Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-05107 " \ I " ., , ~ "f '~ ~I ~II I I ,1 1 Ii' li ", i" I' " H, " " "" OJ,:, " '11 >- ,I' j', !' " " l' " I' " " " " I, \.' V ::::::. , " I' , " ,. 'i,. " .' ,. , , " I , " lI. , 'f " " " ~ 8 - j, .,j, I, ,: I' ,c" '" " ," ,'.;. I' " 'Ii 'I. Ii pi ~" :1 . t .-",/ I' " II, (' , , , il , ;" .-; " " " " .it " " I, " " " " '\ " f'" H' " " ( j", r' , , ;-... ,~ ~ t-.. ~ 10, t.\. ~ " H )', ,. " ,; Ii " Ii I' 'I' ,il , II 2, Wnrl\ll;1 PmjmIl9p.\ l=vlln If 1I1IH l-!Plwrnlllo 00111'1 WPI'l:) 10 flncl. Il1nl llllOll ovid on on wpm rnlovQIl\,11 . would utili [nil 1110 1'(i,I~,I=, 1\0:\ IlflluncJlnlJ ICJI1I, (111 (lny ovlclollOcl Introcliloe~1 PI' ollol\e~' IlY l'lnlnllll rCl\Hmllllll Il1ls ISlllln WP\llrlllO 1Illrh.lly prpjilcllolnl 10,Po[onclF.lnl, 1'"01' !lIp pmpprlml ovlrlolloo, Plnlnllf[s aDDle lp Inlmrllloo, to IlfJ rolpv\1nl 10 PI', , , . . , , " Tl1llJnlllt'll Iplllln1lJny, It WOlllcl IHIVcl to mnl((1 "tl1o oxllllBnoo, o[ nny [,lot II1(lt III o[ oql1Boq\IPnOO to t110 c1otormll1nllon o[ 1118 (lollon 1l10roprollf1llloor leas prOIl(lble tllf,1n II WPlIlrlllO WltlloLlt 1110 evlrhll1oo", Pn.rU:, 401, r=vCln tlSSlImlno nrglla/Jdo, II III relf3w\I1I, slIoll avlcI()no(~ WOlllrll1uvo to be Inlrocllloarl tl1rOllgl1 PI', 1'l1lbmii\ or \l1l'ollgl1 fI oollf1leml " sOli roo, 1'1"311 It Wolllcl neoaBsmllY [oll~w fr/Jm Plulnllff's qllellllonll tl1Qt PI', Tl1lbmllt'a worlr In this onee III [or F.l11 InBllrunoaool11puny, not tl1opofel1(h~nl:' Yel, PI', Tl1lbf11111 WOlllt1 110 tostlfylno on !Jo[enrlunl'a bel1L1lf. +lol1oe" tl10 jllry WOlllrl ef1slIy mulre tile ,. .Ioglonl OOnOlllslon nnrl rooognl7.o Il1ut tile Defendanl IB Inallrerj, TilliS, fillY "probflllva " vnlue la 0\ltwel~1118(1 by t11ednn~Jor o[ LlnfF.llr proJLldloe," Pn,R,I:, 403, III Bllpport o[ tills logl0L11 nrgLll11ont, Olll' superior COllrt IlflS holclthQt II(o]vlclol1o0 whlall Infol'lllB tho JlIry ,tl1nt f1 do[ondnnt WOillcl iJo Inrlolllnl[lecl ugf1lnBt Ilublllty III Impropor, nnd, If projudlolul, W<1I'tfllltll f1 llowtrlElI." /3onnvltnoo/1l v. O/tlVel', 019 A,2d . '13G3, 'I ~\70 (P8,SLlpor, 1903). , ., . Mol'oovor,lt IB firmly oBtallllshod thut ovldonoo of InBlll'f,1I1oo .novnrngo III ordinArily Inl1dmlsslblo Blnoe oxporlonoo losllons thElt tl10 oxlstenoo of oovorngo so freqllontly c1lstrnots tho jllry [rom tho' ossentlEll18Sllos wI11011lt IB to rOBolvo In u dotEloI10d munl1or--ol1c1, of , nOlIt'llo, tl10 prlnollml 18 appllonblo whotllor the testimony OOnoernB IIniJllIly oovorngo of dofoncll'1ntll, or collatoral bl3l10f1tll covorngo of plnlntlffB, NOIIO/'YV, Sllnrl/e, G01 A,2c1439, 444-46 (pn,SLljlor, '1006) (clt(lt1onB OIi1ll1od), " 6 ," ""HI M",I,Iq~ lilli' ,'OliN MII<I"~H, I IN 'I'II1'~ COIlJfI' (W COMMON nl~Ml I CI'~lIIlq~I!,\NIl C:U1IN'I'V,I'I';NNHYl.Vi\NI,\ I I CIVil. MTION, I.,\W I I NO, IJH,~ 1117 I I ,II 'In' 'I'IHM, UI':~""NIlI;:n I'hlllltlfl\i \', IHlllIqn Il, HI mll:V"~, ,mIl IMl'lllllllll J!1IUNIUUflrM!n(~JIDAI\UNE ,\NIl NO\V,.eIlUW Iho i'llIlulI I'/\i, Lllrl t\'IIIIOl'1ll1d ,llllm MilloI', h>' Iilld Ihrough 11\011' 1\1I01'I\O)'H, "^NIlI,lm, "'~NNIN(I ~~ H()SI'~NIII~HiI. h>' SI\lplwu <I, Ilold,I1HHlllro, 1II\\ll11llliIIH Iho wlihll1 'Mollouln 1.1l11lno l'olllloHllllfj IhlH Ilonol'llhlo COliI'I rOHII'lelllll)' rOIUI'OI1ClI Ill, Illlurouoo 10, 10HIIIIHIIl>' ol~ or IlIlrodllOII\lulnlll ovldollco Ill' phOI\!l1l'11phH of' i'11I11l111'l\i' I'ohlclu Ihlll dopk'II'IIIIIIIII'/\i' I'uhlelo , , 11011111110 Hllllo II WIIH 11I11111110dllllull'lll\or Ihu oolllHllllllhlll IHlho HllhluullllllllcI' nl'lhlH IIIWHllh 'hili . . -, '\, ,.' - , 1'lIlhul' hllw Ii lIppollrod lI1\ur HIlIIHJ h\ld>' 1I'0rli Willi pUl'lhruwd onlhu whklo, III Hllpplll'l 01' HIII(I Molllln.lho 1'IIIInIIITIII'UI'H IIHlilllowH; I, Oil 01' IIhl1ll\ Soplul11hor I D, I (Jill\, 1IIIIpproxilnlllul>' .If]D P,I11" 1'11I11l\ln~ Lori MIlicI' II'IIH opol'lIl1ng II llJHH ('hol'>' Ilul'UlI1I (1II'IIIIlIlIi'I\i' vehlolo") IIl1d WIIH II'II\',yllng 011 LowIHhurl'>' I{oml III Null' Cllll1horllllld. CIIlllhul'llIlld COllllly, i'oIlIlH>'II'IIIlIIl, 2, Wholll'llIlllll/'I'Hlllppud hOI: vehicle IOllllllie II leI) Ilil'lllulo hor drlvewlI>', 1111110 ClOD hloek oI'LowIHhol'l'>' I{Olld, iloluudlllll, 1{(lhel'l Shrove, .II'" Hllddolll>', lIud wllhonl 1I'11I'1l11l!l, Ihllod hI Hlop IIl1d HIlllCli Iho 1'0111' 01' I'llIilllIl'l\i'vohlelo, I), 1\ pl\ll\lIIl!'lIph 11I\lIIIIW \'Ul'il1~1\ ~1\lwl' h~' Ilw 1~1I11111\l11~' III' Ilw PPI'IIIlI1 wl\l111l111; II Ill' 11~ 1IIlIIIIWl' pUl'lIlll1l1'lIh 11\ll'Iklu\l1 lil\IIwk1lllw Illllllllu Ihlllll Ihll'l~' 11111\ IIV~\ll'Illul~' I'llpl'UIIUl\ll1 Ihu \lhlu~1 " Ill' pllIP~ I'PPI'IlI\\lcpd II~ II I)XIIlI~1I IIllh~ Ill\w III'\!W IIc~llIlllIl, HI' Il'lIwl'u 11111 dll'lul'PllCC Ill' CIIIII1UIl. Ihu dll'lul'ol1CO Ill' \\llIIl1lwllIlIlW\\1 111'11111)' pllll1l\11I 11\11111\1\ 1III'0l\lllly cllPIlI1II) III' Iwll1l\ L1i1l111'i)' \ I1ll\p I'll '(lI 1\1 ,11111\ Ilppl'UOllllull l1y 111\1.1111')', 1!lIHlilllklL\'.LII'lIHlIlliH_ll.LI.,~lIlhlLJl!1ll11hLl\LlII\u'\1l\1liliILL\rul1ll!J1J1ll.!r Utlhll.Hu11Illli.1lLLlliUY1)'JilllLl:lhdllll. 11);i 1\,2t12llH (I'll, llIfl} li bl):l!,u.,JyluIUlI.y.. II I) 1\,211 5}0. 5};! (I'll, 11)5(11l :t:lly.1Ul:XJ\'I1l\h.llllLIJ1l11\\I)~II. H7 1\ ,211 11)5 (I'll, 11),'\2); UliUlllnll!!U'...Lullllllblll '1'llll'l1tih!U. '41.1\, (11 7 (PII, 1 I{I)H), " 10, Phll\!llll'lIpl1H lll'll pl'opol'l~' L'xol,l\lIud whol'o Iho~' 110110' Hlll'ly 111111 lIuc\II'nllll~' 1'0pl'oliol\l Iho ohluol 01' Ilw phluu ol'lIw 1I1.1\1I'~' 111111 OXIIlI\'1I 1I111w,IIIlIO ol'lhu lIuclllul1l, Iillhl!JL\'..J.J1llll1I1l,2(10 (\,211 ,Ifl} (PII, 1(70), II, III bI)'Jill,lii\1.t'l]m:, II\IPI'II, '('hlul' ,I\lilllel' 11011 1101 lill'lh Ihu ~I'IIUI'III l1y which Iho Ii I' , I\(h11II1I1II1II1I)'ol'lI phololll'lIph IIhowll1lJ c11l\l11l101111 tllI'I~I'OIlII'I'OI1\ Ihollu pl'ul'lIll1l1g 1IIIhu IlInu ul'lIw I u\'OllIl,,' q\lllllllol1'I1HIIII ho.llldgod, ^11~' dlllllgu 11\11111 hu: I) IIliooll1unll~' poll1lod olll, IIl1d 2) unpnhlll ql'hllll\b\ ululIl'I~'.lIIHllll'lIlood IIl1d IIPpl'OUllllud h~' Ihu,\\II')', Y1l11ll!-Y.~l\1!11J. 25'.I/\,~\1 () I H (I'll, I %(j), .12. Tho 01\1~' pl'lIOllolll1lu I'lIlu 1I'01lldllUUI1i lolw Ihllllhu ullIllll\UII (hutwu\'l1lhu uOlldltlol1 1111 II llxlHled III qlU Ilmu Ill' Ihu lIedduI1111l1d Ihu u0l1dlll01l1111 II nppulIl'lI 11111 phologl'lIph 01' 011101' I'Upl'llIllICIIOl1) IllIlII\ 110t hu IIl1ch nil 10 dUlltl'oy thu IIllhll(nlltllllldul1ll1~', nl1d 1I1l11Ihu0hl1l1b\uII,whlllu\'U1' ,Ihu~' III'U. 1111111t hu CII1'Ullllly poll1led (1111 nl1d hl'ollghl hllhe .ImY'1i lI\luI111011, Hl!llnllllu\l_~ Collill1hln , , Ilill11lil1l1l..41 ^, fl 17 (PII, I H()H), I. .. ~ I' " .-" " 'j. ;.I.li " " H '\, " " . " Ii I"" " i" " " " " I' ," ,I tP /, ~~ . \'1 .,:1 ~. .. l: " f/' Ill' I' 11.1' , , , ' " I " r:1 J ,-,' J J-J I. .1 ;~~ '~ ;:: I -;:_t)J 'i ;,: (:I I 'I~Li ',1,1,11.1.. ';l () 01' I-i ';, ;',f ,. .,i' r, . ~:.l " ".;,' ,..j I, I ~:' i [,\, .0-1 " " CJ .. " " ", , " '., ,. " Ii " ,," " " " :.'" " '" !' " " " ii " ': " " " " , " " il " " I, ",-, :'1' <I, ;) , ,'; , " , ;,.. \') '\ I ' .~ \, 'I, !, ' , I ~ -II", ",.ltf,!. ,', :~' ,"~!1.."f.il 2 i', 'I ,'') H. \.'11~' k" : 11~''''1'1 'r"'~ ~~i;i';.l /' " II FROM . " " " A'll'ENTIONI ~ 11 H IIi\NUU!ltllltNNINO a nOSllNlllmo I' () nox 1177 IIi\IUUSnUI\O I'^ 171 08 'f' 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111\1" .. , " -'.~''''H'i/P , '\; IJ,' ;'., '~:' ~,' -, i ~', 'ir'~.. "t;, ,: , I' }.t.'. ';.r. , ,''I f , I ~If _' \ n...i' t'",,, I -:'~,1 \}", " ,t" , , '\4~' ,.,," '11),.\ , - ., ~~i,'. .,1,"" .,.'( ,,' . '1~\ 1 ,01, '1~ " ,/,,['_i,V: .,. J" I" ;/,,/1 , ,1-') , , , . 1\,/ (;1Jl',/1 , 'tt , . ;"f)'\.1' ( " 1\, I"~"~ IC^~, ' \' ~ I, _I; '_\', '-\ " ,. 'I ~'. ' ,! .\' ,f"1/.. .. '\' t~fJ.:,:\';. ,.>, )~,,.., \~', " '(', i ;'~ "j' " ,~\ ' "-t ,-;/ ! , 'oj. \ , 0,1'1., 0',\ " ", " '" I' I' " " llI! ..... , o . ~o I , , I'i " I \ I I \ \ \ \ I' I I, ,. \ I \ ",j\!' 1 " \ " 'i 'j " " "" \ I I I i i \ I7Ii> .. -' lJ:J DJ :s ....D 1-\ ~ -'c '~ ;; ~~ DJ ~: ;; C ~ ~'. ~ ,I>>b 1:1 I:: .~ "'1' , " I " " ,I;, " i " '1"'\'11 \ I ' '. \ ~ ; ~ ' " I;, , ,,' I If, .,~; J I \ "II I.J"I'~'" " , " I . ~'; \ . ,t "l" P :. f),' ',~ (.. oU'4 . I' l l~ ~\ , ':\~;;~I,!, Ii \\1, , , " l f"i~ 'l1\" " , .~ ~~ \ lA' I' Ii ')\il" IU~~ i.!l po. ~ i=:l ,'\, l~~ ;, I,. " " , , I ~~l~ 'j, 1.' ~ ~"~ if :.) o rl ' " l1rl ::) " f? .'i1:z.~P:: , , " j. I' " \:11'. ~)" " ,'Poi, ''1''~ II I , ~ \ '1 _ ~ I", , );,t'.'l'r{(-' ,;'i~"" , "VlI'.f I ~""'\li", ,f '/ \ .l'~ r. _~ 1','-, " i,'\., "/~ l~: ',t '~"t' .,/,';1 ,- " .t '/ wi' I' I ( 't,,,:.' ~tl '", ;, , . ) ~\' \ ~ Ii ',\'.r':..'t;: 1:' . ',;,I;..~rf., 111"i ; I' ""', 'I ,. , ~, I.'''' J' " II "",' q I 'I iF '. 'If" j>, i i ~j,' \~,~, d '1\l,' I !.' 1,\",.,.1,. " ; 'jt " I ,~ '. ".' I i II "b-j .." r;~ I I '1'-1 l'}"~1 ",f II ,.' " ~\,,' ~'~ W' I '1,/01,\."" \",' ';(.;, h' ';'111 . " ,. ,-!<\, ',-~ ;," . . . i" ~,,', "~I ' I 11'.1 ':.'\ ,~~W I (>ir"'~i'\',!" '; "1;' . q , II t~ I "(" '"~ I "~ \ , 'lj. \ ~""I ~I, I " t.' . "" " ",i' " i. ;' to ~ '~I~ ,t:: iE I;' 8l " 2 ~ 0 h; i :I: h h U " ~ U I 'Ill () 'I; ~. d' . .' dr 1.\ "I , ,. ~ ,," '.' j ,~~' '~I . " ". H ";":.1 , 1)7, ^ wll.lwlIH who hllH IIPUIllllllillowludlll1, IIlilll, UXPUI'!"I1Ho,ll'IIlnhlll 01' ellilPlllll1nll11l Pl1I'llollllll' lI\llllIWO, pl'OI'OHIIllllI or \ll'llOPllllol1111llygl\'o hli; opll1101lllH 1111 oxpe!,\ 111110 III1Y 1l111ttol' III whhlh 1)0 III IIlillloll, In duI01'111111illU Iho wolght 10 Illl glwl1l11 hili oplllion, )'0111111011111 \lOllllillor Iho Ijlllllllil1llll01l1l1l1l1l 1'011Ilhl.lll)' llr IIHI uxpol'l.lll1d Iho I'Illliillll1l glwlllill' hili oplnh1l1, YOIIlIl'ol1l11 hl1lll1d hy 1111 owul'l '1Il1pll1lol1 I1lOl'uly hcellllllu he hi III) uXlllll'I; YI1IIIlIll)' 1I\1\lllpl 111' I'll.loel il, 1111111 Ihe Ollliu orl1\1lUl' wllllOlIlIUH, Clivu II Ihu wulullI, 11'1111)', 10 whlo!l YOII 1I0ull111 0111111011, PII, HH,II Wi v) ~,~() 'I ,- " " ,,' " " ,. " '1 ',. I' I' " 1;.1 " 'jl ,- " " .. ~ ~ - ~( lit ) J I, " ':1 ilH, 111 !Wl1cl'IIl. Ihu,oplllloll 01'1111 uxpul'lllIlli \'lIlllu ol1ly 11'11011 YOlIlIPuuplllw 1110111 \1111111 whi\lll II iH hllllull, ThlH III l!'ll\l WllUlhul' (hu 1111)(11 III'U 1I111111111ud hYJlnllWllullllY hy 11\0 uXpul'tll101110 11'11111 hili IWl'lIOl1l1lli1\\Iwludl!ll, 11'0111 11011\0 nlhul' PI'\lP~1' 1I11111'\1ll or 11'0111 IInlllu 111111111111111111,1,1 or IhoHu, PII, ~IS.ll (CI\') 5J I , " , "., I; " , " " " .' ,. (i " " , , . " 'I , , .' ,i' I, 'I " , , " hi' " " j, .,.p, ;,,1' Ii " ,I; ;',-,', !' ,j' ", " .j Ii Hi '!\ " ,,'I I' " j\ " " ,I " " , Ii " II; 2, Th~, IUI~nl IU1'111 l1uglll!l'I\llII, olhul'Willu lillIl\I'l1 1111 I'III'UIUIIIII1UIIII, III liw 1I\11101\\'u or Ill'd 1 111\1')' ulI,nl which 1\ 1'\.I1I1I\11111111~' pI'II\luI\I11\.II'H\111 \\1\111111 u:~ui'elll\.lll1l1\O UII'CIIII1I1\II'\UU.~ Iwl'u prullul1lull. Nugllfjul1\ UOIHIIICII\HlY Clll1l1ll1lullhul' 1I1'1I111\OI Ill' IIn 1I111111111\111 IIll1cl \\'1101\ Ihul'u III 1\ llll\y 1011\1 H\I, In \111\01' WllI'\IH.l1uglllWllcUIII Ihu 1\111111'0 Ip dll 1I111nulllll\tl \\'lIlul1l1 1'\.11\11111111111)' ulll'ul'llllWl'II\11l \\'\lllld (Ill. \II' 1110 doll1l! \11' IIl1nlllll1l1111 whluh 1l1'01\1I111ll\\11~' \1111'01'11111\.11'11\\1' \l'lIl1l11 11111 11\1, 1I111ghl 111'111111\0 1I111'1'\1lllllllng \lII'CII111HlllnCulI UIIIII\1111111011 I'>, Ilw uvldul1uu 1I1111ill \.IlllIU, ItlH lill' )'l,II1I\1 IIul\.II'I11ll1u h\l\\' II I'UIlHllllllhl)' ol\l'ul'Ill pul'lIl1l\ 1I'IHlld lIulll1ll1\ll1\.1 ull'\:\IIll~IIII\OUH, I'll HH.lllCI\',) R,l,() I ", ", ,'},; " 'j I." u' ,.1' ',' " '" ',.1 " ' I, " , / .3.. ( L " ,,' II, Thu PIII:HI11\1111l\ I'lllu 11l!IHH~1I1111l1l 11I1I11H[lUII IlIlhlll ~\'OI'~' 1101'11011 111111111\1)' iluprlvull or Iwl' 1'11111\11 IIh\lllllllllll1l1l1i 1l\l1\11I)' il011\1101lHIII\Illlill' Il1u 11\1111'11111 H\W HIIIIllIhll1, Thu pl'll1\lI\'~' IIIllu\loII ol'uIlI\\Pl1I1HI\\OI')' dll11\11g111l III III shill IlwlllSH 1i'011\ 111\ IIIIllWUl11 PIlI'I~' lllllllU ",hllIH lI\ !hlll!, '~/J(/I/,Ilh'I' I', I /dll/',\' NIIII' )'cl/'k-I'/((s/JI/I',IIiI M(ll(l/' ";,1'/1/'1':",1', ]I)~ 1111, 4H2 (I USI)); 1\',\'/llfHU/I', 1:/.\'('/(/, ;){)U I1H,~IIPOI', :!OO( 1\)(1(1), " /, " , " I," ' " _.1 '\ ,,' " , p'; " " " " . " " , " " " 'I " '" " " I( ( r:. I , . ( ., :, II I , " " I , " ;:, I I .12~ ! ' ".., '..... i' " \,A .I,'''S I" 12, 'TIW \I'llI'll 1I~lll1lllUIIHlllI\ll1" Iii II liU)'1I11\U 1111 II I'UllllUII III Ilw 1I11111l1[1\lH \1~uiIlIHlI "~IlIl1I1\lIlIlII\IIIII" III Ilw Il'lIu plll'I1I111U Ill' tlw III\\' III' 1\llllll\llllll 1111I11IW lWllul'l!l Pl'llllllplu 011 1110 IIIII' 1I11'II1'IIH \llIl\lIllWH IH 1I11111PUl11111111111 Ihl' Ihu 101111 1I111Tul'ul\. 1\11 Illhll'\lll pul'lIl1l1 HI\ll\1111 hu 1\111)' ~lIll1pUI1HII\ud Ihl' 1I1111\IIII'I1IH IIIIHlllilwd, ilW(ll/ll/go \',' !I'II'II/g. 44,1 I'll, 2(1~. 2M2 1\,2d 20(1 (11)71 ), " ,. " I' " ,,,'.1' , Ii I" " " " ,. (, " ,; " " " " " ", , " " " " " " " , 'I' , , " " " , " "., " " .1 ~. " (> ' " }" " " " \:1, In Ihlii ~1I11~, IlIdlull '\\11\\ Ilul1l\Ul1lul1, 11')'Il11l1mI1hlllllw 1'11\111111'1', I ,ml Mill~I',l'u~ull'Ud Inllll'loli iiiI' \\'hl~l, IIlwlll ollllllu,1 III 1'0ulll'Ul', )'1I111l\111i1 \lU IIppl'illud ol'llw '111'1\11'011\ 1)'pulI ol'dllllllllWII \\\'\llllll1lv Ill!, Ulll\lllUl1l1l\lllIlI, Ilul\ll'uIIlIIII'110111\It)'111l, .111'111 UXpllll11 ullcll Ilrlhu I~IIWII Ill' Ihll111I[jPH wl1loh III'U l'uUIl\,ul'l\\llu, 1,111'1 Mlllul' Itl ul1llllud \IIIWO\,UI' 1i,l1'1 (1\) 1111 I1I1HIIII111 1\1l11l'u Ul1lblll'l'lIHHI1Wl1ll1l1dhlllllllh\111I11l (b) 1111 pllllllll111 1'I1I11I'u 1111111 III'UI\IO)'l1lO11\ 111'111'01 I, " (u) 1111 11111111\11111\1\\lI'o 11111111111,111\11'1'01'111[\; 1I111w 01'011\ 11111\ )'0\1 !i1111 1111\\\,01' IlI'I ,111'1 Mlllul', )'11\1 \\'llIlIlId II1UIII1 H\\Illl1 III'dlll11l1[ju, 10llvl\wl' , ' 1111'\ l'u\\II'11 Yo\\\' VUl'lllulll1 II IIlnglu, 11111111 11\1\11, I'll, HH,11 (CI\',) *6,lll ,I K(/('zkoll'.I'kl \', l/o/lIhil.l'Z, <\') I I'll, 5(11, ,121 A,2d IO:!7 ( I 'lHO)i S/l!I'/hll/.I' I', " /l'1'OI/OIIl,\!/llIl/k nf.'II/IIhl'lclll\!, 1113 I'll, <\42, 1()7/\,2d 721 (l'lMll/,(/(I/1 I', ""(I{l'h, :\hll'o, :1<\0, 64 A,211 H21 (Pi4'l), It 'I' " " ,II " 0.11. ,\ " " -1'1. " 1< ' :W, Thu pll\lll\ll'l', 1 ,111'1 ~'lllIul', III ul\llIlu\1111 \1~ lilll'l)' 11l1\IH\I~\I\llll\Jb' ~llI1lIWl1l1ll\u\II\)I' PHIII, PI'~II~llllllld 1\IIlII'u 1111111 1ll'Iwl' I\bllll)' 11.1 ulIlll)' 1111)' ol'llw plUIlIIIIl'uH nl'II1\J IIH Ill'llllllllnl'hul' Inllll'luH",. PII, 1-11'1,11(('11',) ~(l,()11. "" ., I' " Ii " " " " .. " "I! ;, " , " ',', ,,' 1:' " " L :i; Ii /I , ' ,I' I'; ,,' , , " , " " L' Ii " " " "jI "" ",I " H" ,i' ,,' ,II 'j',; " Ii 'j, " " Ii. ,',I' I' , .21. " '" ( '-, .1 ,\ I' " 1'1 21, " . ^~ IIl'u~ill\ 111'1,111'1 Mlllpr'lI 111.1111'1011, hor htl~\lllllll, ,1111111 MIII~I" lilliI' 1111111 \1u 1IIlllllu\l I I ,,; hllill1llll~W~ \11111~d 11111111111 n rOll 11 Ii II I'll 11111 , Ylllllllll)' (1~lu1'l1,llIu 1IIlIl\l'I\I'\llll'lllllIWIIII')' Ihll11l1g0~ III ,lnhl1 Mlllul' lill' In~1I 1ll'lIld,lIl1l1lsllIlIuu, UIlI11I\lI'l, 1I11~lol)', llllidllllCO, 1Il1ll1uu, s\Jl'l'l~uII,llIl1l lIuXlllllruhllll111~, HtlH hili \1'11'0 \1'1111111 bo uxpuulod 11l1'~l1dul' III him \1\IIIi1r hul' 1I1.1ll1'lo~ 1I11n'o1'011, " " ;\-I//lI/I(!/' ,',111'11I/1/(11/, 2H2 JIll, Hllpul', J7, 422 1\,211 (1(1'1 (I'JHO), .' " " " " , " " " " I, h. " " " ;.,; " " ' .' " q ,'I' " ,. if, " I,!' \\ ,.i', " " ..22.. 2~, YIl\1 11'111 IlIlW \,0111'0 III ~'IIIlIiI\IOI"1111 \11'1110 u\'III~'IW\l 1'00ul\'OIIII1 IhlH Il'lnllllllgllllll'lho \'lII'lIllllllilullll'lI 111111'0 I1I'UIIOI1I~ld III ~'llll 111\11 11 PI1 1>' 1110 1(11\' IIH 1 hl\\'O IJlvullll \lllhu I\lulH (III 1\1\111\1 b~' )'1111, 11'~'1I1l111111 Ihllllhu lIulumhllllll'(lH llul\lIgo111 ~'1l\1I' \,ul'lIlI)II1\\11I1 hu Il1lill'\ll'ill'lIw p11l111111T1I1111 1I111l11111\ Ihu \lul'ul1dllll\. 11')'olll1l1l1l1l11llhu Ilol\JI1I1I1I1II\'IlH 1l11ll1ugllgul11 }'1I1l1' WI'\IIOIIHIIH\ bu 1\1l'1lulill1l1l1l1l, " 1 r)'lllll' \'Ol'dlcl 111111 lill'lIl' I1l'lhu pllll 1111 1'1', }'\1\IIHIIHllIWI\ 1I~'lul'lHh1O \l'hlll dllll1l1110 rhu plllllllllT 1\'1\11 IIIlI\ \1'111 \1u UIll\lIol\ III IIl1l'1ul' hl' I'UIIHOlll1l'lhu 1!0lul111l11l1 'II l1ugllgulluo I1l1d 1'01111'1\ 11l'Ol'lIlull\1r Iho plllll1\IITll1lhll\ III1Hl\llll, . PII HH,lI (Clv,) *:1,50, ',. " " .,.(! ;'-,'\) .....\, ",I' , " " .2~. ' \, (' ) " 'II " IIJpholllllllllll1l\1\'llnlnl' IIl1uW \I'illl wlwl'll IInhlllly W\l1I UIIIwud\Jd \11111 bolh dul~lIl1\J nl1\1 1"1l\111111'1'1I UXpOl'l1I 1\1Ilw\llhlll pllllll\II'I', who hll\ll'l'u-uxlllI1ill111IOdlul\IIi\IIII'I\JII, 1I111'1\11'\Jllllllllllwllnlllrl\J1I \1111\ I'ullllll ol'tlw l\0\JlduI11 Ii L~lL,,"-liYullll, (lllll 1\,2d ~I) I (PII,HIlPUI', 1 I)IJ'I) 11\ 1'I11'1\llllg \1'1111 CI1\II'\ '1I1l1'l1lH Ilr l\ \lull' '11'1111 oil Ihulilll\lu or 111l11H\V\JII wl1ul1 1I11lulllIU IIlld lilllllllli'l'lI uxpul'I WllllulIlIUIIIll\I'UUlllhllt plllllllil'l' IIlll'l.ul'Ulllnllll'lolI 1i'111\1 1110 lluulllulll, nl~d (111)' Ihu uXIUIlI 01' Ihu Inhll'lulI wnlll10lllullludll RI1ZIIIlU,v, llr11lln~, ClIjIj ^,711 Ci 19 (1'l\,HIIIl\lI', 11)1)5) Illoldlllll n IlUW 11'1111 Willi WllITnlllulI 111 \llIlol\lI1\1l1u l\uulllolll unllU wlwl'u IIw .1111')' 1\1l1lllllhu Ilul\mdlllll llullllgol1l, hllllhl\t Ihu l1uulllllll1\JU W\l1I \1111 \I IIl1blltllllllllll\lUll11' 111 bl'llIllllllll\llIllIl Ihu hnl'l11 whul'u 1110 Illllul1l1U oxpul'\l\dl11l\tud pl\lll\1Il'I'1I11l'1'ul'ud 1111 " H, Inllll'~ lI'ol11lhu lIu\Jld\JIHI:. llmYjuy v, Dl1llull!!.U', Ci II ^,~d J II (1'l\,:'l\IPUI', 11)1)2) 1\11*1 tl1\1l wl\Ul'\J Ilul'\'lldll111 onllllUllolI thu oxllltulWu I1rllll 11I.lIII'Y,lhu.llll')' Wl\1I 11I1WlIlTIIIllod 11l1'\Jl\11I11l1l111 bulluw 1111110 uxllltcl\Uo 111'\111 1 11.1 \ll'Y whul'u 1I1uI'o III 11111)'11 1\lIIPlllu 1111 1111110 UXtOIl\ ulldll1l1'l\1Ioll orplllhlllf'l'lIlnllll')'l: . I\lIl1ul1tl\llly, Ihu Hllpol'lol' COUl'l 1\1\1l1d Ihulll1thl1l1u UUIIUII ,whuru (hu dulUlldllll\'1I I11cdlulIl uxpurludl11lill thull\l luUllt III1I11C ol'plullllll'l.'lIln.llll'lulI\vcru \J1l1llludby Ihu l\uulllul1ll\ll11 UI111101l11i 11111)' . Ihu U1\IUI1\ ol'dlll'nlll111 I1l'thu 11\.1\11')'. n.ll\l'Y Onl111111 UI111chldu 111I\1Ihu IIcgllllUl1uU UI\lllIllIll lhU\lucldUI1I " wnll 110111 IIllblllnll\lull\\ulol' 111 hl'll1lll,l,lllllhl1l1\ Ihollu ,In.llll'luII II'Ihu.llll'Y dclul'l11hluHllUgllllcl1o~; 11'1110 .I1l1'Y dl1011 uOIlChldu Ihnllhu l1ugllllulluo WIlli 1I1111hu IIllhlllll11llnllhulor 1\llhollu UnIlUII, plllll1l\1'1' will Iypklllly bll u1I111Iu\l10 u IIUW Il'Inl. Tbu III1I11U I'Ulll11t WOllld 1\111011' II't1w dcllJl1dnl11 d;;cII nol provldu 11I1cxpur\ 10u0l1ll'0\'1l1'1 plllllllll'l'lI expul'\. II', hl\WU\'CI', the durUlldll\l\'1I expurldlllPlllulI Ilw ollllHe 01' plnllllll'l'lIln.ll\l'lulI, Ihu IIppollnlu uOIIl'l1I 11'111 lIot gl'IIIlIIlI1UII' 1r!lIlhuci\\1HU 1\ 11'111 be 1I1111111lllJlllhlll,Ihe .I\11'y bullu\'ud d~l'ulldlllll'lI uxpel'llIllllml'\1l1l1d \n buliew plllll1lll'1'lI OXPUI't. J I. " " ,. III Ihlll ~I\IIU, 1'111111\11'1'11 ~XPIH'I~ i{1~hlll'\l M, H~ldIlW, 1>,('" wllll~IIIII')' 1111111'111111111'1', l,pl'l MIII~I',IIIII1II1,\iwllll IIpI'IIII\HII'II,II\ with II plllil ~1l11Ul\lIl1ll'u H)'lIdl'lll\1U whl~h Willi ~!HlIi\lll \1)' 1110 HujJlu1111WI' 10, IlJ\)() 1I1110111\1\1llu 1I0U \1\\.1 1\1 , 1101\.11\11111\1 wlllll111 pl'OVll\\.I1I11 O:'iP~n 10 I'L'I'II\U I1\', H\.IIIII1\\', Tlw\,uI'IlI'V, 11111 pI'OP!'1' Ibl'll1lu ('0\11'1 III dll'uc\ 111111,1\111\ 11111\\01' 111' 11\11', Ihu l1oI'olldlll1l 1I'lI111WglllM1I 1\1111 Ihlll IWlJlIUUlluu Willi Ihu 1I\lhllllll\lIl1lll1~11l1'111 \1r1l1ull1lJ 1\11111111110 I\UCldull\ Ihllt U,I,\\I>>O\I Pll\ll\lIfl'lI 1I\llIrlUII, Tlw 01\1)' I\lIuHllOI\ Iho .I 11 I'y 111111\1\11 l1u PI'UIIUI\\ull with III IhulIl1lOlIlIllll' dlll1l11IJUII 111,1111111110\\ h)' 1'111111111'1', II; 1t'11I1>> CIIIll'lllvPIIIII1I11I'1I111l1' 1IIIIIHtl'\I\JllIlHllllluHllnll III~ ,I Ill')' wllh 1'~gn"IIIII 11>>lIhHlnllllnl t'lIllllll', H\\l HlIl1HllIl1l1l\1 t'1\~11I1' IHHlIu ShllllhllHhl1'\lHH IInl)' Ih\l \lIlIlSu lIt'lh\l I\Il\lhlulIl IIIHI nlll 1111.1 \lIlIlHlllll' 1111111\.1111'1011 Hl1Slnhl\l11 h)' 11111 1'11\1111 1 fI\ 11111 11I1II\llpIIII1d IhllllllO 1)I.lI\.ll\dll111 will pl'Ullul1t \11111 L'1l\11'1 II'llh 1IlillIJIJUIIIud .1111')' 9hlll'gu 1\11\1 IIl1ggUIIIOII,f\11'Y llllUllllol\1I whluh 1I'II11ndlol\Iu \\11\1 "111111111111\111\111101111''' I\Ildl'OllllOIl thu 011\1110 01' I 1\1 \11'1 UII I\Il \l\lPI1I1Ud to Ihu ulIl\lIo11l'th\ll\uul\IOI\I, 'I'll dutuI'I\1ll1u wlwlhol' Iho WI'Ol1gdllUI' PI'IlXlllll\lul)' O\, IU[.\l\l1y ul\llllod \11U Inllll')' gl\'ll\lJ \'1110 10 Iho' I1llgllgul1olJ 1\ l\olJIIgol\uo 1\011011, Ihu\'o 1ll1l1l1 ,\10 II 111\1111\[J 1\1llllho 1I'1'0I1gdl;UI"H IIl1ugodl)' 1I'1'1I1\1J1\11 ~l1l1dllol WIlH II HlIl1l1llll\tll\lllIulnl' 11\ hl'llI[lll\g 1\11I111111i~ I\ullhl\llll, UWI\ Il1llllgh It 11\.I1,1\\l\nl biJ Ihu nl1ly !i10\1\\', L'!lllL....EilllJlllyl\'lIl1ll1l>o\lWlr.1J:utu!I~illlllli!t 4llll A,2\1 77 (\lI\,l'lllwlth, 1(115), ThiJ l'ulll1l1)'I\'1\1\11\ HIIggulllud HtI\11111\1'II,hll')' Il1hll'lIUllnl1 (RR,II) (Civil) ],25 HllllulI: jl .'0 ;j - ; I'. ' III ol'dol' f'ol"lhu pllllll\IITtn \,oUOI'OI' Inlhlll UllllO 1\10 dlll'umllllll'lI clllldliut 11111HI l111w bUOIlI\ ' 1I11hllllllllllllliwlnl' III bl'lllglllg llblllll Ilw Ilcchlvllt, ThlH III \l'hllt Ihulll\l' I'UUOllnlz\lH 1111 10[1111 CllllH~, 1\ 1I11bllllllllillllilCl01' III 1111 1l~\l1ll1, 1'0111 Iholol', llllhollg\1 thu I'UHlIllllllll:, \111vo buoll IlIlllHlIll1 or 11IluXpoulod, hll\ It IWIlOllll1llllllglnll\'Y 111' IhllUII\i1lhullll' or 1\ Ihu\\;1' hllvltl[lllO uonlluullonl,l,\' olll~' 1\1\ hllllgnlliul\llt Ulllll\Ocllnll wllh thu IIcchlcllt, WmpllilHIH I\ddod,) . Thu onlll I11U 11 1 10 HR,1l ],2S IItlltcll III plIl'l: " ii Thu ~hll\'gu l'ullllulI Olllllllllllll1lp 11\1.1 hllPIWllll11! pl'll\I.I IlI'l'hll'l1l, nllhul' Ihlll\ Ip 1\\1.1 11\1111'>'111' Ihu ,11111'111, WI\I.Il'u ol\lIIll1lll1ll 111'1111 11\1111';,' (1'I11hul' 11i1l1111~I!IW 111'1111 11\1\l1'>') Iu 111 IIIUlIlJ, II III 1111l\1.1\1ullllmlly \111111'\lull1lllp ulllll'lJu lI.llIl';,' 1111I1 II pltll\lIII'l'clll1 \,UOPWI' Pili)' Il'Iw pl'lI\'UU 111111 111\1 \\\.Ilull\I\lI1I'1I I1cgllgul1cu \111\lIl\.ld 1M 1111\1\11')',11 11m eXllmplu, 1I1111'uIII'. ul1d lIuulll\.ll1lWlwl'u 11\1.1 plllll1\II'l'1I pl'll1ulplu \.IlIl11pll1ll1l, 111 mllllllpl1lP 111111111' HllllhHl, 11111111'\'01'11I\1.11' PI' 11\1.1 pplllJ 11\11'1'0, lIw,I\lI'Y might wull \1ullll\'U 11\0 \lul\lI1\11I11111l h\.ll1ul!lIuClil, hilI 11\11 l'ullplll1l1lhl\.llill' llw pi II I 1111 1'1'11 hlll1lhWIIII, Nu\'Ul'lIwlullll, pll\ll1t1tT "'n\lhl hu 111111111'11 III II '"1'1'111\.11, IIllhpllgh I!l'ulllly 11111111111111\111 111 111111111111, 'I'P 1\ VII Itl 11\1.1 pIlIIIII\1II1I)'IlI'UI1I1I\IHIIlI1II1 u\l\Jh 1111111111\11111, CII\lHII\11l111l1' Ilf!III'II!,\',IIIIOP\IIlIlUd Ip IIW n\.l\.llllplIlllllcl\',11I oO\'Ul'ed 11111\1.1 d1l11111!!UII pPI'IIIlI111 ol'lIw uhnl'lJu, . (I\l\whl\lIl11 mil ud,)'.. .. . 11111 1111\lolplllud Ihllllho purUl1dlllllWll1 1I11\l111pl IOlll'llllu 111111 \hlll UPIII'IIIIW\lllllillluw Ihu "1I\lbll!l1\1I11I11iIlJ\OI' 1111111'1)0"1111 111'111 pl'opollud b)' ,lul'U1111l1h Hmllh III II ,I I) II IlIw I'uvluw 1\1'I1\1lu, "I.,uglll ('IIIIHU III Aullul1H oi"l'Ol'l,1I 25lllll'\', I" I~c\', 10J (II) II), uited 11\1110 HU:illllu111ul1\ (~o\lPlld) PI''I'IJI'lIl, *4;\ 1 (llJIl5), 1I1ll! lI\1ggoll\. Ihll\ It h\lll buul1l1doplud by 1110 PCIIIIII}'I\'1I1111\ ~\lpl'uIlW ('011I'1111 Eill'iL~ . , ,lorrrlulI, J7\l A,2d III (I'll, IIJ77) , "It douIII101 IIppulIl' 1I1111111u J!ulll1l1)'lvlIl1ll1 H\lP\'0111u CU'lII'l OWl' " IIlId\IPlod" HUII\lIlol11UI1I(HUCl1l1d) *4J 11111 \ho,lnw'[11' l'uIlI1H)'ll'nnlll. 01' tlml 1I\1\1h uOl1l1ldul'lIllol1c\'U1' I' ,," \1'0111 hU;,'lll1d II uOIlI\l.l\1\I\111 hotwuul1 Ihc nllclJud l1ugllucl1cC IIl1d IhuUCU\II'I'UI1UU or tho neeldul1t," ROII\lIl;(wclg, 1~lelllll'd I", 'S\lhHlnl1llnll\wlol" . COl1l\lIIlol1 h)'.Il1l'1ulI owr'l11I ll1eUl1ll1g IHili Ill1lhll'ly . Ill1pllUlud ol1l\1.1\\l'cll plllll1lll'1li, (A\tllehud IWI'Clo, 11l1d Il1l11'kud 1111 ^lllwh\1lCl1l"/V 111,11 uop>' 01' tile , ROllulw,\Velg ul't1ul~ whluh 1i1'III11ppunrud Il1l1w i'llIlIh\ll'lJhl.cl!lIl.1o\ll'l1l1ll1l1d Willi l'upl'll1lud 1\1 IhoFlllI I'JI)I) udl1\ol1 orlhu 1'1I'1l,/\ ,IOHl'IllllJ, Thu dol1l1lllol111l1d ulTcul 01' Ihu "II\1\)II\lll1llull\\u(ol' cl\lIl'gu \l'IlH 11ll' thullllor thu e01l1'\ Il1lho ',lelcl' \" (~~.Col'l1ll1l1 Flhel'ulillLH ('01'11, 71 () /\,~d (IJ3 (I111,Slipcl', '191)H), Thu plll1olll1.1ulOI' 1J,1'11l11uII II l1ew 11'1111 hoell1lHU Iho Il'hll.llldge qllll1111l1ud UllllllllllonllH "C1l1111Idul'nble" Ol' "ulgl1il1ull\1tly IUl'Ill'" " which WUII bo;,'ol1d the e0\111\WI11 to RUllllllol1wl11 *"31, .Iudgc HlIIllllel"H dlllcIIIIHlol1ll1lnll11l;(ul\O\o , , " ': 5 " " , II III 11111111\11'1'.11 110HlllpI1\1l1l1II' Ihlll ('nlii'\ 1I0~11\1I II 11U~~1I11111>' III chllrg~ Ihu .Imy wllll \,\11011\\'11 1\\ Il1l\hllll\l1l\!lIIII~I\I\'" Ihlll II lil1 HO hY l'uhllll1u 1110 \1l\lllIl\lIpl1ll1HI\U Illlhu 11IIppul\llI~1l1' 1110 !I~uh'ul1t, , ' I'Illhu\' Ihl\l1 1111110 Inlll\')' \II' Ihu hill'l1l, HUllp~ull'lllb' HI\\1I'llllcll, , " ::;~tQ~~_1~~T_~, ~t!l_'~I"N~"I\(l ~~~\1 (P-riul\I,I!IIl\III\'l! . I,P, Np, 72M) I )()() I ,ll1glulllllWI1I~nll\l 1',0, 11m; 1177 '111I\Tlllb\\\'u, P/\ \711 (), \\77 [717) ~)H,2()()() 1\lll1\'\1UY Ii1\' 1'111111111'1' PIIIUI_31 (~l cZl-~, " ,II , , " Itl, " I, , " jI " I, I. ' ,I " " ,. ,; " " " , " l, , 7 II ,. ;,' ~ I'< ,'.- " , , " Ii " " " q 'I I', " IIi " ,)" " " " " , ' " " !' " ,;; I'. i; " ,'j " " 01 ,I' " .\, , ' d' i\ 'I "I' ",. I, Ii I' ,u j.1 !' 'I, " " 'I, ',1 " h' " " " I' ;i, II " H " ';';' ,," " "i ;,f " \, :1, 01' \ i I I' ~ ,~ n r tj @ , ' ,'il ,j" .J ; . I I ~ III ,I .'1 f' '" _ STORY ~ ~: t'Su.bstantial factor' C(.mfusion by Jurias over its manning has unff.'lrly ImpactQd on injured plaintiffs, ;' fly Rloluml ~,RQfl"n~wplu incomprehonslblo to.lLll'OI'~ Ol'.Il1St ignored, ('n 1~l'I\kllllOr's be'lsolllng wllh 111.1 Iloll1ogo', l'OI1I1')'II"<lnlll' 11'1111 nOIl.flcllon IIccO\ll11 of Iho CO\lns huv~ 1\0011 wl\h plllhllllTs' posl' lOUt; mnlilplo [;noll\)' 1\."11111\ Ir\lllll\l>llons, SOI1Wlhl1oS Kl1Il1lll1ga lWW on MOlilil 1\l'Ol'oSI, "11110 Irlul oillhllll1l80S, 111111 n 1\\11\\1>01' o(I11\Iso Thin All'," doplcU OVllll15 fur ""sc' IIIWO roncholl tho 1'011llS)'IWIIII\ 11101'0 <1111ls\I'O\l' Ihlll1 Iho Ilpl,ellnle cO\il'\S, , cll,,011polml\l8 reSUll,lo II plolmllfWh,o Is 1\II(IIhe plivllege nf oelhlS as 0 Spe. , ,e!e\l olll'l,covel')' 1>)' II jlll')' Whllll cUIIs\11 cllll M\ISlel' In IUllr)' 11'11\1 III :;ol)\ol11\I~r nogllgencol, '1lhnluee! 11I1Cl hlll1r)' 1'05111\. of 1007, Jim,WI' 1', I1rllw/'lIIml, ^ 10ghollY od, "I-lowovul', Iho "slIb'IlIl\l11l1 facioI''' COIII1\), C\lJ05.J.l703, l'lalmll\,s posHI'I111 cl1\lrllo mlghl woll 01'1'001' 10 snch II' mOI.lollfwore clenled 1'01' McGowiln,.I.. pl~lnllff oS InS\ll1l1DIlIllnble oS tho '"m. HIl P.!..,l, 506, l'IIIII1\1ll's 01'1'0111 II 1'01111. 11111 of levorm III 0 hlll'l'lcolle fOl'ce InK, SlIpol'lor CO\ll'I, 1\8<1 PO\,! 1008" SIOl'm, The word "5111>'lul;'IIII" Is Evoco'l- orglll11e 11 1 hol<1 ~/~<l/00, The jllr)' IIko III Its hlll'lIclltloll', lu)d Ihe dellnl. 1II'I'Ivocl ilIa dcfollsc vordlct where cousol . , Ilou, which posos ,10, p1lllnt1ff II nil' loss negligence In II rell1'<!I1(1 coll1slQ\i WllS proc:lpltou,l h\lr(lou, Is elthor Incompre, IIchnlllod, bm ~10 defenso cOntosleel 1111 henslhlo to jlll'ors 01' jllSllgnorod, The clolimges, Tho "5\Ih'llInUnl fIlCID\," "sl\bslol\lhll 1'110\01'" h1l111lc\lon of Ion ehlltge 111111 ~pocllll hlleITfllJ11\O\"}'wor~ III provhlcsjnrles wllh II hillis, IIllro\l\IOd to tho core of tho ros\lll, l'lnlnlllf WiUI Ih6 focts Illld Iho IiIW, for cI11\jI\l"}' n\lll\o Ilopped In his vehicle III StDp and go liclllloll~whore lhe .I\lly doos nol wl,h II'Ofl\c, lJofenllonl Will procOO(\lnl! to IIwotd dllolllg<lS hohln(1 plll1ntJlT, fllilo<1 to stop, on(1 1'0111' for 1'011S0ns of hil\.I endoll pllllllU(l's vehlclo III slDw spooll, 01' I'I'0j\ltllce ellher Thu chullllgc 10 pllllnllfi's vehldo 1\'11.1 vis. 10wIIl'll Iho 1>lolnllff Ibla hut nogllglblo, PllllnlllT hll(1 no or lOll'llI'd monoy Immodlnio s)'mploms IInd cOI1t1O\lOd 11.1 tllllll'rigo IIllgotlon work III n tnodlllln to hellV)' phYSlco\joh In 'gello\'l\I, This Involvhig 501110 lifting, 1'llIllIlllT cll1lmed occllrs IlIrgcl)' " In, hllve c\ovolopad seVel'e nock pllln throllgh Iho within Illll mDnlhs, and hll(1 a cervical Iml>011n8 Cnl1noll\' QOntlnuodoll pnoo 0 tlolls of tho IVol'ds "SlIhslnntllll foctor", In Iho IlIsl sol'ol'll1 l'mll.,III rIlIO' 'hilt \. hllVu Irlcd, holh ('01' tho pllllntHfllnd 'ho dofense, I JIOVO seonjl\l'Ios \ISO tho "l\lb. 111\\11101 fl\clol''' chm'gc IInd OCCOI1\l'anY- IlIg .poclllljlll)' IUlerrogato\}' to arrlvo 111 II defollse ,'c'rdlcl 01' II plolntlff's I'erdlct 'it p The definition of this tenn is either , , 1111$ o/'/lcM /1111 Cl/'/Icmtd ill Inl Plltr. bwgll l,cgol,/oul1l11l, ll'1I/in(ed IIc/~ willi 1m" lIIi.!Jlon of ,III0lllllor, ,II'r.l1 PuMItlil'Ig Co" mid IIIr IllIrghr/l,v COI/IIIy llllr I\JIOclnllo,,~' "'a_hurt! L, ROBOnzwolu, 0 momber of PnTt.A, 10 \he prlnolpal of Ihe 70. yoar,old lew firm of Roaontwelg III , Rosellzwelg, He Ie a 1a.yeer member of'fho'Aoauemy 01 Trlel l.IlWybl'8 of Alloghllhy C~Ullty, and hae a vtltled iii. Igatlon IHaotloe, SI\PS~Hn ~IHI FI1r.~ol' OOl1l1nll~U 11.0111 ~ <lllc 1\111011, 1'\11 lroll lof\ wllh 11 le'~ol' HII1UO of 111011011 IIndll\llo .r~lIof f!'Pill tllo pain, 1'1!11I111(1'" Illm'"Jl1 10111l\e<l '1lIill Ilia 11"\"\ fill' 1110 '\ll'gOl)' III 1\'1111 !" 1.110.1'011<1\1111 I'l'uhkl1\' WOI'Il Ihe 10l\lli "I' 1I\I1I\1'cl<ll1l1l, Pl1f"l1rllll\\ n<\mlnoll clI\lll\l negll' g,'nCO III 10 1110 IIcclilelll, hill c(l\1le'le<l 10Hnl CI1IIIO hOIWllolI llio ',Ir.dell'IlI IIn<l ' (1)\1 !'in\incll hOl'll1, n"fOlllh\lH '1Ihl1ll\. lUll I III 1'01111'111')' 11101\11'111 101\linnn)' I1nel 1'0110<1 for 0 Ilofoll!U 011 crOl!.e~ml1lni" I' . ., tloll of 1'IIIIntllT'! ,1('11101', 1<J5,lmlll1)' of 11In duflln<lnnl 0' 10 Ih"lOCK nl'lllVlll'lly of Iho hnl'llCl, pll1l1lll(l', O\VII 1'1111111'e' of lill CIII' whleli sho\VOI\ 1I111t1ly <lIIcol'l1lhlo I'ehlclo <l1\lI1l1go, 011<1 1110 IWo monlh <llIloy hOIWoon Iho IIccldonl IIn<1 1110 onlUI of' Iho I)'IHIJ\<'IH! l'e<ll1lrlng S\I1'gol)', 1\.\ spocllIl MllSlel',! SlIblnl\lo<llo 1110' JIII'Y spoelol hllorroglltol1' No, I Ililll tllo 1III'0ollon 11\11\ II I11\1S1 hellnlWOl'o<l wilh " 11\'05"1 , , ' I, 01<1 llel'ol1<IOI1\'s nngllgnnee OI\IUO Iho Iml<l~1I1 of Oolobol' 8,IUU<l? '1'110 "sllh!lllllllol fIlCIOI''' ellOrg'" llnel ipecllll 1I1\III'fOglllol'Y OIlIOllu'l eU\lso was given 111 101'1111 of "lIl1nn' 111lhel' Ihon 111 le\'IIlS of "lIcclclellt", whleh Is [\Ilferl>!" (nnt \'ulIlI~ed 1I1111ll1111\0) froill S~)l n,~5 al1d tho Comlllonl, whlcll f'ollows, '1'hl' II nolllnC0I111nOIl III Illcllculed III Iho 111'\>0111110 eOlln cuses, reliowed he\'o, Ot diy, Ihll mlher ohl'lolIS dl!llllcllnn bOlweell 5~JI B,25 III1c1ReslOlel1101l1 01' Torlii2d,6,tnl, hilS 1101 hllell chllll\'"ged III Iho 1'0I'OI',ell Cille", ' , Spnclll hlltrrogl1lol'Y No, 2 s\lhm"lud In IheJlIl')' ullcl ollswol'ecl "No" Wo' IU I'nl. 10wsl" 2, Wus clefenduIlI'IIlegllgol11 Call' <h1cl II '\lblllll1l1ul, facioI' 111 . hrlllglllll IIbolll' the, hiil'ln In I'lnlllllfI? '010 vordlcl WIIS Illllldcd 10 he In fllVOI' , of dO('olleluIlI, Plnllllllf flIod II posl-trlnll1\Olloll IlI1d l'UIIOcl III !\lI'pllrl of III" r"~\lc'l fur U o FALL I!!! 1I0W 11'1111 Ihe fulloll'l\lU URIlgllllllllll' or IIOHl." ,hHlge lichlllor Wl'hlilll fill' Iho 11\'1'<'11'1 Sllpel'lo\, \'0\11'\ I1hsol'l'oll Ihlll Ihll chl'rge Imcker! 1110 1'0nill)'I\1Inlll Sug, goslo<1 Sloncllll'cl Jllry hll\l1lellolll, IJlIl 111111 tI\ese lI\,e ollly 11 \,eferonco lIevel' ' Ilclnl'locl by Ihe SlIprllnle Conn, clllng (.'''"I"lullwfallli I', 811I11", iPl8 \'11, llil, 811, Il,ll, llV'\ 1\,2<1 10811 (IU07), Jllllgo' 5"1111101' clhcllllod Ihu nl'lulll of lho "1\1\1. Ilillllll'l Clu:lor" clwrllo III I\\'SI 1'1'01'"loel h)'Jo!'ul11lilll SI11llh In II l(!lllllll' I'evlcw o\'II<:le, "l.egill clI\I'1I11I I\CIlOIIS of'l'u\,"" 25 Hnrl', I, lieI', 103 (lUl\), ehel! Ihe llellnlol11o!l\ (Socom\) of 'Ibm, 6'131 (lU1l5), IIllcl S\lllgoslee! 11111\ II hllll hooll o<lllpI"'! by Ihe l'oIlIlS)'II\lnlll 8UI'\,0111e COIII'\ 111/'or,1 v, jeffii'~, '17>J 1'11, 588, 87U M(ll \I (\ Ui'l) , A~ dlsCII"e(\ )lelow, 1\ dou! not 01'1'11111' thlll U\O l'onI1s)'I\\\I1I11 5111'1'01110 C:O\ln'OVlll' "1I1IoplUrI" /\O!UI\O. 1I\0nl(SeC0I1II) 9'lU I ,\11110 IlIw of l'ul1l\' s)'lvilnlo, 01' tl1\lt such <:01l!lIlol'Ollol1 OVPi' WUl1t boyonrln COn\10c\lb1l )Jolwoen Iho II110ged 110gllaol1co \ll\tl tho oeelll'l'oneo of the IIcclllont, Tllo 1'1111111111 jelel', whh .lu<\go C\iillo <lIllenllnU, g1'01110<11I 110W lrloll>oclllllo Iho lIinl JI\dgo <lllu1lllf\e,! eOl1slIllol1.o.\ ,,"consldol'lIblo" 01' ."sllllllflclI111ly Inrgo" whloh Will bll}'Ollll lho cU\I1inenl 10 . Ponnoylvunll1l1llpollnto <Ioolal<"Io l\e,llIlolnlllH 943\, Judgo Schlller'l (\Is. ' Tho del1nltlon olld oO"cI of Ihu "s\lb, CII'lloII II\lnlll\l7.orllllo lllluntlly llf CII\l. SIIII\llol fllCtol'" chlll'110 wal Iho fOCI\S In SlIlIol1 noodel\, 110twllhslllndhlg Iho ((Ie lho lI,he'los caIn of liteI' \1, OCVe/l.I,Co/1f' of lho worel "SlIbitOl1!IIII"~ln efTont IlIg }'l/t/!/glm, SlIp!'il, Tile COSo II\lI hlf\ll" holclln!! IlIlIt nn)'lhl,ng thM Is 1I0t elll",l 111111 tho Jill)' wa, 11\'.l1 o.\kc<1 to "ltl'lgnll\e\lnl" 01' "negllglblo" Is conlo, dlllellllltlo OIl\l'lIllon by \I lli'opondur" ~1I111111)' "Sllbsllllllllll", Iho\ 11101'0 Is 110 unco 01' Iho oli<lonco Ihlll e~pllsU\'o 10 I'oqllll'olllont 01' "eol1sldol'nblo In gllnn' osbellol C0I1,II\1110(\ 11 "s\lbSlonllol COil' lltr", "\lnd, In f\lct, tl)o 0\111'01 'lUCioI' lrlbllllllg foelol''' 10 Iho <leI'010plI\"\11 nl' cO\llcl bo I'ellllll'ely 1,1)lnol' III eOll\pllli'" 11\0 rll,,",,<!, ThoJlIl'Y lI,kor! fOI' 11 01111'11\, son wllh olhol' 01111,101, clIllon 01' Ihe word "SllhlIU\1llnl", IInd tho !tllllllly, Jlldge Sehl\lol' mllkos U vel}' COIIl'l pl'olided Iho dlcllollUI')' defllll. goocl pOlrllnltho\lgh rolegnlorllo n fOOl- 1I01l-"eo\1,ldcll1\ble III iIIH\lItlt}', slglllfi. . 111110, lI\1d e"us 11 LUlhl wrilor of ROllllln CIlIIII}' 1I11'1le", ll\'el' Iho obJeollo\1 01' Ihe onlllJII11}', I'lIbllllll~ S)'nli' /IIa.\'II//.I1 "'l'IIU 1'1111111111;', 'I'11CI Jill)' fOlllld 1'01' dlll'uII' " ItnpDl'lonl Ihln!!\lbolllllny wurcl Is how danll, Olldlho pllllllUlf, appealed, '1'110 YOlllllldc!I"lallllll," Jllrlgo Cirillo III ,III. 11'1111 Judgo 1\1\<1 flut gll'l!l] Iho "SUbllUl]' SlIlll would ,gll'e tho trinl Jlldgo dllere. 1101 fllelor" chnrge IIn 10 "bI'IIIHIII~ IIhllltl lIol] 10 supplllmel]t 0 eonf\15lll[! dellnl. Ihl! I/CC"""'(' with thl! del11l11lo11 of "~ul~ dOli of "suh~llIlIlIlll" with 0 tllcllulllll'V 'Inlllllll" c(Jlllllllllld In slleh chllrgo os "IIn "dllllultlun, II fllt'thor Indlcllllotl 01' th~ lIetlllll, l'eul 1'0cItll', nlthough tho I'eslllt cOllf\15ll1g nulure und <lImeully of tho Inll)' be 1I11\II\lal or \lnexpeclod, bllt II II WOl'd fOl' OJI\I')', not un hllngillu,'Y 01' fUlldflli fllclor or n 111111.\;.'0" 11. IICl1'lcw, ,\1pm, thedofllll' factor hlll'lllg 110 clllllUlellollUI' Ollly 011 clnllt n[hnllled fnult hI ull n\lto oocldollt, 1",lgolOoont COlllleelloll with Ihe ncd' 00/11111111\11 011 PO'UD 7 " 1) t\ dlrof.\e<l \'Ol'(l\el ihollle,1 hql'o 1)lIen gr,ll11o<111.1 i<, IIl1hll\l)' sllloo Illlgllg<lI1CO 11'11' IlIh'ihl,,<I, IUIl\ lllt.'n: ,W~\~ Hllls,~III~ nl'lt:ga\ Cl\\l'iC! (ul'!he,1I11')' 10 cOIl,I,lul', 2) Tit" eoun 'houlcll]ollllll'" 'lIh, l\llLl"d th" 11\110 of leHil1 OllllSil' Ilun IClllieJIII')'h)'\'';1l'uI'Spllcllll !lltlll'i"'lliIIUn', lrel!ell'etl V"IY ,:nmprol1CIlSII'Il hrlofs I'rom 1'11111111(1', coIlIII,,1 Todcl n"rko)' Ilnd d"I"'Il'" cll\llI~ol. R'd,el!cn MIIIlI1, which 10g<'lhol' prol'ldo(\ II compendl. \lln of lho 1'01'01'1"<1 CII'" !tI\V nlltl vel')' pUrSlln,ll'e 1\I'glllnonls bolh I'ur nlld" IIgllln~1 Ih" lll'UIII of II new 11'1111, 8111l!0 Iho 11111 p\lbllcllllol1 01' Ihls 1\l'llele Inlhll 1I10nll1l)' o<l\llon of tho Pilllbllrgl, L,gal jOIH1lalln Mill' 0(1 UU8, Vol, 146, No, 5, 1" nil, Iho SllpedCJr GOIlI'\ IWI dlldded 111'0 OIlSIl' lhlll,lllllIl' UII Ihe Imlllljeter,V, Owelll,Cumlllg Nbergllll COl'p" 7Ill 1\,2rl 688 (1'\1, Snpol', 7/27/(8), 011111/ix.,o" v, Barlow, 728 A,2[1716 (1'0, Supe\" \UUU), " S\lh~lHn~lnl Fnclqr Q~n\lIl1l~lllfOIl1 0 Tho ollb' IU\IO 1'01' Ilw Jill)' Will IIw ill\lol\l1\, If 1111)', of Ulllllllgol, Tho JlIIY 1'0\\II'Il,o,\ II \'onI1<11 fol' Iho c111fullcllllll hy ollll\'orlng III Ihll 1I0H\1I1I'1l Iho 11"'1'1111 h1\!JnOHIIIOr~' I" I" II'llUlhur rlurOllrlllll\'1 lIugllgolll'o \l'irl II IlIhllillHllll ,fllrlor 111 Clll\llllg I'lnhll1ft'l hlll'ln, 11'0111 phllllllfl'! , 111111 rlufulI'IIlIII'S 11I1'11,"01 WI\nUSSlll 1I\ll'uIlCI 11111\ IlIu pllllllllfT ,11If(1'I'UI\ h\llllY "\/'011I Iho llCddlllll, hili iho)' ,1l!l'eI'UI! on III" eXlulIl, 'rho Irlol C\l1I1'I gplllle!\ II 11011' 11'10111111110(110 dlllllngll!, The Slip'" rioI' COlII'llllfil1l1lHllhe grillll of II IIll\l' II'M hlil huhllhll\ Ihll Il'lnlcollrt 1II11!1 llgllln ml<ll'ell 1>0lh Ihll ISIIII!~ nf IIllhllll)' onrl rlnl11l1gos, TheJ\II')"S hllmlllllg prill\! "lllh5l01l111l1 fIlCIOI''' clllll'HQ 1I11! hol<\ 10 I>ll COq\l1l1)' 10 Iho 11vldullce,.Illllglll'orrl glllo\\ WOIIIIIIHlVU Ihnhod 11\0 new Irllll 10,\illllllgOI, 'fhe Cllle [ullorllll'on III /n~1011 v, Ilm\ low, lill'liI,1I1\! Cmft v, Ilillil'll' 700 i\,~d ~20 (I'n, 51101', \007), Ilofelllllllll hl\rI pllllerl dll'lloll)' hllo Ihu 1'1111111111'5 pl\lh whllu 111llKlng 1\ lufl \\1111 I\cross II1Il1\c, tlefqlldolll' ollmll\o,\ ctllllal nogllgonce, BOIl) the I'ltllnllfT ond Ihe defol1e1l1m pl'mlllcO(\', expert mOlllcal le~lhnon)', which 1\11'!l1111ell 0 !llldlng, 11111\ 11Ie phihnllf Wf\.1 1t~\II'('d 1\1 II l'el1l11 of Ihe ~~cldul1\, 11\oJIII')' fOllndthAt tl)o dof'lIl' dont's negligence 1\';1.1 \loto Sllb\lonlllll , "Icllll' In CIIlI!hlg Ihe I'lalntll1'l hl\l'In, The lIinl,cO\l1'l gl"lIntol\ the I'IIIh1l111' 1\ nell' 11'101 becoule thu venUcl \\1\\ ol!\llnll the weight of Ihe evidence, Th" 5111'01i. lll' CO\ll'\ oll1l1ned, ol1d cono\ilderllllll\ "tho '/UIY.'I dellll'lnhlOllon Ihot r1uf"n. 'dllnl's nogllgence WMlnlll 0 suh..tlllnllll fllCI<lr bo[o no Totlonllll'elllllon\hlp 10 the elidenoe oeldIlCe(! C\ trlo\." lIowlc v, Urblllll' ,HI 1'0,Supel; O'In, . ()(HA,2d 010 (lOOtl) hll'olVllclo 1'00l'llllll eolll!lolI wholi thll plolntllf Wa\ Ituppml Ot Ihe elld of 1\11 axil l1\iill' \\1lll1l1g to mOl'ge In(u tromc, Defenelant odmltted ' nugllgence, The dl1fundilnt'\ expert medlelll WIUI051 agTeod Ihl\t tho plolntllf IlIfflll"lldlll1 huuly (\.I 0 I'O\ult of 1110 I\cr!. den\1 Ihol'u WIIS Ilmpl)' a dlsagl'ooment It! 10 the degree of Il)e hUIIIY' The iut)' fOllnel ,thol the defundolll'l negligence Will not 0 Iubstontial fhelol" In bringing, IIbollt tho Iho plolnlll1'l hOl"m, Thu 811PUI'Iol' COIII'l 1'111'1'1"11111 crill IIWI\rr\r'<1 Ihu 1'11I11I1U1' II null' \I"hll, 111111 hllld Ihill "buql\IIU Ihll JIIIy'1 Ilogilllvo Ill\Iwel' 10 this qUlJlllOII \\11. complutu\)' CUnlml')' IU 11111 u\,ld(:lIru 1'1'0\'lrI'Hl III 11'1111, It 1\\11 1Il'l'l'opl'lI11U IiII' Ih" ""111'\ 10 \III',\l'(11I IWI\' 11'1111 In \\11, 11I11111'1'," . In 1'll'e(1 I'i fo,'illl'I', ,lilli 1'1\,5nI'UI", U117, tlol Ii , 1\,Ud 811B (lOO'I), \llll dn(llIldl\llI'! 1I\IIoIIIl\hllu 1I1'111'K Ihu I'illllllllrl 1\111\1' 11I0""0 \l'hlhi IllUl'illh\llll'\I'lIS slnppIlIlll1 1111'11111,: IIllh\, Tho duflllldlllll ",,"cudl',1 nlllll, 1\lId Ihu IrllIl 1:11\1I'IIIIKlrllulud Iho ' JIll)' 10 Illld Iho Iloflll\\ilIl11 I\ogllll\!1I1, l'!<lWOVel', tlw.llll')' fOtllldlhllllhu dofell' dlll\I'S lIuglhl011l'U \l'IIS lint 0 'lIhUIIIIIII\I fll':illl' 11\ ClIlllhlg I,hlllllll\'. h\llll'lol, Tho tl"ll\l e01l1'\ 11\I'IIHlo,1 Iho pll\hlllrf 1\ l1ew 11'1111, IIlJlh Iho 1'1111111111' 1\11,1 II", ,\efoll' , <llInl hlll\ u~pOl'lllwdklll WIIIlUS!lll\l'llo IIg1'1l1H11h1l1 Ihu pllll\\lll1' dlel 11111,,1' InlllO hUllrle" IlIlI IlIllbl'IJd 115 10 Ihu 1nllglll. 111<11l of Iho 1I\!llIlol, The Slip olioI' Cnllll 1'0111I'\ Ihlll "1\0 l'el\lolIl\\Ilu ./111)' (:0111,1 hlll'll JI1\IIHI thnt 1\1\ of Plc"I\'1 1111111'1\11 WIlI'U IInl'ullllUlI \ll llle lIerillu!lt," Thu duliJlldllllt rOllcullllCI Iho IlslIl! of Iillhllli)' III Ih\! olilllll of the 111111111 ['''1'' kill II, St"'llch, '11I1 l'I\,sIlPOI', HOD, 030. ,~,~II Oll\ (lll\lol), f\fIInllvl(, 6'1~ \'0' H51, . (\07 MIlIa (l001i, Tlw,hll')' I'IItlll'l1(1(\ II 1'U1c1\1:1 of 1\11'0 <ilIIHII!!UI, Thu 11'1111 COllrl 1ll1\II1cllllic 1'11\1111111" llI"I\!'1I 1'01' 1\ 111'11' '.' " 11'1111, Thl' 81'1'01'\111' Cllllrlllllll'llIlld, lei" 'Iill \'o,5I1PUI, nl HO~, (\1\7 ^,~II f!l 002,. T\iu plllllllll1' hlllll'l'l'!elltod 111\(:011\1'0' "\'IlI'\II,II'vlclulleu Ihl\\ 81111 '"fTllI'IlII " ' \I\hlilu, IIl1cl WII!!U lo!!, '1'110 mil\'l 1101'1 Ihlll"\\'lIllollt ul'illullcn c(illllwlktnl)' III 1\10 USlllel\"o, 01' In Ihu Inl\llIl C\\\\II!, llf pllIllIlllI'l IlIllli-ll'" Ihe )111')' \I'll! no( fl'eo In 1'0Juct 1'11111111\1'1 \lhlllH," Thl\ .<Illfun. (\IHII el\lI(1I1 II 1II01llcl\I o~l'el'l whn \tgrood t\lol Ihe I'll\hullf lllffured h~lIIlel liS II l'uIIIII of IIII! 1I(:el'lenl, bill ,lIfTor"ll wllh 1'1I111Il1f1'1 1II\lIUcol I'Xp"1'I 1\' tqlho exlul1lof 51wh 11\1111'1111, III Clj'olu"ci '" l!orl(llIlll, 'l}'m,I,I!r SyslclIl of <illIg/ICIly C"lIrily, 55? ^,~cl 'IN. (1'0, Cmwllh, \005),1110 1'1nhllUTwilllloppu'l il'holl II PAT bill ItrlleK hol' vehicle li'cll1l OellHllllolI en poOq ~ 8nu/noorlnl1l:xperf . , Sprvlaos reolln/ool. Olsoavery SlIpporl . .' , I II 1'1 ! I i I I' .. " I I SlIllS\f\lHlnl Ff\CIOI' "l' nOlln \'lIrlllell. Ihu IIwnl'C1 nllll OOIlIlIlIlO~ froll11 I Clllllllllud 1'01' Il'lnl1111 Ihol'.\IlC of 1111111' uChlilll, 1\111'1111, hOlh ,Ihu 1'1111111111' 111111 IIHu~ IIloIIU, 'rhu SlIl'IolllU cOlin Ihc dulOII"1I1\1 Pl'u,ulilullllludll,nl lOlli, IlfIll'lllcd IIlId hclel Ihlll Ihe JUI'}' could 11\01\)' Ihlll allOwud Ilmllho plllll\llrrlll\ll IIPI IOlnlly lIi1l'aHIII'<IIIIl,III1WI1II'O\'urtell allfTIll'oll 1I\lmlll' II' IIl'lll\lll ,of Ihu lWei. oNpun Wllllu" who vnlllllrl Ill() III'OIiOIll' "dulil' "'"WUI'I'!'1 11111 I!xpill'l' dllrul'cd "' Ie 111.11 1'I1,\llhlll!l 1i'c11ll Ihu 1'1111111111" II\lCI,' II! Ihu llIilHlIlllltll1 Ill' hel' 1'11111'11", 'l'llll dUIII" 11"'llh-"lhu.lI\I')'" l'''l'dl", Will '" .I Iii}' (""lId Illl: dUlill1dnlllli"UIlUcl1l, hili Willi Ill')'" III Ihu IIIU:OIIII'll\'ul'\cd "vI> IIWimllll1 110 ""IIIIIY"', Thll IrllIl coIII'1 dUllccllIll'od\lcUlI l\llI'IIIIIU 10 ,'hock 11)0 IIWitl'dlld Illlll'lnhlilll'il I]lIW IIlnl h\ll'iIIllu '"Ii'U of JUII,h:o. Ill' n 1'1I11'"l1nhlu Il'lnl of Ihu .1111')"5 r;111111'1I IIJ IIWnl'd dllll\lIf10,' .II\lIYI' IIl1d III 1I1111ll"lllIlu Ihu IIwllrcl of h II'm IIglllllSl Ihu \l'1!IUhl of Ihe ovlduli!:\!, ,Iii'll' 11'1111." Thu C(l1I1'I grllllwel il IHI\\' Tlw coml1\ouwulllth cOlin IInlnl1llCl, 1,lIiill Ihnlloel to Iho III\IU of <llIlIlIIgus Thu dufundlll1\ II1hlll1l0111lllhlllty III 1111 I 1110110111101111'0' (I) Iholllllllol'elIIlIllIgu,,' 1IIII011\0bllu III:cldlll1l, hilt Ihll' Iilo' : Is 1101 '1II1ul'\ivliwd' wllh IlIul5llH: 01' 1111' ," '. . ., i I'Ull)j'1I111111 I'ol'ellcl Or(ll1h'$1,5~O InliulII(/ hlllln IIl1d (D) IIIlI Imlu of IInl>I11t)' Iill' \1, 'vIlli, '110 1'11,SIII'OI', 2D7, 015 1\,UdIOU' IlcolI '11i11'1}'elIIIOl'lllllloel' ol'I,.'l\'cu 1'1'011\ (lOOD), Tho 11'1111 00111'1, 'II<I l/iOIl(u, dOllhl,' H111l11u<l1l III1W 11'",1 011 Ulo gl'olllld tlllll III l{lIlul,~ v, DOIwIIM, 'I1n 1'11.8111'111; tho I'ol'dlet I\'iI,~ Inllt\IJlIIIIIIII, "11101'\1 \~'ilS '11I11, 1111 1\,Dfl!1I1 (lUV2), Iho 'ilel'clI' 1I11I1hl'111011 IlIllIlh:lIl "'111111(11)' 111I1t eI'\l1I COllcoellld Ihlll Ihu 1'11I1Il\lff Sill'. plllll\t 11' sllSlnlnodli\lllrlll', Tho ~lIpol'l. fUl'od II COl1\pl'o'llon thlcllIl'u of hi, 1'01'- 01' C:olln Iwllllhllllho 11'1111 COlin <11111101 ,llIhli\ III 1\ 1'0'"11 01' Ihll IIceldonl WIIlch ilhmo lis dlmallon 111 1l11'i1l'dlng II lIoW Ihll l!ofolllllllll eIlIIIO(I, Wllh plllli,II(I'1 tl'lnlllOC;IIISU It Will Inlldllqlllllo IInd con. 1'1'101' h!sllll')' PI' hilCk II\JIIl'lus, tho 1'~tOIlI 11111')' IP Iho wulghl of Ihe ol'ldl'nell, oflhu dllmllgo 10 Iho 1'1111111111'" back 111 Nr{,lf/II v, II(IIM, 5UU Pa, 5\0, 05n ell\lsud h~' 11\0 1I111011l0hllllllecldul1\ II)ll' 1\,2<1 OU'1 (l005) ,Iha 1'11111' of Iho 1>lnll1' eOl1lesllI<I, Although Ihu pllllulll'f pre, 110'1 1I1110IHoulle 11'11' hl\ hy Iho I cfeu- ,oUtUI! 111'0 11101110111 WIUIOIIU" Iho Jill')' dolll'l ploklll' Inlck whllo Iheplnlntlff nll;trlll)(t 110 dllmllgll" '1'1111 IrllIl COIII'I ; 111\,' \1"ltlllg 10 11\1'11 hllo II '101'0 plll'klll!l ilhJllllllllhu plnhlllfr, re~IIO'1 (hrllllaW 101, AI trllll, Iho dol'olldnl1llldllllll!!d 1111' 11'1111, Iho SUpuliol' CoUI'I l'O\'ol'sod IIl1d hllll)' 1'01' (ho IIccldellt, !lolh tho pllllu. foul1d IhntlhoJul')' WIIS nOI wal'mntcdln 11ff'! 111111 Ihe (lofolldnnl'l modlclIl wll' IIWIII'dlllg ZIII'O da'rrlllUos cllle 10 Ihu ' I1"S'~S \\8'1'oll<llhlll Iho pllllllllfl' hlld '\If. '''Iconlcllod ol'l<lollce showlny tha fal'u<lllllllrlo" dlm'l'llIg ollly II' 10 'Ihp dol'ondnnt', lIugllgullc", IIncl Ihlll tho UXlUm o( IJlo h1.l\1I101, ThuJIIIJ' n\VlI('(lllIl dll(iindnllt'l "ogllgence UIIIIsed Iho 110 dlllllllges, Tho 11'1111 CO\ln Sli\lIled 1\' pllllnlll'r" I'metlll'od VOI'IOUI'II, Tho COIlrI l1aW 11'1111, Tho SlIplll'lol' COIII'II'IlI'UI""d, OXpllllllad thill, "tho 8'cnel'nll1lio h thlil bit I Iha S\lpl'llll1a COlin reln'llllud Ilto' I'lcllm,' 1II\I,l(' 1", compunlllled Ihl' nil, trllll Call1't'l gli\1l1 of II IICW 11'1111, Tho Ihell'lo""1 l:lill.'OlI b)' Iho lIegllgonco of SUpl'Omo COlli'! Ihlll1d UIIII 1'01' Ihll .1111')' nllolhul," Thal'o 1I1U 110 dofullse IlIetllenl "\0 aWnl'll thu i'IIIIIlllff 1\0 dllmllgo. for expOl'lthll1 concodedlll1lrUIII')', bUllhu 'pllln olld Infferlng IlOIII~ 110 11111011111 do/illldlllll cOllccdod lhllt Ihe pllllnlllf I'olllllo"'hlp 10 Ih" "v"lencll 1>l'olhlced hlld ,nffel'lId II compres,lol1 I'l1l1:llU'o of IIttrlnl""IIIlIJI"J"S docl.'lonlo dl,u\'liol'o Ihc 1'0l'tohl1lll' n I'usnll of Iho IIcclduni, 1111 Iha ol'lden!!e I'I'U'''l1ll!1l dnrlng Ihu '111c dufomhuH'1 conl1,ell'ocogillzo<llhu Il'lnl IleOel,foOlnIOI1ICli,c IIl1d I, Indecd eNhl!!llCe 01' Iho plalntlff'1 hunl')' In hH shollklnH," " doslnH IIrg\lOlCnl"lI'llunlw ,llIledl "The '" An IIlghlllulI')'cln','ld r,ld Wit, klllotl h\JlIl}' 11'0' II ':ompresllol1' fnll:lul'u of II II'hul1UIO hlloxlcntod dl'II'CI'ol'tho 0111'111 Vlll'IObl'lIIIndII Ii'll' II Ihlrly m"IOr h\JIIIJ'" which sho Will a pllssenger nugllgenll)' ", Mr, Hnll'loy Is OIHllled to be com. "AlIt onolllor ellr III Ihe Cillo of KiJrr v, pCl\5l1ll1d (orlhlit h1.lIIlJ', b\ll ho II not Sclllllle, 53B I'll, RIO, 0'18 A:2d 1 (Jon,!), "llIllIcd to hI' compensallld for h1.ll\liel' 'rho Jln')' n\\\ll'dod $25,000, Tho SlIlH!li. wh"'h 111'0 Ill>t.l'ollltud to 0111 ill:c1dont," B FAUIISS I:IPQQlnll11nQtl1r Qn~Q Thll l,n'\1/)\'I'1' wll1<:1I t p!,o,llllldlli Spo. d"l Mil'loli "'Ill/WI'IJ, lI(lb"/'IIIIHI, 5\11'111, la 1)1'101\101' Iho !11'01'1l1l1i'11I10111l11 Oil'o, COI1' Il<lul'oll I'lIrul1ll)' h)' Iho P"IlIl'>,1I111l111 !11'1"Jllnlul:DlII'I,', 011\' Il\b'llIlIllill dlllbr' "lleo I' Ih"llhl' """'"111\111 ~lIhl\\llIc" 1111 Inudl\llll ol'lllullco \\lIII,llIilllll 110 e(lII!:llS' ,IOlllhlllllll)'tlfl'h1Iiltlfl's hll\'ll1l'Ulllha<l fl'om Ihll "ccldlll1\, SlIch 1\ <1!sIIlICllol1 'collld sllppol'i Ihll dlllll"I-<,1' 1'011011'11\1 1'0111'1' Illldcl' II\(! I'rhl~lplu Ihl,l Ihu .11\1')' coIIll1 dl'l'oUill'Il \Ill' pll\llIllll's lIIo111cnl el'ldol1on, p"l'\lclllnl'l~' whol:~ d\1fol180 eOIll\lnl Is 1I1>le 10 nilt somo (10\11>\ Ihl'PIIgII crO,li'C~lImll1l1lll1l1, Tho dllrlllllhll\t"!ll'gllnl"nl I, 1111I1 "I'C1111'1hll fiwIs COllcol1llllg 1\11I1111ol11o' I>lIe colIl,loll ,III'U 1\lflIclulll 10 ellllhllsh 1l0SIlHCII( C:OI\ll\lel im Ihe 1'111'1 of tho dufillldll11l, Iho plllhflll'l' '1llIllIltlllu hili" dUll of I'I'OI'III!! 11111\ hi, 01' hill' h\JIII'I"s \l'OI'U l:li\lScd I>y slleh 110gIlLlof1cu, 1\, Is .' II'/lhln Ihll 1'1'01'11IeO,of Iho Jill/' 10 pllSS IIpOIl Iho ol'olllbllll)' of WlllWSlul, Iho,/, 11<'1l</ I' lilVlIllVoorl O/ll1l1/millll /tuij, co" file" '19~ I'll, 7, ~fi5 1\,211 I~O (lOOU), SlIch II Ihe caie, oVollWhlll'O the plnll1- \Iff's o\1dellco II \ll1eol\ll'lllllctod h)' Iho dlll'ontillnt's:lI'llllnssllI 01' 01'011 Olollgh tho d"fll\llll\lllll1tl'O<hlcus 110 IUIUmollY Whnt.iOcI'UI', fiopw l'. A(ll/llellc,A1Q I'll, 001, OOU, 215 1\,2d 0'11 (10M), ~llddng /1'011\ DOlll v, !.c(bow/(~ 987 I'n, 535, 8,10, m ,",Uti 7S'I, 7118(1050), AJ1II')' II fl'oo 10 UaIlCI'UIlI1, SOI1\U, 01'1111110 of IhIlIO'II. "nIPIl)' PI'OIUIIIUd by n:WII\IOS.l, Glliln v, I'nml\la, SB51'1I, l7l, 171.75,122 1\,2d Os (1050), The (1111)' of lUlclllng dll11lngo, II w/lhhl tho pl'ol'hwo of tho Jllr)', 111111 lIS Il'lorloffncl,lhoywolHh Ih" Val"," 11)'lIn<1 cl'udlhll\l>' of Iho WIU1CISelll\1d lhllll' lOa. tIIlIOn)', Glre V, !Jam, 87~ I'n, SlIpOI; ~O~, 580 A.2d. 'HO, 450 (lQB8) , olloclllur dunlod, (quollng f..l!(olt V,'P,~I(II, S97 I'll, Hllpor, 41U,'187 A.2d IO,'P.2 (l08n), nll~ I, 11110 whul'o thu plnlntlff'1 ovldol1co II 1I1letll1tl'ljfllcted by tho dofol1dlll1t, or oV"n whore Iho dol'onthlllt hilI prOIOI1I- od no ol'ldollco nloll, Morgnll v, Ph/hult/. #(11 WfCllic COIII/IIWY, 200 I'il, SUp(II', 51n, 't'15 A,2d 1208,lROn (1082), . The IIdl'l'OI')' Spoclnlll1il1ter 01'1111011 Ihll( I Wl'ote with I'egllt'd to IhopOlHtlnl mol/olll Wi\.! ndol'tud, III pntt bY.1ltdgo COnt/1I110d on POUQ 0 '. " S~lb~tHnt,\nlli'nct()r O~n\ln\l~d Ir~m , 'MeL1\lwnll,!\IVIWV, fftthf/1/l<lII. 1'10 I',l.J, 566, Tho 1'01\1011 fle"lIng whh the "llIb, ,PIIH1llnl,f!lelol''' ehnrgo "lid which \1011\<1 hnvo gnllllo<lll 110\\' trillion 1IIIIIIIIg09 IV:'.' l]Ill, 1In<I.I\11lg\l M<,Oo\\'nl1 dOlllod 1'\11111. tlll'1 1'0'\11\11\ lor n II<'W lIinl 011 <llIlnngo', Tlw phlll1tl(f 111'1'<'nloll s\leh donlnl 10, \ho SlIl'orlol' Cll\lfl~ Thu HllpOl'lol' (;olnlpi\IIUI of JlI<llIc~ Hllllork, MIISl111111110, nnll '1'1111111111 hUllnl nl'gul1\\\l1\ 0\1 I'cbl'li\ll'Y ~,\, 1009 "I\d IU\I\lr\ n 1'01' ql!ial11 1\0l'lo,bo;pl\blllhorl 01'1111011 nl I \H'I 1't111 \0\18 Oll.l\lilO \11, IUIlO, which IIll1nllllll.l\l<lijU McOolmn', 1.\011\111 of n' 1I11W \lilli, Sllflh 01'1111011 hlllOrpO!iI\~11 IIl1fl n(llIheoll' both t\", opll1lons of ,I lid go MeOownl1 alld "f lho Spoch\1 Mll\IOr, pilrl of which II\IS "'Iol'h ' oIl by.Judgo McO/Jlv,\n, Nollhor .I\\\lgo lYleOQWi\ll 1101' tho Hnporlol' Call!'! pl\l101 ePlIslllol'ccl Iho' pOtion of Iho Spoclal MIISlel' opinion thll\ WO\II<I havu gralllod II now Il'lal bMod IIpon Iho "sl\bslal1tlal foelOI''' chllr8u, lIy 90 <loll1g, Iho SlIpol'l' 01' COI\l'\ PI\l1ol'llllisod II Chilli co 10 1\11'. thoI' tho 1'01l801llng o[.Judgo Schill or III Jeter v, OWl1il,con,llIg fihergotl Celli", dls. oussoll IIhol'o, Thc ponlol\, of tho spoellll \1I05111f ol'llIlol1lhll\ woul,1 ha\'ll gmlllc<\ II 1I0W !.filII ISlIlQ bosl' for Iho. following nrgument lorcfornl ~lO "subslal1llnl fnc. 101''' chol'go 80 o. \0 olllnllmtc from \ISO " IJ10 101111 "suh91111\1101 n\CI.ol"l,nll"80Ihol', 111\1\ IIIR(Olld uso Iho <lollllltloll5 of "1111 1I0lllllll'01l1 frlCtDI', 110\ 110gllglhlo, II1I0gl. I1l1ry, 01' fllnclflll factor, 1101' 1\ fllclol' hllv- IlIg no cOllnocUon or 1111 Inslgnlllcllnl eOl\lIocllOlI," BBJI 3,~!Q , looonl Onll80 Suggos\od SllIlIdml JU!Y Ins~"cUolI (S~ll) (CIvil) 3,25 ~lalosl In ardor f,lI' \ho 1'IIIInllO' \0 1'0CllI'01' IlIlhls enso Iho dofondolll'. condllcl must havo boon alubstlll)Ual ["ctor III bringing abonl \ho ((eeltlelll, This Is Wllll\ Ultl Inw I'uculinlzlls ollogl\l CIIOSC, ^ SUbSlal1llal fnclo! Is nn 1I0\llill, roal' facI"!, allllo11911 tho I'esul\ nll\)' hllVo boon 1l1Ius\lol 01' 'llncxpocto<l, bill 11 Is nol IInlln"81' 1101')' or fallolfol fnclo! or a f"cl<)r havlhg 110 CPI\I1Cct!oll 01' only all loslgn1llqnll "OIIIIOellol) II'llh III" rl~~IIIClI~ (F.IIlI'I\IIsh \"lllol\) flllldlll11QIIIOI, com mOil SOIlIO IIIS\\' "l'ponlulllng 1'0sl'onslllllllY fOl' 1\11 (l"ltlClII crulllng 1'01'1011\11 11111\1')''''''''' Tho chnl'go rolnlu8Clll\slI\lonIP Ihe hlll'l'ol\lng of thl! (lcd/lelll, I\llhol' 11\1111 to Iho IIVI"~ Dr \0 11\0 /,oml' WIWro cIIII'l\llo1\' o[ 1\1\ ill/Ill;\, (IO\lhol' lhl\n ,Iegl'ae of 11\1111)') I. III \U\IO, 1\ Is \Il1noC':'9111'1I)' 1,01lflls11I8 tn Chal'gll IIJIII)' Ihlll II phlh,l1ff filII I'llCOVI11' nnll', If ho pl'lll'11S thnl Iho Ilofcl1r1ant', noglluuneu 1"\llsorl his "i'VIl"'''' 1'01' o~lllllplo,l" II I'<,al' ond IIccldolll whoro Ihe 1'lll1nllO's 1'1'11\, ell'al llOll1 1'11\1111 , In l\Cllllllnl1 10 ml\]or '!!1111l', Is a SOVOI'IIll~(l of \ho ol'llc \]Ol've, tho JIlI'Y Inlgh\ woll \>01101'0 Iho (\ofCl1cllll)l Iu be 1I0gll. COllllo\IUI! onpUUQ 10 Tho COl1lmenl IU SSJ! 3,25 Stllles hI 1'111'\1 'TIl<l"I\hSlIln\llIll'aclol' 1\'91 hll.\ bCll\] l,duple'l oxdl\!lvol)' \>)' I hn \\OUII\O' 1110111 11\]1\ h"s hool1 clln,' with al'I'rol'1I1 h)' 1'\'!ll\s)'ll'a!l11l cOII\'l,1, 1\e'lalenWl1t (Snconll) nf '('uns ~'I!\l (a)(]IlfiIl)I II'MOw \', l./if/.l~i, '1!171'11, ""B, 203 M(I 8HO (\070), II IS.II 10s( thaI ell'clll1lVUI1~llho \tSll uf IU!!I\l1y ulllhnlllshull I'hl'l15os, whlln 1(I\II111111ij \hn cl'lll,\l11 rlI91111ctlull IlelwuUII fac\\\1I1 CIIII'C 1111<1 logal CI\IIIU, II Is ,\1111'\0111111 dll'cCI, al1(1 101ll'CI \n IheJ'.!l)' Whlll, lIf1el' 111\, Ii lIS " KfLA a{lds a new , perspective to YOllr" state , . . aSSQClatloll .luelubership " When YUII JC1Ill/\1'J,A, you'll IIfl"I' Il~~'!' IllmOlUIClIllo yout 11f(lfcl.lol1llnelwofk. t l:thIDl\llolllllumln.n "YOUf t'll'l!llll1ll1l l111110111 01 ^tlvo~.QY (U1\lto rCI1QW"ell Itloll,wrlt.lll k"p.YO\lt lmilwlilllao "111 ,Idllt il\ \OpfUtlll' . ATI.'\', dh'eclllty, AnIUl'_1 ind WInter C6I1Vfllltlfllltt IllIlOIl\hr Sullo"., _1111 l.l11glll!ul\ Offlllll' cOl1nlel YOII wllh &6,000 1II0mhllU 1\1'1l1llltllhe wotllt te~dy 10'...111 )'ou on. OU\I. t YOI\ un .hllllt, I'"hllo polley Ihreu.h A IIrOIlI ''''\0".1 "Ql~. uI'tuenllf11 YQllt hlltrHIt alltl YOllr QUill'" ..lshU, i You'll Ilay on Iliff olllllll' titlle-wllh i\~.ttt. lYhllllng TlUM.llU~l\IlIle lIllIt ',Cltl.' n'I"",or, Cornhlne thi tltll1Slh Q( yoUt UIl'e anti loc.lI1I1IW(It~ wl\h ATLN, fIItOtltcU, To.uher. ,htillllelfl YOII.tIII YOllt I'r~t111o' I.. I "h,,1o "," U,hl. c.1I000-12401121.t 2,OM6I,I500, "I, 6111..I.y, ~4U4 '1'h' ExclullglI, ATl.i\'. .~eluUV6I11II.lIoll "'III1Ut! tCl''rlcc. I ell YOI\ Cltllalll cau tIOOIl. ImllU ftnllllllhllrhlt01h""-lIl1l"UW III, ''01111''1, illilllU " , . S\\l?~ll\nl\nl far-Inl' C~nlll1l1elllroll1 9 genl, \llll 1\01 1'01pn\1I\111e for Ihe I'lnh1\ln'l hllllcll\e$l. Ne\'lIl'\holoss, Ihll I'I~hlllff woul(1 hu 111111111"\ 10 II \'11 1'111 cl, 1lllho\lgh HI'I'iulr 1\111111\' I.hell hi U1II0\l111, To ~\'01\1 Iho pos. slbllllY of cOllfusloll III IllCh l\lU'h 110111, c~USllllt11\ of IIVllIICI, lis 01'1'010,1 to 1110 (1I'cldcIlIllSlllf,'I, cu\,, 111'011111 Ihu cI,ullnHe\,ol'\lolI' of 11111 churgo, ,0,mpI1l'.\ls ~<lt\"'\) l\ostnll!ll1ul1t 01'1'01'15, U(I, 6,131, which 11111 CommUl11 5tMus !s ellell Wllh ilPprO\',I\ 111 \l'i11l1lrr 1', Lpjl'.!h(, 'P17 1'11,'1>18, ~BIl MIl 880 (1070), 15 ~s 1'01, 10wsI g.lB 1, Whl\( COII'lhli\IlS l,eglll Cnll'/' The llelol"5 nl'gllgollt cOII(hlcl 15 II lelJlII C'lllIe of IlIm~ 10 ul1olhlll' If (1\) hll eomhlcl h n $\lb,tnl1lllll fne, " tor In hrlllgll\gl1ho\lllho 1111111\ ~11(1 , (b) thol'o,I51\0 \,\110.01' Inw rolle\'\ng thollelOI' fl'om IIn\llllty bocM,se of lllo IIlnlll1Ur In whluh hi, l1ugll. glll\ell h,IS l'I>,ultctl In the /1'11'11I, (1'1\\1'1111115 ndclc<l) \ Ihe 5\1pl'01l1ll COlin of l'6\1\1lrl\1l\1II\, but nllo.lllIlol Ihnl It Is 1\0lll1flllllb\u, UI\I\ 0\11\01'IUI ol\ly II' ~I'prolloh, /ii" ~i\3 (\,2<1 ~I 80'1, 1\'liiHI,'r~l'pl'o\'CI, \JlI\.(\oc, 11\11 11<101'1 6'1!1\ of Ihe l\e.I'\lclll"1I1 11$ the I~\I' of 1'\'""$)'11'11"111,1\$ h h,L$ willi I'CHiII'<I IP o1111H' Ilc.\1I1clllCnl '11<"11111' ,,,ch ,I.' tho 11(101'1101\ ofScetlol\ '1O~'\',1\'hh qlllll. Il\eilllnll" lIS Il1u'I\'I\(IIII'(\ 1'01' )'l'lllhlel$ lIal>III\)', /.lflll<'I'iI~ II, 1II"II<I(v {,'(I"'lller (:ml', , ,\tI2 \"1, 811, ilil7 I\,~'I 80i\ (\\175)\ tltl<IIVUO e, 11{l(dl /lro(lw/c, CO'I '100 1'11,''''17, 30\ A,~II 1020 (078), III frlcl, \W"II"I' !lll1rJllOtl II 1'''1'(\1''1 b,lSll<\ Ilpoll II "h~rgo Ihl\l Inchll\<,,1 bOlh Ih(J II'I'lII! "'"1,,1111\' \11\1 flle(ol''' ~ml "PI'OXI1ll11Iu cn!!'U" III ~Pl'\lu<l I" Ihu flce/dr/iI, 110\ III tho 11<1!1'~ ld" 9,09 J\,~(I III 805, TIll' ca,'o of {'OrrllJ,,Iiffiic',,,illpr,l. cltoll , hi Iho rOlllllll Ca'" oCMel' e, Owm"(.'1I/11' /Ilg NbcIg{m, 511pm, <1005 1\01, 11!5I1ggll!!' 011 In jelel, Ii<lopl 6'lill of Iho 11c'\lIle. melli, bllt 11Ithor clIo' 11111I11I'1' c, Lojl.fM, whlo1\, I~S n<?hld ~bol'o wn.s II "n'o 1I\1'0\v- IlIg Cll\l'llIlol1 ho\w(JulI Iho lIoglIgenco 011t! tho (Iedrlelll, 11011110 Ilnl1l~ 1'01',1 ",Jcf' fllel Wll5 hlolf ~ el\so of cO(IIMlnl1 'b~lwoolI tllu IIl1egod llollnlll of tho (Iufun<llllllllll<l Iho oCClIrrUIlCe of II 01'0, lhe weir/ell I "lu<luPOI1, with II" ISS\le, IlS 10 wh"ulol' Iho 1\1'0 olllllo<l Iho hlll'lll, 81100PRto,I Rllll1tllll1 Tho "5\lh$llIl\\lnl factor" ch~rgo frOm 5~1I 9,~t, I, gll'ul1 by l'onnsyll'~nill \1M ontlrt.s In lul'IU' ol'''lIcl:ldoll\'' or /lhlll'm", or bOI1\, with 1I1110 eonllstoncy, O. l'er""lec.1 III tlio 011101 1'01'l0IYod.nboI'0, Tho dl1f\l1ll\on COl\lllll1cd 11\ tho luXl 0I'S~119,25 of ",ub,tllnthll nUllOl'" 151 The Commont to Ihll H05lnton1C1I1 , . -.. IIJ leolloll (Iellll'" "I\lblulntlnl" ns "lIotllllll" IIg11110, Ilnllllo! Ie, 1!1I,lglllOcllIll thlll no ,<?I'IlInlll')' mll1d WO'\IIt\ thin!; 511Ch COli' (\UllllI ClIl150", , SII'I1I1~rly, Helllltc'menl of 1hrts, 2d, g'l~'l, which oOl'erl'the 1\llIcllons of the oou1'\ nl1l1lho .1\\1')' wllh \,ogill'd 10 'OIlUSll' lion, II III Illl'lll,\,of"hlll'm", Tho cOlll'l doeldes whelhel' lhqro Is II JUI')' Ilslle ll1I , to \\'helher Ihe coodllct of thu dufolldllllt IIILS boon 11 IIIhsII1I1IInl fllc, lol' III cllllslllg thll hUl'm 10 ptlllnllff, If t\le Com! 50" doclde!, the Jury (\elermhI1l5 whuthol' the dofelldnlll'5 COil' new trllllln KrOll/iii duc,t hll.\ heell ~ 'lib. Ulllltlnl fnctor 11\ CIIIIS. Ing UlO h~ml 10 tlie plnlnllff, IVilllllt'J'v, J.lljl.!l<i, IUP'", doel nOKllowt. I/clge lh~t lho IloSllllOl1Illllt of Torts, 2'\, g<l31 hILl beell cllod nlld I'ollcd "pOll hr ,\ 'lIb'lllllllnl fllCIOI' Illlnl\clllnl, l'e~1 I'll 0 I 0 \' , IIhhough tho the '1'I11Ult mny hnl'e bee II 1111\I5Unl 01' 11l10KI,eoted, buIll suotnn IInnghHII')' or fllllolful fno. tor, or II fnolor hllVh,g 110 cOlllloclloll Dr, only nil 1IIIII\I,II11:nl\I 'collllcctlon with the nceldunl, OnJunc'14, Supc\iol' Coltl'llllTIl'med Judge McGowl\n's clcnlrtl or 1\ 'I'h\' (luOl\ltloll of "5\1\"1'"11111\ fll\:lol:" III Ihu COI\IIIWIII to ti'I~10f tllll\\el\l\\o, m~l\! (s~oml\l) ofTol'ls III No! lIu~IIHlh\l!, nll'\ lIut Illlllilgllll\. , calli thlll IIU Ol'llhllll)' 11I11\11 \\,011\11 Ihlllk IllclI colldlllllll ('lIlt,IO, Thu \Vol'll' "S\lbslllntllll" 'hou\<I bu lllhllh\li\(:(1 nllogulh"\', 1\lld 1\" d"n111110\l ,IS ,uI 1'01'11,111 Ih" l\llSt1\lClnont (sewn(\) '\lbllll\lto(l. Thu ehlll'H1' Ihoulll cOlllllln \he following \\1lh \'ugHI'I1 10 logll\ unll'ol ' , 'Iii 11Il tho lU!lill cllUln Iho 110\ or llmlssloI1I'Ollll'li1I\l~~\ ofll\\1S1 \'0 1111 ~01\11I\ I'cl\l f1lelo\', 110\ 1\ lIeg1\glb\u, . hllllUlllill')', or fl\l1clf\11 f~UIOI', nO\"iI fll<:\Or hlWlllg no 1'01]1100\1011, or 1l11l}' \1\\ 1IIIIijl11110li\\I CI111110e1\011 . with Iho IIICh\olll cOl1lpllllllod of, ~lIch Ilil \i1l\1'\10110\\WOllli\ bo fnr loss oonfll,lm, to ~ .1111')' ~1111 f~lrol' 10 Iho .. plnl\1l1ff, 1\1 11(1(1111011, UIO 10gl,1 CI\\lIO h]!lnlc- tlol1 Ihould bo IlIn\IOII, 1\1 S!\II 8,25 \1 wrlttel1 11\1\\ ~1ln1yzetllll Ihe Commont, 10 Iho oonnoellol1 botweol1 1I1O nogl\. g"lloo \I\1<1lho Illlppo\111\8 of lllu "~C9I, <lollt", 11\1(11101 IIpp1\o<l, 1\1 III Ruslllle. \I1ont 6431, 10 UIO conl1oo\lO\\ bo~veon Iho 110gllgonco 11l1d Iho "hllml", Tho ,IUl1mgo ponlol1 of tho chllrgll WOII!tI COI'OI' "1'0,"\1hI8 1'111'111"" wlthlhu bllrdO\1 bulllg simply proof by 1\ prQl'o\\del11l1ee of tho ev1<1cllcothllllhu h~rm I'olulted 1'1'0111 Ihe Incident, ,)\11')' I'erdlc\.! WOll1\1 ho 1'1111'111' n!I(1 milch lesl1\!;uly In I'oqull'o l'o5Hrlll\jlldlclI\lllllOnlloll of the lype III tho 011101 reviewed lillOI'll, A.s l'ub\1I1I1I Syrlls noted VII'7i 8111'1'1\, I" 5), "Ihu. Impol'tllnl thing ~bo\l\ ~ny word Is how lthojul'}'] IInllurltnl1dlll".,)\\Iiol ul\dor- 51111](1 ","bslllnlllll" out of proplltthm 10' Ih" I'ilthur 1l11\11111~t deflnltlol1 of the llellatomonl, "Sublllll1t1l1\ 1'110101''' II n IUl'm bo}'onel hOll" lI\lel I\\I\sl be Jell\! 10\1od,.Joro1ll101\ 8111\\h'IIOll choice of wordlll1 hll Hl\rvnl'd Lnw Review lll'tlel" V,ler, SUI'I1\, n, 2) l\lu cllusod enough 'confusloll nlld uI\I\\sl relltlt.!, 11,q 101'111 SUIISTANT1AL l'AarOI\ IlIo\\leI b~ s)11Iho1\cnIlY Sluffod Il1to PI1 empty OK)' gen cilnlslor o\1d 10'led all' the North 1'1100 or F.l'cl'eil, 'i, ,. , " 11' " " " ;1"'" \ " " ~ , , 'It, " "t I'll' , '" ~"~'~ ,,' I ',I' , i " '1 " l~' I: .' l)"\. .'1' . h~, t ,. / ~~-'" '\ .~' ,.t,. ,,' '\ t"h' " '~ .. , , " I"l,l .j: 11 , " " ,1, .,,', , ;I{ I, {I -Ji.- ~i I _ _'I~ , it c i ~J 0,4,;_, '," l:./f' '~'I t~"/ \ !J -.?' ftJ' It.. ~", .\~.( ..;)~/. ".~" '1 " -t ' , !.~, ,.,1 'cl'>1""'4 iF', /l'r /.. , \iif' , "., f~ " " H ,," ". , , " t ,~,; i,' 'Vlj~\\i I " 'j, ," II " '. ,I':. Ii' I " ,I \ \1, " .' 'Ii ; .r' ,," I1hlll1\II'I'H ('\lliI1I1UIII1I1Y IllIulIlPII\1 Ul'l1l1H UXl\lIlhw Pul~nlllll1l 'II Illllll\ll\)lliIl1lollll\llllll1uPI' 1,lill'I'V110U II, 'I'hl 111\\11 I, Hu,P, bllllud \111I1111hu \l\\I\l\1VI' Ill' IIII\UII IIIHIIi'uqlioIWY III' PI', Thlhl\lill'lI pl'lll'hlllll! 111' ~UI'I'I\1UII lill' 1\lllIllI\u 1111111,1'11110\1 ('IlI11PIlI1)', llul~l\dlll\l'1I111111iI'UI', Thp pmp\lHU Ill'lhlll III IlllllHjl\' 1111\1 "PI', 'l'hl\11\\11l hl\~ I\UIlIlIII1I1I1W I'ullllllllwhlp 11'1111. AlllIllllll IIHilll'lIllCll \Jlll11plll1)', \110 1i1l111U U\lll1plll1)' II'hll II1HlIl'od Pulul1dllllll1l111 pl'upll1'Vd Ihu phll\Il1!l'Ilphli Ill1d (!ill1l1\l1U lllllll11l1l\Jllplll1 Wllluh 1)I',Tillhll\III'lI \liill1l1111 III \1I1I1Ud, IluI'ul1dl\\H'1I 1\11\'\1 1110\111 11111111111 111 111111110 lIuul,ll1g III uxollldu Ihlll Uylllul\ull, Pllill1l1l'1illilu lilIIlI'UIIIl\1I1HU, " " 11 . ISHI JE I'Hl\HENTlm: Wm:TlIlCH ICVIlHcNclC OF UH, Tlllllt\lIl,'I"H HI'lHVlq.:H I'i\lll1lY UICli'ICNIMNT'S lNH\JHt\NCE COMI'i\NY IH. t\I>MIHHIlII,N TO PI~(}VIC IIlt\H, MUT1Vlc t\NI>/(m lNTlclmsT IN '\'It;HTI",VINc; ",OH I>ICFENIMN'I"I Hl\llllulllud ^lll1lwr 1111lw p611111vu, "I' III D1SCWiSloN: i)uI'Ul\dllll\ uhl1l1ul1gulI \hu I\dl11ll1l1l11II1\)' or u\'ldul1cu Dr PI', 'l'hll1l1\lll'lI sOI'\'II)UlI wllh AIIHll1to IIlHIII'lII1UU u01l1jll\l1t\11l111O gro\ll1dll t,~lll\lIl1ld evldolluu WOllld I1e Il'l'uluvlU1I" 01' Ihu jll'~.II1~IIc1l\lllIIIIII'U ol'';lIuh ul'ldul1ul' 1I'11\lld Olllll'ulgh Ihu pl'ohll\l\'u l'II111C, II III IIxlol11l1liu 111.111 Ihu gOl1ul'lIlmlu 11I,lhl1\ 1111 l'ulU\'1I111 c\'ldullull IHlldl11lslIlhlu, 1lllll'slIuxollldud hy lU1Dlhul' I'll III , h',g, 1'1\,IU~, 402: 11111I1lll~lw:k, '~3() I'll, 551,610 A,2d 44() (1 1)1J2); Qurks, 1I1I1I0~COl'p,,, 3611'11, 60~ (13 1\,2d, 35 (11)49); COhllll x....f\lh\l1'1 El.JJ..:ililln tvludlcnl ~'UI1l.!!J:i 405 I'II,HIlPCI', 392, 51)2 1\,2d 7~(]( 191)1), ClP/J(!O/ elL'//, 52\) I'n, h44,6021\,2d H55, (191)2), Ulldol' I'll, IU,: , 'III, llvldul1ull ol'whclhul' nllll1dlvldlllll II'nll 01' 11'1111 Ilot I,.' . "111111'od llglllll~lllllhlllly IH 1101 ndl11hllllblu oil thu 1IIIIIIllOl' 110gllgl'l1cu, IlolI'el'lll'iI{l1le,~111 i!IIUII nol I'uq\llru thc eXC\\Il1illll or ul'Idlll10ll nI' Inlllll'lIl1UU 1I!!1I111111Iltlhilill" \\'h011 on~l'ud Illl' 11l1t1tllUr pllrpose, ,.' '; ,., . 1I11uh liS "111'001' or ilgullO~', oll'lllll'lIhlp. 01' I'I\lltl'ol. Ill' hlllll 01' 11I'l'.Il1dIUll or II 1\'1 IllUlIlI, " ,pII,R,n, 411. \)ul'onlllllll uOllu~dulI thlltllllld o\'ldlll1ue III Udllllslllhle 011 thu IIISliCII or hlllll.lllllllWlIl1d/lll' IIl/CruIII, I 1 IIWU \'0 1', Del'olldnlll ultll'lI thu "pollu~/lli'HlII0411"l1l1l1l1thlll'lt)' townrds \lIU Jll'(l po II I lion lhnt 1'0lCI'CIlUU , , . ./ I'., " , I' I\lII\H\II'IIIWU 1lIlllIllIl1IllIlilhlu, Pllllllllnh'II1'\! 11I\llllnil\'l\IIl'~ Ihlll "1'\l11I!)'" I:lt'\ullilu\1; Ilw 11\11111\lul\l 1\1" I'II,I~,I: I'UIII\tIIlH' 1\111\111'111 ThlH I'Illu IH IdulIll\1111l\l ,",Iloli, .111 1I11111t1 \~III\IIIHIUl1i \1'1111 1'~I1I\HYI\'(1I111l IIII\' Ihlll Ul'lllul1uu \II' 1I\Illll'II1l\1u IIHI)' b~ mlll\llIud, 1I\1IWlllllll1llldl,I\IIIlOI\W I1l'u.lll\lIullll un\J\~I, II' Ihu ul'lllul\uo 1lll'ulu\'1l111 \11 PI'PI'\.t 111\ !llHlIU 11111\l1' 111111\ 11\IullUUI\uu 01' 1I'I'1ll\gl\II U\1l\dIIPI, li,g" lluuuhll'\I\ldli /l1)'II\IJ Hul'l', 1', 1\11111111111\111 ('\1I1II'IIUIII\L\ ('\1I'P" ,'Hlo! PII, (11 H, ,\7(1 1\,211 ~50 (I()H;I); 1'1'100 \" Yull\111' ('lib ('\1" ;1,1.1 PII, 511, 27H I\,:!d led (WIll (1'l\lI'lIl1lyl (u\llIuoll1llJ 111\IIUII): Flullluhl1ll\l1l', l{ul\dll1l!, ~HH i'll, I H~, I ~O A,211 '121) (1957)1 L'\1plI~,1 \" Ilulll'lIl I'lIbllHhll11l ('II" ,171 PII" 51U, I):! 1\ ,2\1 177 (\l)S2): MoCl\1\vIlI1V,PUl'lll1l1hll'u 111111 ApIlI'lI\1UI1II1, 27H I'll, HIIPI'I', 221), '120 1\,2d 51.1 (I ()HOll ,Illl'y \" Null' Ypl'l; l'ul1ll'llII~,I\, ('11" 1(17 PII, SlIpUI', 2.14, 7.1 1\,2115~ I (I ()SO), 1\11 \l'llh 1111 u\'IIII'IWu, ul'ldul1uu l1\1t UXUllldu\1 h)'lhlll1'\llu 11111)' \10 UXOhldl'U llllllul' PII,I~,n, 40~, 1.111111111>' III mhlllllud 111 Ihlll UllllU, 1111 1I1OI'U IIII1P dllllll~1' IllIIt l'u!'Ul'ul1uu III 11111111'111100 CI1I1 uvunbu mlmlllud \1lllhu lilHI\U Ill' IIl1hlllly \II' WI'Il11gl\II Ullllllllul. pul'ul1ll1111111 ullu 111'11 OllHull, 11lIl1wl)' iliU~ Kllllol'I;M91\.2d l)l)(j'(l'il,H\IPUI', 11)1)4),1\1111 e.hlllh21U'...sullllollhul'l)ul', 5~4 1\,211 1075 l\111,HIlPUI', I ()H711\11' Ihul1' 1ll'lllll11Ul1t Ihllllllll\1I'I1I1uU&vlllul1c'u III 11\1llld11l11l1lIhlu, 1'IIlII'u\,cl', Ihullu UI\HUII IIl'u uluml)' . 11111 nlll1nlnl. 111 Dilllu, PII\II1III'I' hl'\.IlIgllllll\Wdllllllllll\lpl'l1Clluu l\ullnl1, 1l1l01111\l\ l)ogllllulluU 1\l1\llnol,pl' Il\lbnnulI l,inl\lIol1l, Al 11'11\1, l)ul\ll1dlll1l l'ulldll1l11U,IIII')' IIll h\l\ll'l1wd CIlIlIIUI1( Ibl'ln, wl1loh ulll1lnll1lld jl. . ' ,. 1\ Huutlol1 whluh IIlllhol'lzud I'UIOnllll.nI'I'~Ulll'dll In pnllUI\I'lIlnllIlI'lIIlOU UOl11plll\y Illl' pn)'l1lOl\l, Al\wr this Willi .\'Und,'Plnll1l1l'l"1I n\l(;l'I1uv 1\111\011 Ihl' n 11111111'Inl. This WlllldUl\lud, Vlll'lllol \\'nll l:ul1\lurud rm t, ,. DOlol1dnill,l\\ld 1111s(-\l'lnll11nllol1l1,nled hy 1'IIlII1tlt:i'wul'll dUl1lo,\I, ThurOllnul', I'lnllllll'l'uppulIliJd,1ll111 (hu SlIpurlOl' COIII'( uphuld Ihu Irlul cllIII'I'HllunHII ol'l11ll1l1'lnl. '1'110 Supurlol' Cmll',l rol'ul'lJllcud lhu Ihul tl\llll'lull1tll'l"~ Ul1llllllllll'uvlulI'cd Iho Ill'f'ul\dltlg l\inn hollll'U thu J)ul'ul1dul1l lI'nll nllllwud In I\'lld \(,ul1d . . ' , , , ' Ihu rul'urul1uu Willi 110 IUl\gel1tlul Ihut thu SllpUrllll'COlIl'lOpllWd Ihllllhu.ll11')' II'nllllll111t hlll'O gnl\U 11110 Iho dollhul'illlol1' 1'0ol11lhll\l,ll1g Ihl1ll'hlll\lli'i'wllllld he gollll1g II dlluhlo IWOW!')', !.lu1J..u III ulonl'i)' dlslll111lllshllhlu, Flrsl ni' 1111. thu II\Hl1I'UI1CU rul'uI'Ul1eu WIIS 10 tho, ,plnllltlf'l"s 11111\1I'lIl1uU COl11pl\11)', IIl\d thu II'ml1!) IIllllghlln bu prcl'Ul1lcd 1I'lllllho l'ul'ol'ul1uc.lnpll~'I11UI1\ oi'l1ludlold UXPUl1l1ull hy 11 uolllllornl SOlIl'uo;'I'hlll cluu1'Iy hUll twlhll\g III dllwllh Ihu prusol1111111110, SOl'ol1dl)', thu rcl'ol'ol1uc 10 11111\1I'I1I1UU 11'1111 1101 tn IIIl11W bltlll, hili 111111,11 ulIlIlIl1l l'clcrul\lJc 011 II uOllllCl11 Ib 1'1\1 , 111\ " ',. , ullllOl\lIl11 doulnl1ulII to Ihu Dulcl1110 or Ihc l1ugllguncu IIl1d IlIc" nl' 11\1\innud u0l1sUll1 oll\lInll hy thu , ' . plllll1lll'1', 1I1111111y, tho,IlVldul1uu \VIIS 1I1101l'0d 11\, IIl1d IlIu ollllllllpllcld \('11 udmllllllnll, . I.II,uwlsu, !Jol'ul1dllnl's l'ullul1uu Oil J1illllPli ISl11lspltloud, 111,l!lillllllli, (hu phdl\t1I'1', Sldl1llY I" " I' I'hilllplI. \\'1111 Inllll'u\1 11111 11\\1101' \'Chl~I~lIccld~1I1 \Yllul'ullllw\\'I.\IIIII'IIHHUIHl~1' III dul\Jl1dl\lIll~loll!11'\1 , ~v1HlL\lIhu1'Ilul"H \'ulllllll)." I )ul\JII\hlll\ I\llulllplUd 10 PI\IIH II II I PII' Illill'IIl1J ,"uhllllu 11\ Ihu OPPPIIIIU IIIIIU 1\1 , . , Il'IIl'ul, 11I1\lllllIIIII~d \\'llhl~II)' 'lpllu!!I'IlVU'ul'ulliclu, 1\1 \1'1111, MI', 1111lIul!l'Il\'C II'IIIi IIl1liUllllbllll1 Ilw dllllllll!~ III hili. \'Chlulu, Illld IWl'upllud "( 11\, IIWII1Hlll'lll1\lU UIIlIlI1I1I1)' 011 II I'd Illpll1llud 11111) 1," I )ul\J1I1I1I111 lll11vud Ihl'lIl1111111'11I1. whl\lh WIIHdul1hal.i\i'lul'lIl'\Jl'dlulllll'nV\lI'Pi'\lw 1'11\11\\11'1', dul'ullilillllllppul\lull, Tlw H\lplll'l\l1' C'IlIlI'II\l!lIlnllplwilllhu 11'1111 111\111'1 'Ii l'ul'illllll'I\I[III\II111 1111,1111'1111.11,1111' \hlll Il11pll\1111 11l111W Ul\lIu III hilI' III 00111\111111[1, FlIl'IhUI'l11\lI'~, lIH.thhll'IIIIU ulllllbllllhulI, 1\1 bu 1111111'0pul'I)' 1IIII11hl(,d; I'UI\JI'UIWU tll II111\1I'IIIIUu 11111111 hu Irrulul'lIl1tlll1\1 pl\lJlldlll\lIl' whluh II IHllIllll1lhli! UI\IIU, FlIl'lhul'llllll'U, Pul\Jmllllll ~1\uII liP 1111IhOI'II)' Ihlll'rul\JI'Ui\OU III IlIlllIl'lIl1UU Willi hulll \olw l'u\'ul'lIl\1lu ul'l'OI' "'hun lhihllll~' Willi IIlhnlllull. Thu I'lIlu l\lld l1ul1l1l1)'I\'1\1\11I IIIII' 111'0 cIOtll': uvldul\~'u'ol'llIlIlIl'IlI1UU III 1I\1111111111\1lu III IIholl' blllll, Ill' pl'~JII\llou 01'1\ 'lI'hnulllI, IIl1uh 1111 \1111 \1ull1ll"olTul'ud h\ Ilw Ullllu ,\'llhjwlll'C', Pul'ulI\lnllll\llIO i\I'lJII\Jlllhll\ 11I1I\1I'I\I1UU uvldol1uo Iii Il'l'ulu\'lll1ll\nd/lll' thu pl'uJlldluill1 ulTuol 01' (hili ol'illul1uu 1111101 nll\\\'ullJlwd h)' Ihu pl'obl\(I\'O \'lIll1u, IIl1dul' I~\ilu "0), The uvldul1uu III o,lu\lI'I)' l'uluVI\l\I: 'l'holhullhl\l PI', Thlhl\\lh olTU1'1l ulll1l1l1llll1lJ \olho 1I11111nllluu IlIdIlHII'Y 0111\ l'u[1111111' hl\lIll1, IIml III pl\ill by \hu III1I11U 1I0\ll'uU Ihllllll'ul\tUlI thu \'CI'Y phOIOlll'llphH IIl1d ulll111111(Ullhu I'ullull \lplll1lol\ll'll1 hili llpll1lol1H III olul\r1y l'ulUl'lIl11. I" 111'1110 1'\1111 I'll, whllO Pul\Jndlll1( llI'llllUII thlll Ihu ul'ldul1ull 1II IHIIII'U III 1l\\ll'opl'~J\ldlull\l \1\1111 Pl'\1hl\lI\'O, IH'(lllIllll\dl11l~hlhlu \llldol' 1'1\,ltH, <1m, Pul\Jl1d\\llt dOUlllll1( 1111)' hilII' hu III pru.lHdlu~\1 h>' Ihu IIdl11ll1l1lol1 ol'lIllcll u\'ldol1uu, 111 llrdur III uxultlduuvldul1lJU \1I1\lur tho Rl\lo <Ill) h1\11I110u, Ihul'o 11111111 ,. d hu 1\ IIhowll\lJ ol'PI'u.lllllluu, Thu pllllu>'buhll1d Ihu 111111hnllllllhllh)'llrII\H\ll'IlIluU Ull\'UI'lllJU III I1l'u\'Ol1lh)11 or 1\ .I1l1')' III ol'lbdl1lJ 1\ "uol11pr\lI11IHO VUl'dlul" 1I11uh 1\11 1\ II It \1.1I1111 11 whcl'O II pll\IIlIIIT IlHI>' hll\'U II i' 11\101l1101\IIhlu UIIHU pro\'llllJ 1)o1'ol1dlllll'lI 110lJlI!!0IlUU, howel'Ul' thu pl\lllllll'l'lI IllSIIUII uOllld hu p\lld by hl111l1'IIIlUC \ll1d Ihu dul\Jllll\lll\ \VIlIlld 1101 ho hlll'lllOd, "II IllIhllll\' Illlldmll\od, thel'u III 1111 dllli or this. ..' '.1 . , IIlld Ihul'O Ii; 1111 PI'UJlldluu, Illlhul. 1'1\lII1IIITWOllldhe pl'u.llldloutl hy tho Illl\hllll)' \ll UrOHII-UXIII11IIlU 1.)1', Thlhll\111 llll hili hll\lI, PI', 'l'hlbllult I'lllltlllclv Il'lIlllius llll huhllll'orDul'ul1dlllllll 1I1111llJ Ihill SIII11U ,\Iodlls , " "I' ()/"'I'll/Ii/i, Thu Ihulllml hu hllll tUH(lliod l1ulill'O lil1' lhls UlllllPIIl1>' IIHII1!! HI 111 I I Ill' pic'tlll'UII, IIHlllblllll1111llt Vl'1'/J(/111I/ I'Oplll'tll, I\lld will cllllllll\lL' llllClltllY 1I111llbl lhollo \1I\uII elclIl'b' HI1I)\\'1I hlllll, ,," II " .1 ,. " CEJillLaCATltUE HI~ll\1CJ.<:' "I\NP NOW, Ihlll ,JQ.~':::~. \III)' 111' Suplcl1lhor ::!()Ol, I hUI'\lh>' ulll'lll')' 111lI11 hll\'u HUI'\'U\llhu lill'\!~oll\~ !.Il'lul'il1 Hllllptll\llU 10 1\'101101\ !1I1.hnln\!, 1111 \hu.lillltlwll\~\ b)' 111111\1 \lulI\'Ul'>', nddl'lllIHu\1 \\1; AmiI'll\\' l,uhll1l1l1, IiH\lllll'u :24 II Nol'lh Fl'olll HtruuI 1IIlI'I'IHb\II'~, PI\ 1711 () " '1I1\N!lI,I<1H, II\CNN1NCl ~'?; IW~lCNII1CH(j " ,t. " I, ,.1'1." q I' ii' " " " .,I:,!! ' , .. " """ , f; "" I', '. '" " ':t1- ,I I .".l{(,"II\~ , ~.. 'n/. .\ _I_ j, . _ .. i I~ "/~',',~('1 \'~,l ,~ : ,1/".:''\ ' .r,.,c. 'I 'J, \} 1 " ,lv,' " \- i.... " 114.l. I, .~, II J' 'r.'1~ ,:. '."', , " ;(~,t.; ~- :1', j . I", ~u'I.' I'" _ ..1f;\ ~ lf7' I" -t' I", 1(1 . ,~;, ~r, ~_- .", ri -'\1. .,' ,'1 ',! r", I,. .' '~" ,t .! " { tl!~1~')"'I. If' ,.,r, " ,,' " It \,jii , ", I" " " \ ,:{;\;: " I" II 1 ",,1 I( :; :1 ( 'q' I 'I " " " ".1 I' '~ifl)I" " "\' ., u4!:, " ',I 'I' ! .., I' 'I' II ,j I \" It< . " '. .' Wflll nppl'pxlmnloly rJ!lo WfWI\ lil\OI' 011 Sop\ol1'II101' 'l7, 1 non wllOn Mil, Miller sq~lol1\ nwclIool 0l\I1nllon for 11Of.lclnol1cJH, MI'1, MlllclI' nlso fl\nlml 1110\ 011101' IImnl10mlnnlwll, 1'11113 dovolopml llppor 111\01\ pnln nml rnlnlocl 11101 Inlormntloi1 10 11(11' 11OnllllOfwe provlcler, , MprrlOv(1l', n\ 1101' dppolll\lon on Mew n, 1000, MB, MilloI' Il1flloQlod \l1n\ her IJaol\ and nppl\ . WBI'lJ no Ipn[)or opn\lnlllno 10 IJCllllOr 1101' nil of Il1ell tlmo, Flnnlly, Mr, 8111'lWo WFlIl nol InJcll'flrl: f1ncll1ls volllolo onlY sClfl\nlnod mlnlmfll'c1flmfl(J13 If) \110 fronllJclmppl' flS n resull pI till) Inoldennn quosllOI1, :1, Dolondlllll will t1<lmll tl1t1111O WIlS Iwoll~J(mt. . p(Jftm~lnnl will nol n(ll11l\ \l1nl Ills n(1[J,IIool1oo Wflll f.l arl\Jll\lln\lt11 Inotor In om!sln[J \Iw Plaln\lffs' 11 llrl1l , Tl10 nalme nn(1 QX\oil\ 01 1110 Plnlnllfls'lnjllrloll arn lor tl10 Jrlry to rloolde, " 1\, IJefendf.lnt wOflld I'oqllest Il1nt tile pm\los s\lprllt1to 10 1I10,tlfl\l1OnllollY 01 Il1e " modlOfli rooords 'II> wolI nil any vol1lol(1 dtllnQ[Je Bs\lrnnles slelnmlno from tile Inoldenlln ,! qrios\lon, [], , 1~(1I(JndnnlmrIY cnll Hol)ol'l D, Sl1rove, Jr, polendanl may also onllll1e rosponclll1[) polloe offloor, I:,A, WIIlIf.ll1ls, 01 Falrvlow Township pollao Deportmen\, Acldl\lont1l1y, IJolol1dt1l1lmny oull Dr: Lawrol1oo Tl1lbf;1ull, all oxpert In Il1e field of " ,I , '\Jlol1leol1nnlos: Defolidanl does 1101 fln\l~lpf.1le onlllll[1 any oll1er wllno~Se!>, 110wever, IJolendF.lnt d09S reserve 1110 'rloht 10 call Plnlntlffs os 011 Ol'Oss.exE1Inlnatloll nnd anyol Il1e PI<1lnllff's 1100111110tll'0 provldors, G, " (<1) (Ii) Pl1otofJrnpl1!l ollila Plolntlffa' val1loltJ Modlo<1lrocords 01 l-t(JuItI1Solltl1l'~ol1abllltnlloll ", (0) Mmllonl I'apol'ds 11'0111 Dr, 1~lol1E11'd M, Seldow, D,C, " 2 " " ", (II) MI1cllpnl l'<J(]orrlll [r(J1ll OrtI1OIll'lI\lP S\lIlIPPIl!l pf O{'lnll'fll Pnlln!lylvnnln, I-lei, Mmllnnl I'B(lordfl frolll PI', Alnn p, r~olll11lll ,,' (B) (f) (0) , (11) " , (I) " Modlpnl rooordll from Qowlc1Y & AtlBoolntDfl Mr11llotll rBoqrds 01 Ponl1Bylvr:lI1ln NOllrol(J(llot11 AOflooln\os Wnoo roool'(IB fl'ollll3oiJ l~vnn!l Ros\tMnnt Pufonclunt l'osOrV81l tl10 rlrJl1t, to \lClO nB tln oxl1l1Jit flny 011101' " clqOUn18n\S oxol1nnnerlln \110 (l()lII'SO of dlspovory, Pofondnnt 1111S offnl'ocj $1,600, wl1101111ns I)oon I'o)ooted, 7, " 1 " " , Rospeolfully sLIIJmlHoeh " NEAI.ON & GOVER, p,o, ., " ,- ./._,;~-~::-~~//' //,.;;:/'" /' /" '/%''If / y:, ,/..",;" ;<' ?-/-'.- BY" (t:d./;':?''/('t< c.----------..----,......-_ , (, - (, - '_ t----!.-' " " Androw 0, l.ehlllan, Esqlllro , 1.0, II: 01937 2411.Norlh Fronl Stl'eot l-IurrlsiJLlro, PA '17110 , 717/232.9900 Ont~): (S::~(/J' .- . ;, f'". ! ',j il 3 ;' " !i i. ' " 1,1 110 [1\'1': .. U 1''\ ~p ::' I . ""\ 'il) I.,U\.II-If( oU'VI!:":id;i :![;iYl~Ii\IW\. 1\1\11'( .. ", ',. ,. " " II' "" .. if " .. .. " I:, .. " ., ,,', . ~~ '\' ',. ;C-. b; " c:_ ~;. ,"i \":~) .!.~ ,,')':f. ,. II") iI, I ) t. ~ -'. ~ !l:j ( ..) f:'i~ ' l~: <h'-' I )t::)' I\'j " ~ '. I,}( r"t :/;'<Zi ~ ~ '\!. I ..,." [ii' r (. .".-.. f_.-"' 'il\.1.1 S i 1.:.1 It,1 ~- ~ 1 -\.. 1\ (". i'/ [',.I ~';)' t'\j (".':1 CJ 0 :z.. '" ~::,'1 0 ~ " II .~ ':1' " .~ " I. i' I' .. .. " .. .. ',1 " .. " " ,\1 j. " 'j. " .. ,. " " '", ,. " " .. . j" " ~ I ' .' ,; " " ,j,' 'I, " .., ,. ,. ,. " " ;,1'1 " . . Ii . YJmlEl.Q.AIJ.QM , " I~oparl 1),1311rave, ill'" verify 111<11 11113 Slfl\al11en\al11<1cl~.h1 \11~ forel]olnl] AnaWer ma Inle flnd oorreol, 1 ~Incjerstflncj 1111'11 ffllas stl.1ten18nts 11eraln Are nll.1cla a~II)Jecl 10 Illa " .. - , penf1ll1as of 10 PA, Q,S.A. 4004 relflllng 10 ~lIlswo,:n ff1lslflof1l1on to ~\.Ilhorlllos, '71 ,I,. # ,/1 /7/ .' (J . Ll tlt<_d:>(~JA,,!:!..~_ . . Ro )01'1 p, SllroVe, JI', .. ,,'; Pfllod: Ii I' " ., ;, .. ; ," '.' "i ., I. ,. ., j', " " I< '-" H. ",; "" " " ,. j,;1 f,;XP.bANATlQNQf.R[;QUIRI;\l R[;gQRP~ TOI OU610cllfll1 of I'000rc18 For: P.wlcl r~f\llf\I11, MP ANY ANP AI-I. MI:PICAI. IwcORPS, OFFIOi;" NOTI:B,' COHI,I:BPoNPgNoi;, Ml:MOI~ANPUM, INsURANol: FORMS, pr~OGI~I:SS NOTI,S, RI:PORTs OR onll,H pOCUMr:NTS R1:\.ATING TO ANY i;XAMINATION, OONsUI.TATloN, CAHi; OH THI'ATMI'NT, , " PA TJ:!) RliqUIi!)TJ:PI aUI3Jr:c;lTi . &OQIAI.. !)IiOURITY ill PATg OF I3IRTHl Up to Iwlltwlmllnu tl1P PraBQnt I..erl Anl1l'1 Mlllal' . 1 aa,UZ,7Z04 (1-16,66 H :'" , H I' .Ii ., " ,. ," ,. , , 1'1' P .. '-" U' , . " .. " " iI' ,. "~I ,. i' .".,. ,. " ,. ., .. " , ~QRI MI~~I;R E.1ncl~O~IN MI~~I;R PI-AINTIFFS I IN THt= oOURT Of OOMMoN p~I;Aa I OUMJ:!t=.R~ANP OOWNTY, Pt=NNA I I NO, ~!Hi107 I QIVI~ AOTloN. AT~AW I' 1 ,JWRY TRIA\., Pf.MANPI;P v, ROt:lt=RT'P, SHRI;Vt:, ~R, PI~FI~NP^NT TOI , . . tlUaeQJ;NA.I.QJ~JiogYQgJdQ.QIJMgNU. oBJHIN!la ff,QllQ~oov.gaYJ~1!BtiUA tfLtO.RUbl;..dQ!ll!,gg I~allltllllou~h Rahill) . ,. I" . Within twenty (~O) clflYS Elfter a!3rvloa of tills su~)pOenE1, YO~I me orclarecll)y 111(3 Oomt to prOclllo(3, Ihe following doo~ll11(3nts or Ihlng6; SSE ATIAQHgg Ell, the offloeBof NEtellon 81 Gover, 301 Mmllet 81reel, pill Floor, HellTla!Jmg, PA 17101, YO~I I11flY clellver or ill~1I l(3glbll'l ooples of the CIOolll1lenla or procllloe t11lnga , requealacl by. this Subpoena, togell1ei' with the Oertlfloelte of O~l11pllf\noe, to tile party I11fllllng this reqllesl f1t the Elclclress listed flbovl,'l,Yoll 11f1ve the rlghl.10 Be1311 In (.jclVl.1nce the reflaOnflble OOBt of prflparlng tile oopleaor proclllolng the thrnga aought: , If YO~I fall 10 procllloe Ihe dOOlllllents ,or tI1lnas requlrecl Py thlB Sul)poenf:1 wllhln twenty (20) 'clayslafter Ita servloe, Ihe pEH'ly 8arvlnglhls Subpoenfl I11ElY s,eell EI OOllrt .,. , Order oOl11pelllng YOll to oOl11ply with It. This SLlPpoel1fl WElS IBBllecl at the reqllfJsI of the following person: OhrlstophElr J, I<nloht, Ssqulro 301 Mllrllot Stroot, glh Ploor Harrisburg, PA 11101 71M32..9900 , Attornoy fo,r Dofendant IW THE OOURT: . DA TI?D:~_';;e".J.C)()O Seal of the COllrt .,~""'\~ . ~tc -., 1.) ~ ' ~.. _a:'lt.- .. 'I~F OTHONOTARY ," ~. . ~_~2.7p~/~ . :. 1.1 I heRI MI/.,l-RR flnrj ~OHN MII-I-RR PI-AINTIFFS V, 1 ,IN 'THF QOI,JR'f OF cOMMON P/"RAS I cUMt:lI=RI-ANP OOUNT'(., PJ;NNA I , I NO, Oa,fi1Q7 . I OIVII- Ac'l'loN ,AT I-AW I I ~URY TRIAl.. PJ:lMANPRP RO~f=RT P, SHRRVFI ~R; PI~I:r:NPANT " mJm.e.gllliAI~eRO!;lUo s..lmo UMgN:r~OILTHINg,a ' . .EO,BJ2lliC R'lla!1Y...P-.lJ.MYliNLTo ..R.b!blUmZ2 . '1' TOI Fllmlly Prllo*IQoAallOolllloll '. Wlthliilwell\Y (20) ClflYS flfter sElrvlqe ofthls Sl/iJpoenfl, YO~I me orcl~rad hy Ihe OO~lrl 10 prod~loe the following dODlll11enls or things: ./aI;UUAQ./igQ flt 1I1e offloes of Nl'lfllon & Gover, 301 M<lrllelSlreel, f)\hFloor, Hmrlapllrg, PA 17'101. YOl/ mny cfeliver or 111<111 18gll)le DO pies of the cloo~"l1ents or procl~loe things req1l8sl('ld by Ihls SUppoenf1, togelllar wltll tile Oerllflqflte of OOl11pllflnQe, 10. tile' purty 111111\lng Ihls reqLleall:1t tile flcldress listed fll)Qve, you 1~f1,ve the rl{]hllo seell In fldvf1noe 11113 " ., rOllsonl:1ple oosl of prepmlno the ooples or prodLlolhg the IIllnga sOl/ghl, " If YOLI fflll to prod~loe Ihe dooul11ents or Ih!ngs requlrecl PV tills SLIPpoenu within t\'l'snty (20) clllYs lifter Its servloe, Ihe Pllrly serving thla SLlbpoen~ nlflY Beek 1'1 OO~lrl Order oonwslllng YOLl to f)ol11ply with II, " . ThlsSLliJpoenfl was ISElLlerl.at the reqLlestof!lm following person: Christopher J, Knlghtl 8sql/lt;e 301 Mllrllot Stroot, 9111 FlooI' Hllrrlsburgl PA 17101 717.232.9900 Attol't1oy for Oafonclnnt .,. By THE COURT: DATr:.D;J~y_:u2,~oOO SeEllqf Ihe OOllrt /sLC~~ )7J'-~J4- ip~ClTl-IONOTA Y c:::r-'.' ~'i,-e-- 8. 9p0?A~]!>'d-- :1 " v, IN THI; OOURT OF QOMMON Phl;Aa OUMJ:l~RhANP OOUNTYI PRNNA NO, PP,fl101. CIVIl.. AOTION ,AT I-.AW. JURY TRIAl-. Pt:MANPf:P " hORI Mlhl-RR 1I1HI JOHN MII-I-t:R PhAINTIFF13 ROj:\RRT PI aHRRVJ:1 ~'R, PJ:FJ:NPANT I'lOIlQ.Ia TOI Fllmllv Pl'lIlltllloAsBQolllhlS . .. , . You, flre required to oomplate tile folloWing' Oertlfloflte of Oompllflnoe wilen' " " " pro~uolng CIOOllll1enla or tl1lngs p\lrSllElnt \0 tile 8ul)poenEl. .. il j mmI1ElQATP. OF COMPLIANoe WlTJilllmP-.QJili.AJ.o PROOUOI3 OOOU.M!iliTIiQIUHINGB eURBUANLT.QB.ULI3 4009.23 ,. I, Reoords Cuslodlun for FOl11l1y Praotloe As.soolatlls, oertlfy 10 tile pest of I11Y " knowledge, Il1forl11<1llon !'\lld belief t11t1\all,loo\ll11ents or Il1lngs required 10 I)e produoed pursllanl.lo Il1e S'llbpoena Issuecl on , ' . ----r .. l1ave been produoec!. ,. I" DATg; .. Reoorda C\lslocllall .i ,. " c,q OC1fll 'f~ /;1 fl'\ ~ \ l~J( ,. ., ., "'; "" i<Clb~lt:j ? kl,.0~- ::r";L /~'P.Efo~1 'l6-1sl"tL, J0C,l U04-!'fl..7s ~,~udilCf. JR., '~L fddl~,( Ii ,. , " // L.l', .:1 oc. .(J I '" " " " " , ,. iI' " (') " , , < ; '" ,', " ! , , ! , , , " , /, .' . , ~ ,; , ,. j': ~ , , , " I. I>;') , [ .". -, ) " I 'I ..' " ii' . ~:, I ,. ,.i', !:';! , , " I I " " ,. " ,Ii, n " -,. ~. '18 h; Ir, ,,' <I. {:a :~)'G t~) ~Il ~ , ( ).. }..../ :;," (-}.<'r. ..~. i'J,(," 4L.~ "J;,::) .1)/_ " ( "'.. Ill.:' .,'" 'I'~ '>'j,: N ..,) .. Li'jl.", H~ t5IB 'I r~. i J ! IIJ I... .-:.: d ,,, ,oM. C) C;J " H " , " " . \ ,. L,. ,< ", .\1 " II; ,', , ,. 01' ,. !, '10. ,. If " " II I. " l\ H " " If j, " I' ,. It.; ..,. 1<'1 il, " H I' .. " >I' "" ii' " Iq' " " " d' i., "" '". 'II' ,. I' , I; 'n ,. I' " " " " !- " \1" ,. I,';) PAIi"; Nn"-_~(f..:jfi(!.c..__,___.,_,_ ,_ __.,.. .L~I:j.-/Jld(~l...tll!d"':J(!6tdJIN4!c..._., ~ '? IlIWKWI' Nn,I':,_!(&:,:_~b~) __......_..... ,lllrorll NIIIII~ I," IhIHlhllh,IIIIII" ~II-" '-T{iii'p~TI",IIlhv-llijvhl...._ all MyNtltlMhlllnrWfmlrlr t4 fllphl. 1i1l'"11I1~ ~9 ',PilI', .IVIIII I<' .1'7 III1Wllhvl'f.Vt l''''"Vhl K " Iii Plllhllllllt Mllr.V I'; -I' "m"""~r(~vlIlITt ~r -(l'"lherrlltll\'t1~hH" .111 I"IWJUlIIl;:J1\IIIU,(J . -:-- 1(, I<rIlIl1H, CIlI'I'III1I'; III Nlllhll',l<pllh I~ 411 nnllllhlv, .III$h ,I ~H ""ph, NPIIIllIl ~hhtlutll'hllllth'fl .. 41 .. I\1YPI'~, ,," ITY Ii H III'mllpy, WIIIIIIIIl " , t""':' - -- .. '. -"'-0 ...""-. ..j n, -1+' ... II "1 ,. 'I, Ut-l' ,.."".., a,'Lnl..LU . 2;'1-- URl'UII,-Clllllllluli ~--f/QIf1.;"'mlftll M " 4 VRlltIPllhptll\pll.'lIIl1p IIlIlllpr, .11111111" I<nhlpr, c.I'JI1hlll I, . IIrllhlll.or, ":IlIpIS IIIIIIIIIIIIIt .rll"'c~ It lJll'lph, '\111'11 r,. "III1I1Chl Trllcy I. . 111111101111111, I\1I1Jllloth M MIIII$hllrl\or, ./plrro.v A (lI'lIhlllll, 11111111111 (I Qt2../.ur rt . Mondily, 8"/1t~III"(1r HI, '001 '1 43 41 , 21 .16 22 6 ;1" /1 ',J11l1f1P - PIYll<Il'flIlll ,6j'"lplf ~I . f'IIIII1'1'HWIM Nil" ,~t.':lfL.. Vii ...,j.!~6i.('J-..h,,:iucr}~c'..._..,:rc___.. IM'I'I';I.,.. V.~'dP_P(!.._...;,,__ Illll1r1oll1 No, .mI176191.1 '. '21"'1I117fi~II" '.. f'1 '2fl,)991ii1"fi/i-'-~4 Q.-. \ ,111.I,'4/i(,7I1n "lfI'/27711974 -1('.19721'/('1 -I 462311/i267 ,A ----'--~--'-.----..'m~"1i1l9~1 ~ r ~ --:-TllJl1I~ f;':. \ .IJ/iIl!l4ItlLL 4.3 .f16621 6HH(, .(, 1f1~('~H7 1 -"(i7~069' /i ,4tif172~"311 ----....--.111H3..~37(i'--:---.-, r $ , . '6(i6~/l39H II 9 I "H9,19 -a1l"004960- 311....nm- ~ 'I Uf7l'INlIII .:......../~' 111001271113 104117921111~ --'''_._h._.:''.__.__III~H23/144H , 119HII447H7 1,l7(i41.11114 14161174094 17319/1fi969 176740/1973 17H/l3I1H/I~4 1"63"2 W89 -~-~_. " f.:i<e(I,(~d ---- uY-"t,(rv"'S da~ ,. PA(j(l1I,1r 1 " , ~( " ..\ I,~ . IMU'_ \l1'rl\l~fgll,.tCfJ"'l~".,..,1 .. Pt\NI~ Nn,I_.qf'.:.jj]e2......-.:...,~~_,_.._._. mPIITlIllPI\1 Nn,1 _f:{f1~~ .J.fti--/.llJ.(\!'u.l1'.fLJ(lltd.IL'lkr.__.,. Vii ~..l!~t!t::c.'L,j),.. .'-;/,,'r'l) t' TL._ , lUIPKWl'Nn,I .~!lli:--:/(f..12_m_........,.,... IIt\TI':I_l?~'-..L.e..(?I.__.. , .luror H NrHllP Rgl1l!PI11 Np, ,~ (hl~1'III1~, ""III t\ .~ HI' 7fi I U I ~ "---~~fI-"'-lIn~~,"'hnnlhv,llllvhl, . '~IH~II~fi~lIr" ..., t'l ,'-------.lIti-'--M~NI1I1Mhtll"fW~""y.I,-...-,.,-..'u .. ...,..... ... ."..,-.-.._,.-.-,....1ft~77~n~M\...--._'...(j ~ H . nl~hl, 1i11~"11II~ ,~fI.1M~f,7I1H au 1,~"1',.'~II" II ,111727711974 , . J7, Ilfl~~IIIi~ITV,I'IlIlWlll fI: df,aIJm7fil '111 Plllhlllflh MIIfY 1\ , 14fl1afl~1fl7 P "I I' T'll1,"n3r(~IIn II -~--'-_.-:;-_..._---.._...-.'..,..1111~lIfi!J1j1~ ' I 0( ~ 1.':':--Helllhrl'iI\.IWIlI~hHII-:;--:""'--"-'--_.----;-:n 9'RIJ1)7IiH~-":" /). \ ~- ;III . 1Il\\VIIlQU;:m-IIII,{J _---.----~,_.______~!!fillMIMJ,..--;4-s 11\ 1<1'1111101', CII1'1'nll 1\ . .fiM,1IflHHfi In N"IIIl1', l<oUh.: . 'f"1l1fi~H7' 4ft "rllll1hlo,.'Il~h ,I . 'lIfl7~nfi9111 ~" l'II0k, Nettnll1 ,4fl(l7~~H;I~ 1) -lrlllloll"lmllftl'li ---.-.-.211"3~337C1 -..,.,-.., r ~ 41 . I\1Yol''''!,lIrI'Y Ii .f,Malla9" II "rll,lIbY, Wllllftlll n 119IH"9a9" ~~ "to, 1.,1,'1, -<lilt II . E)<I~1i I',-d. .a(I~0049fl(I' .... -j"" 23':"~-ClMrfOIf1CllllQIW,lol-'_____'__._.'._~-'-~"4~Z'm- ~y f " -- 1\ fUlli;lJel~----- NJ'1.11I.ll58f1-:;--.--~,. ~, 4" V"IlI'ellho,,~ol, ,'",lie I0001Z71113 '7 'lI'!f1lor, ,1111111 f1 llWl79ZHHZ 43 .["Iller, c.llUlt!lL'-L::_______ ,_,_,,,__,,___~'__'__"___h... '" _....,_. __!!lfl~afl44!L 41' nl'lIhnkH, I~thol s 119"0447H7 '17 UIlIl"'"'" ,hIlIlC~ It la7Mlaz04 ;lfl IJh'lchiAllrlll. 141flll7<lft94 11 "nllnok, Trllcy I, 17319fl69fl9 ,(, ll"hlo"",", 1~II/Jlhoth M 1 7674ofl97a ;Ill MII1I8hllr~or, .Io[frcy A 17Hfl30Hfl14 17 <lrnhnm, ItClllnhlC1 IH6JH11Ofl9 ,- " - ....--t- u 1 . Ij '-:T ' !II i! , II, 'J jli '1 Hi iil ~t.d'Llf f\ C()::,'c!tI\t':'5 (:JIG)/ . I, {l I M~hd"y" sIIpteltlbllt,ib, abn 'I'Ilf)IIH111