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HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-04575 A) , ~ .., (1.~ ".. 1:1/.I'[)'Orfltf] . f .1.., ,_ ]~ _ '. , .,' r','(JT,'!J1y q7~11r.'7 r"", .... "I no CI"" ,) /1'11....1 "'_j' (i .\,.",." '.''-'W'n' l., "':~/L\il'(,N.-\ ' ~..cCJ "R";, 47/ ~.-, c')tf1 ~ '~~~~I.:7"r' I 'I /I .,!= gCJ;::Pg- , ~S5'''~/ , , , " 'I' " " ' 10 ,17, q1 R~~sSlJ~ wr',i ~~\'Sum/l1M"" U~o....l') \'V\tlUI)\O'Yl'~ " , lAW OHIO" HF.I'FORIJ, SWARTZ & MORGAN III NtI...1I1 FMU~I SltctH 1'.0, tic.. HH'I HMUlIMlIIMII. IJl~~f\'r'l "A~I,' t 7101t.OKKY rllll'"'''' 717 234.4121 ,. ~.". .,.-- .." . ,. ,- I. " .';!i,I'I,: ""( ;"1 " 'I'll' , ,'\ ~1'~ " ,\" "'I'il ., 1)1) il; ',I' ,,' I " LAW O~H('f5 HEP~OJ\D, SWARTZ &. MORGAN 111 Nllklll hUNI SlkHT P,O, 0". 8H9 HAItIlIMUJIlU, 1'.Nhh~I,\'''NI'' 1110K-0889 Tnml"" 717 234..4121 Ii li " ',' , " p~ . . .'P_. .. . , , ~", Ii" -< - r.;' IE ;e ~:. r,j '< ,,; ,., 'J;,. 1,,/ " '" ') _I ~i. " " , ("f') \ ~! ~,1) I ,. :1; ..,: .'. ::::J .:../ ~.: " ';., /,1./ , iH, .II Cl.. c , , " " , ~ .. ~I" ".... -...--..-. .. ) i , \ " " , I (.~ " ! I , , , , (?" <n !il , , , , C, U> , - -'/ J 'tw j"r :h'r) r! 1"1 tOil .1 J (I, , - ,11,9 " /"'. ';0 '(11 -I' , " ( '~; I , /: . "1") \' I -'.r' :',; It" r'l {'.' "i , , ...... . 'r.) t..J'1 I II'~ .. ,-.. :',} W ,. , , r", :., , ";\ .~ " , I , " ,I' i " I , , , " " " , , " " ., '" " " , , , , " ,. " CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certHy that I have served a true and correct copy of the foregoing document on all counsel of record by placing the same in the United states Mail at Harris,y-rg, ~ Pennsylvania, first-class pos taqe prepaid, on the ~day of February, 1998, addressed as followsr Dennis R. Sheaffer, Esquire HEPFORD, SWARTZ' MORGAN Post Office Box B89 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17108-0889 Attorneys for Plaintiffs Richard W. Wix, Esquire WIX, WENGER , WEIDNER 4705 DUke Strep.t Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17109 Attorneys for Defendant, Shirley Michaels REYNOLDS , HAVAS A Professional Corporation L ~'- J ",tJ~(L~ . .t-:\llQ~ Rosa B. I< p, Secret ry " , , 'I" " " " , , " " " " 111 I', p t. ~1!1': 1'/1'" ~i ~I'.'I 1";:,1'.' I ::'t' 1-'1': ~. ~,~ ~;'J .'" , , , , " " ;, " , .~ .. ~ "11 /'11 I..~.t 1") '.....1 r\ " " " '1[1 '. i \'!J , ,; IJ, "1 I'...., , " 1.1") I. :~nt '" :.cj .<; ~ , I , "., l':' (IJ '" , , \', , , J,l , ,I il " ,,' ", I, ',I .. ,J , ill , Ij , " " Q ~ , ('~ t~J "1 "',i {, '1:'- I;) "rl I,'/}t;_;. ;;) ,\ :TI ,:;":,:1.':: I ,:!Jj UI ....} , ) ) .,,-~ , " ...-, j ~l~ ..:~ " ,1';11 e.' ',-. (~ , r--,:, Li~ 1'1 L.,. '.' " ":1', 'I " It::t .2~ ;;'1 II) ,,' " 1'-.' . . , , - , , , LAW OfflCU HEPfORD, SWARTZ & MORGAN 'II NUIlH' fRONT SlItffr P,O, 80, HKY ".\RM:IMJlJlI;U, Pf~"htH'~M^ 1710H.()889 r" """" 117 234-1' 21 , , " 'J' I, , ' " 'j'l II , , " , ' I.' Iii i: '. " II L " " .;1 -If " ~) .'i FI' (/, f-KT " " 1')'1 '1" loll' I t_i I rd ';' .(j : ~ r 1\/, , I , c,:i . , Iii 1'1' , " , <;"1;" II , t., " " 'I' , , ~.. .: . "".-. .. .... ~ I ;Ull'~',,, "IHjll;,/'..J~ IlIH,,{.,,,./; 4. (,. IJHI,!, THERESA ROSE CAVE and DAVID L, CAVE, JR,t Plaintiffs v. IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA NO. 97-4575 Civil 1997 CIVIL ACTION . [jAW SHUn,EY A, MICHAELS, CAROL and CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR" Defendants JURY ,TRIAL DEMANDED NOTICE TO DEFEND AND CLAIM RIGHTS YOU HAV~ BEEN SUED IN COURT. If you wish to defend against the claims set forth in the following pages, you must take action within twenty (20) days after this Complaint and Notice are served by entering a written appearance personally or by attorney and filing in writing with the Court your defenses or objections to the claims set forth against you, You are warned that if you fail to do so the case may proceed without you and a judgment may be entered against you by the court without further notice for any money claimed in the Complaint or for any other claim or relief requested by the Plaintiff, You may lose money or property or other rights important to you, YOU SHOULD TAKE THIS PAPER TO YOUR LAWYER AT ONCE, IF YOU DO NOT HAVE A LAWYER OR CANNOT AFFORD ONE, GO TO OR TELEPHONE THE OFFICE SET FORTH BELOW TO FIND OUT WHERE YOU CAN GET LEGAL HELP, COURT ADMINISTRATOR 4th Floor, Cumberland County courthouse Carlisle, PA 17013 (717) 240-6200 NOTICIA Le han demar,dado a usted en la corte, Si usted quiere defenderse de estas demand as expuestas en las paquinas siguientes, usted tiene viente (20) dias de pla20 al partir de la fecha de la demanda y la notificacion, Usted de be presentar una apariencia escrita 0 en persona 0 por abogado y archivar en la corte enforma escrita sus defensas 0 aus objeciones alas demandas en contra de su persona, Sea avisado que si usted no ae defiende, la corte tomara medidas y puede entrar una orden contra usted ain previo aviso 0 notificacion y por cuaIquier queja 0 aIivio que es pedido I J' II. l' /.' II. IflU"'j,jl",fftll}1 ",,/,'IHt/' ,'j'll,',n,II/I'11 PlaintiffB had aome to a full, legal Btop in ob~ervanoe of the Btop Bign at the intersection, 9, AB a direct and proximate result of this aocident, Plaintiff Theresa Cave sustained numerous severe and permanent injuries including. but not limited to. th" following J (a) dizzillessl (b) right ear injury, (c) headaches, (d) tenderness of the right paraspinal cervical musculature, (e) acute right cervical strain. and/or aggravation of preexistin~ cervical strain, (f) right serous otitis media, (g) injury to right shoulder. and/or aggravation of preexisting right shoulder problems, (h) injury to right arm. and/or aggravation of preexisting right arm problems, (i) injury to left arm, and/or aggravation of preexisting left arm problems; (j) pain in left and right trapezius areas, and/or aggravation or preexisting problem in left and right trapezius; (It) cervical spine injury, and/or aggravation of preexisting cervical spine problem; and 3 /,jJ~~ ,;.',. "'" ,~,t".[:: "/tIP/.Hllt '4'(1, 'JtV~t . (e) failing to keep n proper. lookout for the automobil.'iI being operated by Defendant Clifford Rf,I~~ler whioh wa~ approaching the intersect ion I (f) ordrating her vehicle in violatJ.on of 75 l?a.C,S.A, 533~1 entitled Vehicle Approaching or Entering Intersection, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (g) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 l?a,C,S,A, 53322 entitled Vehicle Turning Left, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (h) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 l?a,C.S,A, 53361 entitled Driving at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (i) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa,C.S,A, 53362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public , highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (j) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 l?a,C,S,A, 6 " 'I. I" I.' ,I """"""."'11 I" ".1' .,..H'," 'H"t "." '/N'(J (f) operating hia automobile in violation of 75 Po.C,B.A. 533:21 entitled Vehicle Approaching or lilntering Intt-rsection, pertaining to thlil operation of motol' vehicles or: the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (g) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Po.C,S,A, ~3361 entitled Priving Vehicle at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (h) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. ~3362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of laWI (i) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3714 entitled careless Driving, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (j) operating his automobile without due regard for the rights, safety, well being, and position of Plaintiffs under the aforesaid circumstances; (k) failing to use due care under the circumstances; and (1) failing to stop within assured clear distance. I 9 Relllller") were negligent by colliding with Co-Defendant, Shirley Mic:haelll' ("Ms. Michaels") vehicle, which in turn collided with Plaintiffs' vehicle. A copy of Plaintiffs' Complaint is attached hereto, incorporated herein by reference and marked Exhibit "1\." I. PRELIMINARY OBJECTION IN ~p A DEMURRER PURSUANT TO PAt R.C.P. 1028111.1141. 3. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth fully at length. 4. Paragraphs 8, 22, 23, and 24 of Plaintiffs' Complaint allege that Plaintiffs suffered injuries as the result of Mr. Ressler's "negligence, carelessness and recklessness" and/or that Mr. Ressler operated his vehicle in a "negligent, cF,lreless and reckless manner." 5. If these allegations remain in Plaintiffs' Complaint, the Complaint can easily be amended to include a claim for punitive damages. 6. In order to state a claim for punitive damages, a complaint must allege facts that indicate in what manner the defendant knew or had reason to know that his conduct involved a high degree of probability that substantial harm to the plaintiff would result. VanIngen v. Wentz, 70 P&C2d 555 (Monroe 1975). 7. In addition, a plaintiff must allege sufficient allegations alleging that a defendant exhibited outrageous behavior and showed reckless indifference to others. See Takes v. Metropolitan Edison Company, 440 Pa. Super. 101, 655 A.2d 138 - 2 - (1995) 1 Rutting v. 84 Lumber c~npany, 410 Pa. Super. 459, 600 A.:Zd 545 (1991). 8, A person's conduct is "outrageous" when he acts with a bad motive or with reckless indifference to otherll. See Restatement (Second) ot ~'orts, !i90B (2) . 9. aased on the facts pled in this case, the alleged misconduct of the Resslers does not rise to ~ level of outrageousness and, therefore, cannot support a finding of punitive damageD as a matter of law. 10. Plaintiffs' claim for punitive damages fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. WHEREFORE, Defendants, Carol and Clifford Ressler, Jr., respectfully request this Honorable Court strike the aforesaid allegations of Plaintiffs' Complaint for failure to set forth a claim for punitive damages. II. PRELIMINARY OBJECTION IN THE NATURE OP A D~ER PURSU~ TO PA. R.C.P. 1028111.1 l~l. 11. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth fully at length. 12. In the caption of Plaintiffs' Complaint, Plaintiffs identify Carol and Clifford Ressler, Jr., as Defendants in this action. 13. Despite naming Mrs. Ressler as a Defendant in the caption of the Complaint, there are no allegations which set forth the baois of the claim of negligence against Mrs. Ressler. 3 . 14. Therefore, as a result, Plaintiffs' complaint failll to state a claim upon which r.elief may be granted against Defendant, Cat'ol Ressler. 15. Pursuant to Pn. R.C.P. 102B(a) (4), the Complaint, or port ions thereof, may be dismissed for legal insufficiency. WHEREFORE, Defendants, Carol and Clifford Ressler, Jr., respectfully request this Honorable Court dismiss the Complaint in its entirety as to Defendant, Carol Ressler, or, in the alternative, or.der a more specific pleading with regard to the alleged negligent conduct of the Defendant, Carol Ressler. III. PRBLIMINARY OB,TECTION IN THE N~TURE OP A MOTION TO STRIKB PURSUANT TO PAt R.C.P. 1028111.1131 lLACK OP PACTUAL SPECIPICITY PA. R.C.P. 10191411. 16. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth fully at length. 17. Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1019(a) mandates that, in a pleading, the material facts upon which a cause of action is based shall be stated in a concise and summary form. lB. Certain paragraphs in Plaintiffs' Complaint contain allegations of negligence against the Resslers which are not factually specific. 19. In paragraph 9, Plaintiff, Theresa Cave, alleges that she suffered injuries as a result of this accident and . 4 - sustained injuries "including, but not limited to, tne followingl" , :zoo Additionally, in paragrapn 23, Plaintiffs contend Mr. Ressler was negligent with the followingl (j) operating his automobile without due regard for the rights, safety, well being, and position of Plaintiffs under the aforesaid circumstances, (It) failing to use due care under the circumstancesr and 21. The foregoing averments, including the language "but not limited to," constitute non-specific and inconsistent general allegations of negligence that fail to set forth the material facts upon whj.ch they are based in violation of Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1019(a). 22. If the allegations set out above are allowed to remain, then Plaintiffs may have the opportunity to amend their Complaint to introduce new theories of negligence or damageD after the applicable statute of limitations has run, all to the severe prejudice of the Resslero. WHEREFORE, Defendants. Carol and Clifford Ressler, Jr., request this Honorable Court to enter an Order pursuant to Pa. R. C. P. 1028 (a) (3) striking the language "but not limited to" in paragraph 9 of Plaintiffs' Complaint, as well as subparagraphs (j) and (k) of Paragraph 23 of Plaintiffs' Complaint for failure to comply with the factual specificity requirement set forth in - 5 - IElchlblt A ,,' j I (t) , I I I !I I I I ,I ,I; ili " I I " I I ,I 11 i' " , \ I, I I ,I I, I I, 'I I, I " I " I I " 'I " , I ,Ii" ,I il ,':jI"~ ,Iv" "U/Il/"I"'~ IlI1ltf'I.II,.tl4.'" 'IHI,t 4. on August 26, 1995, at approximately 3 ~OO p,m., Plaintiffs were at p, complete stop facing southbound at a stop sign at the intersection of Valley Street and First Street,.Summerdale, East Pennsboro Township, cumberland County, Pennsylvania, 5. At the same time, Defendart Michaels recklessly and carelessly proceeded to make a left turn from the eastbound lane of Valley Street to go northbound on First Street. 6. At the same time, carelessly approached the Valley Street. Defendants Resslers recklessly and intersection traveling westbound on 7. Defendant Michaels operated her vehicle in a negligent, careless and reckless manner, so as to cause the initial collision with Defendants Resslers' automobile which ultimately caused Defendant Michaels' automobile to collide violently with the Plaintiffs' automobile, after the Plaintiffs had come to a full, legal stop in observance of the stop sign at the intersection. 8. Defendant Clifford Ressler operated his vehicle in a negligent, careless and reckless manner, so as to cause his vehicle to collide with Defendant Michaels' automobile which in turn collided violently with the Plaintiffs' automobile, after the 2 1".1, '"" ..,,/pI..JI. ,.."I...tl4,11' 'IHI./. Plaintiffs had come to a full, legal stop in observance of the stop sign at the intersection. ~ 9. As a direct and proximate result of this accident, Plaintiff Theresa Cave sustained numerou/J seVeX'e and permanent injuries including, but, not limited to, the followingf (a) dizziness; (b) right ear injury, (c) headaches, (d) tenderness of the right paraspinal cervical musculature, (e) acute right cervical strain, and/or aggravation of preexisting cervical strain; (f) right serou/J otitis media, (g) injury to right shoulder, and/or aggravation of preexisting right shoulder problems, (h) injury to right arm, and/or aggravation of preexisting right arm problems, (i) injury to left arm, and/or aggravation of preexisting left arm problems, (j) pain' in left and right trapezius areas, and/or aggravation or preexisting problem in left and right trapezius; Ik) cervical spine injury, and/or aggravation of preexisting cervical spine problem I and 3 I.",..,; 1'~"'MI.iP/'IIJJ. _""'/"1"1./".'" 'Jw,f, (e) failing to keep a proper lookout for thll al,ltomobile being operated by Defendant Clifford Resaler which was approaching the intersection I · (f) operating her Vllhicle in violation of 75 Pa.C,S.A. 633;!l entitled VehJ.cle Approaching or EnterJ,llg Intersection, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of laWI (g) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. S33:Z2 entitled Vehicle Turning Left, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (h) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. ~3361 entitled Driving at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (i) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (j) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.I\. r, ';"'/",w",.."/r/'""I.,u,."I."",/",,,,tJw,!, ~ount It Plaintif( There.. Cave V. Defendant Olifford aaa.lar . :Z1. The allegations contained in Paragraph~ 1 through :ZO are incorporated herein by reference a~ though set forth at length. 2:Z. Defendant Clifford Ressler was negligent, careless and reckless in causing the aforesaid accident, all of which lead to the severe injuries of Plaintiffs as set forth above. 23. The negligence, carelessness and recklessness of Defendant Clifford Ressler consisted of the followingl (a) operating his automobile at a high and excessive rate of speed under the circumstances, (b) failing to maintain his automobile under proper and adequate control at the time, (c) failing to take evasive action to avoid the collision, (d) failing to keep a proper lookout for tte automobile being operated by Plaintiff David Cave which was legally stopped in observance of,the stop sign; (e) failing to keep a proper lookout for the automobile being operated by Defendant Michaels which was proceeding to turn left' from Valley Street onto First Streett 8 I;.,,.. "I", MIIJp/".J/,II"."t..,,,I/,,. fI, 'JHI~/' (f) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A, 533:21 entitled Vehicle Approaching or Entering Intersection, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which oonstitutes negligence as a matter of ~dWI (9) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3361 entitled Driving Vehicle at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation nf motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawl (h) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3362 entitled Maximum SpF.!ed Limits, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of lawr (i) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3714 entitled Careless Driving, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (j) operating his automobile without due regard for the right;s, safety, well being, and position of Plaintiffs under the aforesaid circumstances, lk) failing to USE: due care under the circumstances, and (1) failing to stop within assured clear distance. 9 " , , ,I ~ ~ ~tl ~ "1 ~[I' ,1,~ I' I I, I 1i1i1"" I':-' " I 1;'\-; ..... "~~m .. r: t:t -, ;7J. -. "'('" (., .. '.y ;;:C r:- 'a' ,!"hi_ '. I .. In , 0 .~ :~ ~';! -, 1::1 , , ,I , " , , " , " ," , " I II PRAECIPE FOR LI6TING CA6E fOR ARGUMENT (....t be typewritten and subnitted in mil'l i""tel TO THB PROTHONOTARY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY: Please llit the within Illstter for the next /U'9U1lBnt court. ~~-------------------------------- ._------------------------------------------~-------- ( Plaintiff) , ("") ~1 n , I' ". ,-I 'I'll ~'r , " , . "1 r'i' ," 'i' , ,,,) " 1] ;11 1:':';.1 ", " 1(.1) I ":1 1'1 .h .' .., I, ...:-) ,I. ~ -, , )111 .. , I ", ~"'~ ,Ij trJ ,j, ". -. CAPTION OF CA6E (entire caption ITIJlIt be stated in full) TIIERESA ROSI!: CAVI!: AND DAVID L. CAVI!:, JR., l'/,AIN't'IFFS VB. SIIIRLI!:Y 1\. MICIIAELS, CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR., AND CAROL RESSLER, DEFENDANTS. (Oefeh:lant) No. 97 Civil 4575 19 1. state matter to be argued (Le., plaintiff's llIJtion for new trial, defendant's dsrurrer to Ca11>laint, etc.): PRELIMINARY OBJEC'l'WNS OF DEFI!:NDANTS, CAROl. AND CI.IFFORD RESSLER, JR., TO PI~INTIFFS' COMPLAINT 2. Identify counsel who ....ill argue coJSe: (a) for plaintiff: I)I!:NNIS R. SIII!:AFFI!:R, ESQUIRE J\ddress: P.O. BOX 889, IIARRISBURG, 1'A 17108-0889 (b) for defendant: I.AUHAI.m.: B. BAKEH, ESQUIRE J\ddress: P.O. BOX 932, IIARIHSBUHG, PA 17108-0932 RICIIARD W. WIX, I-:6QUIRI!: 4705 DUKE S'l'REB'l', IIAHRISBURG, PA 17109 3. I will notify all parties in writing ....ithin t100 days that this ClIIIe has been listed for argunent. 4. t\r9IJ1Ient Court Dilte: MAY 27, 1998 Dated: 4/28/98 ~~" ('Allm. AND CLIFFORD RESSI.ER, JR. ~ '.- . ~ ~ r.:: !;; ~ ~. :" ..~.. ~ ~ - ~ ~ I . G ' ~ ~ ~ ~ :> g :;; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2 ~ ~ ~ ... i'J ~ i g o Z m i'J I I, " to . . . I): 'f -.n Q w '1, .. "'t~t.t, ,_ ,I , . C'"l,,',! '.7: \ 1\(1 !t......l I 11'] ,..., 'j ,- e " !() J.' . ,',I .~ , I.f'''' I ., ) ',', :i~ "1.' .. ~ "," "..' I ". ., . r' ,'~ , ....t,": '" :.JIII ... .. ;:', :Ll ,N ;~ -. .- , I 6. Admitted in part and denied in part. Admitted that on or about August :Z6, 1995 Defendant Michaels proceeded to make a left turn from the eastbound lane of Valley street to go northbound on First stree,t in summerdale, Pennsylvania. It is specifically denied that the time was approximately 3tOO p.m. To the contrary, the Defendant believes and therefore avers that the time was approximately 5~10 p.m. By way of further answer, the remaining averments of Paragraph 5 are conclusions of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every remaining averment of Paragraph 5 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 6. Admitted. 7. Admitted in part and denied in part. I\dmitted that a collision occurred between a vehicle operated by Defendant Michaels and a second motor vehicle. The remaining averments of Paragraph 7 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, the remaining averments of paragraph 7 are specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 8. The averments of Paragraph 8 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of Paragraph 2 8 is specificallY denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 9. After reasonable investiqation, Defendant is without sUffioient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragr~ph 9. Therefore, eaoh and every averment of Paragraph 9 is specifically denied and striot pr Jf thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 10. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of paragraph 10. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 10 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 11. I\fter reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knr.lwledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 11. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 11 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 12. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 12. Therefore, each and every averment of paragraph 12 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 13. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without 3 sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of P.ar.agraph 13. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 13 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at tho time of trial. 14. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without suef icient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 14. Therefore, each al1d every averment of Paragraph 14 is specifiGally denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 15. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 15. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 15 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 16. Paragraphs 1 through 15 of the Defendant Michaels' Answer with New Matter to plaintiffs' complaint are incorporated herein by reference. 17. The averments of Paragraph 17 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of paragraph 17 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 18. The averments of paragraph 18 constitute a conclusion of 4 law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of Paragraph ~8 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 19. The averments of Paragraph 19 constitute a conolusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of Paragraph 19 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 20. The averments of paragraph 20 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of paragraph 20 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. WHEREFORE, Defendant, shirley A. Michaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudice. 21.-25. The averments of ~aragraphs 21 through 25 are addressed at a Defendant other than answering Defendant. Therefore, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, shirley 1\. Michaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudice. 5 ~15. PaX'agraphs 1 through :Z5 pf Defendant Michaels' AnsWer With New Matter to Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference. ~7. Af.ter reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 27. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 27 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels, respeotfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudice. 28.-29. Paragraphs 28 and 29 are addressed to a Defendant other than the answering Defendant. Therefore, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shirley A. Miohaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudioe. NIlW MATTIlR 30. The Plaintiff's olaims are for medioal expenses and/or wage loss and are barred, or should be reduced in aocordanoe with S 1722 of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Aot. 31. The Plaintiff's claims for non-pecuniary damages may be 6 barred by the 1imited tort option of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehiole Finanoial Responsibility Act. 3:Z. The injuries and damages referred to in the Plaintiff'. complaint were caused by an accident that oocurred in september of 1994 and were not caused by the accident referred to in the Plaintiff/S complaint. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shi.rley A. Michaels, respectfully requests your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiff's Complaint with prejudice. HEW MATTER PURSUANT TO PA R.C.P 2252141 ShirleY A. Michaels v. Cliffor4 Ressler. Jr. 33. Paragraphs 1 through 32 of Defendant Michaels' I\nswer With New Matter are incorporated herein by reference. 34. The allegations contained in Paragraph 23 of the Plaintiffs' complaint are incorporated herein by reference without admission or adoption. 35. In the event that it is determined that Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels is liable for the injuries of the plaintiff, then in that event, Defendant, Shirley 1\. Michaels, demands oontribution and/or indemnity from the Defendant, clifford Ressler, Jr. 7 and M~. Re..ler we~e neqliqent in the operation of their respeotive vehiolell, thereby oausinq injury and damaqe to Plaintiffs. A oopy ot Plllintiffs' complaint is attaohed he~eto, incorporated herein by reference and labeled Exhibit "A". 2. On or about June 9, 1998, Ms. Michaels tiled her Answer with New Matter to the complaint. 3. As pllrt of her Answer with New Matter, Ms. Michaels incorporated New Matter pursuant to Par R.C.P. No. 2252(d). ~ a copy of Ms. Michaels' Answer with New Matter attached hereto, incorporated herein by reference and labeled as Exhibit "B". I. Preliminary objeotion tor the Failure ot a Pleadinq to Oonform to Law and/Qr Leqlll Insufficiency ot a P1eadinq lDemurrerl pursullnt to PIl. R.C.P. No. 1028111.1121 and/or 141. 4. The foregoing averments are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth fully herein at l~ngth. 5. In Paragraph 35 of the 2252(d) New Matter, Ms. Michaels alleges the following: In the event that it is determined that Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels is liable for the injuries of the Plaintiff, then in that event, Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels, demand contribution and/or indemnity from the Defendant. Clifford Ressler. Jr. 6. The Uniform Contribution Among Tortfeasor Act, 42 Pa. Cons. Stat. 58321 .e.t~. (the "Uniform Tortfeasors Act") preserves a common law right of indemnity only in very limited circumstances. - 2 - 7. A party may only seek indemnity where it had no aotual involvement in the events causing the injury, and where liability is imposed because cf its relationshi~ with the party from whom indemnity is sought. 8. Thus, indemnity is unavailable where the liability incurred by the party soeking indemnity is based upon her own violation ot a duty to the plaintiff. 9. Here, Plaintiffs' Complaint 1l11eges that Ms. Michaels breached her duty to the Plaintiffs by way of the alleged negligent operation of her vehicle. Thus, the liability to which Ms. Michaels is subject in this lawsuit is direct and primary liability to Plaintiffs based upon Ms. Michaels' own duty to the Plaintiffs. 10. Accordingly, it Plaintiffs prevail on their claim, Ms. Michaels will not be required, by operation of law, to answer for the conduct of Mr. Ressler. 11. Accordingly, Ms. Michaels' claim for indemnity contained in her New Matter pursuant to Pat R.C.P. No. 2252(d) is improper under Pennsylvania law and, therefore, must be stricken. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr., respectfully requests this Honorable Court to grant its Preliminary Objections to Co-Defendant, Shirley Michaels' claims '- 3 - , ,'..'It,II.-. ",u,,,I,-J;~,,.,,/",,,It",",lJij/~1, THERSSA ROSS CAVE and DAVIP L. CAVS, JR., Plaintiffs IN THS COURT OF COMMON I?LSAS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA NO. 97.4575 Civil 1997 " v. CIVIL ACTION . LAW SHIRLEY A. MICHAELS, CAROL and CLIFFORD RSSSLER, JR., Defendants JURY TRIAL DEMANDED NOTICE TO DEFEND AND CLAIM RIGHTS YOU HAVE BEEN SUED IN COURT. If you wish to defend against the claims set forth in the following pages, you must take acticn within twenty (20) days after this Complaint and Notice are served by entering a written appearam:e personally or by attorney and filing in writing with the Court your defenses or objections to the claims set forth against you. You are warned that if you fail to do so the case may proceed without you and a judgment may be entered against you by the court without further notice for any money claimed in the Complaint or for any other claim or relief requested by the Plaintiff. You may looe money or property or other rights important to you. YOU SHOULD TAKE THIS rAPER TO YOUR LAWYER AT ONCE. IF YOU DO NOT HAVE A LAWYER OR CANNOT I\FFORD ONE, GO TO OR TELEPHONE THE OFFICE SE'r FORTH BELOW TO FIND OU'l' WHERE YOU CAN GET LEGAL HELP. COURT ADMINISTRATOR 4th Floor, Cumberland County Courthouse Carlisle, PA 17013 (717) 240-6200 NOTICIA Le han demandado a usted en la corte. Si usted quiere defenderse de estas demandas expuestas en las paquinas siguientes, usted tiene viente (20) dias de plazo al partir de la fecha de la demenda y la notificacion. Uated debe presentar una apariencia escrita 0 en persona 0 por abogado y archivar en la corte enforma escrita sus defensas 0 sua objecionea alas demandas en contra de su persona. Sea avisado que 5 i usted no se def iende, la corte tomara medidas y pup-de entrar una orden contra uste~ sin previa aviso 0 notificacion y par cualquler que18 0 olivia que as pedido "'''"I~'f .Wpt..",'; f".,.I..,,.~'4''', lJIV,~ 4. On August :Z6, 1995, at approximately 3 100 p. m. , Plaintiffs were at a complete stop facing southbound at a stop sign at the intersection of Valley Street and First Street,'Summerdale, East Pennsboro Township, cumberland Ccunty, Pennsylvania, 5. At the same time, Defendant Michaels recklessly and carelessly proceeded to make a left turn from the eastbound lane of Valley Street to go northbound on First Street. 6. At the same time, carelessly approached the Valley Street. Defendants Resslers recklessly and interaect ion t ravlilling westbound on 7. Defendant Michaels operated her vehicle in a negligent, careless and reckless manner, so as to cause the initial collieion with Defendants Resslers' automobile which ultimately caused Defendant Michaels' automobile to collide violently with the Plaintiffs' automobile, after the Plaintiffs had come to a full, legal stop in observance of the stop sign at the intersection. 8. Defendant Clifford Reusler operated his vehicle in a negligent, careless and reckless manner. so as to cause his vehicle to collide with Defendant Michaels' ,;lutomobile which in turn. (:ollided violently with the Plaintiffs' automobile, after the , '~"'~."","kJ"/,,.J/,'Mflt.'~V4'fJ.Y8tt/' Plaintiffs had come to a full, legal stop in oPllervahce of th~ stop sign at the intersection, ~ 9. As a direct and proximate result of this accident, Plaintiff Theresa Cave sustained numerous severe and permanent inju:des including, but not limited to, the following J (a) dizziness; (b) right ear injury, (c) headaches, " (d) tenderness of the right paraspinal cervical musculature, (e) acute right cervical strain, and/or aggravation of preexisting cervical strainr If) right serous otitis media, (g) injury to right shoulder, and/or aggravation of preexisting right shoulder problems; (h) injury to right arm, and/or aggravation of preexisting right arm problems; (i) . injury to left arm, and/or aggravation of preexisting left arm problemsr (j) pain in left and right trapezius areas, and/or aggravation or preexisting problem in left and right trapezius, (k) cervical spine injury, and/or aggravation of prp.existing cervical spine problem, and 3 . 'IW""~"M"lpl.,.",;_~f,.11l"4,".l/IiI'~ (11 emotional upset and anxiety. 10. As a direct and proximate cause of th& collision, Plaintiff Theresa Cave has suffered, and will suffer in the future, , great physiaal and emotional pain, agony, and inconvenience. 11. As a direct and proximate result of the collision, Plaintiff Theresa Cave has incurred, and in the future will incur. expenses for medical treatment and physical therapy in an amount in excess of sums otherwise recoverable. 12. I\s a direct and proximate result of, the collision, Plaintiff Theresa Cave has and may continue to suffer severe loss of earnings and impairment of earning capacity, which income loss may exceed sums otherwise recoverab!,e, 13. As a direct and proximate result of the collision, Plaintiffs' automobile was severely damaged to Plaintiffs detriment and financial loss. 14. As a direct and proximate result of the collision, Plaintiff Theresa Cave has or may hereinafter incur other financial "i_,j 'II t~ ti 'fl'll ,'v 't- ',!'Iii! , 1\'/1 ,1';1','.; \I,\,i r ,;' \~ ,;, expenses or losses which she may not otherwise be entitled to recovRr. , .,j: . " . "~'''~.''',M",,/'.J,~,''V't.U4''4.6''JHI,t 15. Plaintiffs have made It selection of full tort option coverage for their auto insurance policy purchased from Erie Insurance Group which was in effect at the time of th~s accident. Count I Plaintiff There.a Cave v. Defendant Michael. 16. The allegations contained in Paragraphs 1 through 15 are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth at length. 17. Defendant Michaels was negligent, careless and reck1ess in causing the aforesaid accident, all of which caused the severe injuries of Plaintiff Theresa Cave as set forth above. 18. The negligence, carelessness and recklessness of Defendant Michaels consisted of the followingt (a) operating her automobile at a high and excessive rate of speed under the circumstances; (b) failing to maintain her vehicle under proper and adequate control at the time; (c) failing to take evasive action to avoid the collision! (d) failing to keep a proper lookout for the automobile being operated by Plaiut iff David Cave which was legally stopped in observance of thp. stop sign; 5 ,'w" ,,..,.. fMU,.lp/',.,//,.Mp/" "'~. ".b. f11i/ ,l (e) failing to keep a proper lookout for the automobile being operated by Defendant Clifford Ressler which was approaohing the intersection, ~ (f) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. 53321 entitled Vehicle Approaching or Entering Intersection, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (g) dperating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.I\. S33:Z2 entitled Vehicle Turning Left, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the !;lublic highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (h) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3361 entitled Driving at Safe Speed, ~ertaining to 'the operation of motor vehicles on the public , highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law; (i) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits. pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public ,highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter 9f law; [j) operating her vehicle in violation of 75 Pa.C.S,I\. .j , /...;.,,'....;ft..J/,....,.I.I.V4.~.<I8I,t. <f) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. 53321 entitled Vehicle Approaching 01" Entering Intersection, pertaining to tne operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as i\ matter of la~" (g) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3361 entitled Driving Vehicle at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (h) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits, pertaining to the operat ion of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (i) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. !i3714 entitled Careless Driving, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law, (j) operating his automobile without due regard for the rights, safety, well being, and position of Jiltaintiffs under the aforesaid circumstances; (k\ failing to use due care under the circumstances; and (1) failing to stop within assured clear distance. 9 , THERESA ROSE CAVE and DAVID L. CAVE, Plaintiffs XN,THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CUMBERLAND COUN'r'{, PENNSYLVANIA v. NO. 97-4575 CIVIL CIVIL ACTION - LAW SHIRLEY A. MICHAELS, CAROL and CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR., Defendants JURY TRIAL DEMJ.NDED NOTICE TO pLEAD TOI Dennis R. Sheaffer, Esquire HEPFORD, SWARTZ & MORGAN 111 North Front Street P. O. Box 889 Harrisburg, FA 17108-0889 Lauralee B. Baker, Esquire REYNOLDS & HAVAS 101 Pine Street P. O. Box 932 Harrisburg, FA 17108-0932 YOU ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED to plead to the enclosed New Matter within twenty (20) days from service hereof or a default judgment will be entered against you. I I i I I I I I i D"TE (' " ," " I . ,.W{\; ~ U \\~\~ BY~ Respectfully submitted, WI~, WENGER & WEIDNER ~O ~j-,( J~,<_ R~C\;;~-<"H. Wix, Es;u1re T ID# 07274 4705 Duke Street Harrisburg, PI\ 17109 (717) 652-8455 'IS. Admitted in part and denied in part. Admitted that on or about August 26, 1995 Oefendant Michaels proceeded to make a left turn from the eastbound lane of Valley street to go northbound on First street in summerdale, Pennsylvania. It is specifioally denied that the time was approximately 3100 p.m. To the contrary, the Defendant believes and therefore avers that the time was approximately 5110 p.m. By way of further answer, the remaining averments of Paragraph 5 are conclusions of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a relOponCie is deemed required, each and every remaining averment of Paragraph 5 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 6. Admitted. 7. I\dmitted in part and denied in part. I\dmitted that a collision occurred between a vehic~e operated by Defendant Michaels and a second metor vehicle. The remaining averments of Paragraph 7 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, the remaining averments of Paragraph 7 are specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 8. The averments of paragraph 8 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To tho extent that a response is deemed required, oach and every averment of Paragraph 2 B is specificallY denied and strict proot thereot is demanded at the time of trial. 9. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 9. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 9 is specificaHy denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 10. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 10. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 10 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 11. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 11. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 11 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 12. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of paragraph 12. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 12 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 13. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without 3 sufficient: knowled'iJe to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 13. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 13 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 14. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 14. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 14 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 15. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to for.m a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 15. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 15 is specifically denied and strict proof th~reof is demanded at the time of trial. 16. Paragraphs 1 through 15 of the Defendant Michaels' Answer with New Matter to Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference. 17. The averments of Paragraph 17 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of Paragraph 17 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 18. The averments of Paragraph 18 constitute a conclusion of 4 law to which no l:'espon158 is required. To the extent that a responlle is doemed required, each and every averment ot Paragraph 18 is specifically denied and strict proof thereot is demanded at the time ot trial. 19. The averments of Paragraph 19 constitute a conclusion ot law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every averment of Paragraph 19 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 20. The averments of Paragraph 20 constitute a conclusion of law to which no response is required. To the extent that a response is deomed required, each and every averment of Paragraph 20 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shirley A. MiChaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiffs' complaint with prejudice. 21.-25. The addressed at a averments of Paragraphs 21 through 25 are Defendant other than answering Defendant. Therefore, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court. to dismiss the Plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudice. 5 , 26. Paragraphs 1 through :Z~ ot Defendant Michaels' Answer With New Matter to Plaintiffs' complaint are incorporated herein by reference. 27. After reasonable investigation, Defendant is without sufficient knowledge to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of Paragraph 27. Therefore, each and every averment of Paragraph 27 is specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. WHEREFORE, Defendant, shirley A. Michaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the plaintiffs' complaint with prejudice. 28.-29. Paragraphs 28 and 29 are addressed to a Defendant other than the answering Defondant. Therefore, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels, respectfully requests Your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiffs' Complaint with prejudice. NEW MATTER 30. The Plaintiff's claims are for medical expenses and/or wage loss and are barred, or should be reduced in accordance with S 1722 of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Act. 31. The Plaintiff's claims for non-pecuniary damages may be 6 barred by the limited tort option of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Finanoial Rasponsibility Act. 32. The injuries and damages referred to in the Plaintiff's Complaint were caused by an accident that occurred in September of 1994 and were not caused by the accident referred to in the Plaintiff's Complaint. WHEREFORE, Defendant, shirley A. Micha~ls, respectfully requests your Honorable Court to dismiss the Plaintiff's Complaint with prejudice. NEW HATTER PURSUANT TO fA R.C.P 22521dl shirlev A. Michaels v. Clifford Ressler. Jr. 33. Paragraphs 1 through 32 of Defendant Michaels' I\nswer With New Matter are incorporated herein by reference. 34. The allegations contained in paragraph 23 of the Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference without admission or adoption. 35. In the event that it is determined that Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels is liable for the injuries of the Plaintiff, then in that event, Defendant, Shirley A. Michaels, demands contribution and/or indemnity from the Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr. 7 . . . , , " I, " ! I I I' 'I " " I' n .'':'1 q ""/ '" , ,i ) , , " , 1 " " I , . ) ,I iH , , I :'; '-, I ~' "- , I , , " , , , ' " ., "~"'I"'~...- '0-:;" .. :.. JUL 0 6 1998 t/J THERESA ROSE CAVE and DAVID L. CAVE, JR" Plaintiffs, : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS : OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNA. :CIVIL ACTION -- LAW v. : NO, 97.4575 CIVIL TERM SHIRLEY A. MICHAELS, CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR. and CAROL RESSLER, Defendants. . . : JURY TRIAL DEMANDED ORDER . q./h U-.v. . AND NOW comes thIS _ day of ~ 1998, upon consIderation of the Stipulation of Counsel to resolve PreliminBl)' Objections. it is hereby ordered and decreed ,that the Stipulation of Counsel is hereby approved. BYTH~~~:~-:J ,;?;/ , ,/ " , , J. ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ I I ~ ~~ ~~ " I I ~ I' '"J "~I' .~I. ~ " '~I , ~ , I I , <.1' " ;r'., / . - I ,. ,", , , , ',":' , n , V '. , , , " " I , I I 'I I I .j I I I ro-M)t>.....?"~l/l~I9.~: J't~~~.YM.JJ~ tUll'Il'"i m' QJMBI;J~J\NI) ,.------.------- Phintiffs I I I I r I I Filo No. 97-4575 Civil TH~:RESI\ ROSE CAVE' and DAVID L. CAVE, v. SHIRLEY 1\. MICHAELS, CAROL and CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR., Defendants SUBPOENA TO PRa:xx::E [)Q(U>tWTS OR TH I NG!i FOR 0' SCX)YERY PURSUANT TO R!.ll.E 4009. U TOI Personnel Pennsylvania Blua Shield, 1800 Centar Straet, Camp Hill, PI\ l7011 (Nlmt of Person or Entity) Within twenty (20) days after service of this subpoena, you aro ordered by tho court to produca tho following doa.rnents or thingsl Your cO[!!Elata parsonnel file relatin~ relating to Theresa Rose Cave including but not limited to any Worke~ Comp --rtl~ll~l' ':r:r-l1!cra~~mm-'1ll'\Y Otner aoc(liiiei'ics 1n your pOBSeSSlon ~t nq to Theresa Rose Cava. at )iix, h'enqer & NeidneL..._470S Duke St;.reet, _Harrisburg, PI\ 17109 _____ (Addres;) YO\J 1MI' deliver or nuil legible copies of the doGunents or produce things request.ec1 h) this subpoena, together with the certificate of compliance, to the party making thif request at the address listed abcve. You have the right to seek in advance the reasonabl~ cost of preparing tha copies or producing the things sought. If you fail to produce the docunents or th;ngs required by this subpoena within twenty (20) days after its serv:ce, the party 5t>rving this subpoena nul' saek a court .')/"der arrpelling you to corply with it. nlls SUBPOENA WAS ISSUED AT THE REQJEST OF THF. Fct.LONING PERSON, NAl"EI Girard E. Rickards, Esquire AOORE~~fx47ij5n85Re&s~f~gQer Harri~~. FA 1Z1~____ TELEPIi:II/Er_1717\ 6~2-R455 SUPREM; OOJRT 'D It ~ A A 6 7 ATTORNEY FORI Defendant Michaels DATE: July 21, 1998 Sea I of the Court BY THE a::;IJRTr C/utiA {J e.~_" _, Prothonotary/CUlirll, Civil Dlv Is ion _ n Lt.... (). 7ttd!f~ ~ Deputy (Eft. 1/97) o:>>ON';I'l:-;ATJI~L~~.I'~J'lNSY}~M.).J.~ roJ~l'"i Oli' CUMJIDlI/INQ ___I 'rIlERESA ROSE CAVE 'and- DAVID L.CI\VE, FilQ No. 97-4575 civil plaintiffs v. SHIRLEY 1\. MICHAELS, CAROL and CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR., Defendants SUBPOENA TO PROCOO! OOCl...t"Eyrs OR TH I NGS FOR 0' SCX)yERY PURSUANT TO RULE 4009.22 TOt Good Hope Family Physicians, 1830 Good-Hgpe Road. En01a. PA 17025 (NlrTlO of Person or Ent it 1') Within twenty (20) days after service of this subpoena, you aro ordered by the court to produce the following doo..ments or things I All medi"a1 rec!,rds, notes" ~Eespondonc~ and o~~or docum~nts relating to Theresa Rose Cave. at ~ix, Wenqer & Neidne!J...~70S Duke St;.reet, Harrisburg, PA 17109 (Addres; ) You may deliver or null legible copies of the docunents or produce things request.ecl h) this subpoena, together with the certificate of compliance. to the party making this reque~t at the address listed above. You have the right to seek in edvance the reasonabl. cost of preparing the copies or producins the things sought. If you fail to produce the docunents or th;ngs required by this subpoena within twenty (20) days after its serv:ce, the party st>rving ~his subpoena may seek a court ~der compelling you to comply with it. 7HIS SUBPOENA WAS ISSUED AT 7HE REOJEST OF iliE FOLLONING PERSONl ~I Girard E. Rickards, Esq~iro AODRE~~fx47~5n85Re&S~f~2Qer ~larri~QurSJ~~~2____ TELEPfiONE: I 7 1 7 I 65 2 - R 4 5 5 SUPRB'E COJRT ID II ~AA~7 ATTORNEY FOR: Defendant Michaels DATE: July 21, 1998 Seal of the COurt BY THE ~j, G..-uu R. /~A, 1->...' ... prothonot~y/c1ei-I(, civil Division _(I. _ C;, /11./~,:'" ~ Deputy (Eft. 1/97) a belief as to the truth of the averments of the corresponding paragraph of Plaintiffs' Complaint, therefore, said averments are denied. 3. Admitted. 4. Denied. I\fter reasonable investigation, Answering Defendant is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the avermencs of the corresponding paragraph of Plaintiffs' Complaint, therefore, said averments are denied. 5. Admitted. 6. Admitted in part and denied in pare. It is admitted that on or about August 26, 1995, while traveling westbound, Mr. Ressler approached the intersection of Valley Street and First Street in Summerdale, Pennsylvania. It is specifically denied that Answering Defendant approached the intersection in a reckless and/or careless manner. To the contrary, the averments of Paragraph 6 are conclusions of law, which are deemed to be denied by operation of law and accordingly, no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, the corresponding averments of Paragraph 6 are specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. 7. Admitted in part and denied in part. It is admitted that Defendant Michaels' vehicle collided with that driven by Mr. Ressler. As to the remainder of the alle9ations contained in the corresponding paragraph of Plaintiffs' Complaint, Answering Defendant is without knowledge or information sufficient to form - 2 - a belief as to the truth of the averments of the corresponding paragraph of ~laintiffs' Complaint, therefore, said averments are denied. 8. Denied. It is specifically denied that Mr. Ressler operated his vehicle in a negligent, careless and/or reckless manner. To the contrary, at all times relevant hereto, Mr. Ressler operated his vehicle in a manner expected of a reasonable, prudent driver. By way of further answer, the corresponding averments of Paragraph 8 constitute a conclusion of law, which is deemed to be denied by operation of law and accordingly, no response is required. 9-15. Denied. The corresponding averments of Plaintiffs' Complaint set forth a conclusion of law, which is deemed to be denied by operation of law and accordingly, no response is required. By way of further answer, Answering Defendant is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of the averments of the corresponding paragraph of Plaintiffs' Complaint, therefore, said averments are denied. COUNT I PLAINTIPP. THERESA CAVE v. DEPENDANT MICHAELS 16. The foregoing par:agraphs are incorporated herein by reference as those set forth fully at length. 17-20. The corresponding paragraphs of Plaintiffs' Complaint are not directed toward Answering Defendant, and accordingly, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr., demands judgment in his favor and against Plaintiffs. - 3 - COUNT I I 21A11fnJ'F~_ THIUSA CAVI V I DIFIHDAHT CLurOIlD..RlSS%II1l 21. 'I'he flJt'81)olll!/ piH.dlJl'llphH dIll 111l~I)JV(ll'ut<ld lwrein by reference as thofHl /lot (onh fully 011- 11I1I1)lh. 22. Denied. 'I'h<l cot'l'Otlp11llllill', .!lVunlllJllta of Plaintiffs' Complaint constitute rJo,wlUH!OIlH of ldw, which are deemed to be denied by operation or. li\W Hill! IIcconl1llg1y, no response is requ ired. 23. Denied. 'I'he corrGapollll1nq averments of Plaintiffs' ComplaInt constitute cOllllluaiolls of law, which are deemed to be denied by operat Ion of lllw and accorcHngly, no response is required. It ill further sp'3cif.ically denied that Mr. Ressler was neg1igGnt with the followingr (a) operating his autonmbl1e at a high and excessive rate of speed under. the circumstancesr (b) failing t.o maintain his automobile under proper and adequate control at tho timor (c) failing to take evaaive action to avoid the collision, (d) failing to keep a proper lookout for the automobile being operated by l'l,llntift DavId Cave which was legally stopped in observance of the stop sign, (e) failing to keep a proper lookout for the automobile being operated by Defendant Michaels which was proceeding to turn left from Valley Street onto First Street r (f) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa. C.S.A. 83321 entitled Vehicle Approaching or Entering . 4 - :rntarsection, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the publiG highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law; (g) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa. C.S.A. 53361 entitled Driving Vehicle at Safe Speed, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law; (h) operating his automobile in violation in 75 Pa. C.S.A. 53362 entitled Maximum Speed Limits, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law; (i) operating his automobile in violation of 75 Pa. C.S.A. 53714 entitled Careless Driving, pertaining to the operation of motor vehicles on the public highway, which constitutes negligence as a matter of law; (j) operating his automobile without due regard for the rights, safety, well being, and position of Plaintiffs under the aforesaid circumstances; (k) stricken by way of stipulation of counsel; and (1) failing to stop within assured clear distance. 24. The corresponding averments of Plaintiffs' Complaint constitute conclusions of law, which are deemed to be denied by operation of law, and accordingly, no response is required. To the extent that a response is deemed required, each and every " - 5 - averment of para!Jt'tlph 2<1 ill lIplJl:lf ical.1y denied and strict proof thereof is demandell at thl! t illll! of trial. 25. The corrospoll,lin!j IIV'irm,mts of Plaintiffs' Complaint constitute conduaiQnll of 1"w, which are deemed to be denied by operation of. la\ll, tind accordingly, no response is required. To the extent that il l'IHlpnllfJc 11'1 d'Jemed required, each and every averment of Pal'a~It'tIf.)h ;!~j ill lIpeci f ically denied and strict proof thereof is d',manded lit tho time of trial. WHEI~El'OIH':, lllltondant, CUfford Ressler, Jr" demands judgment in his favor and against Plaintiffs. COUNT I II PLAIHnU._,DAY.1JL CAYB v. DIIPIENDANT MICIlAIlLS 26, The fox'egoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as those sat forth fully at length. 27. 'rhe allegations contained in this paragraph are not directed toward Answering Defendant, and accordingly, no response is required. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr., demands judgment in his favor and against Plaintiffs. COUN'l' IV PLAIHTIPP~YID CAVE v. DEPIENDANT CLIPPORD RESSLBR 28. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as those set forth fully at length. 29. The corresponding averments of Plaintiffs' Complaint constitute a conclusion of law, which is deemed to be denied by 6 - operation of law, and accordingly, no response is required. To the extent a response is deemed necessary, the corresponding averments are specifically denied and strict proof thereof is demanded at the time of trial. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr., demands judgment in his favor and against Plaintiffs. NEW MATTBR 30. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as if set forth fully at length. 31. Plaintiffs' Complaint fails to state any claim upon which relief can be granted as against Answering Defendant. 32. To the extent currently applicable, or to the extent that it can later become applicable, Answering Defendant pleads the statute of limitations to preserve thi.s affirmative defense for the record. 33. To the extent that discovery or the evidence at trial may establish that Plaintiff.s were negligent and that such negligence caused or contributed to cause the injuries and damages of which Plaintiffs' complain, Answering Defendant expressly reserves the right to assert the affirmative defense of contributory/comparative negligence and/or assumption of risk. 34. To the extent that Plaintiffs sustained any injury or damage as alleged in Plaintiffs' Complaint, which is specifically denied, Answering Defendant avers that any such injury or damage - 7 . was the result of the acts or omissions of third parties for which I\nswering Defendant is in no way liable. 35. The injuries and damages as alleged in Plaintiffs' Complaint were caused by an accident other than the one at issue and accordingly, I\nswering Defendant is not responsible for any such injuries. 36. Plaintif fs' <:laims for medical expenses and/or wage loss are barred, or should be reduced in accordance with the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Act. 37. Plaintiffs I claims for non-pecuniary damages may be barred by the limited tort option of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Act. WHEREFORE, Defendant, Clifford Ressler, Jr., demands judgment in his favor and against Plaintiffs. NEW MATTBR PURSUANT TO PA. R.C.P. NO. 22521dl Clifford Res$ler, Jr. v. Shirley A. Michaels 38. The foregoing paragraphs are incorporated herein by reference as those set forth fully at length. 39. The allegations contained in Paragraph 18 of Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference as though set forth fully at length. 40. In the event that it is determined that Defendant, Clifford Ressler is liable for the injuries allegedly sustained by Plaintiffs, then, in that event, Defendant, Clifford. Ressler demands contribution from Defendant, Shirley Michaels. - 8 - CERTIFICATE P~EM!QUISITl! TO SE~VICE 01' ^ SUBPOENA PU~6UANT TO RU~E 4009.22 IN THE MATTE~ 0'1 THERESA ~. CAVE AND DAVID ~. CAVE,J~ .VS. SHIRLEY A, MICHAELS. CLIFFORD ~ESSLE~,J~ COURT 0' COMMON PLEAS TERM, 0000 CASE NOl 97.4575 CIVIL TERM As a prerequisite to servic~ of a subpoena for documents and things pursuant to Rule 4009,22 MCS on behalf of LAURALEE S, BAKER, ESQUIRE defendant cartlfies that (1) A notice of intant to serve the subpoena with a copy of the subpoena attached thereto was mailed or delivered to each party at least twenty days prior to the date on which the subpoena is sought to be Be rved. (2) A copy of the notice of intent, including the proposed subpoena, is attached to the certificate. (3) No objection to the subpoena has been received, and (4) The subpoena which will be served is identical to the subpoena which is attached to the notice of intent to serve the subpoena. DATE I 9/14/98 LAURALEE S. BAKER. ESQUIRE Attorney for DEFENDANT , DEll-059429 67832 -La 6 " " H , , 'Ii p, V;) q , C~ , ':HiJ' '''1 ',' I r"ll! ''Q 1'1,71 t;,il" - ''''13 ~h:;: ~ T't; '~'I!) ~ ., r:) ", :J';. I.::~ ~,..r", hI": ~-'''~ !l; ", - I~ - 'T' ~~ .. ~ - 'I. '" :;j , I l1'\ , I I I , , , ,. '. " , " , , "I " " , I , I " " . I I I , ", " 'I I, ~m lB !j.1 'ii ~ l " ,./1 :Jp ~ ... { N ti, /. . - I ;~(. , .;t~ I ,I': ., "1' I' I, 1;;("; :J; 'J '. U(,) ~) f.j ',, ~ ~ I' ..J (:) ::"1 ""' en ... I , , ., " I " I. I , I, I, ., ,I , I, , " , , " I," k (I) I" ,": ,'j I .. ,,' " 1.:'.; , , ) q. , I : , '- , ., ):' , , I , , " I ! , " , ,(d , :. '\J. 1/'1 .l n~ <) _.';- " ' , . " . , " ~ . , , .. . " " l' I 'I / ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ! i BJ~~~I ~ ~ 8 ~ '~ '< tl IS , "' :J . IJi ~ ~ ,p , ,', " , ' , , ,~ ~ ~ , !;;: ~ " ~ - ;;; ~ ~ 0 v ~ ~ ,i . ~ . .' 3. At the Umeot the agClident reterred to in your. , complaint, .tate whether you or vour 'pous. Were the titled owner ot any motor vehicle. ANSWER I 4. It you answered "yes" to Interroc;Jatory No.3, tot each vehicle state I a) b) c) d) each vehicle, e) The titled owner ot the vehicle, The year, make and model ot the vehicle, The V.I.N. number ot each vehicle; The motor vehicle insurance policy applicable to Whether any of the vehicles were n2t insured at the, time of the accident referred to in your Complaint. ANSWER I - 2 - SHIRLEY A. MICHAELS, CLIFFORD RESSLER, JR. and C,\ROL RESSLER, Defendants I I~ THE COURT OF CDMMO~ PLEAS OF I CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PE~NSYLVANIA I I NO. 97.4575 CIVIL TERM I I I CIVIL ACTIO~ - LAW I I I JURY TRIAL DEMANDED THERESI\ ROSe cAve and DAVID L. CAVE, JR., Plaintiffs v. FIRST REOUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF POCUH~ TOI Theresa Rose Cave and DENNIS R. SHAFFER, ESQUIRE, I\ttorney for plaintiffs I\ND NOW, this 25th day of February, 199B, pursuant to pennsylvania Rules of civil procedure 4009, as amended, come(s) the Defendant by his counsel, WIX, WENGER & WEIDNER, and request(s) said parties to produce for inspection, examination and copying, at the law office of counsel for the requesting party, not later than thirty (30) days after service of this Request, the following documents: 1. 1\11 statements, fligned statements, transcripts of recorded statements, interviews or affidavits of any person or witness relating to, referring to, or describing any of the events surrounding the alleged accident in question as referred to in Plaintiffs' complaint, inclUding those relating to the happening of the accident or to Plaintiff's. injuries or losses. 2. 1\11 expert opinions, expert reports, expert summaries or other writings of experts in your custody or control or in the Exhibit "e" cUstody or control of your attorney, insurer, or anyone else actinq on your behalf, which relate to any aspect of the subj ect matter of this liti9ation. 3. All reports, opinions, records, correspondence of all physicians, osteopaths, chiropractors, or other practitioners of the healing arts who have treated, examined or consulted with you at any time. 4. All hospital records relating to you, both before and after the date of the accident, up to the present time. 5. All bills, invoices or statements of charges from all physicians, osteopaths, chiropr~ctors, hospitals, medical associates, or other medical practitioners, relating to treatment, examination or consultation of you, associated with injuries or conditions allegedly sustained in the accident in question which is the subject matter of this litigation. 6. 1\11 written records or writings of whatsoever kind in your care, custody or control or in the care, custody or care of your (Plaintiff's) employer, evidencing or dealing with lost wages, lost income or reduced earning capacity allegedly sustained by you as a result of the accident in question which is the subject matter of this litigation. 7. All photographs, plans, drawings, sketches or diagrams in your possession, custody or control, or in the possession, custody or control of your attorney, your insurer, or anyone else acting on your behalt, dealing with any aspect of this litigation, including but not limited to the vehicles, instrumentalities, or accident site, involved in the accident in question which iB the subject ot this litigation, including injuries sustained by you. Such documents shall include any documents made or prepared up through the present time, with the exclusion of the me~tal impressions ot you attorney or his conclushms, opinions, memoranda, notes or summaries, legal research or legal theories, and those documents prepared in Ilnticipation ot ], i tigation by your representative which would disclose the representative's mental impressions, conclusions or opinions respecting the value or merit ot a claim or defense. 8. All documents prepared by you, or by any insurer, representative, agent or anyone else acting on your behalt, except your attorney, during or as part of an investigation ot the accident in question which is the subject matter of this litigation, including injuries sustained by you. Such documents shall include any documents made or prepared up through the present time, with the exclusion ot the mental impressions ot your attorney or his conclusions, opinions, memoranda, notes or summaries, legal research or legal theories, and those documents p~epared in anticipation ot litigation by your representative which would disclose the representative's mental impressions, conclusions or opinions respecting the value or merit of a claim or defense. 9. copies of your Federal Income Tax Returns for the five (5) ~ .... .- i ~ ~~. ~ ~ ~ r ~ ;.j m ~~ ;1l~OZ ._ ZO~() ~~1~~8~ ~g ~~qGl> ~ ~~~~ g 6 ~ ~ ~ .x . , I I I il ,I 0 tS ~?, ~ffi ~ '-I 1 "'I ! II'~ ~~j N "l~ 0 ~u ["; I:), ~8 ru ,1;~ " CO ;;r., ~ .. ~ VI (11 ~ aocident to No. 4382 S 1996 in the court ot Common Pleas, Dauphin county. 6. The Detend~nt, shirley Miohaels, has alleged, and continues to allege that Plaintiff did not sustain any set'ious injury in the August 26, 1995 accident. 7. Defendant, shirley Michaels, has alleged, and continues to allege, that any injuries Plaintiff sustained were c3used by a separate accident in which Defendant was not involved. (New Matter, Paragraph 32). B. Defendant Michaels withheld fiUng this Motion until a defense medical evaluation was performed by a Dr. steinman on the plaintiff for the Dauphin county case involving the 1994 accident. 9. Dr. steinman, a physiatrist, produced a report in conjunction with his medical evaluation. A copy of the report is attached hereto and incorporated by reference as Exhibit "A." 10. Dr. steinman's report relates some of the Plaintiff's injuries and subsequent surgery to the accident of August 26, 1995. 11. Pa. R.C.P. 4010 provides that when the physical condition of a party is in controversy, the court may order that party to submit to a physical examination. 12. The physical condition of Plaintiff, Theresa Rose cave, is in controversy in this action as evidenced by the Pleadings, Answers to Interrogatories, and Depositions. 2 13. The Plaintiff's physical condition is material to her olaim and in order to evaluate her condition and injuries in regard to this particular accident, a defense medioal examination is needed. 14. 1\ defense medical examination is needed in order to apportion what injuries, if any, resulted from this accident and what injuries are purely the r~su1t of other accidents or causes. 15. Because the medical examination from the Dauphin County case did not addre~s these issues (see Exhibit "A"), Defendant, Shirley Michaels, aveL'S that a defense medical examination be performed in this case by a physician of Defendant's Choosing. 16. The Plaintiff has refused to submit to a medical examination by a physician of Defendant's Choosing as evidenced by the letter from Plaintiffs' counsel attached hereto as Exhibit "B" and incorporated herein by reference. 17. Defense counsel would normally select a physician from the orthopedic Institute of pennsylvania, however, they are the Plaintiff'S treating physicians. 18. Defense counsel has selected Perry A. Eagle, M.D. to do the defense medical evaluation of the Plaintiff. 19. Where a party moves for a court-ordered physical or mental examination under Pa. R.C.P. 4010, that party, as a general rule, has the right to sa1ect the physician who will perform the J examination. Richwine v. smith, 40 D.&C.3d 95, 9'1 (Cumberland C.P. 1985) . 20. simply because Dr. Eagle was a defendant in a case in which Plaintiffs' counsel was opposing counsel, should not be grounds to exclude Dr. Eagle from this case. To do this would allow law firms to systematically exclude the best doctors from testifying in matters against them simply by rep~esenting a client in a suit against those doctors. " 21. Perry A. Eagle, M.D. is a physician licensed under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is a board-oertified orthopedic surgeon with offices at 191 Leader Heights Road, York, Pennsylvania. 22. Defendant believes, and therefore avers, that a defense medical evaluation performed by a physician of Defendant's choosing is necessary in order to defend Plaintiff's claims that she sustained numerous severe and permanent injuries, including but not limited to, income loss, loss of earning capacity, pain and suffering, etc., and to assess the nature and any extent of injuries sustained as a result of the accident referred to in Plaintiffs' Complaint. 23. If Defendant is not permitted to have the Plaintiff examined, the Defendant will be severely prejudiced in the defe~se of these claims. 4 1\ ", .' ,,'1 C'O~U o.~ 0;11' 'Ok~ 10:1' h"llIltd"IJIlO~'O;'" ~.PIlUI" 1'''IIlHIlI '" l""ht,'~IO ,... I~k I,,. ttOO,m,2UO lr'I\l'aI\tICIW\n"'" lWIUPltl ..II'''l OI~.'\It'lll'll (717IUI.lal Mvt.OM.:t.GlON' J.",",,,,,i.tl,HO,,F.ACl, 0."'11 ( (joc4,N D,'^C S. YW.'C IAII,I1D,',I-(I. (t~t GI",6C1,11 0.. tfl. C ltCI,'"" s. J(:~"" GIIUI~C. M Ou fAC l Kc.\h J. Kw~lt",.1.MD,fAC 5. """''''1''11,'''0 NEUt.O\.OGI1TS C'l''''''''l,HC..I'',r..Cfl: LJ..,.nn 0 ~Od'lho""Mo.. ""/'Iltll\ M. HcDonO\j~ M 0. y, HI",ull~\Iml" to'! D.. M fI. C_P.!. G,Ibtr1 , ThU~. M 0. PHY$I,.T"llT Ilcbtn C SI.ihllun,MD,,'AA,'Mk \ I I I \ " LANCASTER NEU1\O~(]ENCE ASSO( ATES tO~1f Mny 19, 1999 I.M.E. Thonll1s E. Brenner, Esq. P.O. Dox 1268 HllITlsburg PA 17108-1268 RE: Theresa R. Cnvc 1MB DATE SEEN: 5-19-99 ACCT: 99694 Dell1' Mr. Brenner: Thank you for referring Mrs. Cnve for an Independent Medical EVl1luation. I appreciate the record copies whIch you sent, along with deposition transcripts, and reviewed them prior to the visit. Mrs. Cave was here on time, neatly and appropriately dressed, a pleasant and cooperative lady. I explained to Mrs. Cave that I had previously re\;ewed the transcript of each of her depositions, and a great deal of medical records going back to 1986. I showed her the file. I .....ent through the deposition transcripts in some detail, mentioning some of the questions she .....as asked and what her answers were, and how the lav,')'ers were trying to separate what symptoms she had from the 1994 accident, and which might be due 10 the 1995 incident, I then started going over the record copies as a result of the 9-16-94 motor vehicle accident. I went through the other records rapidly, in all overview, up through the Incident which occurred in August of 1995. her visits to various physicians. and the surgery on her neck which was done on 11-18-96, and the problems which persisted Ilnd may have dewloped since then, I. Rq . E. ' I Exhibit "1\" Thercsa It COI'C 5-19.99 2 Mrs. Cavc wus ncotly und opproprfolcly dresscd, a straluht forward, qulct, non-histrionIc and cooperative lady. Shc sold Ihollnlllolly, In 1994, shc hod blluleral poslcrlor shouldcr Illrdlc pains, 4 und shc 51111 hurls \'Cry much more on Ihe lefl. As for us shc Is conccrncd (and this WU5 supported by her ph)'slculthcroplst, I was told), she did 6 nol el'Cr hul'c 0 Iruly "erol.en shoul-fer". Ph)'slcallhcrapy helped rcgaln 0 lilllc morc Icn shouldcr mo\'Cment, but It rcully ncvcr did hclp the 8 shoulder pain. 10 \\~lcn Dr. DeMulh oJJered 10 do l11anipulntlon under oneslheslo, she decltned. Shc thcn sow another orlhopedlc ~urgcon, Dr, J. L1l1on, who InJecled the left shoulder twice, but 12 11;lhout on)' ocncfit1o her. Each lime Ihe Injections were folllJwcd by her fcellng qulle sick, wilh Increased headaches, 14 nausea, impaircd equilibrium, and she cl'en hnd to lake time olfwork. 16 Chiropractor Leidy, had olrcody suggcsled a cmical MR scon long before the 1995 MV A. Dr. Sangillo dlsagrced howel'er, and nel'cr ordered II. 18 (This lady said she had ocgun to see Dr, Leidy pcrhaps 2 mOlllhs before Ihe Augusl 1995 MY A. This was tinally disconllnued occause his treatments were not making progress,) 20 In Seplemocr 1994, the predominanlly lefl poslerlor shoulder girdle pain, with some on the right 22 along the trapezius ridgc out to bUlnot quilc reaching the shoulder point, perslsled. There was pain dOlln the left Mn, lypically 10 the elbow. 24 After Septemocr 1994, and prior to AUgllSt 1995, she bcgon to have lingling sensations in bilateral fingertips. 26 She would "slack" her tinger:;, top them on 0 desk top for eXMlple, ond gel some relief. Occasionally she lost some sleep occause Oflhis tingling, and il bolhered her in addition when 28 sittingquielly. At work it did nol. The lingling was equal on each side. 30 She still has those ~ame orea Md t)pe of pains. 32 There is con~tnnt aching pain in the neck and the left ~houlder, never absent. If the pain is 34 aggravaled by activity, II may wake her at night. Elevating the left ormlo rcach somelhing causes shooting pains down to the elbow. She 36 demonstrated that pain developed al about 70 degrees of flexion. Raising the arm over head is accompanied by snaps and olhcr noises. She still has occasional 38 shooting pain and increases in the aching pain that spread into the neck and down between the shoulder blades, and even more inlo the left scapulor (poslerior shoulder girdle) section. 40 2 Thercsa R, Cal'e 5-19-99 2 Once, whcn pUlling on a drcss omhclld, tihe started lIbruplly with numbness and tingling ovcr Ihe len shouldcr blade, and II has nCl'Cr gonc III1'IIY. 4 6 Onlhe rlllht, thcre ore no achinll or shoalIng ann puin, Thercsa Cove sold thai aner the ccrl'lcalsurgcry, thc llngling In her fingers was relieved. It 8 slurted to return a Iillle bit, laic In 1998. It hasn't ocen 0 "big dcal" so for, but she Is concemed as to how bod It sllU could get. 10 12 Pain Inhibits left shoulder mobililY, but slle con apparcl1lly put it through nomlal range. Neck mobility Is fairl)' good, bllt rolatlng 10 the left Is a problcm with e~1ra pain. There Is lI. 14 conslllnt aching pain In lhe neck. She gels cramps, spasms? in the back of her neck. Often the hcad feels 100 heavy for the neck 10 support. 16 With neck movement she hcars some snapping noIses. 18 Occipital headaches fced ofrthe nC(k, in thallhe worse the neck pain, the worse the headache. II becomes hord 10 conccnlrate and think. Occasionally she has/ost time becau:lC of headaches. 20 l3asically she tries to grin und ocar it. There urc no s)'stemlc fcaturcs such as nausea, sweating, pre.fainllng, auditory or visual aocrrations. 22 SheJusl hurts in the bock of the head. 24 Shc does get about lhrec migraine headaches lI. )'car 1I;lh prodromes, lIJ1d the:lC lITe fronto-parleta~ and diffcrenl. 26 In neither arm or hnnd is thcrc ony unllSua! Icmpcraturc, c%r chonge or swelling. 28 Cough, snceze or laugh activily or ocaring down at stool do not per se cause pain. Whcn she sneezcs however 0 suddcn ncck Jerking with lhe snee7..e may cause pain. 30 Her hnnds were weak ocfore nnd uOer the surgcry. 32 They seem to be back now to ordinary strength. Thc Icft hond had becn wcaker Ihnn the right. 34 Occasionally she has some problems with tine hond activitics. Shc docs not drop objecls. 36 At onc point, on thc tirsl occl1.<;ion since the operation, shc worked 0 hand operoled lawJ1mower 38 inslead ofa riding mower. As a malleI' offact this was last week. She was only going to do a small flat scction, and in 15 minutes there werc shooting pains, but not the sharp type, which 40 sprcad from thc 'eft hand up through the forearm into the ncck. ] Thcma It Cuve 5 -) ').1)9 2 In hcr daily ucllvltics, for cXllmpl~ holdlnll a hulr dl)W, clluselnumllllcn In the lei! ICIII'"ll1r luell ulld 1'II11111cross Ihe shuulder girdle. 4 Gelllllg obJec15 olrthe upper clolhinll roek 111 her clo~el,lf~he /leeLII 10 ~eel' either hlllld "I' Ibr II l\hile,ls pllinful, 6 COll1binll her hair Is IIIr1ghl. 8 She Is qulle positive lllllt her neck/shoulder glrdlc urca 1',11/15 hlll'e /101 ocenlllodlllc,lut1111 by this surgery. 10 FollowlnK Is a rel'lew of 'he record coplelwhlch I bludled, 12 First. WIIS Ihe Iran5crlnt of Ihls ""lv's deno~II"H1 which \\'111 hehl on Oclllhrr HIlt. 1998~ 14 This I'ertlll/led to the 9/94 occldc/ll. 16 Pnge 9, prior 10 Ihllt MV A, she e/lJo)'cd bowlI/ll!, I'ollc)bnll, lIerllbicl IInd sIght sedlll!. (TodIlY, she laid me thllt \he ulso uscdlo plllY soObull,) 18 She liked to tllke day trips, belonged to II heulth club, IInd ,1I,llIerubks. 20 She storIed to work for PA Blue Shield In 1975, btoppedlnl979,und uner 5 )'Cllrl Wll5 bllck 111 1985, nnd hos continued in thlll cop"clty since. 22 She wos In the finllnclaVaccoun15 receil'lIble Deportment since mid 1993. She wos 0 "Financial Correspondent" (pllge 13). 24 Pllge 22+". there were quesllons about hcadllches. 26 She didn't hUl'e one on this day, they did nol COIl1C el'er)'dIlY, probubly 2 10 3 limes It week, They were present before the IIccldenl, butll10re frequenl since. 28 Prior 10 the IIccldenl headaches were usually across the forehclld, but since, they ClIll1ell'OIl\ her neck into the back of her head. She took Advillls needed. 30 Page 24, Ihere were some commenls about a 1987 minor Incident whcn bhe Will slruck from behInd In 0 parking lot. She hlld some nches for 1\ couple of weeks. 32 Page 27, she did hal'e PT In August ond September of 1992, for her low bllek. Pogc 30, there wns some low bock pllln liner pulling wceds, which IlIsled 4 to 6 weeks. 34 She wos treated with Rltlllin for ADD, IInd wn.~ stilltllking (he medlcullon, 36 Pagc 32." shc apparently hod 0 sprain of her lef\ wrist In early 199,1, Pagc 40+, on the day of the occident, she went to see her nll11ily ph)'slcluns ocelluse of neck and 38 back pain nnd left 1l10re Ihlln right shoulder IIchinl~. 40 Page 46+, the second MV A occurrcd on 11-26.95. Shllwcnl to Ihll Doctor more Ibr her rlghl neek and shoulder. Thll kft shoulder pull, Icltworbe liner Ihllt lIechlen.. ., Thercsa R, CUl'e 5.19.99 2 Online 17 she ogrecd that hcr ncck IUld Ihe left side oChcr back were InJured again In 1995. Page 48, she was refcrred to Dr. LUlness because of 1'0 In In her neck, shoulders, hcr bock and the 4 left ann. "II was all acro~s lhc top of m)' shoulders, !en unn, down the middle of my bock". She said It wus on both sides oCher ncck. 6 Page 50, some mcdical provider(s) did tell hcr thatlhe C5.6 disc herniation (lfNP) wos due to Ihe cor accldenl. All ofthcmlold hcr that. 8 Dr. Lutncss told her lhal, but she \\1I.'5n't sure ifhe rclated it to one or both oCher MV A's. She tirst sow Dr. Leidy for ncck, kft shoulder and bock (when she mcntions back she meons 10 uppcr bock between the shoulder blades). After the second accident she wenl for the right Pl\rt oChcr neck and shouldcr. 12 Page 51, when the Doctors talkcd aboUI the IINP, thcy wcre not relating It to 0 combination of both accldcnts. 14 Page 51... since the cervical surgery in NOl'emocr 1996, she was still sore across lhe top oCher shoulder and into the ncck, down her back into the left shoulder, und underneath the left shoulder 16 blade. \Vas it OCIl,:r lhan bcfore surgery? Yes. She could rcsume some activities required at work since the SUTllf'/Y. IlolI'cl'er she was not ablc 10 do repctitil'e movcment of her head or lift over 18 20 pounds. ICher head is tlexed for a long til11e this bothcrs her ncck. She could do her Job wilh dilliculty. 20 Page 53, at home cooking ruld lawldr)' was sharcd by various frunily memocrs. 22 She did laundry. She did not carry laundry baskcls to the taUJ1dry machinc, but did take things frOl11lhe washer to lhe dl)'er, and hung some of lhe wash onlhe line after hcr husbond t)'PicaUy 24 took the basket out ruld helped hcr with thc hrulging. Sometimes she and also others took thc wash olflhe line. She did drive the tractor lawn mower. 26 Therc were 2 acres. She hclp~d out "whencl'er". She hadn't been gardening over the lasl 3 years, ruld no bowling or 1'01leybaU ond no significant 28 acrobics ol'er thc last 2 years. She did doggy paddle in her 0111\ pool, a Httlc. She ond her husbond maintained the poo~ ond did 30 part of the required periodic clenning. She did not TUn thc I'acuwn cleaner at home, sometimes did grocery shopping, and did travel outside of central PA, having just returned from Florida in on 32 automobile. Page 58, in thc Spring of 1995, by automobile she did go 10 Florida for 12 days, There were some 34 day trips. 36 Thc sceond deposition took plnee on 3-29-99, and [ rel'lewed Ihat transcript. 38 Pagc 8+... shc was asked whal parts ofhcr body were injured in thc 8-95 accident. Her neck morc on the right side, [IJ1d lhe right arm was sorc. 40 Thcn iltral'clcd more Into lhc middle of her bock betwecn thc shouldcr blades. Shc had no morc Iroublc with lhe righl ann attributablc to Ihat MV A. 5 Therc~a It Cal'e !i.19.~!l 2 ller whole r1ghl linn did IIche frol1llhe accidcnt, lrol\llhe ncck owr the hhulIlllcr, n/llllhnllllslcll for 11I0nths. 4 Prior 10 Ihe neck surgcry, II WIISI1'1 so milch lhllllhc rlghlllrm \\'us surc, hllllhnllhc IIngcIllp5 wld her hands would go numb IIlmllbtto Ihe thumb, They both Iwnl nlllllb, hilI I he: duhl hlln<l 6 wenlnumb 10 lhe thul1Ib, At the lime oflhe deposition bile ballllllill hcr ncck problcm 11'115 1111 II WilY lIe!U!I, nll<l eI'Cnlhollgh 8 Ihe rluhl side lias morc, Ihc left bide was bllllwry sorc. The paIn II'OS spread dOll'nllllo lhe!eft shollldcr blndc. "II 11111 II 1111 Ie 1I'l/SC IIl1cr 1111: second 10 accident." She esplalned that in the 1994 MV A she hUl1 hcr lell shuuhkr IInd her IIhule neck nnd It 12 gradually sellkd down into lhe kll shoulder und 11Im, un,lthc !ell si,lc or lwr ncck <lolI'nlnlo Ihe middle of her back. 14 Page 15." the surgcry took lhe numbness UII'IIY frulIllxllh llilll,ls. 16 "I slill am in 0 lot of pain," This included (hc sldcs of her IIl'ck duw,1 hn slllllll,!ers II'hh Ihe!ell usually being worse. 18 The headache II'cnt fromlhe shouldcrs UJlIO thc bllek uf hcr hellll, ulld It 11'115 1I!lIul/)'II'Urse on the Jeft side. 20 Her neek pain was prcsent cI'Cryday. Page 17+". OCllI'CCn 9-94 ond 8-95 she lI'as nul gelllnu bellcr. "Il,) )'llU hlll'e IIlnlllmessln cllhcr 22 of)'our hands since the surgcry'/" No. Pagc 28". shc took Advil for hcr pain. Occasionally she neeole,liltwl) ur thrcc limes II duy. 24 Page 3 I, the Impact which occurred III 9.94, II'US 1110r\: severe IIHlnlhe illlPIlc(U!IIl.95, She wenl grocery shopping, cOllld lift light things, bUI oller surBery she di,I,,'1 go lit all. 26 Little by little she has ocen doing more. She clln't carry l110re IIHln 111"1 hllllS 1I111111l1e. It hurts 10 sil on thc traclor and mow thc grass, IIhcn she hilS hllllllk hllck. S'I she trlcs lu do 28 only straight sections. She can't vacuul1l or dolloors, shc didn't scrub IlIbs llr showers becausc being on hcr hands and knees or using the hands to suppllrl her, <:llIl1i,:d II lilt ofpuln up Into thc 30 neck nnd the head nnd the mid back IIlld shoulder. She was 110t allowed 10 lift O\W 25 pounds bUI dllUblS she coulLl e\'C1I do Ihlll, 32 She 1051 saw her surgeollllbout 18 months hclilre. 34 Page 33... shc could drivc for 110 more thllll 2 hours becnuse hcr lIeck 1111<1 shoulder top would hurt. 36 Prolonged silling bothered her. She does hetter 1\i1h support when sllllng. Whenlhcy went to Floridlllll Sellkl11hcr 199M, Mr. ('live <lrove l11os1 of the WilY. 38 Page 35." she e.ll1 do l110st of her Job bUI Cllllllot <10 Ihe IilHllg. 40 (When I look the hblOlY <llre':lly Irol11 her, she sul<ltlllll she couldn'tlill cartolls of records which arll piled lip in Jllyers so thllllhe Inp WII.~ Illillle 1I1~1\'C eYlllcvel. Also lor ljUllllly control shc Ii Thcr~sa It CUle 5.19.99 2 1993... 4 9.20, consultallonlclIcr from rheun\:ltologistlt O. Sanford, who fcll that shc dId hnl'c perlphernl neuropathy and curly merulgia pareslh~tka oflhe right thigh. 6 Shc complaincd of dcallncss from her lingcrs slncc the Wlntcr of 1991. Therc was some numbness!sllOhcss ofnnlntermlllcllt nature. S As for as I COIl teUit was during that)'cor lhutlhe ADD clime Inlo consldcrullon, lOAn 8.19 leller from Dr. Sl.Ingillo lIlentioned the numbness In her hOllds during the post )'eor, starting to woke her up n few times ulnlghl, lIith dccreoscd feeling in aU 1 0 tingers, right more 12 Ihanleft, apporently not In Ihc hOllds per sc. Fingers chOllged colors. Mrs. Cove wos referred to Dr. Sonford, OIld also to neurologist C. S. YOJlofsky, who concluded thul she hod mcralgla 14 poresthetlca. 16 1994... 18 On 9-16, [ sow the first nole in the chart when she I'isited B fiuniJy physlclon aftcr thc motor I'ehiclc occident eorHer thai day. She wos seen recurrently, with the principal complaints of neck 10 ond Icft shoulder and some ann S)11lplOmS, os shc discussed in her transcripts. Further fOllUly practitioner (F. P.) notcs for eXOJl1ple on 12.23 stoic that there was no numbncss or weakness of 22 her orms. 24 1995... 26 In Jonuary she saw Dr. DeMuth, but as wc already know shc then requeslcd another opinJon from Dr. Lillon, who diagnosed a bursitis oflhe left shoulder frollltraumll, ond inJccled her Ihat monlh. 28 1.30, she saw her Doctor for a three day headachc and diulness \lith ony type of head mOl'ement. 30 1-31, aCT SCOJl oflhe hcad was nonnlll. 32 2.8, with persislcnt dizzincss it was decided 10 refcr her to Dr. N. Woldorf, on ololaryngologist. He wasn't surc ofthc exact diagnosis ond felt she would Impro':? ol'er Ihc next fcw weeks to few 34 monlhs. When seen two wecks lalcr, he suggesled no specific therapy and that she should wait it out until 36 Junc, and 10 sec him ifnccessary. She was examincd once again by Dr. Yanofsky in late February, who fell thai she had 0 probable benign positional vertigo. 38 With hcr troublcs continuing to the end of Morch, shc requested 10 sce nnother specialist, and was senllo Dr. B. 1 r. Cohn, in mid April. lIe tricd 10 be reassuring and thought shc probably had a 40 viral infection In the inncr car. II Thcrcsa R. Cal'c 5.19.99 2 Dil.1.lness persisted ulllillale Aprilllnd lhere WaS nausca and hcadoche, On 4.21.95, her ph)'sldanmcntloncd 0 possible sensill\'lty reaction to a slcrold InJection donc for 4 0 painfulshould~r. 6 After a second [nJectlonln the left shoulder by Dr. Lilton, once agnin shc hod 0 nosty hendache, occwne dll.7.Y and sick to hcr stomach Wilh some numbncss on the left focc wld cor. 8 Mcwlwhile, Dr, Litton hod suggested a possible operation for thc left shouldcr. 10 An acoustic neuroma wos considercd. MRI studics oflhe brain ond internal audilor)' canals werc done and they were normal. 12 On May 10th, Dr. Cohn \ITote that il wns suggcstlvc, that she had some fluid rclentlon from thc 14 steroid InJections, which could odl'ersely oll"cctl1uid accumulation in the inner cor and then causc the dizziness. 16 8.30, her family physician examulcd her following thc second MV A four da)'s before. Her 18 di7.1.iness was exacerbated. She had nn acutc righl neck strain with pain radiating into the right shoulder girdle and some s)mptoms [n the right fingers. 20 11.29, shoulder girdle pains, n, ck and Irapezlus section pains, left shoulder ond orm pains were 22 present. 24 12-6, MR scan of the left shoulder which showed some tendon dcgcneration and/or uillammation of the supra spinalus. There was no rotator cufflear. 26 12.13, examination by Dr. M. Lutness, a physiatrisl, on referrnl from Dr. SWlgillo. He diagnosed 28 difficulty v.ith the left bicipital tendon wld did not feci she had a cervical radlculopalhy. 30 1996... 32 She continued with significant complaints, wld on 5.7 on MR scan wos done which showed B moderately advanced disc hcrniation (HNP) at C5.6 with some impingemcnt on the spinal canal 34 and Ihe neural foranUna. 36 Meanwhile she was having some difficulties with increased pain when doing her office Job. 38 l3ecause of continuing difficulties Dr. Sangillo referred hcr 10 ncurosurgeon Rogcr Ostdahl, who examined her on Septcmber 6th. ') Theresa R. Cave 5-19.99 2 I Ie suggcsled thaI a ~urgkal appronch \l'lIll IIn option, 1Il1d she WlIll going 10 consider lhllt. Shll 11'115 then admitted to the lIoly Spirlll lospltlll on Novemocr 181h, \l'llh lhe 5urllkal procedure 4 done lhot some day. This WlIll on onlerlor ccrvlcal dlsceclomy III C5.6 with 0 fusion using bone from her Icft lUllerlor 6 iliac crest. 8 Unfortunately she hod to be re-admllled 10 lhe hospital on 12-2 \l'lth severe chesl pain of on acule nature, and a maJor consideration was a possible pulmonary embolus, \l'hlch \l'as ruled out. 10 t1f)'ocordlal tnforcllon was also ruled out whllc some sludge was found in thc gaU bladdcr. 12 1997... 14 The content of these rcports supports her statemcnts to mc IIlld at her depositions. 16 On Septcmber 5lh, Dr. Ostdahlmenlloned that shc had ocen doing rather \l'ell over aU, but sel'eral weeks before, the act"ity in her Job changed, and shc hod Incrcased pains. 18 This rcferred to repetitive llexing and eXlendlng ofhcr neck 10 read some I'cry fUle print, and then look at other secllons. 20 In Novcmber she was bock to see Dr. Lutncss. 22 On 12-3, hc \WOle lhal her left 01'111 and shoulder were not as painful since the operation, whilc there was st ill neck sorcness. 24 She complained of some numbness In the lell scapular area. He said that this lady",.. tirsl noticed lhc left shoulder pain a few months ago, whcn she wos 26 trying on a dress. jusllil1ed overhead with both arms fully extended; there \l'OS such sharp pain thai she thoughl some sort of insect had bitten her. She still gets such pain on occasion". He 28 discussed her work problel11s. On examination he reported some distinct hypesthesia to pinprick overlying and along the left scapula. He said thai impairment for 0 pain sensalion was due 10 30 somc periphcral nerve damage. She also had sOl11e generalized lll)'ofo.\cial pain. 32 1998... 34 Most ofthc records avallablc to me, from March 27th up through AuguSI 12th, were phone calls, 36 with an ofiicc visit. They pertained to allergies, some skin infection, rectal bleeding and prescripllons for Ritalin, os well as for some physicallherapy ill January. 38 1 also reviewcd records from chiropractor G. J. Leidy, whif.h slarted on August 28th, 1995. 40 (Today, Mrs. Cave was positive that his treatments hod started prior to llle August aulomobile accidcnt.) I Ie hod diagnosed 0 cervical sprain/strain, cervical subluxation and a cervical brachial 10 rh~rc~lIlt rlll'lI 5-19-99 2 D. rh~rll Was ~omll pmlslcnl problem whh dll1.lnc~s, probably II bcnllln poshlonlllverllgo, (Accordlna III Dr. Cohn, lhls may have becn relulcd lolhc stcrold InJections Into Ihe Icll .. shouldcr,) 6 All of the Ilbol'lI wcrc due lolhc 9-16-9.lmlllor \'Chidc accldcnt. 8 Allcr n sccond I'chkular Incident on 8..30-95, she 11IId problems. 10 E. Thc dll-l.lness was worsc. F. An acule rlllhl sided neck slrnlnwhh right arm and hand fealures, WaS prescnt. 12 G. An MR SCllIl In Deccmocr 1095, showed no Icft ~houlder rotator cuO-leor, but some tcndon dCllcncrallon/inllal11malion wos prcscnt. 14 16 H. An MRI Oflhc neck on 5-7-96 Jemonslrated a hcrniolcd nucleus pulposls (HNP) at CS-6. r. Shills slatus pOSI anlerlor ccrvlclll Jlsccclomy III C5-6 whh 0 fusion procedurc, done on 18 11-19-96. 20 Mrs. COI'C lold me that after Scptember 1994, und prior 10 Augusl 1995, she began 10 have tingling inthc fingcrtlps of each hand (pagc 2, Iinc 24). 22 On the other hand, on 9-20-93, Dr. Sanford made 0 notc ond slaled that she had complainls of 24 dcadncss of her fingers sincllthe Wlnlcr of 1991. Allhc Ilmc of thai visit therc wos some numbness and stiffuess ofan Inlennltlcnt nature. (Page 8, 26 paragroph I.) 28 On 8. J 9-93, Dr. Sangillo slaled that there was numbness in the hands over the lost )'ear, which wos slarting to wake her al night 0 few limes. There was dccrcased feeling In 01110 fingers, right 30 more thon left. (page 8, pora8raph 2.) 32 Mrs. Cove said thaI since the surgery the tinger parcsthesias were relievcd, butthcy startcd to rclurn late In 1998. (Page 3, paragraph 3.) 34 She is concerned about how bod this might occome In the fUlurc. 36 This lady said thai numbness and tingling ovcrlying the Icft seapllla eonllllenceJ whcn pUlling on a drcss overhead, and itncvcr weill away. (Pagc 3, poragrnph I.) 38 I folding II hair dryer would bring onthc numbness atlhe letl scapula. (Page 4, paragraph I.) On 12-3-97, Dr. Lutncss slated thai her left shoulder pain, hypcsthesio and numbncss, developed 40 II fcw months prior to lhot datc, when shc was Irylng on a drcss. (Page 10, line 24-30.) 14 Thcrc~A It Cu\'u 5-19.1)9 2 Thus It Is evldcnllhlltthc IWCSlhcslils III 1111 oChcr dl~lts liS wcllns lhe tln"lIll~ Ilnd numbness owrl)'ln~ Ihu Jcll mlpulallrc nol COllllcdcd wl\h elthur vehicular Incldcnt. 4 Mrs. CaVil SlIld lit h~r 8.8-98 dCI"J~l\lon (p"lJe '\, line .\0), thlltllflcr thu sccond motor vehicle 6 Incidcnt, Ihe Ictlshoulder 1'"ln WllS wor~e tlHln ocliJrc, but she ~IIW thu Doctor morc for her r1Uht ncck IInd ~houlder. 8 She agreed thutthe ncck IInd the 1.:11 sldc ofhcr back were InJurcd once more In 1995. She wcnt to see Dr, l.ulncss occuuse of pain In Ihe neck, the shoulders (plum I), her bock and left 10 linn. The pain lI'as 1111 IIcross thc top of her shouldcrs, the left ann, and down the middle of her bock (meanlnl! octll'cen her shoulder bllldes), and Oil both sides of her neck. (Page S,IIJ1cS 2 and 12 3.) 14 Aller the sccond motor vehiclc IIccldenl, tlwlnJurlcs wcre to her ncck, more on thc rll!ht, with soreness of the r1ghl ann. 16 Then thc polntro\'ekd to the Inlerscllpular arCII. (PlIgc 5, bollom,) The wholc rlghl IIrm did IIchc IIlong whh lhe ncck down ol'er the shoulder, butthutl05led for 18 mOlllhs, and shc 110 longer had troubk otlhe time of her deposiliollln October 1998. (Page 6, Jines 2-5.) 20 This lady said funher lhat shc was slillin r"ln, This Included the sides of her ncck down 10 her 22 shoulders, whh lhe left usually worsc lhan the rlglll. Headaches spread from the shouldcrs to the bock of her head and were usually worse on thc Icft (page 6, Jines 16-19). Shc said that the 24 impact in the accident of 1994 was more sel'erc than in 1995. (Page 6, line 24.) 26 [ hove been osked to try to dlfterentlate the cffeels of the Indilidual accidents. 28 Flrsl, [ would offer \hat Mrs. Cal'e docs not hove marked residuals from chher accidenl, although she is obviously a person II'ho Is stalus post cervical surgery. 30 What [ mean to soy herc, is that she has no signtJicont clinical or obJccllve rcslduals, although she has complaints. 32 Mrs. Cal'e sold the Initial accidenl WllS more sCl'ere than the second. 34 She docs state howcver thaI hcr left shouldcr pain wos worse after the 1995 accident, and thatlhe 36 neck and lell side ofhcr bock were InJured then. She had trouble with bolh shoulders, and both sides of her ncck. 38 Ahhough she had inJuries 10 hcr ncck more 011 the right, there WIIS left sided neck pain. ........................,...,......................"...".,......"...'...."........'............"............. 40 [om completing this report on 7- 7.99. 15