay. And so after that you were selling this
12 Hunter's Ridge?
13 A Correct.
14 0 And then you determined that you would go into
lS business for yourself?
16 A Correct.
17 Q All right. NoW, in -. at that point in 1991,
18 where were you living?
19 A In 1991 I lived in -- at the Hunter's Ridge
20 development in New Cumberland?
21 0 Okay. Did you own a unit, or were you renting?
22 A Yes, yes.
23 0 And did you continue to live there until you
24 bought the
2S A No.
I~\r \1)
12
,. '~'~""'.-~-'" ., '.""'''=-'''"''-''.'''-~'' ,-- ",.,....-,"''"'''''''.~,~.'''''-. "....,~.,....-",.",.-,.-'_..-...,---~---~-"-.,.-
1
2
1
4
II
o
II
Q
Ve..
Okay. What development was that?
The development. name wa. Wood line View.
OklY. And who WI' the developer at Woodlan.
Clpitol View A..ociateD. That'D OL.
Okay. And did you have, I tlke it, some type
8 of In 'ijr.ement with c.pitol View Alloci.te.?
III
U
A
5 View?
,
'1
II
Q
Ye..
Okay, What WI' the neture ot your agreement
Hlrketin9 lijre.ment to ,ell 95 townhom.. at
1] Woodlene VieW,
i
10
A
U Q And clln YPu just briefly tell me how that
15 worked? I mean, would you have -- did you have like an
16 ..eIU'lve riuht tu .all thoe. home., or could they eell
11 them on their own it ".
o
11 with them1
a;.I
II
;10
o
II
I)
"
'I
II
o
n
n
n
H
J'~
It wa.. more of iHI exclulive right.
Okay, And wa. there like a fixed tee per unit?
Thlil.1I WI"'"
How WilD YUIll .-.;/lI11I i. D i on 1
'~urlil we. . pUlcentaue amount. p.r unit.
Ok"y, V.rctllnl ;ii\J1lI of t h. liUI"ch... pr ice?
Correct,
An'1 h!>w llifj'J W..,.. you t Ijllodlltel1 with Woodlane
, "_~'''_'_''''''''"'''_''''''''''.Y>_''''''''''''_'~_''''''''-"'''__''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''~_~
1'.\
,~
13
1 View? Until the project eventually sold out, I assume?
2 A Ves, of course, it sold out.
3 0 Okay, How long did it take you to sell out the
4 95 units?
5 A It was sometime in '94 that, you know, my
6 assignment there was completed.
'7 0 okay. During that several years, '91 to '94,
8 whatever that time frame was with -- when you were
9 associated with eelling the Woodlane View units, would you
10 be working on other sales, or was that exclusively your
11 source of income, the sales of that particular project?
1~ I guess what I'm trying to find out is whether
13 you're like what I would term a typical real IJstate
14 company, or you're somewhat different than the Jack
15 Gaughens or someone else like that?
16 A Over 90 percent of my time and effort, 95 or
1'7 high 90s percent, was spent just on the Woodlane View
18 development. There was a few other opportunities, but
19 they were not -- not by eny means the biggest area of my
20 attention.
21 0 Okay. And during that time frame, to the
22 extent that you would do any advertisements, would they
23 have been directed primarily to the BIlle of those units as
24 opposed to trying to drum up business other places?
25 AVes,
\~, 13
14
1 0 During the time that you were marketing the
2 Woodlane View, did you have anyone that was either
3 employed by you or associated with you in 80me manner?
4 A Yes.
5 0 Okay. And who was that?
6 A Marge Shook, George sylvester, Michael Reyburn.
'7 0 And were these all people that were eelling on
8 commission basis?
9 A Yeah, sales associates, yes.
10 0 Okay. You didn't consider them employees?
11 A In a technical sense of the word, no.
12 0 I mean, in other words, did you withhold, pay
13 Social Security?
14 A They were independent contractors within my
15 real estate company.
16 0 Okay. All right. Now, did you say it wae
1'7 sometime in the beginning of '94 that you believe that the
18 Wood lane View project had sold out?
19 A Well, the Wood lane View proj ect Will running out
20 of units by the end of '93. And the developer started a
21 new development at the end of '9].
22 0 okay.
23 A And the galee office and model were moved to
24 the new development at the end of '93. And we were
25 Belling both developments simultaneously.
i~j \ II
1
o
2
A
3
o
4
A
5
o
6
A
'7
o
8
A
9
o
10
A
11
o
12
A
13
o
14
A
Okay. And the new development was?
Crown Point.
okay. Where is Crown point?
In York.
Crown Point's in York?
Yes.
How many units was that?
167 units.
And you started selling there in late 193?
Late '93.
And when did you -- did you sell those all out?
No.
Okay.
I had the last closing there about September
lS 30th of 1995.
16
1'7 remained?
18
19
All right. At that point how many units
o
A
About 11 7.
o
okay. Now, how many sales associate. did you
20 have in November of 1995?
21
22
23
24
25
A
One.
o
Okay. Who was that?
Geraldine Novessl, N-O-V-E-S-A-L.
And was she working primarily at Crown point?
A
Q
A
No.
\Y\. ,~)
15
;
i !
1 0 Where was she working?
:l A She was working for the Curreri Real Eatate
3 Company. And we had our office in Mechanicsburg at that
4 time. I had my office in Mechanicsburg at that time.
S 0 okay. Well, I guess you said you had your last
6 closing with Crown Point on about September 30th. Had
'7 your agreement with them come to an end?
8 A Yes.
9 0 Okay. I take it then the ending of whatever
10 your marketing agreement or relationship was with the
11 Crown Point development had nothing to do with your
12 accident?
13 A That's correct.
14 0 Okay. why had your agreement with .- 1 gut.'
lS tht agreement was with the Capitol -- what's the name,
16 Capitol Associates?
1'7 A Capitol View Associates.
18 0 Capitol View Associates. It had come to an end
19 what, the end of September of 1995?
20 A Well, technically it ended in July of '95. And
21 there was remaining work through september.
22 0 Okay. Were these salea that had already been
23 made, and you were just waiting for the closing.?
24 A Waiting and working on the closings.
25 0 All right, yeah.
\YJ 110
16
1
A
YtUJ,
All right. Can you ju.t tall lOa who the
1 principal. are of cap~tol View Aa.ooiate.?
13
14
15
16
1'/
:l
o
V.., John Rhode., Mich.el Leu, Jeffrey Rillman,
5
JlIme. Ilteven.. There'. another, Vava Dyaon.
Q
^
o
A
OkAY. And when i. that IlUit pending, in which
cumberland County.
OkAy, And lira YOll the plaintift in that Buit?
Ye..
Okay, And who" raprea.nting you in that .uit?
Shagin , Anetine.
Okay. Who repre.ent. the defendant. in that
I think it'. anetbaker , Br.nnemlln,
Okay. r. it niuk anetbaker?
MR. IlILACJINI 'j'h. [,utlcular counnl thlll'e baan
18 involved ha. bean Keith Pre/lllaman,
4
^
6
0
county?
A
0
A
0
A
0
IIUtt?
A
Q
1';/ BY MR. WIX,
20
7
8
9
10
11
1;1
okey, /In YOUI ,!epollitipll bun t.k.n In
21 connection with that lawaull f
~2
:0
No, it hall /lot.
'l'o your Kn()wlIHlgll, have any of the dapoll!thmlii
:Ii of the Cllr,Hol Vlaw Aunpl,HliIli helm t.Klm in thllt hW/ijuH?
20;
Not to IliY knowle,ltJl(j. no,
"J . \ <f,
18
~
III
1
Q
",~,,"~._,,_."_._-~~._.~..._,<,.~-~.,--,-.-.,---~~ -----~--"_._~_._-,..."._.-.,...~--."',..,.,......_.~.__._,.~-~---~,~.-'_."....."'..~-~,--'"'"',.,.~~-~_...-
All right. All rlUht. Well, then" and thi..
2 termination of the agreement wa. lomewhere ,round July of
J ,,.?
4
^
officially July --
Mlt. SIlMJ1N. ExcuU me. July of Un?
'95, okay, I'm lorry.
of '!I~.
.Jul y of I U. "'It m. come blck I cOllple month_
10 betore that. In the early part af 1'" how m.ny
11 auoelates did you have workinlJ for your comp.ny et that
11 point in time?
s
6 BY MIl. WIlli
'/
Q
One.
Okay. Oer.ldine?
N~).
Who wu thatl
vincent Corrao, C-O.R'R.A'O.
ok illY . And did he hav. bec.un of your
19 termination of the .greement with capitol View? Or 4id h,
8
A
1U lellve for other nta.onll
9
1.1
No.
It you know? No whit? I Quee. 1 liked you two
MIL I:lIIA01NI Yuh. it vou could, could you
~5 bJ..k tho~6 down, Vlea..?
1)
A
14
1.1
A
IS
16
Q
A
1.1
1 "
1Il
;it
A
22
Q
2J 11\101lt\rms.
H
~~,,,,",,,,,",..,,~,,..~,,,,,.-
.'" ~,._"""_" ,'" _ _"__'~ ".__"_'~'_ __'~ ...._n_. "__,_~,.,,,,,,_,._,,,",~'~w_.._......__"_'._"'" ,.
It), \!\
n
1 monll in tho liniJs of. I gUIJ8l1, what I woUllJ lIItyle mon
2 typic.l re.l eat.le sales?
3 A WillI, probably to hilve a portion ot the
4 bUilinaall bo more like you would c.ll typical, plue to have
5 a portion of the businiJ.e for develop.re.
6 0 okay, Well, let me a.k you thie, Ae of the
'I time of your hll in November 1!ith of '9S, had you lined
8 up any developerll to make arrangement. .uch all you had had
9 in the put?
10 A No, thero weren't any lined up at that time.
11 0 Okay. Were you working on any deale like that
12 that had not yet been finalized?
1) A Not spacitically, no,
14 0 Okay. So that would I be correct that betw.en
15 the end ot September and November 15th, which nalI y i.
16 only .bout a uix week period at time, at that point in
1'7 time you were basically looking for listing. and looking
18 for proepective buyers intereeted in purcha.ing
19 re.idential units?
20
A
I wa. doing that at that time, and other
21 things.
22
o
Okay. Other things, what were the other thing.
23 you were doing?
24
A
Well, I WlUl in the procus of hiring a 118lu
25 a!l8ociate.
\){J ' ;:1,1.
Acgordln, \Q 'llln"rr'. d.,@,'\lon ~..tl.onv, \h. r.l.v.nt
portion. or whl~h ar. .\t.ph.~ h.f.to .. t_hlblt "AN .nd
Incorpur.t.d h.r.ln by r.r.r.nu., h. hi' wurk.~ mo.tlv ..llln~
1410.1 ..tat. 4urlllll hi. Idull IIr.. (hhlblt "1\," ll'lHJ. p. I).
H' hI' mllnly .uld townhum.. Ind Gundgmlnlum.. (~khlbll "A,"
()fiJ{'P' 1].1). num IWwl until 1\1\11, I'I"ihtUt hid hi. Qwn
cumplnv, the CUII.II k.11 ~.t.'a Cumplnv. (K~hibll "A," D'fo. p.
6). 111 lliWl, hi. \.'pmplny t'.lJln "j nil 1I1I1l. tWI Ui. WIIP!tlln.
VI.w (h.ra.rt.r "WV") d.valupmlnt In York, Penn.ylvanl..
(t:llhIIJlt "A," u.po. p. II-Ill. lh. 1i,1I.luper Dn the (.rpj.ct WI'
c.pitol vi.w Allocl"t.. (hlr.ltt.r "CVA"I. (KllhlIJlt "A," [l'PP.
p. Ill. Vlllntltf had I mlrk.tlnlj .qr.....nt with cVA to ..11 t~
tpwnhOllllill "t WO<llH'''1 View. IhhlbH "A," Il.po. (I. Ill. II. h."
tll. IIIClJlulllvll I I \lilt, to ..II th,,". lIulo.'" Oil .. <,ommllllllon bl.i..
(l(whlblt "A," U.~o. I', 01. II. 1;0112 Ii'".". ilt WV ullt i 1 tlia
I,[ul,ul "oltt llllt In lli'14, (tHhlblt "A," (jlipU. p. U-l11. froll
IWlll lu lYH. .p~ru.llbilt"lv n (lltH'lllll, I r flut mun', lit
l'I,IIlt-Ut'. tl",' ..n,t ..ttP\\: 101,111 li~lIillt un It.. wv ".II.lu5'mlint..
(!twhH.it "A," u.po. V. Ill, "",t ha h." thulI Indlll'''llIlllllt
(',,"hl,'"'H.' \lorklr"j with hili IA,m.,.nv ..llln';l unit. .t 'fIV on ·
cl.nilDI.siun bllll.. Ihhl\.Jlt "A," P.I'Q. I" 14).
In li91, b,tAre WV .old out, 1'1"lntiff b.'Jiln ..Illn~ unit.
ilt the Crown point ".v.lop...nt In york, r.nnllylvlinla. (Kwhlblt
a
"A," Pep'" p. \4-U), tho "evela,e" bV eVA. lIhlMbit IIA, to P.p\>.
p. 141. ,I.inti" aia nat ..11 all af tn... unit.. (~whiplt
"A," D.po. p '~l. HI. I..t ulo.ln~ un thl. proJ.ct w.. ,.ptemblr
10, lIlU. (hhl\J1t "A," OIllJ'P. p. 161, 1I1e lIliHklltllH.I AIIU'Ill.nt,
though, with CVA h~d com. to An .nd in July uf I"~' (gwhlbl'
"A," D.po. p. til. ~y HpvliI~blilr of 1'9~, h. hid on. .al..
1l.,oula'lI worklnq with him, (~.hl\Jlt "A," n.pa. p. 151, which wa.
the ..Ille numb... h. hlo:t Ilad In the .ulhlr ,Hut \It un. (fllhlbit
"A," n,p"', p. lll). r:vA offlolally tUIIlt/ilttilll the i1\1HilllllilWt dill
to bill In'.' rllll.on./ r:VA wanted to uhanll' the contract Inli th.
l'l.lntltt did not. (hhih" "A," OliVO. I" 11), rlll1ntltf I.
pre.llntly Involvlild In litlqAtian with CVA in a .uit p.ndlnq In
lh, Cllmberhnit ('uunty Court lit Cummon I'lull r.lludlnCj thll
Ptlntract, (bhl"lt "A," li.lm. p. l'I"llIl. The lIal.. ...001.'1
,l.intiff h.d wurklnCj tor him In th. .arly plrt of 19VI lett au.
to 'hi. cantr.at dllilpute. (~~hlblt "A," napo. p. li-aul.
At the time pf ,1_lnlltf'. '.11 un Huv_mb.r 11, 1991, h. had
not I1n.a up .ny n.w d.v~IDp'rll, nor w.. h- workln9 un lryln~ t9
tinllhe de.l, pt tha liHlrt "e h.d h.o:t with eVil, (hhlblt "II,"
I1lpa. p. ""I.
1
J.. "~'IMI" or QUIIT.OM. INVOLVID
A, 1iI110ULP gvIPEHC~ or 'rERMHIA'rION or I'LAINTlrr'1 HAI\I<ITINO
COH1'AACT BY 1IH1 fORME" EHl'J,l)'{Itlt BE AOloll'l'TED AT Till
"flUr. OF f\..AI NTI ff' S l'ERIlOHAI. HUURY ACTION AOAIN.T Till
PEFf;NPAH'I' WHERIt r>ucH IWlPf;NCE 18 REI.EVAWf TO
l'IAIH'I'IYf'lJ LOllS 01' f:ARHWO CM'AcI'fY1
frapo..d AnIWQr; Ves.
B, llllP\JW I::VIUlcHCIt Of 11 6t:I'AHA'l'E I..\WfiUIT HAINTAlIIEO BY
l'1.AIWI'11'1' lIl': ADM lTTlW AT A 1'IUAI. .'01\ l'ERaOHAL
INJUIHU WUltHE IlUCll t.VlllENcte 16 RI'LEVAll'f TO TilE
1)l!;1'J::RHINATlOll 01' 1'1..\111'1'11'1"11 I,OIHI or t:ARNINO cAPAC1TY,
AI! Till!: BIU'ARAT!! BUI'!' AROUE .'IIOH TilE TERMINATION or
I'IAlIl'I'lI'F' Il HAIUit:TlIHl COII'I'IIAeT lI'i IlIa I'ORHER EHPLOYER?
ffOPOIlQd AnBw.fl 'Is.,
111. UQUMIiN,.
A. ,.CAUI8 liVIDItieS or TH' TEaNIHATION or PLAINTlrr"
KAR.'TINO CONTRACT BY HI' rOlMER EMPLOYER l' R'LIVANT
TO TM' 118UI or LO.. or sARNINO CAPACITY IN PLAINTIrr',
".'O"~L l"JUay AOTI0N AGAIN8T PI'INDANT 8UNOUILD, IT
..OULP I. ADMITTED.
und.r v.nnaylvBnla law, evidence must be bolh competent and
ni.ltlVlIllt to \,. .dmlulble. '1.111Hllt.UL\kJI.llll1l.:Ml\U....1l11 Corp.,
HI j'a. /:luper, 204, 6H A.Old 796, 1102-803 (1992). Evidence is
nolhlvl!lnt and thllrtltun' admt..ibla if it ", (1) logically or
ftll!l.unably tends tu prove or disprove a material fact in issue I
(II tends to prove or dl.prove a material taat in iMsuel (3)
tl'IH!61 to maka auch . tact mora or less probable/ or (4) affords
the ~..ie for Of .upporta . re..onable inferonce or pre.umption
rtl~l\fdln<J the aMi.tenDa of a malarial facl.'"
tal11IXtU, 1d~ All rslavant ovldsnco .hould be admitted unless a
4
partloul'~ rule bar. it. .4ml..ion. ~nal,vl W... rlnn fRw,r
~, 40g Pa. lup.r. 46a, D'. A.ad a.o, ail (1"1), 'PP~.l ~.nl'~,
,ag PI. 6", 608 A.ad ))4 (lg,a). Tha trial court', chi.,
conoern i. to allow the jury to hear .11 avidence relevant to the
iesua beln9 decided and to exclude only that evidence which i.
inlldmlllBlbl. U I mattar ot law or un(tuly puludlolal. l:.wlUULll.
Al12ut Elll1.t.unJilll11klll ~Jlnt.u.JiQ'UUUJLl.llv., 40!l 1'.. tiuper.
J9a, 59a A.2d no, '125 (111112), AlJfJul a.nial1, !I2!i I'.. 644, 602
A.2d 85' (1992). It ahould be noted that the renneYlv.nia Rul..
at Evidence, which were recently adopted, arl ettectlv. octob.r
1, 1998 and thsretore do not apply to the instant ca.lI. (6.. pa.
R.E. 101 at .eq., Bttllctivl October 1, 191/8).
"Earnln~ capacity" tor purpu.e. uf d.termlnln~ damAQll' tor
lOBS thereof, partaln. to an Injurld pereon'. 100nol10 horiton,
not his actual earnlnIJe. Ullulv.IlYtlUl,.tlUlI1Wll CUu !i27 P..
1, 58B A.2d I, 7 (1991) (Emphaele vupplled). Horeuver, A
plaintitt's earnin\JII lIublle(lullllt to hili Injury, a. CPID(lAnllt with
his oarnin\J1I at the time ot Injury, ar_ msrely .vl~ena., but not
conclusive evidence, liB to whether hi. eunlnlJ ollpao1ty h.. be.n
diminished by the accident ill (1'llIltlon. llllumAU v.
Mlllll.lJ:AQtIlUlL~._.L1gbt.'.IlOAt.,C~LI llIll 1'.. U, lH A.2d !I!)!i, alH
(1957). In thl ca.. at bar, the termination ot the marketln9
contract between Plaintltt lInd eVA, hill former emplOyer, II
!)
alt.~~,y f.l.vlnt "Ilntl,," ,QonoNlo herllon at ~h. tlm. 0' the
acatd.nt In qy..tlon, 'Yeh Ivla.no. t.nd. to .how that
rlalntlt". ,canoaio hurtzon WI' w.ntn~ at the tim. at ht.
injyry. I'lIiollft .allllu.a tllllt ll!) pUclmt, it not mon, ot hi.
tim. ana .tfort a~rln~ thl y.ar. l!illl thro~qh 1~9. Wlr' .p.nt
.ell1nq unit. for CVA p~r.u.nt to th. allreem.nt. (~_hibit "A,"
D'po. p. Ill. How.v.r, h. ala not ..11 allot the unit. at th.
crown ruin!; ,IIV.lolHllfolnt for t:VA, all(l I'lalntitt'. mark.tinll
a9r..ment with CVA w.. tarmln.t.d by CVA In July ot 1995, ..v.ral
montha b.tare Platntl" 'Ill and broke hll 1'\1. (Exhibit "A,"
!lepa. p. 16). At th. tlm. ,), hi. injury, lJhlntHf did not bllv.
a new devIIDplr to work for, nor wa' h. work In\! on 'inalizinq any
dl.l. Uk. the 011'" h. hall with eVA. (""blblt "A," D.po. II. HI.
Th... t.ut. .ra r.l_vant to thi. e"1 b.cau.. th.y .huw, at ,.
minimum, that l'1.ifltlH'. bu.lnl.... wu deunliUlng bator. the ttlnl
of hill Injury. If th. jury I. p.rmitted to view pl.lntlft'. t..
r.turn. ,nd (lomp.r. hi. .arnlll~. he'urll th. avoidant a. (lump.r.d
19 thD.. .tter th. IIQpli1l1nt without klHjwllHj of th. tannillation of
the .grlliUUiif,I, it will bll ".l'll\l.,t De tho true plcturl 0'
,".intitf'e l!O"onol1lio Iwl'\.un, 'l'he proh.tIV. v.lue of thlll
Dvld.nul vlrt.lnly ulltw.iqh. I'll prljudicial .et.ot, and
thor.tor., thlll C~\lrt IIIJauld admit .vldenue ot termination of th_
atnr.mlntianlld m'lkatln, vDnlt.pt at tr..l.
b
It IIOAUI, IVIDINOI 0' A 1..AaATI LA.,UIT
MAINTAINID IY 'LAINTI" AOAINIT HI' 'ORMI.
IN.LOYI. 'OR TIlXIN1TION 0' 'LAINTI""
HAI.ITINO CONTRACT II RILIV1NT TO THI IIIUI
or .LAINTI"'I LOll 0' W101. AND LOll or
1lk.1NQ CA'ACITY IN 'LA1NTI"'S PIRIONAL
INJURY ACTION AOAI.'T DI'INDANT SUNQUILD,
IT IHOULD 81 ADMITTID.
A' ,t,ted In Ar~umQnt A, 'U~[A, thle court .hould admit
relevant evld.nce which I. not precluded by anoth.r rule of law
and which I' not unduly pnjudichl. In his depo,ition
te.tllllony, l'laintltt curreri admitted that he ill preeently in
litigation with CVA in a euit pending in the Cumberland county
,
t
,
Court of common Plea. regarding termination of the above-noted
contract. (Exhibit "A," D'po. p. 17). The suit ill directly
related to the termination of the aforementioned mark.ting
a9reem.nt, Plaintiff" main lourc. of bueino.. income, and
therefor. relev.nt to the .....lIm.nt of Plaintiff'. economio
horhon. The inet.nt cae., th.refor., i. dhtinguiahable from
Ol1'.r.AllCJl.a{;.Q_'U. ~lU.Am..lnQ.., 434 l'a. super. 172, flU A.2d !l211
(1994), 4~.1 "[Antl~, !l40 Pa. !l99, 6!l!l A.2d 988 (1911!!), A~l
dl.ml.l~ AI lmgLQY1~Rlll1Y gIAnttd, 541 Pa. 62'7, 6'74 A.2d 214
(19\16) which h cited In plaintiff'S prie!. 01lxAtlkUl;.Q wu a
products liability action. 'I'he superior' Court in Uifr.All\l.UCQ
helll that evidence of a prior unrelated lawsuit arising from an
automobile accident wae properly excluded because it did not
support the argument that the appellees were litigious
.,
indlviduale. 4H Pa. .upn. at _.' 641 ~.3d at U7. \Jnl1k. the
app.l lante in cilunll.UQ.lll, D.hndant s\l",~ulld in th. ca.. at IJn
wi.he. to otfer '\Ich evid.nc. on the I..ue of Plaintiff"
economic horizon, not to .how that Plaintiff ie liti~lous. Thus,
UiJ:<IAnl:ll.I.l<Q doe, not control the pueent ca.., and thi_ court
.hould permit Defendant to introduce evidane. of Plaintiff',
law.llit aqainat hie former amploy.r at the trial ot the inetant
maUer.
IV. COMCI.U.IO"
For the reaaonS aet forth previously, p.t.ndlnt reep.otfully
requeeta your Honorabla Court to deny Plaintiff'e Hot ion in
Limine and parmit Oafendant to introduc. evidence at the
termination at Plalntiff'e contract with CVA and Plaintiff"
lawllllt a9ainet cVA ariein9 trom luah termination on the ieeu. of
10le of earnin9 capaoity in the in.tant c....
nespectfully submltt.d,
WIX, WENO~R . WEIDNER,
~ .
. ~...)-;. (j I ( J if
BY' ,t., .ii.L.~-,-_
ft c Ird"lC--iJlii, Eiqlffr.
1.0. I 01374
~ttorney' for Defendant
4705 ouke atr.et
"arrisbury, VA 1110~-)OI'
(71'/) 653-1455
8
"
I Cera"lc" "lolfj(llOlli. In tl.a Hurllil,ulY uei!, We .01,,\
l l0Wfltlom.. .r~~ ~0'id0..
) I'fCHn 'u to 'i';>> 1 hil~ my own company, the
4 Curnrt~.. t !tit at a C"mpany, III~ d.vlIl ope re tor cl hnt I
!l and 101<1 townhom... i1fH' ((induminluml, f'JoIQ'!i1 until' "/ I
6 opantlf<t tbe CIHrlll1 lh.l fetate Cl.Impoany.
" Q Ok.y, 14.. that L1Hhnnt IIHln the company you
e talk .~out In '!il Lo 1,'1
fI ,,110, e.,,'. c(,itllv"ny, a.m. (o",p_ny. 1 gu... .- '1'7
10 1 went to wOlk tor M,tllughton Homel,
11 Q Ale you fr.eantly .mploy.d by them?
1~ A Hisht,
II Q And what capaclty1
14 "eal..,
15 Q And wh'll In ',1 did you .t.~t with McNaughton?
16 ^ Yebru.ry,
1'1 0 And Why dilS you .n4 your bu.ine.. and go to
II work tor Mc".u~hton1
Ii ^ MOltly c..h flow, too axpan.ive to k.ep my
~o bualn... ilt th.t t 1111',
JI Q Ok.y, I. that related to y()ur accident Ind
a2 Injurl.. or othlir economio factDr.?
J) A Oa'liU" ot the Iccldent Ind beln~ out of work,
~4 I hild I~p.nded lum. of monay .nd did not have income, not
J~
lilwUlJh InCl.",a
IH.,l "'Grli lI"l,aIl8.a tll.n inGome, bec/luae I
____ _____ ........~_.___^',.,.,<O"<,,..-._.__"__
\)j \(.
II
1 that, a/1(1 we dil1. And I rail.. to) wwlk to do da"alll{,m.ntal
2 project. hare.
3 Q Okay. So at that point In time when you called
4 Mr. C.ranio I take It you w.rt stili in the HeW Jsr..v
!) arn?
6
A
Cornet.
7 0 Okay, And so he Indicated he w.e going to be
8 doin~ a project in Harrisburg, snd he hirsd you for that
t project?
10 A Correct.
11 Q What wa. the nams of that project?
12 A Sunguild Condominium..
1] 0 oh, okay. So you were aelling th..e unit.
14 where you eventually ended up living?
15 A There wa.
16 Q Or earlier phase?
17 A an sarli.r phsse.
18
19
20
o
A
o
Okay.
Ie where I etarted.
In -- why is it you left Mr. Ceranic'.
21 employment?
22 A The raaaDn for that waR to have my own
23 busineas, to receive more of the income and not to have to
24 split it with him.
25 0 Okay, During that tour year period or '0,
\~ l!
9
_.... -_....._.~.__. ..--~' ,,~-,----"~-'-'----' --_......_~,
1 whatever it wae, YO\I were jUlt 18111119 I.lIHHJuil<t
2 Condominiume, 1s that correct?
1
4
!i
"
Q
A
Now, we're talkinQ about the period --
The 'I' to "1 period?
We had the Sunyuild .eetlon. Th.re wa. fiv.
Ii buildinQe. And we had another condominium, liun9ulld Ill.
7 There wae three buildinge. And then we went in to N.w
8 Cumberland, lluntu-'. Ridge, and there was IS unit. there.
!l
Q
Okay. Let me -- the unit that you were livin~
10 in at the time of your accident III November of un, when
11 did you purchase that?
12 A It WI' .bout April or May of 1"5.
II 0 Okay. And wa. -. wa. that in lun~uild l11 that
14 you've deecribed?
1!l
"
Yee, ye..
16 Q So you had prevloully sold .om. at the other
17 unit. in that development?
18 A They wen all .old by m. or at my ...iltanc. by
19 au.
20
n
22
23
24
2S
o
A
o
A
o
Okay.
There might have been on. or two in 1"0, but
And at the time we. Mr. c.rania the dev.loper?
No.
Who wa. the developer?
\!} '1
1
:l
1\
o
"
0kAY.
I bought that unit In probablY lat. 'I', and
1 Ilv.4 th'f' throu~h late "1.
4
!)
f; th.n.
'1
.
"
.
o
Q
Okay.
In '.1 I bDu~ht . townhou.. In York and liVid
"
Q
Ukay. And you liVId thar. until your marrllg.'
Yuh, y..h.
All right. Whln you ori9in.lly op.ned your
10 r.al ..t.t. ~Dmp.ny in '91, wh.rl 101" your ottic.?
11
"
1;l C'wr.};lrland,
1)
o
14
"
1!
o
Hi
"
1'7
o
1lI ofti!:ll
Iii
"
At tha Huntlr'l Rid~a dlVllopmlnt in UIW
In your unit whir. you wire living?
Not In my plrlonal unit, no.
you h.d an actual otfic.J
Mod.l horn., offiCI.
All right. ,t,nd how lon9 did that umdn yQur
w.lI, that loin ilbOllt July of 'no 'Th.n in
20 October or "[Jvln.ter ot 'U we he,i anoth.r mo".l hOIll4l
21 Dftlcl In York.
22
o
2J
"
H
{)
(JkilY. You lIlilY WI hid anoth.r modell
Will. m.. rh. editorial 101..
All right. In . did you atlrt ..lling unit.
25 tor III clliVlI\t'l,mllr,t III YOlkl
\ '\ \ \
13
14
15
16
1'7
19
19
20
21
22
2)
24
25
14
-. --- -- ~ -.. ,-...,'. .,.----".-.-.- -_. .. ....- .<.-~--,~,,--.- -'-~- - ---.- ._- . ._.--~.~
1
2
)
4
A
o
A
o
V...
Uk.y. Whit d.v.lopm.nt WI, that?
Th. d.v.lopm.nt nlm. WI' Wopdlln. V1.w.
ok.y. And who wu th. dn.loptr .t wopdhn,
5 Vhw?
Ii A ("'lltol VI,w AuociaUI, .thlt'. uL.
., 0 Ok.y, And dill YOIl h'VI, I t.k. It, .om. type
e of.n .gr..mlnt with C.pltol V1.w A.loei.t.sl
, A V...
10 0 Ok.y. Whit WI' th. natul' At your Igr.,mlnt
11 with them?
12 A Mlrk.tlng Igr..m.nt to ..11 .5 townholTi'. It
Woodlln. View,
o And CAn you ju.t brhtly t.U m. how that
work.d? I m..n, would you h.v. .- did yoll hav. Ilk. In
.xclusive right to ..11 tho.. hom.., or ~ould th.y 1.11
th.m on thdr own It."
A It w" morl of .n .~clu.1vl right.
\) ok.y, Anti w.. thell lik. a fix"! t.. plr \101\:1
A ThuI WU.
o 1I0w WI' your (;vmmlluionl
A Thon WII iI "IITlntlg. ilmount "'1' unit.
o ok.y. ',rc.ntilge of thl purch... prlcl?
^ Cornet.
o
And how lona WIHfI Y()\j I..ocht.l! w1th Woodhnlll
1'\
\;,,\
14
__.__._.o-_'_"_'N,_,~~,,",_'~_~~~~~,e~'_""~'~~_'_~_C~_',_,_ ...~_.,~e".._._~'__~__'__'._'U___'__"__''"'>~''____'''_'__.~._~-
1 0 Purin~ th~ time that you were marketln~ the
2 Woodlane View, did you have anyone that wa. .ith.r
3 employed by YOu or a..ociated with you in .010' manner?
4
!\
(i
'7
A
o
A
o
Ye..
Okay. And who WII that?
Marge Shook, aeorg. Sylv'lter, Mich.el Rayburn.
An(l were the.. all people that wen ..Utni on
8 commi..ioll baat.?
II
10
11
A
o
^
Yeah, aales a..ociat.., Y'"
Okay. You didn't con.ider them employ...?
In a technical ..n'e of the word, nQ.
12 0 I m.an, in other worde, did you withhold, pay
13 Social Becurity?
14 A They were independent contractore within my
15 real ..tate company.
16 0 Okay. All right. Now, did you lay it wa,
17 .ometime in the beginning of "t thdt you believe that the
18 Woodlane View project hid .old out?
III A Well, the Woodlane View project Wit running out
20 of unite by the end of '93. And the dev.loper .tarted .
21 new development at the end of '93.
22
23
o
A
okay.
And the slles officI and model were mov.d to
24 the new development at the end of '9l. And w. w.re
25 selling both developments simultaneously.
1'11, \1\
1
~
J
4
5
6
'7
8
II
10
11
1:1
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
:11
2:l
:l3
24
25
17
A Yu.
o okay. Now, in telme of your agreement with
Capitol View Allociates, who had terminat.d the agreem.nt.
You or th.m?
A Officially they did.
o Okay. Unofficially?
A Well, unofficially I did.
o All right. Well, t.ll me what hlppened.
MR. SIlAGINI Y.ah.
BY MR. WIXI
o Tell me what happened. What wa. the problem?
Why was the agreement ended?
A BueinelB realone.
o Well, you need to tell me what the bu.in..s
reaeon. were.
A They wanted to change the contract, and I did
not.
o Okay.
MR. SI~GINI Could We go oft the record tor one
lecond? I think I can help you h.re.
IDiscu..ion held off the record.'
BY MR. WIXI
o As I understand it from our off the record
disculsion, you're presently in litigation with Capitol
View Alsociates over that contractj is that correct?
~, ILl
18
0
county?
A
0
A
0
A
0
suit?
A
Q
f?J' ,~
1
2
3
4
S
6
'7
8
9
10
11
1:l
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
n
n
23
24
25
19
o All right. All right. Well, then .- and this
termination of the agreement was somewhere around July of
'94 ?
A Officially July --
MR. SllAGINI Excuse me. July of 1991.1?
BY MR. WIXI
o '95, okay. I'm sorry.
A Of '95.
o July of '9S. Let me come back a couple months
before that. In the early part of 1995 how many
associates did you have working for your company at that
point in time?
A One.
0 okay. Geraldine?
A No.
0 Who was that?
A Vincent Corrao, C-O-R-R-A-O.
0 Okay. And did he l.ave because of your
termination of the agreement with Capitol View? Or did he
leave for other reaBon8?
A No.
o If you know? No what? I guesB I asked you two
questions.
MR. SllAOINI Yeah, if you could, could you
break those down, pleaBe?
fD. 1'1
20
1 BY MR. WIX,
2 0 Well, let me aimplify. Why did Mr. Corrao
3 leave his association with you?
4 A It was related to that contractual diapute.
5 0 okay. Do you know who he works for now?
6 A I think he hu his own company, his own
'7 brokerage company.
8 0 All right. So when did Miss Noveaal start
9 working for you?
10 A I think either mid-October to very early
11 November. But I think it was October of 1995.
12 0 All right. And where is she presently
13 employed?
14 A I don't know.
15 0 Okay. How long did ahe continue to work tor
16 you?
17 A Until February of '97.
18 0 When you went out of business?
19 A Right.
20 0 And you don't know whare she went to work at
21 that point in time?
22 A That's correct.
23 0 lIave you had any contact with her Ilnel
24 February of '9'7?
25 A Two, maybe thue timu.
PJ . :m
....__. '_' ._ .., -- r ." _._..~. 'e_ .--------.-
1
o
--,----_.. .._---'-^<-.., ~_.' -,-. ",--.,,"'.-
Okay. Whoro do.. .ha liv.1
2
A
)
o
4
A
s
o
6
A
'7
o
8
A
,
o
Campllil1.
Do you know whore In Camp Iii 111
I think it'. on Now York Avenu..
An~ i. .ho married1
YII.
What'. her hu.band'. nam.1
I'm .erry. I don't remember right now.
All right. Ok.y. Now, lot" go bllck th.n to
10 tho t.ll of "~So obvioully.t .0100 .. well, .olu.lly lllte
11 summer, by July, you knew your relationahlp with c.pltol
12 Viow wa. coming to an ond or w.. anding, is th.t corr.~t1
1)
A
14
o
Th.t'. correct.
All right, Wh.t were your plan. than In tlrmo
1S ot your real e.tatl buein.e.1
16
A
Well, In July of 'n 1 think we h.d .bout 15
1'7 unite remaining to be closed,
11
o
u
A
Ok.y.
And I planned to ju.t t.k. CUI at tholl
:10 through the en~ ot September of 'n. I\ttlr th.t 1 "lInn.r!
21 to yo into -- have my own comp.ny, yo into re.alee .n~
22 rlntele tor p.at clllnts and now client.. plue, you krww,
2) could paleibly ottoln othlr dlv.lopere too,
24
o
okay, I take it then from th.. way you're
a IUlewerin'J thall it that IJoint in tlmll you Wlrll thinkirH.J
-- ._,-- ~----~^ ..-'-- ,_._---~~--~--- .. -- ,__,,_-^---,'~~'--"~'.- ..--~..- .,- --,...---..,' -"""~,~",,,,,-,,,,-,,,,,-,~~,,,,~,,,,,----------"""""".~-~~'""''''''''''---''''-
\~ ;1\
22
_~.__.__.__ __'_'" _~"__,._.~~...,. ". ,',v_. ,<_ .... _.__ ~'_'___."_.""'_"__" .,_ ;,....._ _,,"_,., .....___"__~_.______.__^_".~,_~.'___m..___~____..,,_ _.~-..._-._""_.
1 10010 In the lines of, I gUIIlIS, what I would IItyle mOlo
2 typical lell estlte slles?
)
Woll, prDbably to have a portion of the
"
4 bUlln.as be more like you would call typiclI, plu. to have
b a portion ot the bUllinals for developarll.
"
Okay. Well, l.t mo aak you thi.. A. of the
"
Q
'7 time of YOIJr hll in November 15th of I l/5, had you linad
8
up any dovolDpet. to maka arrangemento ouch .s you had had
~
~ in the put?
10
^
No, thoro w.ren't any linad up at that tima,
Okay. Were you working on any d.al. like that
11
\)
I~ that hid not yot been finalized?
H
A
Not .paciflcally, no.
Okay. So that woult' I bo cornet that between
If> the end of Ihoptambu' Ind November Uth, which re.lly 11
16 only about a oix waak period of timo, at that point in
1'7 tlmo YOII waro ba.ically looking for lilting. and looking
1. tor pto.poctive buy.r. tnt.ro.ted in purah..ing
19 relldllntial unit.?
14
o
I wa. dolny that at that tim., and other
Okay. Other thing., what were tho other thing.
21 you Wllta doing?
20
A
21 t h I fig II .
n
Q
24
^
2b .ulIl'chtlil.
Well, 1 wae in the proce.. of hiring a .al..
-- - _"--'_'''''-'''-~''''''''--~-'''-''''-''''''''.",-~.'..","'<->':'''-"",.'''''~.,....''''''''~
\~j . ::L).
. .
"
....~I""'.....'tL ".1.".~"$"'p.
It 0' ~ ..~.s~';g
'.. .. ',""'."-'-~'J
(:i;
t,~41; pj Hi'_.M j".p i, ~.;
LAW On,cn
SHAQIN & ANSTINE LLC
P.O, 80. lelll
H.....II.UAO. PINHlnVANIA 111011-12211
-='o;,)t,},,--~...,:.;:--,,~...;.'.;...,,,,~..;.;-. ..
. .......
I'luvillclllll 'I hUlllhy M AIIMtlnc, AlIurucy hiI' 1'1"'lIlith. UlIllllklulIllll. Wh, AlIllrucy fur
IlcfclIllulIl.
IlV TIIIl COllin:
J.
According to PI.lntiff" deposition te.tlmony, the relevant
portions of which are .ttached hereto as ~whibit "A" and
incorporated herein by reference, he ha. worked mo.tly "lllng
rsal e.tate during hi. adult life. (Exhibit "A," Depo. p. 1).
lie has mainly aold townhomell and condominium.. (Exhibit "A,"
nepo. p. '7). From 1991 until 1991, Plaintiff had his own
company, the curreri Real Eetate company. (~xhiblt "A," Depo. p.
6). In 1991, hi. company began to .ell unite for the Woodlene
View (hereafter "WV") development In York, I'enneylvania.
(Exhibit "A," Depo. p. 11-1~). The developer on the project wa.
Capitol View AIsociate. (hereafter "CVA"). (Exhibit "A," Depo.
p. 12). plaintiff had a marketing agr8llment with CVA to ..11 9~
townhomee at Woodlane view. (EXhibit "A," nepo. p. H). II. had
the exolu.ive right to eel1 these home. on a commle.lon b..la.
(Exhibit "A," Depo. p. l~). 118 .0111 horn" at WV \lntil the
projeot eold out in 1994. (Exhibit "A," oepo. p. la-ll) , froll
1991 to 1994, approximately 9~ psreent, it not more, of
plaintiff'S time anll effort wa. "1'Junt on the wv Ilevelol1ment.
(Exhibit "A," Ilel'o. p. ll), anti liB had three intiel).nllent
contract ore workinq with hh company s.I11I1'j \Illite .t WV Oil I
commiesion basi.. (EXhibit "A," Uepo. p. 14).
In 1993, b.fore WV .old out, Plaintiff bagln .elling units
at the Crown point development In Ynrk, renneylvanla, (~lChlblt
~
"A," oepo. p. 14-11) I allo dlvl10pld by eVA. U:lChlblt "A," ClpO.
p. 14). plaintift did not ..11 aU ot thl.1 unitl. (J:llhibit
"A," Dlpo. P 1&). Hl. laut olo.ing on thi, project WI' s.pt.mb.r
lO, 19115. (EKhibit "A," oepo. p. 15). IIi, mark.ting Iqr..ment,
thouqh, with CVA had come to an end In July of 111115. (EKhlblt
"A," Dlpo. p. 6). By November or 1995, he had one lale.
a"oolat. workinq with him, (Exhibit "A," Pepo. p, 15), which wa.
the ume nurnbn he IlIIt1 had in thl ..rUn part ot lIlII!l. (EKhibit
"A," Dlpo. p. 111). CVA oftioially terminated the agreement due
to buslne.s rlasonB/ CVA wanted to chanqe the contract Ind the
l'hintitt did not. (EXhibit "A," Popo. p. 1"1). 1'1II1ntHt S-
pre..ntly involv.d In litigation with CVA In I suit pendlnq In
the curnbllrllnd county Court of Common Plea. rlrJlntlnq thl
contrlot. (EKhiblt "A," Depo. p. 11-18). The lale. I..oolate
Pl.intitr had wurklnq for him in the e.rly part Df 111115 111ft due
to this contrlot dl.put.. (Exhibit "A," Dlpo. p. 111-20).
At thll time of Plaintirf'. fall on November Ill, 199', he had
not lined up any new developer., nor wa. ha working on tryinl) to
finalize de.le ot the .ort he hid had wlth eVA. (~lChibit "A,"
ilOilO. p. aa).
;)
11. 'TATIM!NT or QUIITION. IMVO~VID
A. /ilIiOUI.O I!:VIDt:HCE OF Tt:RHINA'I'ION 0' I'l,AIWUrr'1I HARJ<lTIIlO
CONTRACT a't III S fOrtHt:R r'HI'W'tt:R iii ADHI1"U:O AT 1'"1
'l'fUAr, or fl..Altfrftl"B I'UIIWIlAL IIlJUR't AC'I'ION AClAlHlIT T"1l
DEFENDANT WII/':IHt Il\JCIl /;;VIlH,IlCK 16 IIf.J.I:VANT TO
I'I.AlNTlf'f"B J,Of:!!l Of t,AkllIlHl CAI'Al'l1"t1
PropouMd An.w.~1 'ltil.
II. tlllOUI.U t::VJlllHCI;; 01' A liJ:l'AIlAlY. I.AWIHJI'l' MAJtnAWIW IW
1'l.AlNTlt'I' PE ADHI'I'lW AT A '110"1, toll 1'lt.RI>oIlAl,
IIl,JlJ/Il/W Wllt:ltt: li\Jell I~VJlJlIIC'I!: III unt.VAti'(' '1'0 Tilt:
UETERHINATIOIl or PI.AIIITltf'U (noH or lAllllllla CAPACITY,
All 'fIIE SEPARATE tWIT AliDEI! tllOH '1I1E TlllMII<ATIOlI OF
1'1.AIWI'lI'Y'S MAlilll'I'IIHi (Olnk"!"I' IH tlnJ tOkHlli t:MI'I.o'l!:."1
Propoled "nlwerl 'lUI.
Ill. UOUMl:NT
A. IICAU'! BVIDBNel OF TMI TlaNINATION or ~LAINTIFr"
KARIITINO CONTRACT IV HI' roaNla EMtLOVIR I' RILIVAN'
TO TNI lieU! or LO" or ~A.NINQ CA'AetTY IN ,LAINTlrr',
PIR80NA~ INJURY ACTION AQAINST DIFINOANT 8UNOUILO, IT
'NOULD I' ADNITT.O.
IJ/llhit' 1'llInlylvanl. law, .."I''-"IL6I IIIlB.t I.. bolh l,'OPIJ'lt.nt Ind
relevant to be allllllulbl.. 'l'd1hU.IJ. v. Jl.IwUi"MJlnvUl.l.:lail",
421 I'a. flul"'!" ZlJ4, 611 A.2ft H6, ijO~-ij()J (/\ilJ~l. j;:"ldl/lCII J.
rehivant IUlll tll.rt.trHe a/lllll..II". It It "'III ICHJ/I'.lly or
[ea.nnably tendll tn ~ru", ur dl.~tuv, Ii IIllterlal tact III 1'11""
121 t...nrl. to prove ur .1I1IJtuV" " ",It.rlll het In i.au., (1)
tend. to 1Il4ke .uch a fact lIlote nr lei. prub"ble, OJ 141 .ttordl
tll.. b..11 tor or uuppnrte . reaaunable infer.nulI PI' pre,ulIlption
r.yardln~ the .wletencl of . lIl"terllt teut.'"
'1'IIlHOUQ, Ill.. All rellvlnt "vlaence ,tlC,ula bll .utllllth4 \jnhn I
.
puticulu rull bin H.III I"mi..lon. Ingl'>~~,~ltW I'IlUllItWU
'g~, 40' PI. oup.r. 46a, &,. A.ad ago, att (1"1), .>>>>..1 ~u1ad,
lUll PI. 6U, 6011 A.id 314 (lua). 'l'h. trial court'1II "hid
Doncern i. to allow th. jury to heir III evidlno. relevant to the
i..ue blinQ dloidld Ind to IMolude only that .vldenoe whIch II
lo.Idllllulbl1l III a mltter of law or unduly p"ejudi':1aI. CJWt1LY..
AltluL,UJ1JiUnM,1l11alCllflLU4!iQrUII111 U1v.. 405 \'a. Buplr.
Jill, !lIU A.llt 120, nil (llllii), AP>>11l L1'1I1.~, 1)29 Va. 644, to;'
A.ad 81l!! (1992). It .hould bl notld that thl Vennlylvlnll Rul.'
of Evtdlnoe, which wlr. recently adoptld, are eftectiva October
1, un ami thllrefora 110 nOt -f'ply to till Inlt.nt cau. (II.. PI.
ILE. 101 lJt .IQ., dhctivI o,~totllH I, 19l1l1).
"Earnln~ capacity" tor purpo... ot determlnlnV dlmI9.. tor
10.. th.reot, pertains to an Inlured pIII.on'8 eQQng.to harllon,
Ilut hili Aotual Innlrll".. 111l1dv.~IlUUu l'JlLUlllWUl:lh, U'J 1'1.
I, !l88 ".ad 1, 1 (11191) (emph..I. Supplied). HDraavat, it
fllllintitf'. SilHIlIl'iM .UVJilSrJUlJllt to hie inlury, .. VUllIlliUIIIJ with
IIi. llArlllnljll lit thll tlPl" uf in1ury, UII marlllv lllvllianc., but fjllt
conolu.lv8 svl<Jencs, .. to whstlllr hi. ..rnlnQ vapaultv h.. been
IUl1llnhlH.d by the Acnld..nt III Ituutl/Jn. liillIUn V~
MAlIUtJUit.luU'. L1uM. . lluL!;g.. ltn I'.. U, I U ". ad iU, U1
(1!l!1'I). In the I1US at tin, till lalmlnation pt the marketln\)
conllAct b.tll/ul/l 1'llIIntitr and eVA, hI. fponlr 'Hllflloy.", 1.
!l
dlr.otly r.levant plaintiff's economio hori.on at the time of the
accld.nt in que.tion, Such .vid.ncI tend. to .how that
Plaintiff'e eoonomlc horizon w.e waning .t the time of hl.
Injury. plaintiff admitt.d that 91 percent, if not more, of his
time and effort durin9 the yure 19111 throUclh 1994 were epent
seUin\l unite for CVA pUUlIant to the a\lreemlnt. (Ellhlbit "A,"
Oepo. p. Ill. 1I0wllver, he did not .ell all of the unite at the
Crown point development for eVA, and Plalntiff'e marketinq
agreement with CVA was terminated by eVA in July of 111111, .everal
monthe before Plaintiff fell and broks hi. leg. (ellhibit "A,"
Oepo. p. 16). At the tlm. of hi. Injury, plaintiff did not have
a new developer to work for, nor wa. he working on finalizing any
deale like the one h. had with eVA. (Exhibit "A," Oepo. p. 221.
The.. taot. Ire relevent to thia case bacIU" they .how, at a
minimum, that plaintiff'e bu.lne.. wae decrsaaing betore the time
ot hi, injury. It the Jury i. permitted to view plaintiff" tax
return. and compare hi. larnin98 before the acoident a. compered
to tho.e after the accident without knDwinv of lhe termination of
the a9reement, It will be deprived of the true llloture of
l'laintiff'lI economlo horizon. 'I'ha probative value of thi.
ev idence certdnl y outweighe It. l'rejudic Id effect, and
therefore, thl. eourt should adroit evidence gf termination of tho
atoremontioned markotin\l contract at trial.
II
I. IIOAU.I IVIDINCI or A ."..ATI ~A"UIT
MlINTAINID IV '~AINTI'r AGAIN.T HII 'OAMII
IM.LOVII '01 TIRMINATION 0' 'LAINTI,r'l
NAJ..TINd CONT.AOT I' MILIVANT TO THI 1"UI
or .LAINTI,r', LO.' 0' WAOI. AND Lo.' or
I..NINO CAUCITY Ul "I.AINTI"" t'lIlIONAL
INJUIV ACTION AOAIN" PlrlNDANT .UNOUILD,
IT 'MOULD .. ADMITTID.
As .tll.d In A1IJllu."nt A. lIUjll.ll, thlll COUI t ahoula .4!!1it
relevant lIvidence which 1M not ~leclud.d by Another rule or law
and which ill not ulHlldy l.re'lhl1elal. In hili Illllwaltion
le.llmony, l'laintlrr curreri a.lmlttllll lhat hll I. l'u..ntly in
litiuatlan with CVA In . .ull ~andlnu In tha Cumbarland county
court ot Cornman PIa.. r.~.rdlng termination ot the above-noted
oontraot. (Ewhiblt "A," D.po. p. 17). The ault Ie diraotly
relataa to the termination or tha atorllm.ntloned m.rketinQ
agl'aament, Plalntiff'e maIn .ourell ot I.u.lneea Ilwome, amI
tharatora ralev.nt to the ....~.mllnt or Plalntltt'a econOmiQ
horhon. 'I'he inat.nt cue, thanrore, III Illatln<Juleh.bla trom
uin:Alu;...~g .'1, lakAm,lnl:", 414 I'.. fHII'.r. In, 6U A.24 U9
(IU94), auu.ll u[anla~, 540 P.. ~U9, 655 A.ld 9~U (19V~), .~l
d1u1utu1 AI 1uUJl1.lv1l1antlY \Junua, ~4J I'a. 6n, 6H A.llt H4
pIIYel) which I. clt." In I'hlnllrt'. Ihl.!. UU[~u.;.'l.iQ \<In a
,lrtHhwt.. l1abl11t.V i1dlun. 1hlil IlUI1Ulol' Court in Uif".Ull<"1AI
hllld that IIvi"liInelil of a prior IIl1rllhttd lawlult. ar1l1lnll frulll an
automnblllil accident wa. I'rol'.rly IIwoluded beg.II.. It ala nat
1I1ll'I'ort the aFJumllnt th.t UIII 11"\11111... wllre Iltlljlollll
I
individuAls. 434 Pa. ,uplr. at __~, 64J A.aa at 131. Unlike the
applllants in UllltnQalQQ, Pltlndant Bun9uild in thl OIS. at bar
wieha. to otter aueh .vldlnee on thl Illue at Vlalntitt'.
economlo horizon, not ta ahow that. l'hintHt ill litI910u" 'fhu.,
D-U'.Unc..J<.g do.. not Gont.rol thl prelsnt cus, ana thil court
IIhould purmit Dltendant to Introduce evidlnce ot Vlaintltf'l
law.ult au.ioet hi. former emploYlr at the trial ot the In.tant
metter .
IV. CONCLUUOM
ror thl reaaona Bet forth pravlou.ly, Det.naent r"plottull'
raqu..t. your Honorable Court to d.nv Plalntitr', Hotion In
Llmin. and permit pefendant to introduce evidence ot the
termination of Vlalotitf', contract with CVA and Plaintltf'.
lawlult au.lnat CVA arl.lou from .ueh tsrmination on the I.sut of
10" at .arnin9 capacity In the in.tent c....
Re.plcttully Submltt.a,
WlX, Wt.:llG/tlt , WIUPlU!R,
l. .
~~" ' (l i ( J. ,/
BV I J' , .X f . f,..,_~ .
I\cnar'3U: W!lI,r8qi1li.
t. P. I OH14
Attorn.v' tUf p.f.n~ant
410~ Puke $t..et
lIurhbufU, I'A l'1100~10"
PH) na."!)~
II
6
_...__~,.." ,._.~,__'_. ___ ___. __,_,_ ...__ __w_. .__.___ .,__~._____._ -- -.- .--....,
1 ceranic ~ A..ociltel in the H.rrilbur~ Irel. We lold
2 townhomee and condoe.
3 Fl'om · n to' IS I had my own con1i,eny, the
4 Curreri Real Eetete Compeny. Had dlveloperl tor client.
~ and .old townhome. and condominium.. From ." until "1 I
6 operated the curreri Real ~state Company.
'1
o
Okay. Wu that different than the company you
8 telk about in 'il to "5?
9
^
No, lime company, lima company. I gues. -. 'll7
10 I went to work for McNaughton Homes.
11
Q An you presently employed by them?
A Right.
0 And what capacity?
'" Sales.
0 And when in '9'7 did you .tart with MeN1uwhton1
A February.
0 And why did you end your busine.s and go to
work tor McNaughton?
12
13
14
1!)
16
17
18
19
A
Mostly cash flow, too expensive to keap my
20 busine.s et that time.
21
o
Okay. Is that related to your accident and
22 injurie. or other economic factors?
2J
Decau.. of the accident and bainy out of work,
A
24 I had expended .um. of money and did not have income, not
25 enough income .- had more expensel than incomo, becaule I
prj \(,
1 was out of work. So in my mind 1 w.. too far behind to
~""""",<""",,,,,,,,,,~<'__<_U"__"'._"_'._""'~.,..~..~._,....__._,_~.__.__.._~._.~ ....._"..-.._.---~-"'---.-._.._".-..."~~
2 continue,
3
o
Ok.y. 1 take It though trom listoning to your
4 experience that your adult life ha. beon pretty much in
s .alling roal .otate?
Ii
'7
8
A
9
o
A
10
11
o
12
A
13
o
^
Yoo, fir.
o
And particuhrly condominium.?
Townhomo. and condominium., y.., .ir.
Prior to your preeent wite, were you married?
No.
So thi. was your firat marrlaue?
Ye..
You indicated in 'S6 to '91, in that period,
14 you were employed by the Curreri .- I'm aorry, c.ranlc ..
15 ceunlc Company In the lIarri.burg area?
16
A
o
1'7
Right.
okay. Wa. thnt when you first elm. to the
18 Harriaburg area, in 1186'
19
A
20
o
Yel.
Okay. And whet I. it that brought you to the
21 Harrloburg area from Pittaburgh?
22
A
Well, I had bUll ill contact with Mr. Ceranic.
21 And having worked for him befon, ellprnlUld intuut in
24 the opportunity to work Oil additional develDpment. Dr
25 projects. And he informed me that he wag going to obtain
fit, .,
,j
I
__.____._.__~....._~,~.,'"'~..,,_~~._...~.'''_ _v,.,"_w"~~_.'''_ __"_~._~,~...".,, ^'....._.. ..." h__.. '''''.,.' _"__~_'M
1 whAtever it was. you w.re just 1.111ng Sunguild
2 Condominiums, i. that correct?
J
4
5
A
Now, we're talking about the period --
The '86 to '~1 period?
W. had the Sunguild section. There was five
o
A
6 building., And we had another condominium, Sunguild 111.
'7 There wa. three building.. And then we w.nt in to New
8 Cumberland, Hunter', Ridge, and there WIS 85 unite there.
9
o
Okay. Let me -. the unit that you were living
10 in at the time of your accident in November of l!I95, wh.n
11 did you purchase that?
12
A
13
o
It was about April or May of l~'S.
Okay. And was -- was that in Sunguild 111 that
14 you've deacribed?
IS
A
Q
16
Yes, ye8.
So you had previously sold some of the othar
1'7 unit. in that development?
19
^
19 1989.
20
o
21
A
22
2J
o
24
A
25
o
They were all sold by me or at my ulietlnee by
okay.
There might have besn one or two in 19'0, but
And at the time wae Mr. Ceranic the developer?
No.
Who was the developer?
9
t
t
(!} '1
10
_._~__.___~_ ._,.~__..,. __0'.'-__
~.~-~_.._.._._----_., -,.',"' ~"'~"-""-"-'
A Butllr Joint Vjnlur..
o I ~UI'I did Mr. Clr.nlo hlv, a llltin~ for lh.
1.1.. of th... unit.,
A Mu~.tin\l '11r..mlnt, )i.tinjJ.
a And w.n you (HI' ,.hry or a commiuion Qr
co",bin.t ion?
A co~ni..lon only.
a And Sungulld III had .11 originally b..n lold
out by'" i. your b..t r.coll.ction?
A V...
a Okay. And 10 .ft.r that you wire IIll1ng thl,
llunter'l Ridgl?
A Corr"t.
a And th.n you d.tumlnali th.t you \0/0\114 WO into
bu.in... tor your..lf?
A Corrlct.
Q All rlllht. Now, In .. at that point in UU,
whln werl you Uvin\ll
A In li" I liVId in .- 4t the Hunt.r'. Rldlle
dlVllopm.nt In Hew C\lmb.rl.nd'
o OkIY, 01,1 you mOIl I unit, lJr WUI you nntin'J?
A VI', YIs.
o And did you l;ontlnul tp Uv. th.u untH yqU
bought the
1
;I
)
4
&
6
7
.
i
10
11
14
13
14
U
16
17
18
U
;/0
21
n
H
H
;/5
A
H'l.
. -- -'-'.-~ ".-- -.. ~>-~._."--,~.-._., ....----..... - ---_....._---~---"',._~--~"...
l~ Il,
11
1 0 Okay.
~ A I bought that unit in probably lat. '8', and
3 lived there through latl "1.
4 0 okay.
S A In '91 I bought a townhou.e in York and lived
6 then.
'7 0 Okay. Nld you lived therl until your marriage?
8 A Yeah, yeah.
, 0 All right. When you originally opened your
10 real e.tate company in '91, where was your office?
11 A At the Hunter'. Ridge development in New
U CUmberland.
1) 0 In your unit where you were living?
14 A Not in my pereonal unit, no.
IS 0 You had an actual office?
16 A Model home, offiCI.
1'7 0 All right. And how long did that remain your
18 offiCI?
l' A Well, that wa. about July ot '91. Then in
20
21
2~
2l
24
25 tor a development in York?
October or November of '91 we had another model home
office in York.
0 Okay. You say we had another model ?
1\ Well, me. The editorial we.
0 AU right. In did you start eelling uni t.
----p~----_._----~>_._-.__.~~.
\:l)' \ \
1
~
3
4
5 Vhw1
6
'7
1 ~
--~-<,~-".,.,...~.~
^
v...
o
OklY, Whit d.v.lopm.nt WI' thlt?
Th. dev.lopm.nt nlm. WI' Woodl.n. vi.w,
Okay. And who WIS the develop.r At Woodlln.
^
o
A
Capitol View A..eclAt... That'. 01,.
o
OklY. And did you hav., 1 take it, 10m. type
8 of an Igreement with Clpitol View Allociltl.'
9
10
11 with them?
12
A
A
v..,
o
oklY. Whit WI' the nature of your Igr..mlnt
Mlrklting Igreement to 1.11 95 townhcm.s It
13 Woodllnl View.
14 0 And cln you jUlt bri.fly tIll m. how that
15 worked? I mean, would yeu hlVI .. did you have lik. .n
16 exclueive right to ..11 thol. hornn, or could th.y ,,11
1'7 them on th.ir own it -.
18
A
19
o
20
A
21
o
A
22
~3
o
H
A
25
o
It WIS more or an exclu.ive right.
Okay, And wu there lik. a fixed h. pn unit?
There WI',
llow WI' your commi..ion?
There WI' . percentage amount per unit.
oklY. r.rcenl/llye or the purchl.e price'
Cor rlct ,
And how lony wure you .a,ocl.tad with woodlan.
,'_",,_.c .",,,~,_'~_____",,^_'''.'~..'''.'."n.'' .,.__..___,__~..._.. .._ ,. .,.~,__.__..."_._.~_.,,,."__ ..,..~_..'''".'~--' ~__.H~' .... _... .-."'--' ".'...,.... ~ ~--... ....~--- ".-.-.....
P\
l~.t
view' UntU the ~)roject eventually eold out, I as.ume?
^ Ve., ot courae, it aold out.
Q Ok.y. How long did it take you to .ell out the
U unit.?
^ It ..... .ometime in 'g4 that, you know, my
...illnment there ..... completed.
Q Ok.y. Durin\J that nverel yeau, 'n to 'U,
whatever that time frame wae with .. when you were
a..od.ted with ..lling the Woodhne View unit., would you
b. working on other .al.., or w.e that excluaiv.ly your
eourc. ot income, the ..lee of that particular project?
I gu..e what I'm trying to find out is whether
you're like wh.t I would t.rm a typical real eltate
company, or you're aomawhat ditfarent than the Jack
aaughane or .om.one el.. like that?
^ Over to flueent ot my t im. and eUort, 95 or
high 10. f.re.nt, WI' .pent jUlt on the Woodllne vi.w
dev.lopment. There WI' a feW other opportuniti.e, but
they were not .. not by any m.an. the bigge.t area ot my
altent ion.
IJ Okay. And during th.t time freme, to the
extent that you would do any adverti.ement., would they
hava b..n directed primarily to the .ale ot tho.e unit. a.
l4 Gppoaed to tryin~ to drum up bu.ine.. oth.r placa.?
~~ ^ Yea.
8
I
10
11
12
U
14
a
H
11
11
11
20
;n
n
H
--------~_.- ~--.~-~.__... -,,~----,----'_._-_.-'.--_.~-'."~ _ .~- --...-.----------.
1
2
)
4
S
6
1
'.- ~.'.'" ,- - ._~._--~..-..,--~ --~~.~".......-.....,...~.-,......=._.~--~--
Ij' I.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
'7
Q
14
......---~--"---.~-<-...-...........,.,.._.,"..-.-"""-_......-.,-...'^..-.^-~---
During th~ time that you were marketln~ the
Woodlane View, did you have anyone that wae eith.r
employ.d by you or a..oclated with you in ,orne manner?
A y...
9
10
11
A
o
A
o
A
Q
Okay. And who was than
Marge Shook, Oeorgl sylVI.ter, Mlchlll Mlyburn.
And were the.e all people that w.re ..11Inw on
8 commi..ion buil?
Yeah, .ale. a..oclat.., y...
Okay. You didn't con.ider them .mploy...?
In a t.chnical ..n.e of the word, no.
12 Q I mean, in other word., did you withhold, pay
13 Social security?
14 A They were independent contractor. within my
15 real eltate company.
16 0 Okay, All right. NoW, did you lay It 101"
1'7 sometime in the beginning of '94 th.t you believe that the
18 Woodlane View project had lold out?
19 A Well, the Woodlane View project wa. funning put
20 of unite by the end of '91. And the develop.r .talt.d ·
21 new development at the end of '93,
n
23
o
A
Okay.
And the sal.. office and mod.l w.re moved to
24 the new d.v~lopm.nt at the end of ' jJ. Ami we wire
25 y~llin9 both developmente slmultaneou.ly,
,_.~~_~__'__~<'~__.... ._.....' ._...__.,._.._._...~.<,.u."____._..,,,.._..-.~~-.-,.-.--_.~._.d,
PI III
16
1 0 Where we. .he working?
2 A Sh. we. working for the Curreri Re.l i.tate
3 Comp.ny. And w. had our office in M.cheniceburg .t that
4 time. I had my office in Mechaniclburg at thet time.
S 0 Ok.y. Well, I gu"s you said you had your l..t
6 clo.ing with C~own Point on about September 30th. Had
7 your agreement with them come to an end?
8
A
Yu.
9 0 Okay. I take it then the ending or whateV.r
10 your marketing agreement or relationship wa. with the
11 Crown Point development had nothing to do with your
12 accidant?
13
14
A
o
That'l correct.
Okay. Why had your agreement with -- I guesl
15 the agreement wa. with the Capitol.. what's tho name,
16 capitol ASlociates?
17 A capitol view Aesociatel.
18
o
capitol View Aalociatea. It had come to an end
19 what, the end of september of 1995?
20 A Well, technically it ended in July of '95. And
21 there was remaining work through Soptember.
22 0 Okay. Were these Bales that had already been
23 made, and you were just waiting for the closinge?
24
25
A
o
Waiting and working on the closings.
All right, yeah.
~. lID
11
1
A
Ye..
2
o
Okay. Now, in terme at your aQteement with
] Capitol View A.eoctate., who had terminat.d the agr.em.nt'
4 You or th.m'
~
" Officially they did.
0 Okay. UnoffiCially'
" Will, unoff I ci all y I did.
0 AU rt\jht. W.ll, tell me what hIPp.n.d.
MR. SHAOtN, Yeah,
6
1
.
>>
10 BY MR. WlXl
11
o
T.ll m. wh.t happ.n.d. Whit WI' the probl.m'
12 Why wa. the agreement .nd.d1
1)
"
Bu. in... r".on..
H
o
W.ll, you Ilud to t.ll m, whit thl bl.l.in...
1~ r.a.on. w.t..
16
"
Th.y wanted to ching, the contrlct, and J did
1'7 not.
u
Q
Ok.y.
MR, SI~atHI cOl.lld we go off the r.cord tor on.
HI
20 ..contl1 I think I cln h.lp you h.r..
21 lDi.cu..ion h.ld oft the r.cord.l
22 BY Mlt. W\XI
21
o
AI I under.tand it trom our ott the r.cord
24 di.cu..ion, you're pr...ntly in litigation with Capitol
25 View Allociate. over that contract, I. that corr.ct?
-_~._~"~"_.~_'__~__'_...'~._'__."._""'_...n_._,,__~_. __._.__^.__......".,.-__....--~.>_....-.-.,..--_~.......""~"-.,.~~..,.~___
\~. 1'1
18
1
^
Yes,
0
county?
^
0
^
0
A
0
suit ?
A
0
22 A No, it has not.
23 Q To your knowledge, have any of tho dlpo.itionl
24 of tha Capitol View "'asociete. bean tak.n in that llw.uit?
;IS A Not to IOY knowledge, no.
I'll' \"i$
lfl
--._-.....-~-,-_._-"-~~_...'
1
o
All right. All right. Well, than .- and this
~ termination of the agreement WI. Bomewhlro around July of
3 '941
4
!i
A
Officially July --
MR. SHAOINI Excuu mo. July ot un?
6 BY MR. WIXI
7
8
o
A
'95, okay. I'm Barry.
ot 'n.
9 0 July of '95. Lit me come back a coupll months
10 boforo that. In the early part of 1915 how many
11 associates did you have working for your company at that
1~ point in time?
13
14
15
16
1'7
18
19 termination of the agreement with capitol View? Or did ho
20 l.ava for other reasons?
A Ono.
0 Okay. Geraldine?
A No.
0 Who wu that?
A Vincent Corrao, C-O-R-R-A-O.
0 Okay. And did ho leave bocauu of your
21
2~
A
o
No.
If you know? No what? I guel. I aoked you two
23 qUllstions.
24
I~R. SHAGINI Yeah, if you could, could you
25 break those down, please?
~. \~
. ,..---,,---'~'-
1 tIIore in the lines of, I guess, what I would style more
:2 typical real .etate sales?
)
A
Well, probably to have a portion of the
4 bUlin.,s be more like you would call typical, plus to have
5 . portion of the bUlin.e. for developers.
6
o
Okay. Well, let me aek you this. As of thl
'7 time of your fall in November 15th of '95, had you lined
8 up any developers to make arrangements such as you had had
9 in the past?
10
A
No, there weren't any lined up at that time.
11
o
Okay. Were you working on any deals like that
12 that had not yet been finalized?
11
Not specifically, no.
A
14
o
Okay. So that would I be correct that between
15 the end of September and November 15th, which really is
16 only about a six week period of time, at that point in
1'7 time you were basically looking for listings and looking
18 for prospective buyers interested in purchasing
19 residential units?
20
I was doing that at that time, and other
A
21 things.
22
o
Okay. Other things, what were the other things
23 you were doing?
24
A
Well, I was in the process of hiring a sale.
25 associate.
~. ~J..
22
CIRTI'ICATI 0' .I,VICI
AND NOW, thh~()ft1dllY ofAft'J{.f~ 1998, I, Richard Ii. Will,
Elquire, of the firm of Wix, Wenger , Weidner, attorneYI for
Defendant, hereby certify that I served the within Dsfendant
Bun9ui1d'e Brief in oppaaitian to Plaintiff'a Motion In Limine,
thie date by per.anally handin9 a copy of same to plaintiff'S
counsell
Timothy M. Anstine, Esquire
WIX, WENGER' WEIDNER
(( -'
C ; C ( I, I I t?
By -, - ~ ..t_ ~\ ,,~V
Richard H. will, E.q.
I.D. No. 07374
Attorney. for Defendant
470' Duke street
Harrisbur9, PA 17109-3099
(717) 652-84"
AUG 2 1 \998,J~
'1lll\othy M, AlI5llno
Shuain & Anlllno LLC
I ()() I'lno Streel. sullo 51 0
IInrrilhura, I'A 17101
221-1111
JOSEI'll J, CUlmERl, JR.,
Ilnd ROSALIE M. CUIUlElU,
IN TlIIl COURT OF COMMON I'LEAS
CUMlUiRLANI> COUNTY,
JlHNNSYLVANIA
lllllintln.
N(l97-214S CIVIL TEltM
CIVIl. ACTION-LA W
v.
JURY TIUALI>EMANIJED
SUNOU1W III CONIJOMINItJM
ASSOCIATION,
Defendant
,
I. .'ACTS
I'luintlff Joseph j, Curreri, k is the pluintiff inllllolher luwsuil pendinll oelllfllthe Court
llf Clllllll111nl'leas of Cumoerlund ('ounty, captioned .I01l'1'''.1 ('fI/'ral, .II', \' ('111'1/0/ View
A.Hoc/ales e/a/., No, 1)6-5349 Civil Terll1 19<)6, That Iitigutlllnurosc out of the tCfluiuutlouol'
Nevel'lll contruets oetween Mr, Currcri allll Cuphol View Associates allll the Cherrinlllon (lroup.
uuder which Mr, Curreri provided services IIN u reul estulc orllker. Intlmt Iltillullou. which was
coll1mcnccd in 11)lJ6. t.k Curreri is ussertlng severul cuuses of uctiun includinll orcuch of
conlrllctulld intenllonulinterference whh exlstlnllund prospective cOlllructUlI1 relations.
While depuNinll Mr, ('mrerllnlhe CliNe now ,11I/1 II/dire on June 26, 11)1J7. lhe ()cfendunl's
counsellJUeSlloned Mr, ('urreri IIhoullhe lenl1inlltlon of Ihe conI met hclween ML Currcri
(Irmllnll und dolnll huslness us Ihe ('Iuterl Iteul Eslule ('olllpuny) und ('lIpilol View Associulcs.
und his pendlnll civilucllon ulluln811hul COlli puny , (J. Curreri I>ep, ul I Cl.t9, ulluchcd herelo.)
The I'lulnlll1i1 hclle\'C Ilmllhe 1>elcndunlllluy ullelllpllo Inlnlduce evidence of Ihe tenninulion of
Mr, Curreri's conlrucls wilh I 'upllol View Associules Ulll\lur the ('herrington Oroup. liS well liS
Ihe Iitlllullon tllIIt hus resulted Iherefrolll. us evidence thul Mr, Curreri's huslness would huvc
8ulTcrcd ulos8 ofprullts el'en hud 1\11', ('urrerl nol heen Injured und, Iherelorc, Ihal Mr. Curreri'a
dalllulles should he rclhll'ed uccurdinllly,
II. IUSCUSSIUN
Itelcrenee wlhe lennlnulion of Ihe conlracl helween Cupilol View Associates or Ihe
reasons for such Icrllllnullon. or of the civilaellon hruullhl hy Mr. Curreri allainsl Capitol View
Assoeiutcs und the ('herrinl!ton (lruup, should he precluded becuuse ilis Irrelevllntlo Ihe aubjecl
lIIullcr oflhls case und PleJudiciul,
At k:\'ldence uf the Termlnatlun uf the Cuntracll Bnd the Ile.ultlnll
LIl1IIBtlonls Not Itclevant.,
1Iolh Ihe I'ennsyll'uniu conlllllln luw und our rules of evldcnce del1ne relevllnt evidence liS
thllt which Icnds 10 mllke the exlstenl'e of ulllulcriullilct more or less prl1huhle, l'u.lU!. 40 I (us
udopled); ('011I11I01/11'1'/11/11 \', 81'0/1, 4KO I'll, 50. 54. JK9 A,2d 79, K2 (11)7K). The terminallon ur
Ihe contructs hetween Mr. ('urrerland Cupilol View Assoclules lind/or the Cherringlon Group Is
neilher lIIuterlulnor relevuntlo the presenl cuse, und should be excluded,
2
time that he was injured, his loss ofwagcs wus lower, It l'mlld ulso cuuse thc jury to he hi used
IIgulnst Mr. Curreri persllnully, perhups leuding them to helieve thut. if his cllntructs were
tenninuted, he must have done slllnething wrong and thut he is somchow dishonest or lalY, ~1r,
Curreri should not he lilrced into curly Iiligutlon in unother case hy helng lilrced to defend the
luets In that cuse uguinst this Delcllllunl,
The udmissilln of the mere luctthut Mr, Curreri even has anothcr l'use pending could
cause unfair prejudice hy leading some Jurors to helleve that Mr. Curreri is lilIllious, Evidence
of unrelated lawsuits should he held Inudmissihle whl're the purpose IiII' introducing evldcnce of
the lawsull is tll shllw thutu plalntltr is IlIil!lous, j)iI'h/ll('~.I('O I'. 11\('01/1, It"., 434 J'u,Super.
173,642 A,2d 529 {I 994). 0/11"'''/ ~/'(/II/fel, 540 I'u, 5eN, 655 A,2d 9HK {I 1)95), "1'/1('''/ eli.ll/l/.m'd
liS /1/I1',OI./dell/(l' grall/eel, 543 I'a, 627.674 A.2d 214 {I 1)96), In DIFrancesco, the Superior Court
upheld the exclusillllOr evidence thutthc pluintill' In thut cuse hllll previously l1Ied ulnwsult
rclntlng to un automohllc uccldcnL The l'O\lIt hcld thutthe prcvlous uutonlllhlle accident was not
related to the products liuhlllly claim that the plulntltl' l1Ied us ulesult or Injuries he sustained
when the pistol he was carrylnllin his pocketucchlcntally dischurllcd, Thus. the Introduction of
evidence thutthe plalntlll' hud liIed u prcvious. unrelated luwsuit would only Nl'rve to prejudice
the jury hy paintllll! the plalntll1'us litigious, hI, ut 4341'u. Supcr, I')(). h42 A.2d 5]7,
In the present case, the rclutlonshlp hetween the pellllinlllltlllutlon umllhe llIaller sub
Judice is evenlllore relllote, lhe pendlnll uctlon involves u hrcuch or cllntl'lll't dispute while the
prescnt case is involves a personullnJury UctllllL Indced, the only thlnt.! thut the two c1ullns huve
In colllmon is thut Mr, Curreri Is the plulntll1 lhere cun he no purpose scrved hy Intwduclllll
evidcnce thut Mr, Curreri hus l1Ied u c1uhnullulnst ('upllol View Auoclutcs nther thllnto uttempt
s
III puinl Mr. ('liner! 1I~ "lililllllilln huppy,"
III l.lJN1J.Ulillm
I'm Ihe lilrelllllnll n:lIlun.. Ih~ l'ltdnlUl. rli.lu,.I Ihlll Ih.lr M"IIol\ In (.IllIlno bo lIrlnled,
IIl1led t \ kU6 l ct ~'5
I(ttpflill\lll)' lubmllled,
JillAtilN A ANSTINI<: 1.1.(,
",~~tl!tI~Ih;
Tlmlllhy M ^ ~linc
HUI'nmle I 'oUlI IIII/HH71}
1.1Il1rllI lIihnl:
Supremc ('0\111111 /tKIll7U
IlHlI'Ine SIICCI, Suilc ~ 10
1I11llilbulll, I' ^ 111111
117.221.1111
AlIumg)', h" I'llIlnllfh
f1
16
1 0 WhaIC8 was ahe w(n-kln\J1
~ A Sha was working tot' the Curred Relll Itatate
1 COl11pany. And we had our otftn8 In M'H:hanlcaburg at that
4 time. I had my ottlne In MadlanltlellllqJ .t that I:1ma.
5 Q Okay. Well. I \j\lflSlI you uld you h.d YOUI' I.at
6 closing with C.'own Point on ahout Uaptalllher loth. lIad
'7 your aglCoement with thflm coma to an end?
8 A Vea.
9 0 Okay. I take It then the ellltlllg at whatever
10 your marketing agreement or relationship Will with the
11 Crown Point Ileveloplllent had nothing to do with your
u accident(
II A That'. correct.
14 0 Okay, Why had your .guament with .. 1 gu...
15 the agreement wall wllh the Capitol" wll.t'. the nlma,
16 Capitol AII.nnlal..'
1'7 A Capitol View A..oalate..
111 0 Cap t t 0 1 V t 11101 AlUII1I11 illt '''1, It hllll nom. t II an 811<1
19 what. tlllt 111\11 ot 1l1l\lllJlllb,u of 1!l'J!ll
:.lO A W..II. t.uhnll)ally 1\ 111111.,1111 .July ot '91. A/\<1
:.11 th.n. WIS rOllllllntnu work t.hrolllJh IJIIl'tllllltJlIl,
:.12 0 OkilY. Wt:lI"th"uul"IlI114Ih.,lall..dyb81l11
:.I) 1111111.., and YOIl WI"lI lilli' wIIH1IHJ t," I h.. ,dnlllnUII'1
24 A WiilHlnU "lid wOlklnlj Oil III.. P\..,..lfllJli!,
25 0 AIIIIUhl,yuh,
",_"~_"",~~">>-~,,,,,,,,,'.._~....e-~,,-.~,..~~.~."."__ ._..'".______'..__~__~.._.~.~,_~.--.--.~--'__,...,.,..._...,._""_~......,.,......,_.~,_
1
:I
1
4
5
6
'7
B
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1'7
18
19
:10
:.11
:.1:1
:ll
24
25
17
A Yes.
o okay. Now, in terms of your agreement with
Capitol View Assooiates, who had terminated the agreement?
You or them?
A OfficIally they did,
o Okay. Unoffioially?
A Well, unoffioially I did.
o All right. Well, tell me what happened.
MR. SIIAGW, Yeah.
BY MR. WIX,
o Tell me what happened. What was the problem?
Why was the agreement ended?
A ausiness reasons.
o Well, you need to tell me what the bus!neaa
reasons were.
A 1'hey wanted to change the contraot, and I did
not.
o Okay.
Mil. SIIAOIN. Could we go off the record for one
second? I think I can help you here.
(Discussion heo I d of f the record.)
BY MIL WIX.
o As I undel'etand It: from out' off the record
discussion, you're presently In litigation with Capitol
View ASHociatlls ovel' thai: contractl is that correct?
18
0
county?
A
0
A
0
A
0
suit?
A
0
19 av MR. WIKI
20 0 Okay. lias YOU1- depDllitlon been taken In
21 connection with that lawlluJt?
22 A No, it: has not.
2l 0 '1'0 your' knowledge, havl!I any ot thl! t1.polttlmul
24 of the Capitol View Allsoaiatss been taken In that laWIIlIL?
25 A Not to my knowledge, no.
19
1 Q All right. All right, Well. thon - - and this
2 termination of the agreement was somewhlu-e around July of
3 t 94?
4 A Offioially July o-
S MR. SIIAGIN, Exouse me. .July of 1995?
6 BY MR. WIX,
7 Q '95, okay. I'm sorry.
B A Of' 95.
9 Q July of '95. l,et me oome back a oouph month.
10 before that. In the early part of 1995 how many
11 associates did you have working for your oompany at that
12 point in time?
13
14
15
16
17
18
19 termination of the agreement with Capitol View? Or did h.
20 leave for other reasons?
;n A No ,
22 Q I f you know? No wha t: ? T \lila/HI I askat! YOIl two
2l qlllu,tiona,
24 MR. SIIMIIN, Yeah, If you I;Dlild, cmlld you
2!1 break tholle down, (lIIHllle'f
A One.
0 Okay. Geraldine?
A No.
Q who was that?
A Vincent Corl'ao, C-O-R-R-A-O.
0 Okay. And did he leave becau.e of your
towurd their garuge unit, gurugc unh //1'-14. which is locutcd inu scpurate Il"l'llge building
shuutcd north of thc building cuntuiningl'luintlll's' rcsidcncc.
5. I'lulnllfl's werc gulng 10 the gurullc 10 louk ut bcdroum furniture whleh I'lulnlill'
Joseph j, Currcri. Jr. wus rcstorlnllli)r I'lulntl!,f Hosulie ~t CurrcrL
6. I'lalnllfl's tmverscd thc front porch und sidewulk In fhmt uf unit 1159 \.\1. walked
ulunglhe urcu adjucentlo thc Ilul'lllle hulldinllln Ihll1t of thc huildinll contulnlng resldelltlul units,
und turncd rillhl althe nllrthwest corncr Ill' the llumgc huilding tn wulk downlhe drivcwuy In
liunt uf Ihe Ilarulle bulldinll to gurugc unit #1'-14,
7, Thcrc wus snow onlhc rollf ofthc llul'IIge huilding which had partlully meltcd,
discharging waleI' inlu a down spout
K. The down spoul hud dischurlled th,~ wuter onto the drivewuy in fronl of Ihe Ilurulle
hulldlnll and wus cuntinuinlllo do so,
9. ^ patch of Icc hud lilUncd whcrc thc wutcr wus dischurllinll from thc down Spllut
10, Thc Illclling of Ihc snow liom thc roof of thc gurullc huilding und thc conscqucnt
dlschurgc III' wulcr unto thc drivcwuy um! thc Ireczinll thcwf wcrc fi)rsecublc cvents caused by
thc urtificial cundillons ut thc sitc creuted und pcrmittcd 10 continuc by Defendant
II. Dcfcndunl hud taken no preeuutlons to divert wutcr thut wlluld bc dischurgcd fhJlll
the ntilresald down spout uwuy IhJlnthe drlvcwuy.
12, Defendunl hud tukenuo precuutions to prcvcnllcc Ihllnlill'lninll where the wutcr
disclllll'llcd Ihllll the down spout. such us thwugh thc uPlllicullon of chemlcllls. Ilrllvcl. suml or
othcr unti-slip or uuti-skid Illuleriuls,
11, Delcudunt hud tukcuno sleps to rcmove thc ice Ihut hud limncd whcrc Ihe wuter
dlschurllcd fl'Om thc down spout
J I lJ~j~H<l~HI t.lcadll;d 110 dUly III IJluilllllh hy I" 1l~III1I1CIlI "'llduclllN M\11 lunh
h~I\;i1l
lot II", 1l\l1l1i1l"1l~. lUll! CIII~I~lililllllili uII Melllllllll CUllllillhl,1 Ill':
(Ill ('uu.IIIM hi hll\~ "llfl'lnlt'IClluH,l/ullIluinlllinillll Urtlll iI. f1fllJ1C;'rly II
Iklwllli~lullllliUlh II mllllller U. III "ilU~C illlllllitidllllHNdlllrllC IInu IICCUI11l1l11llulI
Ill' Wlllft U~llIl11l a/..,a lIiiHloct.i hy IlI'd""IIII11I' whkh, whell fWI4'II, made Ihe Wie
III\b. wlllk WII} !la/lite",U.
1\1) l'nmillllllllllhuilllilMIUllu dl.dllUIIIl wuler Ulllu all IIrllU If'llVllUeU hy
f"l1tl.1l111111i
leI Nllllllhll11llllealiurn \II prnenl in: Irum IllHninll when: Ihe duwllliflllUI
dhwhMlI\l\I wal'" \Il1hlll/l III ell IIU\el.cd by pcdc~lriunN,
(Ill NlllllclIlllllllle fHlllllhc 811111 II II \\lII\'J by pcdc~lrilln..
(Ill NUllIl'lJIYllIll aull,.k III /llllICI hll~ III Ihe an:a Iravem:d by pede'lrlana.
(f) Nullllllillhunillll uJCllulll"lil!hlinl! Illlhe IIcddelll "ilc.
1111 Nullllllinluillhllllllll JIlVCWIlY hell 1i001lllllllUdllUS Clllldhllllll U$ n:quircd
Il~ HI!I:IlIllII'M Hii 1 !lllh~ hlllwlty MailllclIllll~U ( 'lIde Hf lIppcr ^lIulI
TllwlI,hlp.
{hi I\II"W"III /IIll! w,1I1J1r 10 Illl dill IlIultl~d 1/1 a 1I111111lCr thall'rulltcd U pullllc
IIl1i'Wllilllll v,"I~I/lIII III "'elWIII' I'M" lO.lh 1I11l11'M"~()H, Illf the l'wflCrly
Mlljlll.'lllIll'c l.llII... oIl 'I'f1CI Allell I IIwlI~hifl.
iii I iuhultlllllllllllllll111I f1"'I'IIl} IIlllilllClIlIn~c ",'rviccK wilh lIppruprllltc
ljuahl\, Willi"!. III 1I1.llle Ihal Idnl! llilliud. "Tic dilllilllllcd ur lIIi/lhnl/.cd,
(j) l'pihllllllllllk'IIIUI~ly 1I111'~IH'C lkl~lIllllltl'1I1l/lIlwlIy 11Iililll~IIUII'~
'1IIltrllChir~ III ill'UI~ Ihlll killll ha/.llllb "~r~ ~lilllll\alellur llljlll/lli/~-d
H, 1'11lllllill JUluph J, ('urt~ti. Jr \I~mlllcd \lUll \.'11111 111111 limol 1Il~lllhlRlIl! h~tl/lll ",uJ
WPI lIullI~llllllelll
('OliN'" I
PI.I.U" Jlla,ph J. ('limrl, Jr. ". lI,r,ad...
26 1'llIlnlill'Jwwrh J.l'ulWlt Jr illWlplllillclI hy l~f~I~II~1I illlllllh. pnwtdlnll
I'arilllrarhllllllhll l'II/11plailll al il elllh 111111 e\Cl) IIl1e "~I~ mdi\iJlllllly 1i\III1Il1h wilhhllhla
('uulII
27 All 11 di.~,o alii! plH~III1UI~ rClillllllllllllellllanl'lIl1cllhIlCII\.'II, l'lallllilt JUIl/ph J.
('unerl, JI Willi \.'ulI.",lllIlillllcr IUrlolIll'h)lIkal illJUfi~lIln illlll at~JIII hll fl"1""Il, ....11I0 III whith
IIn~ fl"II1IUll~lIl; 11101\1 pUllIllllully, hil,llllllllllh~ li~hllihillllllll tlhlllu, IIl1d l"II.11I11I11i '" Ihe rillhl
hip, illlll Vlllillllli 111111 lillllU~ ill.iulI~t y,hidl W~llllh\llljIHIIlIIIII'IlI~I\IIUIIl rlltult utlhll pClld"nl
1111" 11Ih"~IIUelll IIl11l/el y
2" Atll dlll'll ulhll',u.III1UI~ ICluh IIlllelelhlillll'lIl1ellhllell\.'lI, 1'111111111 Jlllillph J
,'ulICri. J, II-llltunl!J III ullllnllu IIIWIIIIl"UCliollllll\lrllUllhalillll IIUfIl~I) IlIvlllnlllllh~
1'!llll'IIWIII III illllll'I"lIlIirllllld)' 14,llllh IIWIIIIIII.! IIlhll""2,llI\h m~"1I UI hili hlIHIIl/II, alld IH
Ihl'l~h) 1IIIIIIIIIIhll rl.kllllIIlUiII'lIlhcIIlil. 1111\1111'"1 alii! IIllwll',".ihlll WlIll'hlullilUlIlI1 IWlI"ry,
2'j A" II dltCtllllll1 plll.illUM IC~lIh III 11clclI,j'1II1'_"CllhIlClIlC, 1'lullIIIII Ju,",ph J
('III1~ti, k wall fH.nd 1IIIIIIdelllllll ...,tllud IiUlllkll1 plllI'C" 11I11 Iii "'I~..lliOIl hit IeI' htlllll hll(lUre
hl'CIIII.1I 0' 1111 e.I~IIII1I1) IOlllle,IIIhlll, Ihel~h} "IlI'C 1I1"'~ twillY 1011111110 hll/4rlllhll riah III
III1IIC"hl'~III, illk\ 1""1111,,1 011,,'1 p""lhk I III II pliliJl III/I' III .UIWel)
10, As 11 dil't'l'llllld plll~illllllc 1~,"1t III Ilckll,lulIl'. IIrt.tIiIl~ltn'. l'lllllllill Jml'ph J
Curreri, Jr. WIlS IIllllle tllllndelllllllreUlph)NiruIIJllillllll" 1i\lI1CIIII~, \\hidllllll)' ~lIlIlillll~ illllllhc
IUlure,
11, As 11 "lllId ulld pltl~illlUlc IV.lllt 111'1 ldl'II,hllll'. IICIlIiIlClIlC, l'lulllllll JIIMeph J
Curreri, Jr, will ClllltilluC III lillII.' IIl1wtul /Il11 ill hiM 11.'11 till' thu '....1 IIlluM iiI..., umlmll)' MIIII...r
Pllill, dilCllmlllrt, illlcctillllM UII" ulh...r wlIIl'lirllllllllM
12, As U 1111"'1'1 ulld IJI'II~hllUII' IIIMUIt III' P...fc,"lulIl'. lIl'IIIiIl...II\'.... 1'luIlIlill JIINCllh J
Curreri, Jr, hUN beell rcmll'rcd "'SII...dully 1IIIIIcluhle III hll1hCI illiUl)' III hiM Jillh11cl.t IlIIllllllklc,
11, AN II dircclllml prlldllllllc rCNult IIllkICII""lll'. lIelllillelll'..., I'llIilllilf JII.eph J.
{'urrcri, Jr, waN IlIIllhlc III uPl'ltlpriotcly liNil with 1111,1 nne lur hiN Mlllher, Ilhllll"M illlh... 1111111
1lllllCI Ill' ulcfllllnlll illncNs ullll died IIUlllllIl'lullllltrM wlIvillen'cllu', "hith CillU,clll'l"llltill
lire III menlul Ul1l1uish I1l1d Nufferhlll, \Ihkh mllY Wllli1lUC 111111 thc 1'1111111.',
]4, AN II "ilcclllllll prll~illllllC le.ult 1111 kl\'llllullI 'IncllhllclKe, l'luilllilf JIlMlIflh J.
{'1If1erl, k IIUN \Il1llhle III flllIperly hUlhe himNel1. plepUIC hi. 11\111 III1:uIN, Illul I'ellhnll u Illytlud
Ill' lither 1IIly"11I.duy IIclllitleN, "hieh I'uu'cll hllllllll.'1l1 hll'III1VCllicllll!, ...llIhunuNNlIwlIllIllll
perNlIlIllI hUlIIllilltllln,
B, AI lhu lilllc III' Ihc ucdll...llt I'lulnlll1 JII.cph 1. ('11111.'11, .II' IIU. ill Ihe milllll... 11111
11I1I-ycllr lei III UN l'rcsillclll III' Ihc Lu.lcrlll'ullll!lll Al,"dillillll, ('hUfllI:1 Ill' Ihc I'illllera (lWIII!IM
(,Iuh Ill' AIII...ricll, U l1ulllIlIlll Nlldul duh III fll'rlinllullce 1l1l11l1ll1l"llt' C11lhu.iIlNI'
,'tJ, ANllllitwllllld pll"illlUIC re.ull IIllldellllulIl'N 1I1'lIlillclll'II,J'lllhll1l1 JIlN~ph.t.
('ufIeri, Jr, IIUM prc\'clIlcd frlllll 11111)' IWlli'nllllllllhe dUlil.'~ 111111 1'11.10> illlJ lhc hCIICnlN III the IInkc
Ill' l'rc.idl'1I1 of Ihe 1',Q~lcfIIl'lIIIICIII Ah~"dlllillll, ( 'huJllcr IIllhlll'lIl1ll'llI C '"III.'U ( 'Iuh of Anullkll,
III hi~ UIIIIIIY"lIl'e, CllIhuITUhhlllCIIIIIII" Jll'lNlIlHllllIllllllilllillll
]7, AN il lIireclllnu plmitnllle result of I lclcmlllnt 's nelllillcm:c, I'luinlilf JOHeph 1.
('UIWri, Jr, WU!! prc\'cntcJ from CI\ioyinlllllriplll Iluly HpllllSlllCl1 hy lhc I'llnlcta (h\ncr!l ( 'Iuh 01
AlIlcricll, lilt which I'lllilllin. hUllmllllc a nllll-lcl\lIllluhlc depll!!lt hchne Ihc Ilcclllcnl ullhc lrip
nf 11 Iifetillle, anll \\hkh I'lainl i l!'Joseph ,I, ('ullcri, Jr. I\US CXPl'llI'lI 101l1tl'nll1lN I',csillcnl of the
hlslcm I'unleru AUlldulion,
3M, A!! a dirccl unll pruxlllllllc reNult III' IlclcndulIl's nl'lIlll1CIICC, 1'lilinlUf Joseph 1.
Curreri, Jr, WUI h'f\'clI tll sc\'clcly cUl11l11 his lIcllvilil-s whilc in IIllly Ilnll tn I'llnlcl se\'eral
planncll sidelrlps In Home und Sidly,
)1), IlcIinc the ucddcnll'llllnlilUnscph J, ('Ullcri, Jr, hlld curncd u 8eCllII1l dClllcC
hlllck helt In Tile K wnllllll uml rCllulllrly enllllilellin this punuit, III his IIrcal physical hCllelllllnd
plychic Nalislaclilln,
40, As a dlrcclllnd proximlllc reNlIllll,1 lelendllllt'!l llelllillcm'c, I'llllnlill' JllHcph J,
Currcrl, Jr, hUI hcen unuhlc lII11lmuy I'lInlinuc III he IIIl1lhlc III l'nll"llc 111'1 uc K 1\'1111 1)11 ul his
prcvillus levclllfaclivity, which hill I'llUHeJ und Ilill CIlUHe hillll!lcllllllcnlul ilnllllish IIml
suflcrinll,
41, AlII lIircclulld pwximulc ICHlIIt ofl)clcmllllll'N IIclllillcncc, 1'IIIIIIIIIr Jlllcph 1.
('ullcri, Jr, hus heen cllmpellell III cxpclIlI \ III III U!l IiUIIlH of 1II11IlCY filr l'UIClIICIICY scrvlccs,
hllHpitllll/,lIlillll, Hurllcry, chiwprllclic C'IUC, lIlellidllCH IImllllcdklllulII'lIlilln III allclIIl'lllIlIllI
ullcvirllc IInd cure Ihc Ilh.resuill injuries,
42, As 11 lIircI'llllld prllximulc ICNlIlt 111'1 )elcndlllll's IIclllillCIICC, I'luinlilr Jllseph J,
('ullcd, Jr, wus wlllplclely unuhlc 11Iultclld III hi!illNUllllll'CUl'illllln IlS U rcal c"llllo hrukllr In hi.
IIleut I1l1llnciullnNs uml rom:ern,
4l ,\s u lIill'l'lunll PIOXilllUlc reHult nfllclcnllulIl's lIeylilll'lI\'l', Hlncc the IInll nf
1'llIllllilflll~I'ph J. ('lIlleli'" ~lIl1lplelc diMllbillty und ulllillhe plcsellll'lullllilf hus hecll IIlIllhlc III
IlIlClld III his hllllllc""IlI Ihe Slunc lel'cl he devlllelllll It hel\lIc Ihe lI.eidcnl, llnd IIlR)' inlhe 1IIIIIIe
he plc\'Cnlcd lilllll Rllcndilllllll his IIMUIII 1I..upulillll III Ihc SIlIllC level he deVilled lull hcllltc Ihe
ll.dLlelll, III his III cui 1I1llllldulluIIIlIILl \llII.em,
WlllmU"OItE. l'lllilllill JUlcph J. ('lined, Jr. dCIllIlIllI. 11ll11llllCIIIIIllUillsl Defendont hlt
l'lIl1lpcllslllllry dlUlllllles ill 1111 IUllllunl which cKI'eed. lhc Judsdklilllllll Ulllllulll tC4ultlnll
albltrulillll rcletllll hy 111.111 rule, IlIllelher wllh InlereHI III1lI .IIHls,
OWN'!' II
l'lllnll" ltollUe 1\1. ('urrerl \', Ihrendlnl
44, I'lolnllll'ltlllulic f\.1, ('urrcri InwrpulIl1cs hy rcference nUllf Ihe preccdlnll
plllftllraphs oflhll CIIlIll'lulnl us It euch IIlld c\'Cry IIlle wcrc IndlvidulIlI)' leI fllrth wllhln Ihll
( '1II1n\.
4~, As II L1irl'.lulld pmKilllulc IcsUIt Ill' I )ef~'lIdlllll'. Ill'llllllell~c, I'lllilllll1' Joseph J.
('unerl, Jr. WIlS unllble III wlllplele Ihe lIliu'elllelllhlllcd furnillllc Icsllll'UlllIlI prole.\.
4ft, Asu dhCt:lulld pWKllIllllc Il'SUIt of Ilclclldllnt'sllcllllllellce, I'lullllllfloscllh J,
('lIncrl, Jr, WIlS IInllble 10 pCllilllll hll CUSlllmUry hllllsl'hllld dUllI.'.,llldudlllll Ihc .1I11kIIlIlOf
lilllllly I1ICRIN,
47, As II dlreclulIl! pWKil1lllle reHult of Ilefendlllll \ Ilelllillcnt:e, I'lillnlll1' JOKcph J,
('uncri, Jr, was unahlc III he 11 Hllilllhle l'IIlnpUnlOnl1lllhl'I'Iuilllllh' hip loltllly, which scverly
diminished 1'IIllllllfl'ltoslllic M, ('lIneri's enJIl)'lIlcnlof Hllid lrip.
4H, Alu dircclllnd PWxillllll\1 rCHult of Ilcl'clldulIl'llIcllllllcnce, I'lllilllitl' Itosillie f\.1,
('Utler! wus l\ut:Cd lllscl'elcly nulull hl'rllclivhics whllc inllllly und III cllncel sc\'Cral plllllllcd
l'() ""
,... :h
~
~ -
\r')
. it i
\
, ~~
~ ~
" C'.
\ ~ "
I
I" I J
~l" ~ ..;.) e.
{, I ~~ ~
i.
, , I
. ,.
\I ,., -- ~
, . ..
I, Th. IIIIg.taont of paragraph. ot fl.tnta".,
cumplltnt .r. wathan thl l.clYltv. knowlldg. a' th. flaanta".,
IUlIl proot thuIPt 11 dlmlmhllt at th. tl"'l of ifhl,
'I, 'l'h. alll",lihm. ut JJUIIl.jrIJth " ue l1ant.a, anlt pU,ll:tt
theraot II 11'.Andld ai th, tlml of trial,
8. 'l'h. 111..,.tlon. of llilfA'luph 8 iln dlnt..d, lOll proof
thlrlof I_ dam.ndad at the timl of trial.
9. ...11. IlllljHlona at paral,Juph II UI dlnlld, 104 proot
tharaot 11 demanaed at th. tlmll at trial.
10, lt I. admitted that enow Pin I.lt .nct thlt It It
.Iltll 1t wP41d dillchar'll pnto thl driveway, all of which w"
_nowlI by thl '\llntlff, and it III dlnlad that lIuuh facti
l'unetltute t/le Ilnultlon of an ".rtltlall' l'Olldltiol1," Amt prpof
to thl ~Hmtrjuy hi lhllllAmhHI at tha tlm!! <If t:rt.t.
U. .\!i.IUld.
U. 'l'hl allllj4tlIJ111 ot plIuqrAlih 1<1 Ii'll .pIlUU ioll11Y
dill hId, And pf(Jut thaulOf h ,l.m41111.d at thl tlme (It trilll.
11. 'l'h. IIi h\Jllttlltlll of IlI1IUqUllh 11 iU. '51.plt aPI U V
,Ienl.ll. IIlIa prupt U..not 1M d.mAIHI.,S at: the tllll!l ot tr hl.
U. It ,. Adll'tte,. thlllt t:ha Mlv.""y ".11 l.1l1llllrlilUy fn..
- 4 ~
at 10' and .lipp.ry oondltlon..
1~. Th. all'Qatlonl at paragraph 11 ar. Iv.ol11oallV
d.nlad, and proot lh.r.ot tl dlmalld,d at the ti., ot trlal.
16. The allegattona of paragraph 16 ara ap.oltlaally
d.nt.d, and proof theraot 11 d.manded lit th. t1..e at trl.1.
11. It 11 admltt.d that Ptalntttt olalml to havI f.l1.n
on a patoh at 101' howlver, proot th.r.ot 11 demand.d .t tho time
at triAl.
18. A4mltted.
1'. The al1egatlona of paragraph 19 I.t torth A
oonol\lllon ot law to whtch no anlwn h uqlllrod.
ao. 1'hl a11IJ\lattona ot PUallrAl'h 20 lilt tprth .
oonolllllon at law to whtch no alllwer II r.qulred.
21. The 111agll:l01I1 of para\lraph 21 .at forth a
oono1ullon at law to whtch no an.wllt I_ rlllqulred,
22. Thl alleYlllon. at 11IIrAlJnph H ar. Ill.c1tlpally
d.nted, and pn:19f thanlOf 111 domlwllll! at UII t,llIl. pt trill 1 ,
:011. 'fh. allalJattona of lJara\lnl,h 21 ar. ap.oHloan.,.
d.nt.d, and proof thanot i. l!.mlttllhui It thl t1m. at trill.
-) ....
10. Th. all'Q.tion. of par'Qr.ph 10 of Plainti".'
Complaint .re .peoifically denied, Ind proof thereot i. d..andta
at the time of trial.
31. The II legation. of pauCJuph 11 of Pla1ntUh'
complaint are Ipeoifically aeniea, And proof thereof ie aa.andad
at the time of trial.
33. The allegation. of paragraph )~ at Vlalntitt.'
Complaint are .paolfioAlly danied, and proof thereor ie d.mandaa
at the tima or trial.
)). '~e allegatione or parllJraph )] of Plaintiff.'
Complaint are epaolfioally denied, and proof thereat 1. demandea
at the time or trial.
)4. The alleqatlolle of paraqraph )4 of Plalntitf.'
Complaint are eplolfically aenlea, and proof thereot 1. demand.a
at the time of trial.
3!l. 'l'he alle\jatlonl (If llilugr.ph l!i ot 1'lll1ntlttl'
complaint are Iplolfioally denied, .,~ proot thereor i. dlmanaed
at the time or trial.
36. The alleyatlon. ot paragraph ]6 of Plaintift.'
Complaint are epeoitioallY denied, and proof tharaof la de.and.a
at the time or trial.
- II -
31. Th. Ill'~ltipn. 01 p.r.vr'ph 11 of f'llntif'"
complaint ar. .p.cifiollly a.nl.a. .n4 proof therlof II 4...n4.4
.t the tt.. of trill.
11. Th, .lllqatlolll ot p.rl9raph J' ot PI.lntltf.'
complllnt ara .paoiflcally aeni,a, and proof thereof I. d...nda4
at tha time III lrltl,
1lI. 'l'hl 111lqlltlun. uf l'Ul!lqrlph HI lIf l'lllntit,.,
Complllnt Ir. within lh. Ixclu.ivl knuwlldql of thl fl.lntltf.
and proot thereof I, dlmlnded at the tlma of trill.
4D. The Ill_qaliune of par'9rtph 40 of Plalntlfft'
Complalnt Ire apaolflcally denied. and proof therlot Ie dl..nd.4
.t tb. time of trial.
41. Th. ..lIlq4tloll. Ilt IIU!iI\juph 41 ut 1'llllltHflI'
compl.int ar. 'V.oltlc'lay delllad, IlId proof th'reof ia a..andad
at tha tlma of trill.
H, 'I'h. 1011...,atlo/1ll; ot 1'''tal~Uljh 4<1 or PhlntUh'
COOllJlIllIt an !lll.plflllAlly a!lnhHi, And (.toot ther!llJr I. a."IUI11.d
!ill the tl... of trial,
41. Th. AII"Qationa or patl~r.ph 4J ur PI.lntl'f.'
complAint: n. .,>liolfltJllly aenh1t1, It.4 lJHl()r thaUIJI III a.m.nalid
at the time of trial.
~ (l ~
pOUlT II
'1.i~'4fr 'QI.li._~, Q~rra[i V. Q,fln4lnt
44. Oltendant inoorporates herein by reterenOI it.
anSWlr. to the preceding paragraphs at this Complaint.
45. The allegations at paragraph 45 at Plaintiffs'
complaint are specifically denied, and proof thereof i. demanded
at the time of trial.
46. The allegatione of paragraph 46 of Plaintiff.'
Complaint are speoifioally denied, and proof thereat ie demanded
at the time of trial.
47. The allegations of paragraph 47 of Plaintiffs'
Complaint are specifioally denied, and proof thereof ie demanded
at the time at trial.
48. The allegations of paragraph 48 of Plaintitfs'
Complaint are epecifically denied, and proof thereof is demanded
at the time of trial.
49. The allegations of paragraph 49 of plaintiffS'
Complaint are specifically denied, and proof thereof is demanded
at the time at trial.
&0. The allegations of paragraph 50 of Plaintiffe'
- 7 -
V,J;BllIC4UON
Jo..ph J, Curr"j, Jr,l'lainlilf, depole. anlllllya, lubjllcllllln. penaltl.. of
I K Pa,C,SA, 14\104 tolalinlllo un.won! fabiticaliol1 HI uUlhurlUes, Ihlll h. has Illamlnllli
Iho IhtllllUlnll Reply III New Maller anlllhal Iha denials 1I1111IIVImn.nllof lacl 1111 fonh
Ihllrllin lltllltllllllld correcl upon hi. petlun.l knuwledlle. infhrrmllhl/lllml b,U,f,
DIll.d; Jw~, 1997
~,.,..,.,
..., r-J (::
{y t.r: >
I .. ", -
'I,,' t . ~ .- "
, , .'
'" ,! J ,
I"
Iff
I'
[J,i r
".J
~ II 1:
(, .
"
, ,
" ,..... 1"
I , ()" ,1
IlIl11llhy M ^n.lin.
Sh.tl1n" Anllin. I,I.C
100 1'111' SII"l, Sull. !10
lIa'thbultI,I'^ 17101
221.1111
AUllmoy "" 1'lalnlllTs
JWilWII J. CIJlHWIU, Jlt.,
IlJulllO!iAI.II! M, CURIUlIU,
IN TIlIl COlJltT OF COMMON IJLI!AS
CUMIII!IH.AND COUNTY,
I'HNNSYl.V ANIA
l'I.lntllr.
NO. 97.2145 nVII, TBltM
CIVIL ACTlON.I.A W
v,
JlJltV TRIAL DEMANDED
BlJNOUll.Il III CONDOMINIUM
ASSOCIATIoN,
Defendanl
'I'
I'I.AINTIFFH' 1'ltEUMINAltY l'IWI'OSr.U I'OINTS FOIt CIIAllOE
1'1111111111'. Jllseph J. ('IIIICli, Jr. Illlllltolnlle M, Cotrerl. hy nllu Ihlllllllh Ihelr nUomcy.,
!lhlllllu & Anltlllll LL< \ respectfully 9uhlllil Iho Iilllllwhlll plupugell flolllll fur chllrlle 10 Iho jury,
with Ihe plOJ1used filii III fur churlle spcclllcully requested hy Iho cuurlllllo Iho slnndard of ellto
uwe,1 ,olhu plulllllll' lellhllh on pUllol 5.8 hereof:
J. l~stJt!lIN 'I lit, ('Mil'- ANIJ 1I11IlUI'.N Ill' l'IUUll'
Mr l'ulI~ri ~I_lillt Ihllllte "III illju'tt.IIII\\1 .u.llllllell,llIlIIlIlIllI II. II 1~lult unhll n"lilllllll
Wllllul'lllllhll ~1I'llIlhllllUllh" j1rllpllrl~ UII ",hid, hlllllll, lhl/ HUIIlluilJ III l'un\lomlnlullI
AnHdllllun Mr ('U"" i lUll Ihll 1>IIIIIIIIIul prllvlIIIl hi. dlllln.
r
11t.1'llllllllmlllluIII Allllll'lllllHll \II/Ill,. MI, {'u,mi'. ~hlltn. ItJIlIIUKn' a' all altlnrulliv.
d.'illllll;llh41 Mt. ('un.,i WII' hlllllMM III111U".nlllll,llhIlIIUCh 11!l1l1l1l'n~:lI wa. a IIlhllllllll.1 hil'lIJr
III 1',hllllnll.llllul Mr ('umll',jnjuri.., h. ('lIl1dumlniullI ^1II11~illliun ha.lhu bUldllll Ill'
Ilrllvinlllltl, ~lelllO
When a pliny Itll.lhlllluldlln ul ptUol'lIf\ II pllni~ulllr laWll, Ih.1 pany', ClJnl,nliuR IJlllhal
lml!f rnu'II>Illlllabll,hIlJ I.~ I lair r"rlllllll'lall~.llIlh. .villllll" lh. ,viII,"",. "Iabll,hot a
llllll!fllllll" h)' alilit fll.pmlll",r.nl'llllf Ih. II V hJIl'",lI II' YUIl.Ill fl\IUUIIIl1l4llhllllhll cllnl.lIllun ,.
11I11111 p'III>."')' 11".11111111111111 1lUlllhlllllUlI
IlIpUI illllllllher ""}. 11,11111, illllll Will, 1'1' Mil 1I"lhllll)' hllllllll'll .~lIhl, wllh D plll1l1l\ 'lI4'h
.i.l\I 1111111 ""11111111 "'Ih~ "itlll, plitl_ /l1I1"lhlfl_.jll~III' laH'lllhlllllllhll pliny wllh 1111I "'!lIII...
IlIPHlIl' 1I111111h.. IIlh~1 will". 1.111I''' 1I1l1l1.lip lfIvldt:lIl'lI IIIWIHlil1l hllhlllllhPI 1'"lty II, /111$;'
WlIOidellnlllh\lI'IIII1PII'/I"I.. ",,,illhl II' Ill.: ".i.I",,,.:, ~1l11 ,~..Illmllhu .nll~'ljp, IV':I "I.lillhll~ 11/
III 11," .hllhlll.lll"lIr...., III I/I\'HllllllllIl'itll~ IIfllh 1111/ hn,JIIIII" 1'141111. ~IlUl '''HlIl' .m"ll~ 1111
Ihalllillly 1I1hlfl .ntlll. tip III I,l\'llr Illllw Illlwf 1'"11~ Ilr UllfIlIllulIlly Iolllllllle,l, YIIIll 'liIHliflllllll,1
J
he for lhc pnlly whkh dOCN nol hllve the hUlIlellllf fllIlllr.
lIused upon lhu evlllcllce I'rcsetllcd IIllhillrilll, Ihe un I)' IlIue. lilt )'llU III dccltloln
QCCOrdllllcu with Ihe IlIw IlS I shullllive It 10 you, lire:
t> Flnl: WIIS the SUlIlluild III Cllnllllmlllhllll Altioclllllun nCllllllcll1 and wUlllo
CondulllllllulII AllocllltlulI's nellllllenec II Nuhsllllltlnl faclur In \lrlnlllnllll\luul hllrmlu Mt,
Curreri" All alnlcll belilre, Mr. ('uncrI hnN Ihe hurden uf prllvlnlllhllt the Cundmninlulll
AuuclnllulI wal nCllllllelll, IIn.! Ihlll ilN IIcllllllellce WilS 11 luhslllnllllllilctul' In clluslnll hi. IIIJllrles,
Sccunll: Was Mr, ('urrerl himself nCll11llcnlllllJ Will wudl nCllllllcnce a III\lslllnlllll fllclor
In bllnlllnll aboul Mr, Curreri's lllJury" As I sllltcJ ahuve, the Cun.!llllllnlulII A.soclallon has Iho
burden of IltllV I "ll 1111I1 Mr. ( 'urrcrl WIIS IIClIllllllllt IImllhnl Mr, CUITlllr. lIellllllenco was II
lubllnolllll nlclor In clluslnll his InJuries,
AIlTlIOlUTY: I'II,SSJI (('Iv) 3J(),l,()(),
AFFII{MHU _
IJnNlBD
3
.\, NI((jI.JCmN( 'I':.SI'I':('II<"JC' STANUAIUI (III ('Aim,
IlIlhl. CII80 lhc IlIw CNlllhllKhcs II sJlccltlc Klllllllllllluf~'lIre whlrh ~lIU IIIUsl cUII.lller
hel'll\IKllllflhe rclllllllnahlJlllf lhc Jlllrlks, Mr, CurTerll1 il IIl1illlwner IIllhe SunUIIlIlI III
('lIndumlnllllll, Mr, ('lIl1eli fell In 1111 men I:lll1ed Ihe "CIIIlIllIlIn del1lellh" uflhe I:lllldllll1iniul\I,
I hiller Ihe IlIw Ihe CIII1l1ll1ll11li1l11l ^SKlldilllllll hlld Ihe Ihny llflllllillllllllilllllhe ClIIl1I1Il1I1 clelllelltl,
{
\' ,',
(
'J/
\
The ClIlIIlllllllnhllll ^SSlldilllnll isllllhlc III ~h, ('lIl1cal for phy,iclllllllllll call1ed hy a
\
,.,1
-II"
"
dllUUCtu1l1 Clllldilillll II1'1lnlhc WIlIIIIIIII elel1lenh lIf Ihe clllldlll1llnilll1l. Iflhe ('1I111111l1llnhlll1
^lluclalloll hy the cKerclse Ill' rCllsllllnhle I:llIe 1:11111<1 hilve dllcllvcred Ihe wndltlulIlInd Ihe
Il1Irealllnllhle rilk IlIvulved Iherelll illllll'lllllll hllvc 1I11111e Ihe cUllditlulI IlIfe,
Mr, Cllnerl ClIlltellds IhlllllllllwlIsJlulI1 which disclulIllellllllhlII wlllkwllY Irllveled hy
pedeslrlllns Willer which Wllllld f1ce/,c III wid welllhcl, wus U dilll~erous l'lIrllllllllll, Mr. ('lInerl
Illsu culllends Ihlll the IIl1htlllllllllhe uccldelllllte Will II lIl1nllellllll wllllillulI, II il up III YIIU hi
delellllllle whelher Ihese wlldltilllll, either Indlvhllllllly IIr III CIllllhlnulllIlI, l'lInslltuled 11
dltllUC/llUS culldltlllll, If YllU fllld lIult Mr. ('lIIlerl'l lujurles were l'1I111cd hy II dllllgCroUS CllIllllllulI
1I111he CUIIII1IlllI c1l'lllellls uf Ihll SUlIguild III ('ulldlllllilllulII, 111111 if ~UII fllld Ihllllhe
('urllluJIllllhllll ^1811c1llllulI, hy Ihe eserdsc uf relllullllhlc ClIle clIuld hllvc disClIvcrclllhe
I'ulldltlulI umllhe 1I1Irelllllllllhle risk lnvlllved Ihereillllllll wllld hllve nllllle Ihe ~'llllltillun IlIfe,
IhclI YUIII1IUII flllll thllllhe ('llI11lul1IllIhnll ^5sucillllun WIIS lIellllucn\.
~
AIJllll JIUI Y
1lll'lo'llIl"l'lIulIlU 11i~ law lhll~lo'lIl1l1l1lh~ ,IIII} III .lo'lIl1ll11llllIlIUlIl .fjlillnilUIIII
IOWilllb Ihlllo'llml!lI11inllllll'. 111111 IIWIUIU ill III U "Illll! IIIIlI/alllo'} II to dlo'IU IhlllII Io'lJlltllllllilll\lllI
Ulilllo'llIlhllllllllY lllllwhl IIl1hllllll hllllU II UllilllWIWI I h41 l'lo'llllli} I 1'1111111 Illllhlllll I '1Il1Jvnllnium
I\n 1ill\llo'Hllo'illl)' ilutlwIiA'" lUWltllitli hy IIl1illlWllllU 1I1IUlllOl wlI,lllllllllilulI Ulllllo'\lIlltllll IlIr \11I11'
. HII IIl!lund lullllUd hilllHIl)'
Illllilo'llIl/!!III1I., ..
(111\111""'11011 in hili ;l1I1'1I11I1I;l ..willi d,"lt' h)' u,l",liillllilul hllllllO,,1 III
'mphlYOll illl\Jlllllo'...illll "Ill. ilIllJIIlIIII Ilf ali)' "",\'\'rll"llIlIl wilhlllllwilhto filii
,.111111 II/ I'llwr 1'1lItllllllllll.c ",1,,111111111111111 "hll h .hl' ,Ilo'dlllillil hill Ihe
tOIi~lIIiihlhl)' III IIIUlulillnlllill' "..I h. IlIillIl/hl ill/.,IIOllllc iI'~I.III"lIl1lJf 1I11111lllilll
unllllwlW/llllllo'llhulIll ,I., I'I/alil
PI hiI'l'l ill olhelWl". pIII,ilk.1 hI' l'iIllllllUl'h II}
III I\1I1UlIu1l11l1t1l1 Mllrll'll' II WtulIlI dlllll IIy 1t.'.UlltlillIulI IIf by lit
...nt IIf ""11111)'1'1' II' lI.rIlUU\lllllulI. U"" III'''''' M'I""11 (11110 1 ,uIIII.,1
mid. bf II" 1111 hl'h.I' ,,'I'll' .uud.llllo,.hllll I.. 1"""11'" 1lIllmllh.
...",1111"11,
...
1411\ 11011 IIVlIII/I. 1I1I11""hlll'I' It 1110 11,1111111111"1111111111
fllllt,m,J'lhl' lit Ihl. ,"hU'ltllll"HMIIU h,l. I ulllllIVlllfr lit II lIumb" IIr
"m"f II' Ih. 'UlllIiMlhlll.
(1111'11 ('SA t)J II (~I\lpIIIUI. "d,I~,j1
III d'l~llIlillillll Whlllpll'LI.~ ,IUIY ." .llIlIIlIIIIIIII LillI! ,. lll'-ud h II Llllllllllllintum
al'Il'lidiUIlIU II UIIII 1l"III", l't'lulOylv\lllllllo'ulIlllllJ\\iU II\11Ml!\! nlllhllllllw hllllllllllilll~IU' '!WI
1'1111'11I1 III lluulln.KiJlll'~UUlllH'IIII~ullilit1wll, WI "II HUII,I If>(l, (jl4 ^ 2d 2/J1('lJl),;!).
<11/II/IIfi.J. 'H 1'" 'II, o,ju " 2.1 I J H. ( I !N41. Ihi! 'IuP'II". ( '1II1I1I1I,,,II,d Ih.lllhtlll.1I1, !1lIlWl\lI,
'IOIIIi t 1114('1 10Ihlll'IIIllIl.llll" wllllumilliJlIIl Iic,llllll 1M llill". Ill, wl",'ul "lluhlllly III
l'UI.UIUIM h' "II.IlI" (I111iohlll HllhllI IIlul 'mlh.1 '"ulillll III Mlillll\llll#lLfllll U"'lllltllll'
AlliHdal <<'Il/llhllullli" llllUuUh," dlll\llljYlll'lmublllj! iiY'I'IUIII Ilw WlIlll\llll ",m,nI. 4<.11""
h
hCWUll\llll hUl'k lip illlH ilIIIIU, I hc SlIpClitll ('lIl11t rCUKlIlIl'd Ihullhc l'IIndlllllillhllllUSslIdotioll'1
IIHUeullll1l11' Ihll CllllIlIHlII c1emcnll wus hCpUIlII\I ill1d "lllllt lhlllllhc 1I11i1 uwncr's pusseslllll1 \If
hcr 111l11vldulll \Inll,lll., 41K I'll, HUller, uI2(,7, 614 A,211 ill 2M.2M, Thcrclhrc, tho ItClltllemell1
.ccllUI1 1I1!tllil11l with IlIjml\lll tll perSHI1S"UlIlside ul'lhc IlIml" Will upplkilhle, (ll1lhls CiI.C, (If
CHllr.e.lhe I'lailllil'/wlIK 0 PCtSI'I1"Ulllhc IlInd" whcn hc WilS Inlmcd,)
Inlhe WllrNe (If itK dcdNilllllhu SlIper iur ('ollrllliXl'lIllelllhe lliml'II11y (If 11 mil nil
Ilpplllpdale rlllcllIII IIpply In the cumlollllllilllll (ilnICKI:
ThelllW of l'IIl1dlllllinhl/lt lSlIlcllIllwly IlCW IIICIl ilnd II \1xpllndlnlll'llpldly.
I Jnfilllllnlllely, lhc 11Iw uf lOll hilS }'cllol'ulCh lip with dcvcluplllcntlln this aren, III hil
olllholllutlve Icxlol1 ClIl1110mlnlullllllw. OIlC ClInllllcllllllur (lplllcd ilS 10 thc 51111e ofllux In
Ihelnw 1I1' thc 100t Iillhllity Ill' 1'1Il1dlllllinllllllullslldull1ll1S:
"Thlll1l1lll cOtC!!"I}' 1I1' SlIh.lUl1livc IIIII' Iclules nol slIlIIm:h lUlIsslIdllllol1uperallllll, hUI
rOlher IlllhllllSSodlllloll'slclulionship 10 Hlhers, holh Its IIIClllbel9 umllhlrd 1'1Il11e5, '1111.
",llIorellver,ullc u!'lhe lIICIIS o!'lIreulcst 1Il'liv!lY III thc puslllvc yeuls ulI<luppenrll
deslllled fhr I11l1le yeulY Ill' dc\'cloplllelllllllll ulIl'ertlllllly,"
Ilynll, Wllync S" I 'ulI<lollllnilll11 ullllllllllleowner AssnduliulIl'ruCtlCC:
('olll/l/lInity 111111 ASlludulillnl'llll:tkc, I'IHH, Alllcril'unllll\' Inslllllle, p,141,
Thc prnhlelllllllllunlly Is Ihullhc lIulllrc ul'lI ClImllllllinhnll hlls 1I11t hcclI
cunlcl11plalcd prcdscly hy Ihe Itcslutelllenl (HcwllIl) or TOII~, At Its hClltl.OIU' pmhlelll
urlscs Irullllhc IrlllulC dunllty or U ",,,"10IlliIlIIlI1l'lunlllre; III SlllllU WII}'N Ihll cOII~lmnlultnll
Iclutioushlp is ukilllll 1IIIIIllludluccIIIllwIlers, ill olhers, it IN like 1111I1 of leNNor nnllleuce,
Ill.. 41H I'll, Super, ul 265.266, lJI4 A,2d ul 2lJ].2M,
III the cOllicK I or our CUSc' Ihc relillillllshlp hClwCCII Mr. t'nllctllltllllhe ('undullllnlulII
Assllcilllillllls like thulor ulcssol' IIlId Iessce, where lhu lessor hns retnlllcll posscNslun and
l'Illllrnlor ccrlllln WIlIIlIOlllllens, IlIul}'pknllcsldellliul (or hlllecll cOllllllcrc!ul) ICllse the
l'OllllllOIl U1cns could Incllldc PlllklllgllllH, HldcWlllks, IIt1ll11lll'rlllr hullwuys, Thc lessor lyplclllly
reluins posselsion ulld cOlIll'lllor these WlllllUln 1II1'nllllllllll1llnlullls lhclll, The lessor pllYllht
7
4, ('ON'l'IUIIII'I'()ItY NE(il.lta:N( ''';
The ClIlldlllllinlulIl ASlinl'illlinll duilllllhlll Mr, ('urrerl Will cllnlrll1ulnrlly nClllllllllll,
Cllnlrlhnlllry nCllllllcncc Is nClllillcnculllllhc pnrlllf 11 Mr. Currurllhlllll II lul1llonllal fuclur In
blhlllinll ahoul MI, CUI'ICli'l injury, The hurllulI is nlll on Mr, Currcrlln prove hlsll'ecumu linm
Wllllihlllury nCllllllcnce, The ('llllllllllllllhllll ASlilldllliun hilS lhc hUlllcn of pruvlnll conlrlhulory
"
(
nellllllence hy II flllr plepnl1llernnce oflhe credihle cvldence, Yon musl delcrmine whelher 1110
.,
Cunduminlum Assodulion hilS pllIvcnllllll Mr. ('urrerl, undcr IIl1lho clrcumllallce. prelcnl,
fllllclllu cKcrclle rCllliunllhle CIIIIl lill hlluwn prolccllulI,
AIlTlIOlUTY: l'a,88JI (('Iv) 3.03,
('
AFJllltMEll
OIlNIllO
9
4, (ON..UlW. u.n' /'oit..IU;,'N(t: I(ONIINIIU)I,
I/' yuu Ii ""111111 II lI~III1~II'Uli ~lIll1ltlillll ".Ilil"", till. ('UlIlllllllllllulIl Au,whllilllllllhlbl, III
M, ('un"" 111'1111 il YIIU 11t1l1'IulI h~ lilli' kllllwll'dllllllllllu ullllIlI~" ul III" ,llIlIlIIIrUIII I,'IIIllIiliulI.
ulIl..*, Ylllllill,llh.','~ ,1111111'" \\1111 1I1I1!1'IUlI"I1II1l\jIIllIIl'!I~I'h"1 II wIn I/II1UllIIHlIlIhh, 'nf lIim hi
( ,,1I(lI\lIil,,1 11111 vlBW ullll" pll'I"Il" ,'I Illli Ulllllllllle (IlJlillWII ..llImllll'II, "f 11111'1' k'"lwl/llllhf
lhtlllllll hI.l fllillUllu ..cadlilllhill ,"ulinn whldl . IlliUtlllUbhllllllll Will, III ulI,.illlUrnlot Ihll "'11I'
~jr~ullIltllllll'lI'
"In IIO'UIV, 11I'1111I ~(jl!IIWiU' .1'Ulf'lIilln.I~A..u~jqlf', 4111'11 Iilll'\fr IoU, fll6 A 211
In (11)\11), "I'I!!!<<I "flllle" HIi I'. (Ill), M1 1\21111')' 1111')41; ""'llllllmonl. !I~lf1d.ln!U tlllll,
"'/IImenlb
^HIRM~U
_ . ~_1.- _._~..
UfiNUlIJ ~.
_ .4Ji<..~_';"
HI
", (OI't1I'AIt,HIVI' NH,UCWNn:
I he (lIull hilI III1'HllIy 11I.IJllLl~" )'IIU IIhllUI whlll )'UU 1Il8)' ~lIluld\lr III delllrmllllllll
",h~lhllllh\l ('lIlhlUlllllliulll 1\..lId.1\11I1I WIIM n~IIIiIl~1I1, w'''lher Mr, ('urrqri wu ennlrlbull1lll)'
U"IIIiIl~UI. 111111 wh~lhllr .Ul h 1I~lIlilleu~". II lillY, Wil' IIMuhMlllllllftllitdur III hrllllllllllabuUI Mr,
I U111'1I'11I1I1I1I II )'IIUlIlIJ, hlllnlllllilllC~ wilh IlllalllllllrUtliUIII, Ihllllh~ ('lIl1JumilllullI
A..Ilt1I1I!"" WII' IIl1l1llll~lIll1l1lj .lIdlll~lIlillelll:1l Will II luh.llIlIlilll flldlll IlIluilllllllllllhulIl Mr,
( IIlIell'. hllllll. )',," IlIu.llh""111lllll"r whelhcr Mr ('unefi Wftl ICIIlI\llblllUrily 1I1llllllllllll, II YIIU
111'..111.111 ~h ('Ullull Will 41111\1 IhulIll II)' 1ll!lIlill~IIII1I1,1 .uch ~lIlIlIibulllry 1I~1I1l1l~1I~(l WII. Q
.ut..llIlIltlllllldlll III hlllllljllllul~"lI hiM hillin, Ih~1I )'lIl1111UII aPIII)' Ihe Clll1lllutllllve Nellllllllncll
A \..I , wlll~h I'wvl,I"1 ill SI'\,lillll I.
11111 hUllhlll1l pllllllliflmll)' huve tJ.;~lIl1ulIly III \'lIl1lrlbulury 1I1lllllllllnCll .halt /lul
bUIIII\l~lIvury hy Ihll plllinllll whutll MlIdlllcllllllen~~ W8' 11111 IIrlllllllt Ihlllllllul
tIlU'illlUllllill~unlllllhc Ilull:lIl1ll11lllr llefelllllllll'IIIl"IIl"1 whllllllecllvclY II
,uUllhl. bLlllIlI)' ,IIIIIIIII/IlM lu.lilillr,1 hy lh~ plllhllilfBhllll he ,limllli.hllll III
1'IlllllllliuIIlll Ih~ IIIIIllUIIlllf 1I~lIlillulIl'l: Ill\lihulell Itllhll plulllllff
I 'n"~r llti. 1111, II )'1'11 flfltllhllllhe I 'lIl11l11lllillllllll AlslIdilllnll Willi ~lIusHlly 1I01l1lllonl a/ld
to" Il,ullhill MI ('II/ICI i WUli 111.11 \IIlIHIIl!y f1~lIlillefll, Ills y"ur Iluly IlIlIPl'lIrlllllllhll rolatlve
,l"ltl~e 1I11Ilu'lIll1elllillell~1l h~lwllelllhe ("'1111111111111111I1 A ulId llli 1111 1111I1 Mr, ('urrerl. In
ili'l'wllllfillljj 1111,1 ~1l1l,"lll1ll1lillell~e yuU .hllul<l n.u Y"III ellllllllOlI .CIINe 111111 eNl'crlcnce III arrlvo
11
ul u ICIiUIt Ihlll i" filii Ilud 11I11"OUllhlu uudcllhe IIIIIN o,.hlli unitlcnl u tOil hllvc Ilcllllllllllllllllu'/11
f)llll1lhe evillcu\'l:,
If YOlllllllllhlll Mr, (.'lIrrllll'l ~"uI!l1 'l'IIUIl'IICII wl\llIr,.I" 111lI1I I,", ~uHIIlfIlIl..1Wf IIf
Iho ('ulldollllllllull AlIllcllllllnlhen Mr, ('urreri II haml'u l'tlltll "IiM.1)' .1Id )'IlUlIHI.IlIul
cunlhler whul dllmllllcl lihuuhl he aWIIf'llllll
If YI,"11nd Ihlll Mr, ('urred'l CIlUlilllucllhllclleo Will c'IulIllIl11r 1t/lllIllIlllh. 1;1I~1I1
lIelllllleneo uf Ihe ('ululollllllllllll Auodlllhlll Ihell YUllulla' liel lurlh III. Pflclmllllltllllf Il,u..1
nellllllence lllldbulllhle In Mr Cutlcrlllmllhe perccuIllllllllf lOIlUlililuclIlIlICIIC' 1I1111hullbll! 11111141
('ul1lloll1lnlum Auucillliull, Thc lullll uflhelie pelcclIllllICN ullIlil he Illll peluul Villi willlh,u
llelenll!lIe the lullllllll1\lUnl of dillllllllCIi hi whkh Mr ('urrcti wUllhl hll elllllle,1 if he hlltllwl hlllm
wnlrihUlnlily nCloIlillclII; III nlher wnrdl, ill fitutillll the 1I111l111111 ul ,jlllllllllu, )'lllllihllUhl tllIl
cOlllider Ihe dClllee, if lillY, Ill' Mr. ('lIlIed'. 1~lIh Allcl' you lellltll )'ullr veldicl, thllli,,"I1 will
leduce the 111111111111111' dlllllllllCI YUII hllw f\llllltllu pllll'lIf'llun tUlh,l IUIIlUIII of Cllll..lll'jlill"WI!
yuu have atttiblllcd tu MI. ('unclI
Tulitlther dlllify IhllHC lllHlfllCllulIS, the Willi willlluw dllulhulu III Il!ll:h Ill' YUill venll,,'
filii II COIlIIIIIIIIlII Mpeclllc IlllCMlllllll, Allhe collclu.llIllul' Yllur dcllblllhlllllll,lill' ClIPY \If Ihlt
filllll Mhullld hClil!llcll II)' yuur lilrelllllll 1I11l1 hili \lIed Iulh,l CIlUlI dClk; thl. will Cllllllltulll )'oUt
verdict. The vcrdlcllillllllCodlllllillhlwl: SHE VlUlIlIC(' nmM,
14
i\1I~1 )I'U l~hUIl)lllll ~,,*'H..Io'IIo~I" IIH~lilhlll_ 1OI11h... \~"h,ll..lIl1; "\1,,,,.11,, )1111'
hlle\ll~lI. Ih~ \HIIII will i1~I~IIII1IlU Ih~ ~llllllllllllllJOlIlWuhll;J III ~h I 'ull"II, It lillY, IlY f\a!lll:lllll
Ihll 111111111111 ul dlllllllllC~ 1111111.1 Ity jllll 1111111111111111111 llllhll IIlIIHII1UllII1l1 ~h ('Ull~!l" \11111141
Wllllllullllly n~llhll"lItU, 1lIIllY lillllllll tflllllllll YIIIIlhll1 y,lU IIlllll11lllllHilkllllllli rllllUlIIIIIl
llIIllM'I\". '" hUll hllill 11011 111\11111111 III MI Illllm', .10111I1111'" 111...1 h',lh \!Y l"U In III""''' \II
Cj"""hlll "
1\\111101111 Y I'i 1i~1I1I'tvl.11J,^
Al'I'lItMIIU _
11I1NIt1P
~
u
/I. MUIIC'AI.IO,,'t:Nst:S
(
Mr, ( '1I11~1 i II ~1l1111clllll hll ~1I11111l:1""1cllllllho PIlIUllIIlllr lllllllftll~lll OXflllll"1
relllitlllllhly Incurtt'lllll' lho ,lillll"lldl, Ireullllllllllllld CUrO III' hll IlI.lUriUI III Ihll f1IlII, '1110"
ONpCllliCl, ill IlllclIC,1 by Mr, ('lined, lIn1l'UlIllll' III,Un, 12i UII 1I1hlhil wlllllll Iuhmlllod III Y"U.
llolllililllllhcso will, fllr y"ur Wlllidctllllllll dllllllllllclilJOrllllllll,
^,JJllIIIIITY: l'Il,SHJlIClv) 6.01^
AliJ1IRMllI>
OIlNmo
II
t/
9, I'AST !.OST I~AItNIN(;S ANIl!.OS'I' EAUNIN(, CAI'A(,I'I'\'
Mr, ('unerlll cnlill~lIl11 he tlllllp~nSI'I~d fi'r Ihc ulllllunluf cllrnhlllllhlll he hallulI up
luthc 111111: uf Iho lrlnl ns llle~ult uf hlllllJUllcs, This IIl11nunlls the l!illercnce helwcen whal he
prohllhly cnulll hllvc l'illllclll'tulli.r Ihe hUllllllllllllllY leKS SUIII which he nctulllly cnrnelllll any
emplnYlllenl, Ills IInl ellenllul10 Ictllvcry Ihlll Mr, ('urrcrllhnuld hllve hcell empluyeJ allho
lime nf lhe ucdd~nt, hul his IIp(lurtuniliellilr ClIIlJlnYlllcnlllrc rclevnnllll delerminllllllho
Ilmoullllhlll he pmbllbly C1111111 hllve ellrned,
The cunshlcrulllllluf IO~1 nf ellrnlllll Cll(lllclty is nllt sulcly the cnm(lllrlllive IImOUII\ Ill'
money cllll1ell by Mr. Cunerl hcliJrllllnd Illlcr hl~ IlIjury. The true tcslls whelhcr III 1I01lhero WOI
111011 nf cpmillll pllwer. Ilud uf uhlllly In enrn mUlley, hCCBUSC nr his Injury,
Mr, Cuncri hils Icsllf1clllhlll pllhe lime uf hlllnjury he wns Ihe snlc (lmprlelur of a repl
cltnk blnklllllllo linn culled The ('urrerlltenll'slnlc ('umpllllY, Whenu hmilleu il slIIlIlI 811111ho
IIICllllle which It (lrmluccs is Iluc prillcl(lnlly In Ihe (lel'8l1nnl services IlIllI illleutilllls uf Iho UWller,
the ne\ prlllllsuflhe busilless 11Iny pfliud n rellnhlc lIlellsurc uflhe uWller's ellmilllls, In
determining Mr. t'ntICll'sluSI enminlls nl\lllhc illlpulrlllelllllf Mr, CUllerl's enllllnll I'upllcllY
enused by Ihe llcchlcnl, yuulllny C11l1shler Schedule (' of Mr, ('unerl's ledcrullu\'llme Ins lelurnl
filr Ihe periuds hcliae IIlld IIller his IIcch"'"I, which show Ihe lIell'wllls nllllloSlel susllllnod hy
hll buslnesl durlnl,llhose ycnn, These fedcrnlllls MUlliS will he 8uhmilled to YUII filr YUUt
cunsldcrullun durlllll your delihcruliuns,
...
r-
A'lTJlOIHTY; I'n,SNJI (('Ivl tl.lllCi ~rhllll v.lle~lIaba. 3471'8, Super, II, 'OU A.2d 130
II)
11. I~N,J()\'l\mN'I' OF I.lJiE
Mr. Cllrrcrll~ CIIllllclllo hc flllrly nlld lIdClllllltcly cUlI1pcnsatcd rur f11111. f1relcnt alld
t\llllrc luss ufhl8 uhUhy tu enjoy nllY ufthc f1ICll~1II'1l8 ufllrc U811 re8uh orhlslnJurlcl.
I~
r AUTHORITY: I'n,SSJI (Civ) 6.011
AFFIRMBD
IlIlNIUI>
23
.
I(c~pcdl\llly SlIhlllllll'd,
D"led:~B
NII~.illrtA,~STINI': L1.('
111"~~...~J IrA-II,b
lIy:_,_WMJ L1A~,L~
TllIllllhy ~l Ails Ie
SlIplCIIIC ('omlll) /l44M71)
IOU I'illc SlIcCI, Suitc ~ IU
Ifllnlhllllll!,I'A 171111
717-221.1111
AIIlll'IICYS li,r 1'1111111111'1
2~
JllSHI'1I J, CIIIlIWIU, JIl"
111111 IWSAI.W M, ClIIUWIU,
I'hdnlllTI
IN TIIH ('ollln IIF COMMON I'I.I\Ml
('IIMIlElU,AND ('( rllNTY,
IJENNsnVANIA
NO, 97.214' CIVIl. '11\ItM
CIVIl. ACTION.I.A W
v,
Wit'!' TltlAI. UEMANDI!U
S\lN(JUILU III CONuoMINIIJM
ASSOCIATION,
I Mendanl
Aml)~ vn Ufi' ti~IlV1CE
I, Timolhy M, AIIIIIIIO, herehy ccrtify llllll nlllhe ~,lay \lfSeplember II)C)lllllUO and
cunecl cOI'Y llf I'lallll\l1l' l'relil1llllary 1'ltlplllclll'nilltN fllr ('hartlo wal lerv'" \l~m Iho
Uefelllllllll hy mallillg II wpy III the 8UIIIO lCIllefomllllll'H nUlltney IIl'ro4;ofll by ntHI d.1I tollular
\lnltell Slulel 1111111, OK lil\l\lws:
Itkhlllllll WiH, h'lllire
WIH, \VcIIIII;r /I< WchlllCI
47()~ !luke Stleet
IIl1nl~"ulll, I'A 1'1IO'},lOI)I}
MedulIlk~"lIIll, I'A \'10H
I wllt'y lhlllthc ~\UlCIIICllt. IlIIlIJC Inlhlli An1duvll are Inlfllrnl41l1tffi;l, I urnllltllllrnl Ihal
IlIltiO .101011I1'111. hCldn UIC .uhlectl\llhe IlIlllaltlcllll' 1IIII,(',N,'4904, relilllllllllllllllworn
t'lIlll1kallllll tllllulhlll i1le.
1l1l1c~Sf:~L~~tt
'( ..,".. . ...,
._~~~~~I ~ J(Ut~
Tlll~~llnc
Hhlllllll /lI. AUlline II ( ,
1ll11llillo SlIcet, Huite ~ 1(1
lIanl.hlllll,I'A lIllIl
117.211.1111
AIl(lfllc~. hlll'llIllllllh
IlIlIulll~ M ^",lIl1u
NIlIIIII " A "011110 II ('
IIMI I'illo ""nl, i'luilo "II
IIlni,bulj,I'A 111U1
2lI,Illl
AII"IIIO~ f\lr 1'lllllIlIllll
l'llllnllm
IN TIll! cOllin 011 COMMON l'I.l!^!l
('IlMnlUU,^NI> COUNTY,
IIHNNHVI.VANI^
NO,1J1.214\ ('IVIL TWtM
JIlSIiI'II J, ('IIIIlWIU, JIt"
1I11lllHlSAIW M ('llIUUiIU,
CIVIL A('TION'I,^W
"
,
v,
JlJlty T1U^'.IlI\M^NI>I!I)
SllN(\IlILU 1\1 ('ONUOMINlIJM
ANNO( 'IMION,
",
Uefcmllllll
1'f,AINTJllII'/j' MOTION I'Ult IISf, UF I'IUU'WIIW Vf.IUHC'1' fORM
I'lllilllilh JlIlleph J ('ullrti, Jr ami ((l'"l/lil! M ('urmi. hy l/mllhlllUllh Ih.ir llllllmo)'I,
!lhlll/in /It AII'linl!ll ,C', ICllpcclll1lly lluhlllll Ihll hlllllWIIlIlI'llllll''''11 \!Il1I11~llhrnl'/Id IlII1V' (hll
Ihc llllllld he IUblllillllllllllhe Jury:
JOIlEPII J. CURRIIH, JR"
and ROSAr.t I H. CURUR 1 ,
P1a1ntUh
IN TIIB COURT OF COMMON pLEAS
CUHBBR1~ND COUNTY, PBNNSYLVANIA
NO. 97-:n4!'l CIVIL 'rERM
CIVU. AC1'ION-'.AW
,lOllY 'I'IHAL Ut:HAN1H;O
I
I
I
I
I
I
SUNOUILD 111 CONDOMINIUM I
ASSOCIATION, I
Defendant I
v.
W."D~'lllIQUUTtiL'.QlIITI.rOJlJ.lu.u.
\-
1. Ladl.. and gentleman or the jury, you are In.truot.d
that your verdict mu~t ~. III ravor or the Defendant,
3. The legal term negligence, otherwl.. kllown a.
carel.aan..., I. the ab.ence of ordinary care which a rea.onab1y
prudent peraon would eKarel.e In the olrcumetancea here
pre..llted, Negligent conduct may con.lat either at an act or an
oml..lon to aut when there I. a duty to do eo, In other word.,
negllgenc. I. the failure to 110 .omethlng which a relllllonably
carerul peraon would do, or the doing of something which a
na.onably oaretul I'ereon would not do, In light of all the
.urroundlng clrcum.tam... e.tabll.hed by the evidence In thl.
ca.., It I. tor you to determine how II reaeo/l/lbly CAreful per.on
wou 1 d Aut In thoe. 0 !rcumetanc.. . l'A~_l1lhll,_{ c.lYl,..:J .Ul,
J. The l>etell,lant ollllm. that the !'lalntUf wall
contr Ibutur Ily "8g lI\18l1t. contr1 butory "eg llgenoe I. "e9119.ne.
all the part or a !'lalntlrt that 18 II .ubetantlal taotor In
bringing about the I'lalntltf'. In}ury. Th. burden I. not on the
I'lallltltt to prove hie fre.dom trom contributory n091lqonoo. Th.
\
lIetenttant hu the burden of provinQ oontributory neQUqenoe by ·
fair preponderanoe of the oredible evldenoe. Vou muet determine
whether the lIetenaant hae proven thlt the Plalntltf, under 111
the olroum.tancee preeent, fallld to eXlrel.. rea.onable e.re tor
hie own protection,
Even It you tlnd that tha Plalntlft wle neqlluant, you mu.t
.110 determine whether the lIefelld.nt h.. proven th.t the
1'lalntlU'e cOllduct wal a lubetenthl factor In br1ncJIIIU about
the pl.lntlff'e Injury. It the lIefendallt ha. 1I0t .u.taln.a th.t
burd.n ot proot, then the det.n.e of contributory neqllqence h..
not been made out. l'A~fUiJl,Jtl'lL,.l"dlJ..
4. ^ Plalntlft who voluntarily a.eume. the rlek ur h.rm
arielnu tram the ne91lgent conduct or . Oefelldant Clllnot recover
tor Huch harm, In It. elmple.t torm, ...umptloll ut rl.k meane
that the I'lalnt.lU h.. \jlven hi. axpre.. cun.unt to relieve the
(
r~
~'"
(
l.,arem1ftllt ot an ohllgatlon to exerule. IJare tor hie proteetlon,
"alld .eJrlle.. to tak_ hi.. dUlneee ae to Injury trom a kllPwn or
po..lble rl.k. 'I'he reeult I. th.t the lIetend"nt, who would
otherwl.e be under" duty to exerol.e .ueh eare, I. relieved ot
that r..ponelblllty, and Ie no longer under a duty to proteot the
l'laintltf .
( I
I, '
,
... 2 ..
A ..oond, and olO.lly rllatlal m..nino i. th.t thl plaintiff
ha. .ntarld voluntarily into .om. rllation with the O.f.ndant
whioh h. know. to involve the ri.k, and .0 i. r'9ard.d a. taoltly
or Impliedly agreeing to relieve the Defendant of reepon.lbility,
and to take hi. own ohancee. Thua a epeotator entering a
ba.eball park m~y be r.gard.d ae con.entinQ that the player. may
proc..d with the game without taking precautions to proteot him
from being hit by the ball. Again the legal result Is that the
Defendant i. relieved of hi. duty to the Plaintiff.
You mu.t therefore determine whother the Plaintiff we. aware
of the faotor. which created the danger, appreoiated It. nature
and extent and voluntarily encountered it under the clrcum.tanoe.
that the Plaintiff waived hiB right to complain about a breech of
duty owed to hi. by the !lefendant.. It you find that the
Plaintiff voluntarily B.Bum.d the riak of . known dlllgar, your
verdict mu.t b. for the !letenltant. IIQw.11..!lL_.J:1Y~', !D] l'a. l!H,
6~O A.2d 110'/ (11193) I 1'4.tHLlIIChl 1.04.
~. A po.....or of llnd I. SUbject to liability for
phyeical harm oau.ed to hie Invit... by a condition 011 the land
if, but only if, he
(a) know. or by the exeruiee of reaeonable care would
di8cover the condition, and ehould reallce that it involv" an
ullreaeonable ri.k of harm to .uoh Invitee., and
- 1 -
, '
(b) .hould expect that they will not di.cover or reali.e
the danQer, or wlll tall to protect them.elve. aQaln.t lt, and
(c) tal1e to exerolee reaeonable oare to proteot them
agaln.t the danger.
6. It you deoide that a witness has deliberately falsitied
hls testimony on a significant poillt, you should take thi. into
oonslderation in deciding whether or not to believe the rest of
hl. testimony I and you may refuse to believe the rest of hi.
testimony, but you are not required to do so. rAL-UUJl (Clvl
h~.
7. A witness who has speoial knowledge, skill, expsrienoe,
training or education in a particular sciellce, prOfession or
ocoupation may give his opinion as an expert as to any matter in
which he is skilled. In determining the weight to be givsll to
his opinion, you should cOlIsider the qualifications and
1\ reliability of the expert and the reasons for his opinion. You
are not bound by an expsrt's opinion merely heO/Hlse he i. an
expertl you may accept it or reject it, as in the oa8e of other
witne..ee. Give it the weight, if any, to which you deem it
enti tied. fA._WIJ..LJiliL2..-l.U.
B. An aooident may be an acoident in the true or literal
.ense of the word, that is, an unfortunate or tragio ocourrenoe
which occurred without anyone being at fault or blame. It you
- 4 -
1./
(lo/wlu", that thl tall lu.tatn.a by thl t'lalntUf \III .ueh an
oO,)UrrlnOI, than you "'Ult. find In favor of lhe Pehndlnt.
l!llllllwn.,jiaUliU1Al lIiUll\.....lUi~t.h AlIul'lnVln 1.1nu.lllQ.. 316
t'.~d VH (ld ell'. 111641/ KlllWIUt..h..., IiIUu.l1Alt.., HI "". lOupeI'. ~67.
161 A,;ld lHi (lfOfll,
!L A (jlltelllt"nt. I cOllduut II "ot a lIulJlt.anlhl 'eotor In the
"iII\I" of .n IClJldtiinl Whllll Lhll 1'lal"tIU'. Injuri." \luuld hive
p"clurea liven It thlilt. lIefemt"nt'e "e'JIIljllIWe hllllt nr,t l>courred.
IiUU.... hanliu., 4ut 1'4. lll6, IIU A,lll t2ll11 (1"1'1111.
10. A lIeqllg.nt aot. by . Deflnda"t. do.. npt. ~.ke that
Pefendant Ilehle to the I'liIIlntlff unll'l It. I, ehnw/l t.hat lhlt
I
negligent lOt. W.. ill IUb"tlntl"l C.Ultii of the 1'IIIntlft'e
InjuII... IiAJl1,L.... AAlllll!lltl. 4011'.. 201). /In A.ld 1~1I0 (tIl781.
11 , 'I'hlil lI_hin"!4nt .1 hllj... t h.t 'hll 1'1 ill n\.l ff Will IUHJ IllIltnt
(
11"'1 hllil IIIUlhj."':. Willi. lulJltilllt III f4\Jtur III IJllmJllIlj about. hi,
"lOll herm. It Yllll find lh4' ,h.fh'y 114/11Y w". 1I111,jllIJelll ellllt that
hili nllllJII'JIIlIlJlil W4I d ,"ubet"nU..1 hulv} III llrlll\lln'J 1I1JUut. hi.
11., Ill, t.hlUI you IIU IllIit }lIptll..1 to "llllly th. l'Ollil'tlUlt Iv. IlllljlhJ4InlJ.
Au' whlt:h Illuvlt1l1l1l
"'I'hlt hct t.h<lt. t1." 1'1 /lllltl tf III11Y /llIV" bfliliill IJU III Y pt
cont,.IlAlllJIY ""'J Il'jellClI ..hll II 1101 l:J41 <I l"IICOV.1Y iJy t.n.
IJlalntltt whlil" Muc/l IU"JIIlJI"'U' Willi "ul 'J,otll.., Ih8"
Hilt (18111141 m"JIIIJ(O"CII ot th. "lif.'lllalnt '"Jlllnlill whlllll
11l1;(JVllry Iii IlPufJht, bllt llllY ,IUlIa'Jli. IiIUlII8. 11Il..1 I'f the
I'lilllltltf Iii/lllll b. lHIllI."I"h.'1 III I,rol'urtlon lu. ha
'IP.ollnt of n.'JII'J.nc. .ttrlbute,1 to th.. l'I"lntlft."
- '" -
Under thie Aot, it you tind thlt the Defendant Wle oaueally
negligent, then it i. your duty to apportion the relative degree
of OIUIll nl\J11glncI between the Olfendant and the l'la1ntUf. In
apportioning the oaulll negligence, you ehould u.e your common
een.e and experiollce to arrive at a relult that i. fair and
reasonable under the fact. of thi. IIccid.llt a. you have
determined them from the evidence. l'lll..I.la.z.LH~lYLJllU.A.
12. The number of witnesBe. offerod by 0118 .ide or the
other doel not, ill it..lt, determine the weight of the evidenoe.
It is factor, but only aile of many factorl which you Rhould
consider. Whether the witnellBeB appear to be billBelt or unbill.ed/
whether they are interested or disinter..ted perRone, are among
the important faotorl which go to the reliability of their
testimony. The important thing is the quality of the teltlmony
of eaoh witneoB. In short, the test is not which eide brings the
greater number of witnesses or presents the yreater quantity ot
evidenoe, but whioh witnellB or witnesses, and whioh evldencl, you
oonsider moet worthy of belief. Even the testimony of one
witnesll may out weigh that ot many, it you heve reallotl to belleve
hi. testimony in preference to thsire. obviously, however, where
.6"
1. "'tIH,HIt,NC t, ot INlltl'tNlltNI ( IINI..,\C 10"
,-
II )lIl1l1mltluu Ih~ l,hYII~ul hU1II1 hi Mt lumll \\!lHUIIW.l III Ih~ !l\illhjjli'II~' 11111"
I
(1
{tJ illll"10IiIl,I~1l1 H1llllillhll hill!lllt) Ih~ 1lli'1~l!\lilnltIlIlHlllllill!Illw 1lIli'1I ~hli'tf tott I 'umifl "II, )'lll
11I11.1 hold lhll 1>\."~IIUjllllli!lblll h.. lhlll tlVllhlllltllll
AlJlIllIlU I \': 6111'i1 {'SJ\ 'HIIl!t~lllll; Uli'lIll1lt;Hltlll, !i\lli!lllli. "1I1l1l'0I,
AI- "'"MhlJ _
IJILNIIlU ~.~
, Ul'Utl It" ,,\tIl~\,( IU 1111111,1 I \ (it N t1(1\ 1.1.\'
( I
\,,,,, "11I1~IUlllhal '~\~11I1 \\1I1l.....I/i!\. 1"'lInlllll~ III 1111I11 '111i1lltllllltlIlIlM 11M Mil
"'IWIIIII 111I1I11I.lI.llI. Oil Ii.h"t' "'~,, "1111\111, 1(I~hdIJ I hlllllll. ",'.11,,,..<1 11.111 hi.
lj\lullll\i1II1I11' III 1I11 '"I'~IIIIII)"I"hlll! J~'lillIlIlI.t .alll\) , ,1I1I11)f I'hllhp JIIUIIIlIl!11I1I1 hlNlitllltllls hi
III. '1llJ1hli\i1I1I'11I ill" d;llo./'I....I..' I". Ih. IMlilklillll, PI 1'1111) I ',i1t1I\l l\lolililll1 11M hI hiM
'l\luhli~ IIIJUII. iU 1II11'flI1I1Illo'lll\ .lIfll(;<1II
^ ""111101 \\h.. hil' .f1~"lid kllll\\Il!l.!I!II, .klll, upcrl'IIIil!, 111111111111. lit "UIIII..IIIIII III II
l'ilI1I\1I1I" '''lIlItll, 111!11\uillll, III t.nllfllllllllllllll) 111\11 hi. lit ''''1 1If111l1llllllli 1I1lllllf1l1rllll hI any'
1IIi111"'1 III "hl\ II hll III .h. 1M .ktllliJ III dIIhlllllUlilllllhll Wl!illhl hllllllllwllllllhIlIlMpcf\'. IIpinillll,
) "" .h..uhl \II11O/lI.r IlIllIjUuhh.illlun. 111111 rllhllhlhly ..III", "'111I11 1I11l1 Ih. l'IlUIllIlM lIivlllI IUI hi.
1'1 h., "P"IWII \'1111 i1111 11111 b..will h~ illl..'....II'. "1'"l1llllllllillily 1~.UII'1I 1111 III .he i. iln lI.pen;
~"\l 1I111} IIIHI'IIII tllil!tlll, iI' III II", .ilOII IIf (llhlil "11111I'10\1. WVI! it Ihc \\'\.'lllhl. 'fUllY, III \\hll'"
IUU ,111.11I11111111I1114
AlII II II IUl V; I'll. "'1iJ I(l 'l\') ~l(J
A H II( MI:Il____,'____~
IWNIW ~.~
,
I ''''''Ihy M ^'''li''.
Shd~lIl &. ^ ".li,lU III'
100 "ino Sll.." !iull.1\0
1I.,II.hUl~, "^ \1101
WoIl',
^ltUfll'~ Itlr "I.iulIn,
JOSI'.II11 J, ClIltlWIU, Jlt.,
illll11WSA1.1Il M, ClIltlWRl,
l'hilolll1i
IN lllll ('OllltT 011 CUMMuN "WAS
CIJMllliltl.ANJ> COllNTY,
I'HNNSn VANIA
NU, 1J7.214S C1VIl.lIHtM
('I VI I. A('TloN-LA W
v,
HiltY TJ(IAL DEMANUliU
Sl1NOUILU III CONDUMINIUM
AssoCIA liON.
Uelcllllanl
l'I.AIN1U''''S' 1'ltI<:UMINAll\' I'IWI'OS.:U I'OIN'I'S .'OIl ('II ARm:
1I1111ulllfN JONeph J, ('UIICr!, Jr, uud Hosnlie M, ('uned, hy nlllllhl'Ou~h Ihelr ullllOley.,
Shll~ln &. AUN.ine LLt', Ic~pL'dfully Nuhlllit the Illllowillll propulcd puints lilr Chl1r~llllllhe jury,
with the IllllpUHCd polllttlll' duu~c Npcdllclllly rClllIcslcd hy the cuurtlls lolh\! Ilandatd (If ellre
llwcd tlllhe plllllltllf liellillth Oil pUlleN S.H hercof:
I. ISM I.," IN lilt, ,,\".' "NUlIl !IWtN Ut 1'lUHlt
Mil '\11f~li .11I11ll~ lhal h~ Ita. IlIjUI~tl ijntlllullllllll\lllll"mlll!~lIllll11 ,,,,ouIlM IIw 'WIlIi_11II1
,"lIdu.1 ,If Ih~ >1I1i1ll\liOlllllllhu P"'II"'I1)' ,Ill "llIdrlllrl.Il, Ihll lilllllll!HtlIII i 'llllduminhll1l
AlIo..>Il1llllll Mt l'un",1I hu. Ih. tIlJ,lI.lllill'w\1I111 hl> .Iilltllll
IIw i '1I/Ill"lIlilliulll A 1I1.HdilliUII 1111111110 M' IIlIlCH" dallnt iUW i1l1l1l1lh ill 1111 illll/Illilliv.
J.IIIIIMllhlll 1\11 i 'rllml \\>11" hltn..,lllIlIlIltl!clll 011111 lhl!1 III1;.h IlllllltllllnlS: "Ill iI iUPlIlllIlllillllWl1"
in hrillllilllllllllllll Mr I 'IImtll'l IlIjllll"'o IIw ( '1I1l1l1tlllilliulII AUlwliI!lltll hili IIIll PllfJ1I1l III
JlIlIVilllllhill 11",111111\1
When 1I11ll/1Y' Imllllle hllfllltlllll 1'11I111111111 fllltll.'ular 1..11"'. lhilllll/ny 'I wllllmliull uIlIIIII\
iime 11I11.1 he e.llIbli.twJ by II hili J1rjlflll/ldlirlllll~ IIllhll II V i"'"",,;:I tw IIvlllell.e 1Il1ll1blllil",1i II
wlllellllllll by lllilir Illel1l1fulera,we ullhlll!vi;JlIllllIll )'Illl "II' 1l!:llIullihl<l lhilllhll HUlllIIlllllll ill
IlIlJlIII',,,bllbly 1I.,Ufiilll 11/1411'1111 Ihllllllul
III PUIIIlllllllhl'l WilY', Ihillk, il )'Hl' will, 1l11!1l11l"illlll'~ blllllli>lIlilllle, willi II pilIl un IIU4:h
,ill.. Ilnhi \11111 ,illllu/' lhllll~MI.., plll~1I >>11 \11th.. "...1"11.11 11IV!ll~bl!l11l111l1Illl.ll~ Wllh lIw OUI"III'II
\lII'Htllf I hlllllhcHlllllf lidu, pi",\; "II \lIthll nl&l"'Il4'lIll1VOlllhl"lllthlll'lhl'llliillY 1t,1If\ltl
IIIn.ilktinlllhu WlIlfltlmlM Wl'illhlllllhl! !lviiiI'll", Yltlll4tl'llhtlllhllltllh"OIII'. 1tVI'IIIlI .huhl\)' HI
l\llh.. .lillhl"., 11"11,....,1111111(11 \lIlhlll'lIl1y wllh ih.. bllldllll \11111111'[ }lllIr Vlllllt~llIlll'l till IHI
thall'"rlY If Ih.. mlll'llIp I\l'il\lI/ IIllh.. \llhc' pilllY' 11/ Ill;: 1'IIIIlIIIy billllll.:"d, Y\llJf .,14i"IIIIUI'
1
I'l' fill 111\: 1'0111) "hldlll..~, "..1 lia", IIw hlll"~1I1111'1\I1I1
lIa!MIll 1IIIIIIIlhll IIllll~lll11 rr"Wlll~lllllllll~ Itllll. Ihll Illlly illl!\lll'or )'111110 11"111.111
IIn"lllIlIlI\'II I<IlIh Ihll IUI<I 11,,1 ..hllllllllll it Iu )111.1. 11111
Ilrlil Wil~ 111lI "lillI/wid III ( IIUJllIlIlIIIU/II A""l\'iaUIIIIIl,,"llllllllllllld Will lilt
11I1I141f11111lU/1I ^..lItlllllun'" IllIl/hl/tOllnlll ~IIhtla/llillllill:liIf ill tJlillllllllllll1llul hMm kl Mr,
('IIrmi'! ^"I Illll~lI lJt:hllll, t.1I ('11111111 hll"lhll hurllllll u,l'lIwilllllhlll 11111 ('lIllllll11l11llul11
Allili\llIllllfl Will 11Il1/111l"1l1. ulIlI Ihalllo lIel/lilll/ll." wa" II ,,"h..llIfllillllulllllllll'llu"11I1I hll llljurl".,
""willi Will ~II tUlrcll hllllllltllll"llhllllllllllld Will IIl1ch 1lI:11lillIlIlCV II lutJllanliallullur
11I11l11ll/llIililhliul MI (11111111'" IIIJIII}'! All '1111"11 ilbuIII, lh" ('lllldllll1lnlul1I AUllcllllllln hllllho
hlH.llllllll"/UIllIlllllill ~li (UIIIlII YlilllllIllhlllllllllllJ lhlll Me Curtlltl'l nCllllllCI1CO Willi A
lIuh"hIJlIIIIII~IIII ill tllu.illY hil inJUIICt
AI I III1I1U I Y, 1111 !i"1I 14'1,1 ~ ~II.I UU,
MI'IRMliU
lWNlI~n
1
t. NtCiI,Ua:Nct,M'H UIC' III ANII.\IW CW C 'AUE.
In this I'Il.v lh" hlW ~.ruhll.hu U ',wlilit ,Iilndllllluf ,'ull1whidl y\lU 1lI11,1 \'llJIlj!lllt
b!llilWillllf Ihl/ IvlUliulI.hip Illllw (lurlln. Mr t'lIneri i. 11 UIlt\IIWI\I!I ullllI/ NUlllluiI!l1II
('l!IIdullItniul1l Mr I 'unvn Idi in un llrt'a .illl",llhl! '\lIl11n\llll I'kIlWIII.""j Ihll \lIndlllllll1iulII.
IlllJllr lhl/ IllW Ihe 1'l'IIl111millhllll 1\"",dUI\ll/llulIllhll lIuly III IIl1lillluillilllllhll WIIIIIIIIII ,,14'I'WIIII,
Ihll ('UWlllUlilliulII 1\00lld,IIillll h Iiiihlvlll MI, ('unwi lor phYlltllllulftn \'IlU.\IJ by II
dlllll!lllllW. 1'lIllllilllllllllll'" 1111I nlllulIillI Vl\lllllllll. llflhll \'lJIIllullltllilllll, if lhlll 'uIlllllrnil11uIII
"'.lIdlllillll by Ihl/ Ill\lldolllll IllllOllllllhl1l 1'111" 1'1111111 hUH! lli"wVI!led Ihll Ulllllililllllllllllhll
1I11/l!Iliunllbh" "ok inl'lIll'l'lI Ihnllill 011111 llIuld hll\lIl11adlllhu UllllliliulI "al",
Mr ('umli \ll1I11I1l..!' lhlllll JIIWII"p"ul whidllh..hillll",d 1'1Il1l11 wulkwll)" frllv,11I1I by
,,,,tllIslrian; WIIIIII \Ihi.h "oul,t het"1l in \\,111 wl'llllwr, WUOll JllllIIC/IIll. Clllldllillll Mt, l'ul'fllli
Ill"u I'lllllenJ. Ihllllh\lllllh1inll ilrlhe Illddelllliilll Wllo 1I111111111'I\IUo wllditiull It il uplu YIIII hI
dl'lnllllnll whlllhllr Ihllbll WII.llIhlll". \lilhlll imhlhlw.llly III in ~II/1lhinallllll, ntllOliluhll'llI
,talllll'lUu>> nllldllillll II ~!lU tlmllhlll Ml (Ill Il'l i'. in.lUli.." "1'1e nlUijlld by 1I111l11I!VIUUI ~:!llldlllllll
""lh" WIIIIIlIIIl 1'1..11I1'11'" oflh.. !illllllllild 1111 'owtOllllllIUlIl, ami if ~ou Illld Ihallh..
("hll,/minimll A"lllhllhlll, hy Ih.. Iflll"ld... 1l111'1I';III11hllllllll' ~lIulll hl/VI! dl'WVI'IIlII Ih,
Illlhllllllllllll.t Ih\! UIU\lIi,wl1l1hl\! ,ilk illHhl'd 1IlV,vinullll nlllld hii~1! madi! lhll U111JitwIIIIIlII,
Ihl'1I }OIlIlU,.llIlIlt Ihllllhll ( 'lI11dll/llillhullI\OIl"llllillll WllI UI!IIUII"III
~
1\11111I110 I Y
III 1....111I.)' hllllht Ih" IllW I'IIl1l'elllinl,llhc dUly uf U wlldlllllinlulllllalilldlltlllll
1I'''llldM thlll'llIlllulllinlUm', Ullit ,,11I1\11" ,. ill II atlll\l uf inl\lncy, It I. dellr Ihlll a ,umllllllinhlln
1l..".lllll"nlllllY l1II hlll;\ Iillhlll in hill I" II ullil "wnllrl hlll'ennMyl\'III1IIlIJllihlnn ('"ndulllilllulIl
1\11 "pI.'l'ilIl'lilly IIUlh,lt!i.llM 11Iw.uit. II)' Ullil "" 111I1. IIllulnal wml"lllinlum UM.u!'illlilUIM 1IIIIul1>>:
. ]) 1111111111\11 1'''"lllll' lli.hillly
tillll;lIl1':IIIIIUI..."
I II All ilt'II"1I III lull ullt:llinll II "1Il1lt,\ .Iune hy II Ikdllllllll or hi" IIllenll1f
"mpluYlo'4l in Wl\llCl'lillll ".tlh 1I (I"'111111111 011)' I'lllll'elllhll! 1I1 Wilhdl'lIWllhl1l nllll
\l.la" lit IIlhel pOIli"nllllh... l"IIlI"lllillllllll Ilhid. IIIlI dl'llulUlll hll.lhc
'."jlI.lIIl,lhlllly '" llliHllllllillllllV IH.llw l>llIllUhlllll"ill.1 Ihe 1I,,"u"'"1Iunllf ullulllNlll
uIlilllWIIll' IIlh.'1 IhulI II 11.-1111111111
(211 Ht'plll' "Ihllml,.e 1'1,,'I,kd hy l'iulllllIIl'h (I):
II) '\1111<'111111 III lUll IIl1fllllll&lI 1\'1'11111& dUll II II)' Ihe ll"O.'llIllon Ilr hy Iln
_.'01 III fllIl,llI)'te ul Ihll Illlill.llillllll,lIr 1I1111.lIl1l1llfl,lnll rWIlI II cUlllnrl
...Id. by or un bthlllr ul Iht Ilnudllllon. ,111111 h" hrollllhl 1l1l1I11I'1 Ihe
...urllthlll,
...
."1 ^ unit ol'lnn 1M nul 11..,.,lullrll rrllm hrh1llh11l1ln IIclllln
fllnl''''J,IIII,,1 lot Ihl. oulunlllln hrl'lluu! h. 1111 UnllllWllfr lIr . m.mher lIr
IIMnr lit tbll ...,,1'11111011,
lilt 1'" ('SA '1111 (~ml'l\lj"I" ,1lJ<l~<l1
In d~I~I\II11l11l1I \l.hllll'"ldall duly iiI 01111111111\1111' 1'111'.1. IIweLl hy " ~Ulldllltlllllum
1l....dlllhillIIlIlIlI1l1IlWIIH, 1'~lIllljylvilnlll Hilmi hllVlllllOllled 1I~1'llnllluw I'wllllll1ulUIIUUI fllct
I'illlflllit InlUllllh \" ).~'I UUW1L,:IJIII.lmnlJlIWlI, olIN I'll Nllpcl. 2(IU, (1141\,211261 (1\11)2),
,tlli'/II~,I, <j 1., I'll <j I. Mil A 211 12111 ( 1lJ!J41, Ihe Supclillf . "'ull upl'lIcd HIlHtlllclIIenl,/jeclInd,
1.'lh . \64(Ie 111I11~ 111111"11 III o.lIlIIllIllIilllUIlI S.'lllnll .1114 IllIle" Ihc rlllclill"l.lublllty of
I'\""~""N.IH I'I'IOI'JU tIUb..I\lI,1 Ihlll,lInJ hlllllll ('f1llllilllll.r Mllinll'nan~c 1I(1)ullllcruU8
MIl/kllll ('OlwllIlllI.' IlIlUllUh. II d~lcllI\C plulllhlnll Hy.llIllIllI thll I'lllllllllln clclllenls clluled
to
""
... ('UNlUllltll(m\' NI':liI.Ua:N('E
'I he ('\lml\lmlllhllll ^u\ldntl\lll duims Ihllt Mr, Currcli WIIM conlrihulorlly IICllllllllnl.
I'\lntrihul\lry IIclIlIllCIICC l~ IICll1illCIICC \llIlhc plll1 \If U Mr.I'urrcrllhlll18 U NuhllUlIlIulluCl\lr ill
htillllhlll UhllUl Mr, I'unwi's Ii\iury ,I hc hUllkll is 11\11 \III Mr, ('urr\1ri Iu pl'llVC hlllreedomlrolll
l:lIIIllihuh1ry IIcllllllcllI'C lhc ('\lllllllmilllulII ^ssudlltlllll hils Ihc IlllrllclI uf pmvillll COllltlhulory
IIclllillcllce hy a lair plCpullllcrllllcc \If lhc crcdihlc cvidellcc, You musl dclcrlllllle whelhcr Ihe
('lIl1dollliniulII ^UUdllllllll hilS prllvclllhlll Mr, ('UlI'cri, under 111\ the clrcumllance. f1relenl,
fail cd 10 eNerdsll ICIINOllllhlc cllrc fl'r hil OWII ptllleCliulI,
^IJIIIOIUl \': I'II,SSJI (l'ivl,l.Ol.
.
M....IltMml
lJllNlm>
I)
of, ('()N1IUIIIIIII!t\' NI':liI,J(..:N( '.: II '1IN1INIIU)).
I, In III'U/lll1tillll Illwlht'l MI I '1IlIl'll 1\1I~ 1I\'IIlillCll1 hll~lIU"C hll pro~ccdc" IICrolllhc
IlllVClllclI1 wlthllllllhc IIhllil) III ,~'.. III\' 111111111'1, )1111 ,hllllhl I'lIll"hll.'r Ihc dCllrcl1 III'
IhllkllCU Illllllhciullilklllillllllll MI l'IUll,,,'N 11IC'CIICC ill thc plllcc llfdanllcr,
AIIIIIOlUl Y: U1k'llb..~.llllUU,l'll1.lbwllll. L.:UIP4lUIlWU. 112 I'll, (I~, 7Cl. :I A,2d Hl 1.8l3 (\ 938),
AI'I'lItMhU .
UHNlHU
II
~, ('0I\1l'.\1(I\11\'1' NtW,Ua:N( '.:
I h\1 ~'IIIIIlIIII' Ilht',"h 11I'11 IId~11 ) ollllhlllll ",hill y"lIllIlIY ~IIlulder III delerllllllhlll
wlwlh~r lhll ('1111111111I111111111 """"111111111 ""' 1I~1I1i1l~1I1. whclllllr Mr, ('mrcrl WIIS ~ulllrlhullIrlly
IIcllhll\'III, 111111 "IWllwl .u, h IIl'1lhll\'II\L', 111111), \\II~ u8uh.llllllllll ""~Iur in hlillllillllllhlllll MI,
i '1111\'11" 1111111I II )011 Ihlll. IlIllHOlllulIIII "ilh IheN~ illNltUCliulI', IllIIllhc {\'lIdulIIlnlulII
"","'LIlIUo" 1\1I'"I'~hll"lIll1llll ""1h 1I1'lIhllellL~ WIU 1I8uhNI1Illlilll tiKlnr 111 hrlllllillll ahoul Mr,
1'11I1\'1'" lUll III, )oU 1I1111111h'1I \'III.I.!~1 \\h\'lhcr Mr ('ulILri WlIN Wllllihllltlllly lI~lIlillcnl,I"Yllu
1III,llhlll~" IUflctl "il"I'Olllllhllllllll) IIL'II Ii IlLIII 1I11l1 811dl cIIlIlrihulllry IIclllillclILC WlIS a
,"hll'~1I111l1 11ILlIII III hfllllllllll uhlllll hi. hllllll, lhell )IIUIIHISllIppl)' Ihe CUlllplllllllve NellllllellLe
^~I, "hlth 1'101\111"111I ,"",,11,,"1
1I1I111ILl IllItllIplllllllllllllll) hilw heelll/.llilly III'\'IIlIlIlhulol)' lIelllillcllce Shillllllll
IIlIllIl\'tll\\'I) h) Ih\' pllUlllill l\hLle Much IICIIIiIlCIICC WlIN lIulllrClllcr 1IIIIIIlhlll
\ lIuIlII 1I\'~Ii~\'lIn' 01 I Ill' lIetCII<llIlIllIr <IetCII<llIIIIN 1I111111lN1 wholll "LlIvery II
,,,ullhl. hlllllll) I11IU11I1l~N NU"luillt,,1 hy Ihc I'IlIinll1l811ll11 he dilllinished in
1"01"'11111111111111' 1IIIIIIunllll IIclllillcncc 1I111ihuIClllo Ilw plulllllll,
1IIIIIt'I Ihi, 111'1, il )1111 nil.! lhllllhc ('ulIll"lIIlnhllll ",sudilllun WIl" Lllu.ally IIclIlIllenlllnd
11111 111111 Ihlll Mr.1 'lI11ell WlINlIl.II 1'11I1,"11)' "CIlIiIl~III, ill" your dUly III IIppllrlllln Ihe rellltlve
111I1I1C~ III rllllNulllL'lIlillClll'C Iwlwcelllhc 1'lIlIdullllnllllll ",.odilllun III1lI Mr, ('UIIWI. In
1ll'IIIIIIIIIIIllllllhc L'IU""IIWIlIiIl~II\'tl )UU whllulll use yuur ~lInllnlll1 Nell~tlllllll eHperlcllee III arrive
11
11111 rcsult Ihulls fuir Ilnd rellSllllllhlc undcr lhc fucls ul this Ilccidellt liS )1111 hilI c dcll'lInlllcd thclII
liullllhc cvidclICC,
If)'ou Ilmllhal Mr, Currllrl'. cUUIUlllClIllllcllce Wllllltcaler Ihulllhll cllululllellllllcllcllllf
thc CundulIllnlulIl A8Ioclallon Ihcn Mr, Curreri Is burred from recuver)' ami )'ou lIeell 11111
consider whllt dllllllllles should he Ilwllrdcu,
I I' )'OU Ilnd lhlll Mr. ('urrcri's l'uuslIlnel:llll:lcnce WUI cquallo III ICIiI 1I111n Iho caulal
nCllllllcnee of the ('lIndullllnlulll Assucllltlon Ihen )'ou lIIust scl forth Ihe percentullol of clIllsal
nCl:lllllcncc ultrihutuhle lu Mr. ('ullcd Ilnd the pcreenlullc uf clluslll nCllllllcncc IIltrihlllahle hI thc
Conllolllllliull1 Assoclulilln, Thc 101111 of lhcse I'crccntllllcH lI1usl hc 100 pcrcclIl, Yuu wllllhen
determine Ihc tullll UII1UIIIlIllfdllll1l1ges lu whkh Mr, Currcri wuuld hc elllitlcd Ifhe had nul been
ClIntributOlil)' negligcnt; III ullwr wlll'ds, inlindinlllhc IlIllUunt uf dUII11llleH, you Sllllllld nol
cunsldcr lhc dellrcc, If 1111)', uf Mr. ('urrcrl's limit, At\cr )'UU rclum )'l.ur wrdkl, Ihe cuurl will
reduce the IlIll11unl of dUIIHlIlCS )'OU huvc lilulld inllropurtlllnto the umountllf cauIlIlnollllllcnee
)'OU have Illtrihutcd 10 Mr. ( 'urrcr!.
To furl her clarify thcse Instruclions,lhe courl will now dlstribulu 10 each uf )'OU II verdicl
limll cllntlllnlng specll1c lluesllolls, Allhc concluslollof )'our dcllbctllllolls. Olle CIlflY Ill' Ihll
limn shlluld he Hlllncd b)' )'our lilrCllllln Illld hllnded lolhc cllurl clerk; lhl. will conllilulo )'our
vcrdkt. lhe vcrulelli.rl1l rellds liS liJllowa: SIIE VElH>ICT FOltM,
14
9, I'ASTI.OST 1':AUNINc;S ANII 1.0S'II':AUNINCi C 'AI'A( 'In'
Mr, ('urrcrll~ cnlilkll hI hc clllllllCn~ule\llpllhc nn\llulll pI eillllillll~ Ihlll he hll!! hl!llUp
Illlhc Ihllll111 Ihe Illnl UN U rehuh 01 hiN In,illtieNI hlN 11l1luUI\l iN Ihll .Jiller~'ncc hclwcell Whul he
prohuhly clluld huvc cllmcd hUl )(Ir Ihc hllrllllllld uny le!lM "UIII "hkh he uclulllly cumell illllny
CI1lI'IU)'II1CIlt. 1111 Jwl CNNCl1lillllll re(Ovcry IhuI Mr, C 'uttcrl Nhuuld huvc heclI \1l1lplll)'cd 1I11hll
lillle III IhcllCcldlllll, hut hiN uppurtullilicN IiII' ClllplllYlllclIlllrc IclevulIl illllelenllllllnlllhe
UIIlllUllt Ihlll he pmhuhly cuullI huvc cumed,
Hill Cllll~ldcrulillllllllllNN or l'i11l1inll cllplldl)' iN lIul Nolely Ihc ClllllflUlllllvc ull10lllllul
lIIulley cllmcll hy Mr, ('urreli helillc ulld litleI' hiN injulY. lhe Irue le!ill!! whelher ur nllllhcrc WUI
U Inn 01 cumlllll power, Ilmlul IIhilily In ClllllmnJley, hccuu~c 01 hiM iIlJUI)',
fllr, Curreri hUM IcsliliclIlhal III Ihe lilllc ul hiJ illjury he wu~ Ihe Illlcl'rllptlelor of a rcal
cstllle hmkctngc finlll'llllell lhc ('IIIH'r1lh'ul (<;slalc ('llmjlllllY, Whellll hU!iillcul!i JlI1l1l1l1lld Ihe
IIlCllll111 which it prlllluces IN due prillclpally lulhe per~PIlIlI bervlccH IIlld nltelllioll!i oflhe OWllllr.
Ihe Ilel pmlllN uf the hUHllleNH IIIIIY llllimlll rclillbll' men"UII! ufthe uWllcr'N ellmlllll~' III
deterOllllill1l Mr, ('urrerl'~ IUNI callIhlllN 1I11lllhe hlljlninlleut ul Mr. ('UllIIri'. cllmlllll Cllplldly
CIIIINed by thc uccldelll, YUllmuy ~'ullNidcr Sdll'.Julc (' uf Mt. ('ulleri'l f~lIcml hlWIIIC lu~ Iclums
lilllhc pcrlllllN hefilrc unlllllkr hi!! ucchlcllt, which Hhuw lhcllcl pmlhH umllplHel BU!illllncd hy
hl~ huslllc~~ dUlilllllhose Yl'lltH. lhc~l' fcllcrullnN n..tuml will he Nllblllhlelllu you lilt YUllr
wllHillerutlull during Yllur dcliherullonH,
AIJTIIOIUTY: ('u,SSJI (('Ivl (),Ol(': S~lhllll v,lIell~d~r. 3471'", Huper, II, ~O() A,2d 130
Jl)
t J. tllltJIU: I'^IN ^NlI "1!tl't:lUNCi
Mr ('ul/~ri ialllllllllld lull\: lilill~ lllltl tlIllltlUllIIII~ wm~nllll\lll tiff Mllllh ph~lillllllllll'n,
IlWlllilllIIIIIUi,h, tll'ClIIlII\1I1. illtllll\lIl11elw\lull\lllhlr~"llM ~llll bltlililVII h, will \lnll"", In !Ill!
'ullU" /I' II ,,,.ult III hillnjulk.
AIIIIIOIHl Y I'IISSJI lCiv)(dllt
MflMMUU
11l!NIJiP
21
I HI 01.1:.1(
y,
I I" 'I'llt: COUn'!' Of co"",oH l'U:u Of
I CUHURt...\IW couN'I'V, ..iWHIVLVAIHA
I
I
I "IVI/.. AC'I'lOH ~ t...\W
I
I
,
I IlP, 1I""~UIl ('IVH, 'I'J\i\M
JOil," J, cUM.ial, Jk,.
and MPIALIK H, cURRiNl,
flillnt1tt.
IUIlQulLP 111 COHPOMlN1UH
AlIIIPCUTION,
Pe f end."\ t
IJLAll. ..fAl'l'lUAJ.. .l;QJtl'lJWt"
A pretrial cOnferenol WI' n.ld In tnl gb....r. or
JIJIt,. oln tn the OI.,(lIlIl~W.Ilt. ionill! tou. on WlIc.ln,'dIY, AU",YI' U,
1"'. fr..ant on ~.hllf of ..1.lntlff. WI' TI.othy N. An.tlne,
i.qulr.. ..nuulint. on blhalf uf !J.hHlllant. 10/., flIohard It. Will,
~equh..
Thl. I. 0 nlqllgllngl Ictlan fp, p.,aonal In1"rl.'
allllgedly luff.rld by "1.lntltt Ja..ph J. currlrl, Jr., whon h.
.11111'''111 llfiq tall on lea 011 UII""nd"nt'lIi pniffil.1li on NOV"ulib.r U,
lllll~. 'lalntltt ko.alll H. CUlllrl IU.. fpr lu.. Df uoolortllt_.
InuII' In thlil (Ja.. Inpl.l.,lItl nllgllgtinCII, l'ontrltJultJlV n.~I!\J.np.,
"lIll daAllllJ... I"I.lntlft ,J(l..ph ,J. Curnnl, ,Jr., WlIlt..
..It-,,.plaVed r..ltor at llle l1.1i Pf the .upldlnl.
'l'h Ie will bl I jluy h hi In whlph ""I,ll ald.,
I'\lfllll./ll to In l1l\HIl.mlilllt pf OUllIiUI, will h"v. tPlll I'lIf.lIlptory
plulHIHlllu, tur Il lotal of .lllht. 'l'h.. ..tlmU.,! .I\lnthm Df
trl.1 I. thr.. dlly.,
Tn thti ..t.nt th.t .ny VldeatapliId depoeltlana to
be pr...nted to lhl jUlY requlr. (ullnllll by thti Courl un
UhjllutlUlI8. uuun..1 are directed tP furnish tu the CPU(t " DOpy
nf the tlilllllWi Ipi of !Ouch delH,elt lOll, \11th th.. IHII". pf
IIhh"" 1011 bfilll'l 1'\HIIlllild Id"hl h,ht".l /lIH) br 10" m"'lfju(ilwl. In
llul'l'"rt lit tI...11 1""I""Jtlll" I'mllll""Ij, ('wHlIl..l iU" IlllilP
dh.ottHI, at h'''IIt. Ihlll" <l4VII 1,.lur to tli", "I,ml,.r".""..,,1 lit th.
trial t.rlll, to IIlIlJmlt II..llmllliUV l,rul'''...,II,olnt. (..... ""U\l1I 011
t1111 .upjout uf tll. ot.'lllult "t (tUI 0101.<1 t\.l t'1.llitlft ,)(,..ph J.
Curr.rl In thl_ 0...' It "..p.4r8 thlt Hr. CUllIiIl1 101.. "
oundpllilnlllll own.r (lJdtin,1Int 1l.lli'l tho ,",undo.lnlulIl ....ocl.tlon)
and the rtilltor who had .uld lh. COnd\.lllllnlUIIl. lu varloue uwnere.
lIi1t.nd.nt hillil ...,hl... It. 1,..t."1 IUllfillramll"_ tv
Indlo.l. that an addltlunAI 10/1111... to Pili call1l4 PV tho
O.f.ndant .av b. a.raldlll. No...... 1 , 411 0.1'101'.. ot Ih.
PlAintiff, whu wuuld tOlltlty uonulllnlll'l lhll lIublllut of lo.t
.arnlng. "ml .unlny eAI'Aulty. In ..ddltlun, It h.. 1:>..1\
etlpulatoa t..y clJUn.ol fllr thll lI.fondAnt thAt tha lioclliant In
thl. ea.o Dopurr.a In An .r.. of the condomlnlulll pruperty which
",oula bo oh;u.otorla.\I a. . POlllROn .I....nt. fUlth.rJllllr.,
coun.ol tor It'll Ulf.mlanl h.. IndlcAte,l lIiat ..dlc,,1 ta.tl.onv
will not b. requlrld from the I'lillnlltt to IIUr'rlO~t lit. t.ati.any
that h. broke hi. le{J In th. ",wlIlcu,t And thAt" H"j w..
In.llrtad Into tha IllY {llItlll'J aUIIJ.ry All .. OOIl.IIlI"liIWliI. JlnaHv,
uUlw..1 for th.. Uet.lldilllt hall Inltluiltll,I that l'IJlllltlff m.v
l..tlfV .. to hi. m.dlual .~plill... wlthuut m.dlu,,1 t~.t.lmonv tu
a"ppurt thfil l'ropu8lt loll lll.t they wfilr. hll', lIllUIJ/J/lblll, IIn"
naml...IV Ullll.1 tll. ,1 II {)um.t All':...
by ..parlte Older of Cuurt, tllll Plalntltt'.
motion In 11.ln. ha. b.en d.f.rrlld to th. triAl uourt for
dl.po.ltlan durlllY trl.l b...d on tlla ....Idllne. III the reourd at
thAt tlm.. 111 Addlt.llIll, bV 1I.I'Arat. ordll. \If COlllt, ,;.rllln
am.ndmlllt. to the ..1.lntlrf.' uampl.lllt wa.. approved.
With .40111'''1'\ to ..lilllfilm"nl IlII1Jutlill!{J/'..
I'IIlllltlffll ha..... ,t"'III" 1 111..,1 III_ I>UlI' lit .I\I~.Ullll.Ull. 11",1 Ilfilfllndilnt
hlHi offill ",t t II.. bUill "t $~UIIIJ.IJIJ.
JOUlPII J. CURIURI, JR.,
and ROSALIE H. CURRERI,
("alntiUe
IN Till COURT 01' COMMON I'LIAS
CUHPIUU.ANO COUN'rv, 1'lNHJlVINAHtA
NO. 91-3145 CIVIL. TERM
I
I
I
I
I
I
BUNGUILO III CONDOMINIUM I
ASSOCIATION, I
Oehndant I
v.
CIV I/.. AC'I'10N-I.AW
.JlJflY '1'IH AI. IlEMANDED
g.,.,DAII'l"llWIQ1WIIlIlH IQJl l'al.~.IALggu'Il.IIQ.
Submitted by Itlchar<t II. Wh, cllunsel for Defendlnt
1. Ildl!. Ilummllry QLCUI
Plaintiff has alleged that on November 15, 199!l at 711!l p.m.
he ellpp.d and fell on .ome Ice on the parking lot of the
aungulld III Condominium. Plaintiff allege. that a patoh of Ice
had formed on the parking lot where water had ctlacharged tram the
down spout of a garage dUll to melti"'J Bnow from lhe root.
;.I. Btatemltlt..Q.LIIllWlIl
a. Negligence of Defendant
b. contributory negIlgence/aaaumptlon of rlak of Plaintiff
o. Whether lJefendant'e ne'lllcJDncII waa II subatantlal raotor
In bringing about plalntlff'a tnjurt...
d. CompllrativB Negligence
e. Amount of Damages
3. Bt.QYUal1.ADwldmenld...,tIL.flelldinIJII
None.
4. ~dmi..lgn.-lLQm~I~to be Made Part of the R'Qo~~
None.
5. 8tipulat~on.
Defendant r.queet. . Stipulation .. to the authentioity Of
medical reoord. and employment reoord. 80 .. not havI to oall .
recorde euetodi.n.
6. liitnUUL.tO b, caUll4
a. JOY Lueas
b. Kristine BOWler
o. Donna lIels
d. Robert L. Robbin.
e. .10hn II. /lhodes
t. Harlin J. Wall
g. Perry A. Eagle, H.D.
h. Eric Weltihane or other repre.entativ. trom wel.han8
Construotion, Co.
7. hb.lb.U.I
a. Plaintiff's medlcal records
b. Plaintiff'e employment reoord.
c. Plaintiff's tax returnl
d. Photographs of eeene
e. Upper Allen Township in.peotion reoord.
t. Architectural drawings
q. plaintiff'. Complaint in civil Action 96w5J49
h. Bunguild III condominium Assooiation'. reoord.
i. Welshans Constructlon company'. reoord.
j. Recorda cf property Management
B. Pllmaae.
See Plainti ff / S l're-Tr ill 1 Memorandum
9. atttement of anv Objection or Evidentiary Problem. t9 Q'
Resolved
None known at this time.
10. Special Requlltl
None.
11. ~Btimated Time Ne,~ed for Trial
3 daye.
Re.pectfully eubmitted,
WIX/ WENGER' WEIDNER
by 1~/('/J't 1,1 {' / ( 'IX
IUchar II. W lC, \!:eq.
1.0. No. 07274
4705 Duke street
1lIlrdeburg, PA 17109-3099
(717) 652-8455
\ ?~
AUG 2 1 19~J;\
Tlmuthy M, An.llne
ShnKln & An.lhlc L1,C
100 Plnc Sllcel, Sulle ~ 10
IInrrl,hlllv,I'A 17101
221.1111
JOSI\I'II J. CURIUlRI, m.,
IInd ROSAl.IE M. CUIUUlIU.
1'1111nllfll
IN TllIi COURT (}J! COMMON IILIlAS
CUMnmU.ANI> cOIJNTY.
I'ENNSYI. VANIA
NO,IJ7.2145 CIVil. TERM
CIVIL ACTION.LA W
v.
JlJlW T1UAL I>EMANIJEI)
SUNOUILD III CONDOMINIUM
ASSOCIATION.
I>l:fendnnl
I. Sl'An:M.:NT OIII1ASIC .-ACTS AS TO LIAIJILlT\'.
This Is II slip and filII cllse. On Novemher 15, 1995, nt 7; 15 p,m.. while walklnlllo hi.
I!lIr11gc 1I1lhc Sungulld III Condominium where he lived. 1'llIlnllfl'Joseph J. Curreri. Jr. slipped
IInd lell Oil II plllch of ice IInd hrokc his rightlcl! In two plllces. The Defcndant Is the unll owners
IIssociation ofthc Sunguild III Condominium orglllll/cd under 68 I'II.C.S.A, ~))()I.
The ice un which Mr. Curreri lell had lilrmcd where wuter hud dlsdlllrl:led fhnlla duwn
spout unto Ihe wlllkway und fro/en, The down spuut wus deslgncd IInd pluccd so 1111I1 it
dischllrged Wlllcl' dircctly OlltO the wlllkwuy. No precautions hud heen tllkcnltl diveI'I wuler I' will
thc point of dlschllrgc IIwuy lhllu the wlIlkwlIY. No prel'lIullons hlld heell laken 10 prevcnllce
l'lIlle I
from forming ntlhc point of dischllrgc, such us lhrough thc uppliclltionof chcmlculs, gravel, sllnd
or othcr untl-slip or anli-skid mulcriuls. No prccuutlons had hcenlaken10 rcmove lhc lec tllllt
had limned. Thc lighting allhc uccident site did nol pcrmlt Mr. Currcri to sec the icc Ihat hnd
fonncd. The COl1\1nOI1 e1emcnts on which Mr, Currcrl fell wcrc construclcd in 19R9,
Mr. Currcri excrciscd duc curc at ull times und wus notncgligcnt.
II, STAn:Mfo:NT OF BASIC FACTS AS TO UAMAm:S.
At Medlenl Ell/eDses.
In Iillllng on thc icc Mr, Cmrcri Ihlcturcd his right tibln and I1bula. lie was transported 10
Iloly Spirit Ilospitul whcrc u cusl wus pluccd on his leg, On Novcmber 28, 1995 Dr. IUchard
Boal, an orthopedic surgcon, pcrlimncd an "opcn rcducllonlntel11al I1xatlol\" Involvinglhe
placement of an npproximutely 14-inch mCIlI1 rod und two 2-lnch screIVs In his 10IVcr Icg. Mr,
Curreri undcrwcnl u second sllrgicnl procedure upproximutely a IVcck IlItcr bccause his Icg WIIS
crooked, Mr. Curreriincnrrcd mcdlelll cxpenses related tothc nccldcnllotllling $18, 087.12.
n. Lost EurnlllllL
At thc lime of the IIccidcnt Mr. Currcri IVUS II self-cmploycd rC1I1 CStlltc hrokcr. As u result
of the uccldent Mr. CUlTerl \\'us unuhlc to ullclllllo his bnsiness IiiI' u period of severulmonths,
und ther~'nner only ul u diminished Icvel which increased through culendur yeur 11)l)6.
The physlcullimltutions on Mr. Curreri's business actlvltics causcd by thc uccidenl
continued untllupproxhnalcly thc cnd of 199(" bUllhc ncgutlvc IllIpucton Mr. Currcri's cumings
cuntlnucd Ihroughout culendur yeur 1997, Inlhc lustlilll yeur hclilrc his uccldcnt, 1')<)4, Mr,
Currcrl cumed net prol1ls of $4\ ,941.00 Ihnn his buslncss. In 1995 Mr. ('uncri curned net prol1ls
Pagc 2
uf $34,241.00 frulI\ his husiness, in 19l)6 Mr. Curreri suITclcd unci Ion of $1.I3H,OO from his
buslncss, und In 11)97 Mr, Currcri sutl'ered ullcllo.. uf $6,1)70,()O Irom his huslness. Tuklnll Mr.
Curreri's 1994 cumlnlls us UII\CUsurc of his cumlnll cupucily, Ihe loss IIfeuminlls cuused hy Ihc
uccidenllhroullh 1997 wus $99,fllJ{),OO,
C. 1'11111 alld Suffcrlllll.
Mr. Curreri suffered puln when he fellund hroke his lell, und Ihroughoul his
cllnvulesccncc, Mr, Curreri is likely 10 huve u lI\elul rod in his lell for Ihe resl of his life, and
periodically expcriences a dull ache ur pain in his lell, The accident and surllery alsoll\ade Mr.
Curreri vulnerable III furlhcr Injury 10 his rlllhllcll und unkle, and in focI he re-injured his lell
simply by sleppinlllln 0 lIurden hose in AUllust 11)1)6,
During his convulescence Mr, Corrcri WIIS unllble III propcrly hut he or clolhe himself:
prepare his own lI\eals. und pertill'lllul1\yriad III' other day-tll-day uClivities. This lI\ude him
Ilreally dependllnllln his wife 1I1ll10thers, which caused him incunvenience, ell\bllrrUSSlIlent and
personul humlllllllon.
During Mr. Curreri's cunvulesccnce his 1Il0ther wus Inlhe I1nul sluges ofu lel'lnlnal
illness and died. Ilecuuse he wus huuse-hound ulthls limc Mr. Curreri wus unuhle 10 rellulurly
visilund cure for his 1I\0lher durlnglhls perilld, which cUIIRed und cllnlinllcs III calise Mr. Curreri
Illentulungllish und suffering.
n. LoIS of Enjuymcnt of Llfc.
Ilefllre Ihe uccidenl Mr. Curreri hud corned 1\ second dellree hluck helt In Tue Kwon Do
IInd rellulllrly enllllged in this pursuit, Tue K won Dills n limn of Kurean II\l\rllal uris and was Mr.
Curreri's prill\ary alhletlc uCllvily, cunslillllinllu slIurce ofphyslcul as well as menlnl well.helng.
('ulle 3
liuuLll V.~'IUtllllll'umlulliliuwu. '17 I'll 'I. Mil ^ 2d127(1 ( IW41; Itc~tlllcllIclIl uIII1l1.,
(S~'nIJlIII. ~ 1114 (1%' I
U. Alr.1.'.ur.ruC. huurll.n'cc. l..""" Iu' alalrllrlur. IIf UIllu Ar,ll\rlll
(.'UII~IIII1DiUlJhL('\Ib1Q1\1Q EI,w.nll Wblrb lb. ucr,ud111tliblluld "n,
Ilullulll'JIUlIul1arr..IIDlIbl' JlWUlUWJIl,
'-" ('IIt1e,I llipped und IclI \JCI.UII!tC thc dllwII "puIII di.dlu/lI",d \\ulCI 1I111ulhe wlllkwu)'.
unll hcr"uIi'" puur IIl1hllnll plCdllllcd M, ('urrcll "UIlI lieellllllhe kll. The pllll.'CIIIClIllllltll: duwlI
'pllllt 1111I11/1\: hlllllc!\llllle hllhlinll were u/1111dlll (i e IIlu'Hllude u. IIp/IIIICd tU/UlIIlIIIO cUllllhiu""
whldllH'.elJ 1I1l1lnrCII"ulluhlc /i.k 1I1 hlUIIl
11I1~.k:...UluI11'lUihwllh, 11,11'11 lh'. (II) ^2d IJl (1')4lJ), IIclllillem'c "III h,ulld
limier very 1!IIIUIlf IlIl.tl.lIl dcmlhcll hy Ihe Suplellle ('u1l/1
While "1IIkillll"lllhe .iltC\\ulk III ""nl"lprellll... 1 N II IIhllle
Slreel, Uhllllllllne u'dll~k ulllhe e\enittllul NIlH'l1lhcr Ih, (1)40,
durlllll II lillhl "Ill'" Ihe \\llc 1'1111111111 "lipped \l1I1~'e 11IIIlculcd hy
lhe 1111111111 .IIIlW Ih, I"f "'"1 ,,"uwl by Ihtl'''l'''' IJj wat"
allllWld III./lllw 1Il',r ,h, 1"lIlf"'lur/"r, IIf th, ,lIItll'lIlliltllffl If
dllW'HPUUI Int,nd,," 'II IWIV /11./ ,",, II'U'" fl/I/,,,t,,d IfllHl tIt,
(flulll/ '''11 hllU.\f/,
hL l(lll'u ul 1M., It,7. f,l) ^ 1,1111')4 (ellll'hll;". utlde.!) Ilw ""le/lunl ""t~n IIvl/ry w!nlllf Ii If
-Hnul yrul' I hi, "II> l"ulI,ll" Iof II "ulolil IIUI,"IKf, ""11llhu IIclflldlll11 WlIllIIIlIlilllllll In nllt
\ till. I "11 III" Iou ulolllcll 1"'.
I hc Ilekmllllll .Iulul<l hll\C ,cullle,llhullhll 1'IIII.cIIICIII IIllhe \IIIW''''~IUllllllllhll JlIIIII
II~hlllll! \\Oul,1 \ Ifule II llillll!CIIIII' _itUIIIIIlII "Wlllllllce/llIll "eulhcl III LAlUj'.-4W u.t'
l'llil4\ll;lvlllilli'lIIL 17! I'u 2114. I) I ^ 2.1 470 (I'H II. Ul'/ol'elt)' """el "UN hel<lllublll lIu
I'UIl\lfl
eJIIUJlIUN !II
'1 IIklny lh;: Wlllhill\'llll~llhIlW'lIlhul Willi II lIuh.IUllllill llWIHf IU tJ11fl1l1ll1l iII,,'ul Ml
Cunni'N tUUIIIII. IllU 1'1'II:lll1t, whull'.mlllllUlle 1,IIhlll ~111,"II1I111hllllll.~ 1"04 ullfljJY,~hl!lIV "~
SUl\lIulld III ClIlllhllllll\l!nu A.s"IIUIIIIII, whull"'IHnlllllll Will IIlulIlluuhl. kl Mf ('\.IrmH
1'IIICIII\IIIIIIIUl IIUlklllllllllhtol'I\IC IIl1llhulahl. hll!\lllIlIlIIhl III I IImlillllll\lUlt1 I\uil\il!.lhlll
(Al\llWllr ulIl)' II ),111 hlllllllllJ>l"'I('d "YlS" luljllll.lillu. I ill,,1 2 1111 lltUIIII'1l1d 1lll"1I1l4l1ll111l1l111l
A,.Oclllth'l\ ). ....
I'cllI:nlllllC ul lIlIlNlllulIlllill;:II'" atWtJulllbl,lu MI lunfr! 11\11,"'111 lint)! II fUll Mv'
llluwered "Ve'" hi Qllc.lhllU} IlmJ 4). 'Y.
111131 I (liI'V,
II' you havlI round Mr, "Ilr",rj', lau.al 1I,"II,l,mt kl llfI,rll.1fr IhIn tll'lo, IIlfII MI.
Curreri canllol recover and you .h"ulll 1\Il11ll1.Wff l)lffallpn f! and 111111114 ,"urn IP 1M ~~1I1IPm
QUt:STION 6t
Slnle Ihe III11UIII\I of dlll1\lIl1e8, if III\Y, NlIlltlllned by Mr. ,'IIWIl! fllr ,.." uf Ihf Mk,will'
e1emel\ll al II rClul\ur Ihe 1I"ldcl\l whhuul r"~IIHII!lllrul whh~lUI r~'I!mliul\ b)' Ihf pIItUlll4llf ut
,"us"1 nelllillclIclI, if 1111)', Ihlll )'OU hllve IIl1rlhuled hi Mr Cturcrl -
A.
I'asll'"ill. I\lcnllllnllllllloh, dimllnlilll. h"'OIl~lIlIlcll~1I
IIl1d IUslIeHs.
,
II.
!'Ulurc pllill. IIIclllnl IIl1woh.h, dist'lllHli'll,
illCllIIVClIlcnlC IInd dl.III,'HO
,
.. ._,~ _~. _~_._~__U_C"" ~..,."",,",,.-,.., ,..,.---' ~
('.
l'IISllo88 Ilf \'njo)'rnClIllIl Iile.
.
.,
-,"~-""-,~",--~,,,,,,,,,'~'-'~~.<""-'- -
""'~"'_'~~'~".~"",,-.,
1>.
!'lIl11re 10HS uf enjuymcnl III IlIe.
E.
Medlenl expclIses whkh h" rCIIHllllllhl)' Inlllrrl/d.
.
'. __.".,..,___~'r-_~.~~_....-,-~~~~...~'H"_."~.'_~
!"
I'nsllusl cllrnlll1l8 11111\ CUllI1nlls lnl'lIdW
'-__'dH
TOTAl.: 1'llIlnllff, Joscph J. ('lIncri, Jr,
Slat~ thv "IIIOUIII 01 dWllllllV., II lillY, slIstuillltd hy M.. ('Ullltli lor Itl1lh 011111: li.lIllwillll
d~IIIt'lilfj liB II luUIt olllw uni.!clit WllhllulICIlllulIn IIl1d WIlIIoll1 rnhulioli hy Iht: pClcelllullu or
U1Ulullllllllillt'II\."', ilIlIlY. 111111 YOII hllve IIwinlllc.! III MI ('lIlTed
1\' h", 1l.'lIlulIlIl1lu vnlUll of 1IIIlIn.. nlHcrvict'N nf MI. ('ullwi
Jlullllhu lilllll III hiN i1\lury III which HIlNlllie ('lIIferl Will
deprlvIld IIN II ICHulI uf JUleph J. (\lrrlilli, Jr.'N huuf}'. $.._~._.,_.-
J
g
. . ~ ~i . ~ . ~ III 'I i i i
iii ., ~1 ~ " ,~ I . 1
- - ,.,
"'t ..
- .. ..J
-
--. --.'. -- - - -" - - - - -" - -
~ !
1
~ .,
) J
~ ~ 3 jl ~
J ,,;
Oil '15 H I
J j J H J J J I
J
J j j ~ i 1 ~ it
It I I
C) i' f l 0 11
';;i ~ " it it
J
I ~
~
.,- . .,- "....-- -,,- .--~ ~-'.... _n..__
Ii il ill ill 'i iiI 8
fl ~; ~ "' I.. ~ .,
- v.
.. .. .. .. ~] ..
..
.. ..
f-- i- - .- - -- -
~ !
~ ~
... ...
l l . J: j I
J J J J. i j i
l.:l ;i'
';;i ';;i ';;i hi
- - - - - - -
~' ~. J
~' ~ l<< 1
3' 3'
Jo< j: j:
~ ! ! l.:l
~
-.. - - - - -" -
,
IS: ~ ~ ~~ 6' ~~ ~'
Ii F1 Ii " vi>.C
., f'] r""'"
- !J - I - ....~
". ~, ~
~
I
.., -----, --.--- ., ,.---- ..
i'1 15 i . I i !: '" ;1, f ....; f, i! i!l i ~ i
~ :0 " .Ij .. ! .', :t. b Lt , ~ r ~ ~ U j
,., .... ~
y,
.... .... .... .. -- .. " .... ... ....
.... ... .... ... ....
... ... ..
~
.__.._~ '"~~._.'"' .._ __... __~. _'."""0,' .___",.__ .~_ ___.__,~. -'___' .__~_''''r_ -- _..--~--
f
,...
J J J I J J J J J J J J I J J J J
J j J j j j J j . i .. J ,I j I i j
l ~ j i .i ! j j ! 1 i ! ! ! j i j
~
"..--.,,-- .. .,.-'._-'.- -._.-. -_."-~ -_.--.- -- ~~"--_..- --_.,-- -.<- ~-- .- _"..~".T.... ._.__.~_.
I I
J!J LI J ~ J J J
J I J I , I J 1 I ! I , r J I I I
__h ..___ __,_. .._M_'
. , ,
~' ~ ~' ~' ~' i ~' i i ,. ~ ~ " i f , f' ~ g J Q " f' . ~ f' .' I .' t i' i' Q i'
. ,
;;-, ,f! 'I; !?- y. -4; '(~ !! , f:. .. & ~ f:. .. 1'1 r. n 1'1 " n .. " n
" , {l- n ,-.. e'.. ~ H
.. ,- .. .- .. ~ t ,- " . U .. n U '" { ~ . .. .- n - !! .- , !
.- .. .. - " ,....
.._~___.. ,_.+. _._ w,,~. .~,_ __ ~__ _~ _~._.U ,,__ ____ ._. ._~_ _-e'_"-,. .......
8 i ~ ~ $ ~ i S g 8 i i ~ ~ i
~ ~ : ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ U ~ ~ L ffl ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
-,--- .- --,-- -
I J J J I I ) I I I I I H X ~
I I I I I I Iii J I J I J ~
! I Iii i i I i I I i I I I
-- --- - --.- -- ~-~'. ~- ---- ~~. ---- -- - ~ ._._, -~
J
1 !I
J1
~ . ~'
Iud
,m ,~
! kpiH
J j j j ]' J I J
. -_. - --'1- -
-- ----~>_._-
, , ,
~~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ f f ~ r ~ r ~ , , ,
~~ ~~ ..~ r; n ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ fi
~-- ~ -- '._-~ ,-. '-r--
" i ~ ~ ii! $ i
- fl :-.! IT. , ~ lP.
",
'" - ... '" ....
- ....
'"
. 1-
~ q ~ ~ ~
:L
1 I ! 1 l
~ ~ " ~ ~
J J J ! J
~ ~ .r. .r. ~
... ,.; ... ,.; ...
'15 II 'l.; II '1il
H J J I J J
j II 1 l I 1
l
g
.,
- .-- -, - - -- ~-,
J: I ~' ~. ,
~ ~
,- .'j' 5
J. J -~ I ~ !
-~
-- 'f- -
'i g: :5: f v. r
11 11: rl
A .... '"' ... ...
... ~J ~J tJ U
II
-- ,---
- -",--
8 g Iil
~ it ;;;
.... '" '"
~ ~ ~
J I I
~ ..~ ...,
J J J
~ ~ ~
... ... ~
... ...
" "
J J I
Iii
---,-
~'
~
5 Jl
k ~: .s
-,-~j
--1-
v.
"..
fI 'i 'i
d !(1 v.
..-. .....
-.- -~_..- 1"-..-- --
8 8: 8 8 ~ :7; g 8 8 8 ..
-
.. <> ~ '" ,-. ., t' of Ii [,I, ~
,-. " '" .... .... fI .'.
.... .... .... .... Vi "" ....
....
-
....
1- -
!
,
j ~ .
~ ~ ~ ! j J ~ ~
I I J i I
J 1 1
j J ill it
- - I J
f f Jt I a a ~ ~
~ it it it It It it
- -
j: J
J
~.
~ J ,~ m
! ~: ! ~' M .. :.
;.< jj jj ~ ~
]' J j J j
1 l- I- ! ] ]
- - - -
~; Ii l> ~, Ii Ii ~ I: 8. f.
i1 i1 11 '" - of
6 - ,,, v. i, ,'1 - -
;.; - - .. .f .. - of '" ~
(B) atate the total amount of damages, if any, you find
Plaintiff (\osalie M. Curreri sustained for loss of consortium
without reduction for the percentage of causal negligence, if any,
that you have attributed to Plaintiff Joseph J. Curreri, Jr.
Total $_..._
~
(Date)
~ ('~
"" )\(h t'.
(Fa e reon)
~mJ\l9..\q8 CAlm tv. 3
~K<)I4' I
tv. <.)'.;;1145 CIVIL ~_
1.' I~ S - U;LJonni," G r"e e:) 0 I
2.' 914- PJr~ndct St'~der
" \, 1"\~~ .JC('~'){I ~JK,~ ..f'}
I 4.' Coo . ~Qr~ pdO I
I 5.' 1 ~" Sh ,'r ~~~~. /I.. e.
I. ::: ~~- = C~, ~Ji,t ,,' J( f::n i:~
I a..J!jq, SCl.flch'c'l TLe/lrYl
I '9., I ~({J' 12l.d-f, S hen /C f'Z-
I'M.. -6tJ - i3CL/' nr'1 Y"~ ~l
ill., I 33- LI'nda 5(lJob ~ -
112.. 7 S-- Edha. IYlellotl:: -
I
lu.,-lit - Cl,ar1t'':,:> 7lo~P3
i.14.. S?- - r f'a.nCe c, (~a -Ii Cll.
I 15...JJ B.... e: 117.abC.f.h tv'i II eo r
116.. II L - S a /I j -j2 t b L .
i 17..:3 L , , , ' . -p h
i 19.' q4- )1..' I)~ He~'!}Cl0'___"07\
".1 S~ ~end'1 ~n2('."-M. ;'1
11.' -H;l-B r <<.,./, I~.(j~'b:::e LC _D ~
i ,u.. ~~i?(~ bMct J") rY'h.\ er5 f),
-; - .. '-~'-------"-'--_.~J-'-'-'-'--'~
: 23.'
,
.~
\
.w ;
--'-'~-'--~-''''-'--'' -.-'... ..- ..__._..~-_._----
· 24.'
2'\.'
-.,--.-~_. -~~-~-'-_._--.~-".- ..---.------, -~"''-~-~-~-
26.'
.'....-.....----,...--...-.---..-. ----_...~~._..._---_._-.-,
27.'
._--~-_...._..~----_.,..__._--_..~ --~--,-..._-- -"-'. .....--
i ..;
I
I
I ()
\/1
\ ~
I
I ~ ~ ~
I
~ ~
- '.0
-0 ~
I - - \-
I 3 ~
~o
\ c ~ .-
~ 0 -
- ::::;l
I \./' "--' -
0
I ? 5'
I \../1
l,.
, - ::r j
""'
\J ('J \...-,
~ \
~ \ ~ . .
U ()'
>
w
~ r> j1
iii :l ~
~ R
ri w ~ C.
~w ~ f 0
08 ~ . ~
I ~~ ~ ~
~ .J
I ~ o a: J
o ~
..; w
I ~
.10