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HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-00247 >. ... cr -.,1 ~~ .:/ ~,n '),/ , -"c' ; t.!,:,' I_l ()r'; e,f ('d J_t!... I u! ~! (., f!: !oJ I , ll_ Lt. rJI 0 Cfl () n:: LU Z Cl ~ ~ <.\!l < ""j III LLI WO. Gi >< U-I ;z :J U 0: Cl z 8 ~ L.LI < ~ <j" ~ :;; " " ~ it. ~ ~ J: 0> 0> o '" 0> o E; 0 ;.- . ::J:S ~ " Z l/1 N to ~ ~ ~ ~1~5 ;Z ~~. & r;:b:: - 0 v ~ ~ ...., Q In terms of the medical records that you reviewed, was there anything In those records that was significant as it relutes to your overall opinion as to Mr, Hoffman's condition? A I think the - Importance is the fact, as you eluded to earlier, that Mr, Hoffman certainly does - did have degenerative disc disease prior to this accident for actually several years prior to the accident and had had symptoms with respect to his neck prior to the accident and I think it is also important that - that he does have a diagnosis of diabetes which is treated by diet. Q Okay, what's the significance of that doctor? A Diabetes in Itself can lead to all kinds of symptoms, people can get what we call peripheral neuropathies, they can get - they can get burning, aChing pains as a result of the diabetes, And I'm not saying certainly that all of this is coming from the diabetes, but that is something that adds to the equation of this gentleman's symptoms MR. SHOLLENBERGER: Can we go off the record for a minute? MR. SHOLLENBERGER: I respect the doclor's answer but I'VfJ got to tell you that I wasn't prepared to cross-examine the doctor on the issue of the connection between the diabetes and his complaints because that really wasn't discussed in the report, I think the doctor said there was a questionable diagnosis of diabetes but I wasn't prepared to cross-examine him on that because now there has been some further testimony about the diabetes being an additional factor In the equation so I'm going to Interpose an objection because I just wasn't prepared 10 cross him on that because it wasn't really discussed in those terms in his report, , 9. Pa,R.C,P, 4003,5 states: (a)(1) A party may through Interrogatories require (a) any other party to identify each person whom the other party expects to call as an expert witness at trial and to state the subject matter on which the expert Is expected to testify and (b) the other party to have each expert so identified state the substance of the facts and opinions to which the expert is expected to testify and a summary of the grounds for each opinion, The party answering the interrogatories may file as his or her answer a ) Sfl'l[Jl:I'Hlril(il:I\.i/".JJ\I;\JZ/I.IIJ' 1,,~~IJ LJN<il l'.''i hiW~j 1l('All . f' () 1\0:< ,Ji,',I') . H,\HHhlll 'Il( i !"\ ).')'" II',!" i'il r, ~].I .IF.. . ~~\.v, ,1l7. .JqH;!L~ " '-' ''''W>M JO\'NrJ\MD,rAC~. /IlQW\l)J 1lOAL, M D. ~III'.IIT ~ lWII1US, MO. W1Ll.W1 W W1lm1. M 0.. r AC.S. J(JlIM ~ r'IW11ImI D. MO, r AcS, ~U\~GI\IJI\n,MD. 1\ICIW\l) II I\\U.OCJ\ MO. JAM"" n IIV1SIlU\ M D, r AU. /OIP' ot( !"I-lel,'EPIC INSlITL'TH 01' PtJ.NN~'Y1.VANI^ <lI\eQOIIYIlIW1l\,'\,MD. AlZWlllelll\\l.UW\ MO, IWJIIUlf ~ IWI'.M 0 O. 1lQ~\l.l) W ~,MO r AC.S. JMOI1J Urll1l'l. M 0, m;\V1 D WOI./', M 0, lOOK\.'! J,lUOlA M II rf.I.I'WONr., (11117fil,S,~30 . (800) 614.4020 . FAX: (717) 737.7197 January 18, 2000 Richard H, IHx, Egg, 4705 Duk~ Street Harrisburg, PA 17109.3099 RE: Hc.FF(,!AN, RICHARD 1" 700 H~mllr.cn Ave Me:~~nicsburg, PA 17055.0000 163 26 4308 05J:n~01 De3f t,il'. \',!lX: Th.19 18 in reference to RICH;'.RD L. HOFF'I'1A!l v,'}:tm I init151,1, saw in 1..'/ h)p~,)t,. Chcrch F.cad Cfflce cn January 14, 2000 for <5:1 l:o,depencJe:.t.: l-1ed.lcal E;.:arr,i ;,Ea t i en. Mr, Hoff~an is a 61-ye3r-old gentleman. He 19 gerlsrally in good health. He dld tell me that he has been told that he has p:s3~bly b:rderllne d13be~eg. He ......a9 lfiVolvE'd 1n 0:1 Zi'Jtcmcblle accident in t'L5rch cf 19S17, He .....'as drlvin3 a 194 Chevy Caprlce statlon wagon and his car was struck ty a woman drlv~ng a Nissan Sentra, His car was struck on the right rear side and Mr, Hoffman's car was spun arcund, The car traveled up o\'er a curb and then down over an embank~ne;lt, He states be felt liKe the car landed coming directly vertir:ally, that is landlng cn all feur .....heels, rather than nose dC'...-n as the airbag did not deploy. ~Ir. Hoffman believes r.har. IllS car was tra\'el1ng about 30-35 mph, The car r.hat hlt his vehicle may have been doing 20 mph, It was coming out of a side sr.reet, Mr Hoffman believes thlt he was Lmconscious probably from 1.3 minutes. He does "r.ate he was wearing hlS seatbelt, He doesn't really recall whether his head hir. anything at the time of the accldent. He reports he doesn't really recall a lot about what happened righr. after r.he accident, He stateS mcst of r.he things that he can report about are things he has read.or been ~old since the accident. ~le reports that he was taken back to his office, He reports that he wcrks on Gettysburg Road in the ~400 bleck, }he atcide~~ ha~~e~ej i~ tr.e 16 sr 4700 block cf Gettyst~rg RC3rl, He repcrrs he was (a~en bac~ to hi3 officel got a company carl 2lnd actually drove houle. He reports that drive wa9 about three miles but he doeR not fernem.ber much of that drive, The next morning 1'<lr, Heffman did seek medical attentIon at I~echanicsburg Faffilly Practice. He was seen by a female physician. He doe9 not remernL:er her name at thi.s point, He reports that he was evalll3ted and believes he W33 treated initially just with Advil. He reports that ErucG MacKellar, 1'1.D. eventually saw him and did send 11im fer physical tt:erapy first at Seidle. ~!e ~aj a series of ph}'sical therapy viSlts at SCldle alld whell they were no~ sucCeSSflJl, he We!1t to anot.her phY9icnl the:rcl{jY facll ity fe-Jt' further therapy. He reports that tho phygical therapl~t's IJ!Jt !"Jame wa.n either Red Ct' Redm2ln. It vIas a '.~',':m)n. ~)(~~b\'1 trf1' ('~nltwu.l( ~1'~r,H'~1 I Tn ^IlOfl,r..,s .,,1.1 COI\Ht",f'O,'!IlL:1Cr. Tn B;'~ l'nl'I..\I~ ClHmUt 1\\1 \Il (.'.W 11111 n I ;(q I J:A_M.t.1w...L.Qn:t~~_ II.o\KRISIWRG Off'lCl: C"',"1I'llIl.I. nIno: IIt.\,"II",' 01 I Ic:t: 1'.""11'1111,1. nnwI', JO 1(, TfU:'101.f. t\f) -----"-~i),,llYt'l:ftif,:\\,-r.--- - -!l~;ini(\i'LA.iC(I\('i\(ln{lj :-~Tt:llJI\- II! i~ (-;:;T ili(-~{\)l.~ rt: ~" t: "T t: 10', iI;... 1" ;"1.\1\ 6{1!I\(:'l1- /{[l FE:' HOFr:;'~"~"!,, F I C'HAHD L. rt...CJE ;) ,J3r,\..:ary 1/3, 2~OO ThiS ~~8 at a ~h'lSlcal ther5~Y faCllity en Rcu~e 114 a~d he wag helpe1 with tl:e ther3PY ~t that tllne, He reports that ~o ~ag t:3'/~ng a, lot of pain at the t:ffie l~e ~e~t fer the 9~:0nd se~Slcn sf ~h~'3:ca: t~~~ra~y, He had a let of ~ain at t~e t13e cf t~e neck a~d crll~chl~g a~jhe ~~pGt~ej tightl18SS ill the up~er shoulders, He was actually ta~Jght sc~e relaXatlOn teshniques WhlCh he helieves helped him slgnlflCantly, The physlcal t~~rapi9t also used e1e:'t1'l::':'Il stl~nu1atlon v/hlCh r,e bell~'.'es was r.elpE';~l, !,it, Hoffman'is an E:;>;':!':'Jt:".'9 fr.;r :in e;,:c:,::ati:::l and pa'Ji:i:1 CC7":"1>3c:'.j. He rep,-'ft9 tr,ac r.e d~,es w'ork 8'.'er,/ daj, He repcr:3 that he is net ahle t8 d8 a3 much as he did prlor to the ac::~~!~t, ~le re~8rt3 tt:3t t~e,t~93est c~a~ge :~ his Jeb i8 that ~e used to dri':e ]~,G:0 mlles per ~'e5r, but new ls~~;ly at~e t~ dr:','e abcuc 1,000 a ;I;:~:h, He rs~srt3 hlS ether ch~~ge ~n ter~3 cE h~s wel~t~1~3 is that J:e used to C9 3.c:e t':. feel r82t~od after 51;0: r:r .i:e:E;;-'. :-.C'.:1-'S C: a:,~'3iJ cut riC'N it Cfln take m~re to glve h:nl a fe~]lng of teing well rastej, '.'... HCf~:7,an r~::::-Itl'/ sa'.., ',,'-;l:er ?er-~~~:r,:~:11 [J.C;, ;j:-;:! ;::',r. ?'2~~:elmun dld g:Jggest ~;-,;;': r.e :~:.:9 C::::et~:€::;,:. l.~ r j r, ""'1',' '. t .' ~ ,-~, ~.l. T':l ..,j....~ Q"3tes :',~ ~C!:.~~:~:,' ::.::l:e'.'Gs t:'",e'::~'{:::;~3r~~:er",~1~;~;~/);:,~,~:,';~~~\~.':'~ ~;";::~~~'~:l:~'f' t~'-a--\'~ 3~':;'t:'2r ~:':::;:',: ::-,~;, ::-,'-= C,:;:'::~~,:i:;(, :<t', :L:fE:~..:.:', :=L:(:3 :3~::::', :;~ ~dd:tL::l ::j tr,e 'J':l-::~r';;~, 'c.:',::;, :~.G 13 :::1::-: '_::1, .::: r: 1:':"5'."::' , f:::: ~.:s ~1:-=:-.:1:~ :'I:',j '.:-= d::r::s :3(,e ;',:7,:-:::!:'~;::~:l ~::'j, ;';8 ce~ :00;':<::3 ~':: :.5 a ::::~'1: 1 0::2'1, e:,::",e:: ~) ~~!.. ,-,0 fri:; cf .':.:;::r:;::'.:~::-,8 5: r:1.';;,:, ;.~-:! ~'S';:::;f:3 r,:~~':, r,e C=':'3 L;,:-:r:! CZl:':~'_::n s;Jr\:le::,:;;-"rs ,3.:".0 ~ls~ C~:~jr:l::'~ Sulf~:8 0~d he telle','03 t~a: ~e 1~ n~',e~~5: :m~ressej ~:th ::~e r~s~::s cE :~e C~~~jrc:.~~~, He repcrts t~~: he ~aJ te~n t3%i:13 t~:3: fer a ~'e~r a~d 3 ~31~. en a fain sC5:e of 0-:0, 0 telng ~o p31n and 10 bel~g repcrts :hac the paln aft~r t~e accident, r:9~: af:~r a 7.5 c:~~ared to t~e ~crst pain he ever had ~~:ch 1S :7,8re re=~r.tl~J '~;lth f.:l:n rac::'3tlr:g ar:J'...::,d h~s t:-.cra;.:, ~hlle ta%ir;g the Voltara:l a~d the Chcndrcitln Sulfate h18 ~a:.~ a: 2-3 on that sa~e scale, pain f1t its wcrS9, he tf.e accldent, '~;:i3 about tr,e ~3::'n he has r,sd He r~~crts that ~:~ t:-:at ;,-,e pl'otatl'l r.~t.es ~!e r~pcr:9 t~ac ~e dl~ ta':e pain in 1933 and d:d see s:~e~~e in cur cfE~ce fot'that, He ',~'a9 dia-;:ncsr:::d 'Nlth deser.erat1.":e d:sc dlS~3.Se. ~e was Sf,::',',T\ stretching exercises. He reports that the ~ain lasted a co~ple of weeks at that ti~e and t~en abated, He reports that ~e ~:ad ~o pain te:ween 1523 and the tirrie of the accident 't'Jith respect to his :r;eck, He repcr:3 that he does . thir;k t:-.8 Chcr,droitin' Sulfate ho9 helped him gain rsr.ge cf m::Jt.ion, es~ec:i311y with the turning of IllS chin to his right and left, He reports that he still r.as serr,s II cr:ji:c:'Ur.-g 'I ,3': t::e t~se of t.:s ::8C~:. :';ia: 2.::::''':2.l:~':::::-:'s r..,.3.~:'2 :-:.:.~ ctu:--'t: C~ ';31:1 s:'~ietllT,e3, He r<::pGrts chat 'N~,e!1 he dri'/Gs 8':er:y Lump' cr jar r.urts h'3 r,ec:, and thot 1t he e'!e~ steps dC",T. )-,ad ..,':1l1e "a1}:ing 1t ",,11 cause pa:n at the base cf hlS neck, l~e repcrts that when he does drl','e a CJr lie will stlll ~a'/e a te~d~~cy to tlghten his rrusculature aGd te has teen tElUg~it ::1 p;.....'s:.cal tr,er~P'l t'J tr'l to rel~;< e::--.j t~,at d2eJ help hlm 9c:7',G':,'ijJ.t, He repcrc~ that ~:e will cccaSiCl~Jlly get ~o~e ~ln8 and needles in the back of t~e rig~:: hal:d 3Gd the tep of the right footi especla11'l to~ard the e:--.d cf tlje w/~~~, He St~t~s lt used to be real bad and now it is j~St mol'S of an lrr~t~ti(n Cf a nlliHanCQ, He rnports that l:e WLll te aWJ~~ned cut cf l BOIJnd sl(:'~,;) Cl::...i h,~'/e ~:!J ;;:'.,~~:e hlJ }j.:,r,d:J, He repoL'ts 1".'2 gel.::) ,that .:tb()utcnc(~ a 1~:';'.J:',t:, ~'~sLt ,:d:c;ut in tLe mld peint cr hi::! sle',::), E8 rEports that 7::;,'J:",t F.E, H(jFi':,tM~, RICIt:\FD L, FAGE .3 JanU!H:; 18, ,000 af~'.2r t;,!'! a::cldelll he d':)':elq::wj blurrine39 1:1 t:~,th e~''':'!9. :-!>j replit'te:t before the aC'c~dent he could r03d In b:d wlthouc L.:..s 'j13::Jse!J and he v..'iHJ net 8b~e to do cLar. (1fr,er the accident. He EltJ'::.e9 thiH :.:n,e :!~!t ~'/e l'.3.~ uq:n:;'.'e:l t:::J the pCl~t that he can do thilitag1tJl, but not wlt~ ~~e rlghc e~'G. He l"0port9 that he i9 irritated at the bbse cf. tl'd3 r,e'.:~ by c::ld '...'Gather, arId ,,,,'hen r,o d~efl get IT"lc:1!l8Sed nec1. pain he '1.'111 a18') get 901l;e t;e?ld3CrlE'g, He t(:pOl.'':f1 t:--,:\'.: r,E/gets r.a1r.s that start at the case cf tI~e s%'J11 a:',j rZtdiate t:p arcund bcr:.:i ;tl".e ri1~t a~~ l~ft sld~g but ~e gets scr~e frc~tal ha3jach99 en thB right '91de. H8 repcrts that ~9 dccs r.ct get he3dache9 Wl~~Out Elf3t gattln3 the ~E:k {:31:l, :,11'. Hoffman Ck€:'9 '~Jcry. f:.r Llterty r:;.:c,3;'..at::t';:j, Hr. h;)ffm3n r.3E:'I't; seen t~;,,:el Golb, 1-1.0. f:,r o','er a. ,'(':3.1.' :Ir+d 1,:1'. H-:~:'n3.:1 dId see Dr. Pep{:elTJ:1 c'Jt Cr, rer-r.elrr,3.11 u:..d ::ct s(':',~d1Jle hi'1) fer3 re':'_:lTi "'is:.t, :r, P':;Fpe:,--:-.5;"1 told :<r. HcUrra:l t:Elt l'.e ',/cu:d .9(:;,,1 J .l(:~,:er t!J ==-. :':ac}:e'll:H' but r,e ras f,;:,t tee~'1 t!C~ to see Cr. M3c}:el1ar s:Gce I~e sa~ cr ?~~~elman. On ~~~'91cjl eXa!nlr~atlsn th~H g~:1tl~~Jn l:as )~~~~r3.tc:'.'s reflBxeg ,thr=~g~~~t U',9 '.;rr-~:':' ~;;':trr;!nitled cut tLe::eJre r',_) ab-.cr:f3~ fefle:O::?3, He t~38 e:-:.:el:s:-'It ~:::r ::~8 ~n tcth \;~~er 0:'::l'~'~1~:es. 1:~:9 r:3~~:-t~5~jej, 7~Ero is ::: ::3.:;,:: c."J::tl:lS,l, He r.Js ~/3 r",-':~.'_:r s::n~;',st:\ 1;",,;::: :~,;.l~lC:.~ 'J:-:-:;;;;::'3 tr.~:;:':;J. :-':'2 C3il ::~".."H:l fIe;.; h~8 cL:!l 3;;j 7":': ~: 0:,".'::1 tJ ;.:::~.;t:: 1 :/2 ::L:~.;:::'l ':f :-,:':1 ::":-.~5t. i~~ !~Jd 9(r~e sl:ght 1:~cre339J ra:n cn ':ert~x ~:~~rs3s:cn H;~ re~J:'1:3 ~e ta8 lr;c~-~.Ji.:!-:d 'pa.:n '.nth ;',~,'F8!'e;,:t'3-:-.:l'~cn, ;;'3 c.:;n r.....;:e:~.E:;.:t'::;'.j a:::.:;'.;r. 2) di2?~'0~S ~'2 c-~n :',;1.':) ~ilS Chlfl to the lA.:t a::::\...t'. ]) de;-re'::3, 5;""j t:) t:'.~ r:]:;t :::!~:'....:: is d~3r95g, T::t1:~3 1~:9 ~e~j t~ the L~f~ C3~~E2 l ~~11 :n t~0 r:.gl~t g::.J8 :f ~:s :',e~:.'.: 3;jj Ultlij3 t8 r:.\..,8 r:-]t,t (':1'.l2eg scme r-u:::;"'.] _~n t::'3 :''.:~t S:-jl:!::: :-.:9 ~e:~. ;~r, Hcffman h39 ~o ~aln in the ~~d:l::e =~ pal;itlcn. He h33 tenderness mere to the left than th~ flghc cf :~e ffild::ne c':e~ the ~3C~: J01;.~.3, Her.as no musc.le s~.~-9m in tr;e par-39plr.al musc'.Jlar.ure c.f :n ::--,8 tr3~e:lu9 muscle. He dld re~Crtt8 ~e th!t te dC29 d: e~!rC1Ses to try t~ keen h!s ~eck str8n3 a~d t~e Stre::3ch In hiS ~e:~ anj hiS nec~ Sl:e ~3S go~e frem a 11.5 to an 18.5. I ha....e ;',.rayed this gem:le~;an's cer-'lic31 sp:;.,e t::d3Y. r c:d :i L~t,,jr;'l1:f :-.is ~eck in flexicn-exte~sicn. He dces have 9:g~1~:'c3nt d03en~ratlVe d:sc dis~ase at C5-6 and C5-7 with s!gnlflC~nt sF~r EcrmatlCn ant~ricr~J at ~:-o and 90me p08teriGf s~urrin? at ('5-6 also, He r.2l:; no acr.cr:nC11 mc::iC;-'1 ',.:::h flex:cn-exrension fil~s, en tl:e h? i~e ~59 d 8.:J::t a~:unt cf a 9~::::S:3 cf the cer/ical spine, ape:, to the l'ight, . The ~ain th3t I~r. Hoffman had arcu:~d his rlbc3ge beg~n in abcut May cf 1599 and 13sted untIl just. r~cer;tl'j. I d!J r~vi'3','1 3:1 !I:p.! -:-f !~r, ~~'JfffTt1.nI3 thCf3C1C spin~, It dces ghc~ a bLllgin3 disc 3: T5-6 and an additil:~~l ~:SC at T7~a and one at r8<J, Th':l disc at TS~6 dC6S s~cw son',e '/ery fllig~.: inde~tation of the thoracic c~rd. He reports that he thirk8 t18 ha~ ~r:tably imprc\'e':i as much ag rlo1S going to impl.'Q'/e, t:8 ri?por\:3 th,~t he h~.9 ;:r:,t.itly :>::'~:1 :o::1t\IS qUOC\'E.'!' t:".e l:a8t i'(~~l:'. Hc' ff:ols ::8 13 accut <1S 9Ccd ~3 r.e is g.,)lr.] t:J get and l:ei:as rr,?l~r;r:Ji;:0cj th?tl: 1e'/el, dl:housil hf~ 19 ccnCG:;,;-,~-j aCCI.p; tJki:~3 t~a Vnltaren J:~d t~o Frilc3ec al:d what t:;ese dr~gg rnlght do :~ ~::~. Dr. ~:l:~:~llJr dCI~s prc:'/lde 11::n with t~e rnodlc3tlc/l, EE; HGFPi-V..N, p!CH..\r;,D L. rAGE 4 Janu,iry 18/ 2000 I have rBviewed medical infor~aticn prcvlded t: ~.. X'ra~9 (rcm S.,dle hcspital, perfot'med en July 23, 1999 of the C;.65: s!",cw no act:i':e disease; thoracic gpi~e films stlcw ~in~mal 9:0110019 a~~ ~11d degenerati\'e ch~ng~s {.:refJer,t and X-ra,'s cf, t~:e r~(lr.t f],bc8g8 ai'e r.e3~:..':e. An MRI oE t~e th~racic ipina 9hc~8 there 19 a ':ery 't:lj comrre93icn defcflnity a~ t~e T7 ver~ebral bed}, crS3tlng a ml1d k~~~C3~9 ce~:er9d at thlS level. Thi9 c'':'TJ:~ir,e3 'h'l:h a br-:;d~b3sed di2C bulge ':::;. C:"'3E1t.e a ':er,/ fl\lld ccrd ccm~res31cn a: this level, There 13 que9tiG~3~~eaS9~clatBd slg~a1 abnormallt'l w1thln t~e :crd at thlS le'.'el asdS3crlt9j above, 1 dld re'/le~ Cr. JGh~ Vl:~e!''l'9 repcr: of thbt J~r. Hoffm5n tag a fadiculitlS at T6, ctat ra1~c~11t~3 19 viral in crlg..~, J','J:::'':2~, 41 l~!SJ i':he:-~ 1'.::. dC69 thlrJ; H:s ~~:tial iffipres9tcn 13 t~at I re'/~e~ej :~r. Hcff~an'3 f~edicat~~n c~art, H~ ~~e~ t~~:s G~e t~tJ JSplfln a j~j. Csxe~l~ ~:a3 d~sc:~~~:;~~d. He dses ta~:e :5 TJ (~ ~:~ltrlpLyll~e a: r.:"I;',r:. :-:!: 1:::'::0.:) ?rl!-':S~.r: 2"1:-,0 '/cl:a~.':::-,. H'~ ;,:_~: ':-.3::r-:.:.) 'J:'1(7CE':\:-:-.:..r.e El:--.j C~c~~r::::;~ 2~lf~:e a~j (a~Cl\::;1 3~j a ~J~e-3-1;! '.'::~:r::~ I d~d '((:'::f-:;':'/ r,:::.t~s r:f :::!'J:e t,jJC:->=1!51.-, r'1.D, :: 13 ;-,::>:1"1 1:1 ::"'8 ;.:f::,.....,3.r,~cst'...:.!"3 F3.1:ulj Ft3C'.:.lCe :-:cte cf l'~.:irch :;, :jJj t:~,~1: Hr. ~-L:ff:-nan r:~~3:1 ~l~h ~~3al c~~3eSt:'c:l a~j ~~~er res;lr~:cry s~'-;::~3 ~~ d3~'S a30. 7~~3 ~a3 re~ol'll;i/j' \'::-.8;1 five 021':'3 ajo the pati.::r.t be'j),;-. 'I,:':~ lr.::~~':r.Itt':::r,t si....:\~-p r:.~ht lcwer c~est ~a~n, 7he ~alns last fr~m 1-10 32::nds, cccurrin3 e':ery f:\'8 ml~ute9, It dces appe3r that these prcblems te3~~ aftEr what scunda l:~:e a cc!d a~j it ~a'l ~:ell be due to the ccu3hlng l~~: his thcr~cic ~~cble~9 teJ8n. It shculd be ~cted tt3t In the f5mlly ~ractice ~:tss It dce~ dISCUSS t~e fact that !~r. Hcf~man dees 11~ve dlat0tss a~d i9 be:~9 treated by d:et. :: sh~uld t:e r.ctuj t;,3,t al:hcu?h5r-pa,rent1'l I,:r, Hoffman c:::-;:laii.ej of m'::l'n::?"/ 1:83/ r.e wag tes:ed a,t te:ter than 90 perce~[lle fer ffie~:ry re~al:. A~~~rent:~', t.le, Hof:man '~;as ~le3sed byer,at, It shculd also te r.::tej t::,'it Hr', H:::ff:;;3:l c:.:1 ha"'e rZlcLer frequene \--'iS1t3 to l'lechElnlc3burg r=-~.lly FrElctlce, g:ang to t.;-.e f3~11y pr'a~t~ce about cnce a mcnth after the a2::~~~t, :t 13 ncted in t~e r3.:7,11y pr.3.C!;lCe r,ctes tr,at r'lf, Hoffman!s aC:l~2-;-'.: CC(~'''':f:"~j cn !<afch 2,1, 19Jj' and a nots en April 4, 1997 states that Mr. Hof~~an had tried working half-days and it we~t q~lte well and he wanted :~ talk about re-intr2juci~g himself to his wcrr:nlace. lie ',.,'as told at that :'~~,e t~3t he shcul~i r.:::c c.r.1.....e excessi';ely. He W':1~ to 'IJod:. halfpdays for a "perl')d of time and \'Je3.f a cen'ica1 collar ~s needed, Ie should be noted :::':3t [>:c. Ech,rdrd Thorq::scn, one d3.,/ aft':r h13 acc:..dent '.:r. :'~.:\:.-c~ 24" 1:'37/ gave t;.0 dI~smc918 ,'\t ch:\,: tl:7,~ cf ','-/hlplas:, '~:.ldpcs31ble pest c)nCUSS1'.'8 syndrome ',.:~,:h CS1";cerltration diff,ic'.lltie9, It shculd be n::Jted in a note en :ul, 5, 1996, thlg is t:rlcr to tl:9 accider';t, th3.t :.~r, Hoffman preS8;ltBd at Cr. r.1C:l~rd T3r,j3,'u't!s off:.ce complalning of cl:est and arm p3in fer apprcxi~a:~ly C~8 t~ t~o ~'e3r9, T~~e pati.erll. LZld had eI:.isodes of achIng i:1 Ill::! left s:-;culde?' 2nd dC'.'ln hiS ~Ef: arm. 7his occurred [fIOSt c0mmonly when he v:ao e;,;c!"ci9inl;j, The pain ';.'culd ts,;pn ,dter appro;dm.?tte1'l one mile cf i~I.31Kil'lg a:',d ','.'ould pel'<Ji8t untIl i:e stcr~r:ed. HI) i'h"1S yJCr};ed up fot' this t:j rule au: ,,-:In'/ C3t.'~.!1~C !]'/il;l:':J)tr.s. I': s~:;;uld b;! ncted in 1:192, b3 cGmplainc:d of rli];..r: :::!:culcJ.:.'!' r}ln ,~i:",c1 \'J,):: f"~:~ 1:0 t',;l,,'e a right s\.IPt-a3Plli,:!.tUS strau1. It. s;hculd [;-3 :~I~[(,d erl ,]ur;e S, lS26, :':c. Hoffman 8,21'.... CJI1 \~oller, 1-1.0, 1-119 cr,;:npl.7tinc ','1-;;:] l....~~ck p"ltri, He heed h:;j FE: HOFFI>\),.N, fdCIV\I'D [" f'),()E , Jai,~:~lr'l 18, 2000 reClll'~/~~t rje~k ~aln 9tn(;e lS22. ^ cal~I~:11 e~:~e X-r~y ~89 dOf18 cn I~arch 24, 1983 w~lch wa~I)G~Ltiv8 for deJ8rjerati~B d13C d~s~~se at (:5 thrc\Jgh C7 w~~h dri:jt::r,er,'1tl':e ,~stf~r~;ph'ltl!J C~;rH'>:1t.l n in the S,:'l;r,€! 3l"33 t.!.:'.d rnc::!eri'lt8 bll!lteral anter..Gt' ve~:to;.br::l.l fcrimlrd\l lil';pir.gc-nnent in t:',!,;1 !!;f1'= an~a, H,t:! d~3'2;-IC8~S '(hi9 degB:'""ler3ti'/8 d:91.:.' dlSC!lSc,of tL(~ I\eckl C5 thrcJ'?h C7, rlrd rnu9cle sr.ra1n cf the left ~ide of. the neck, ThiS gentlef~ian dld ha':e a Cr,erJ:: X.'L1Y dS:1e en June 15, 1968. The cOllclusicn 'tlt.l.:l mcdera~e de?l2nt-!:'3t:ivf.l c:-,.'inges in tl~e tt~cr3C~c spl~e, TtlQ he3ft a:~j lungs wer~ ~aga:l'~e, He also had X-r3~'3 cf )119 cervlcal S~lne dene in 1;33 and tIllS did 8~C~ t~~t there is ~arr2w~~3 'of tl~e C5-6 al~d (6-1 l~tel-v~rtetral d19C 8r3~~9, C:G3:stent ~ttll de3e~0~'~:~'.'9 d:':JC dtse3.:~e, There 19 mc:!r:!::3.te tl1.~t6~:a.l C:.-~ 3:-d C6~7 rj~3ener:ttl'..e J'~l;..t d::.se32,,;! ,1r.j ,,",:~jf;LHe bllJ'::t;:_,:,,-,l l;I':.er/erte:~r')l ~:~!'':i~~r,.11 1::',;::r<?et:if7f.r:; ~t. ':.:'-,::'~!e le','el~l. 1he:~'e I(lere de3~r,er-;.t l','e cstecph'/':.:2:l i:~'f::3f::r.t :t":~:n C5 U',tCi1J]:', C7, I j:d r~~'~ew n:t09 frarn Cr. c~~~el Gelh ~~ ~fr3~e:/ :':ej~~31 Center' H~ ?}~ io'.r, M,::f::',.:t:1 ~:;-'l .J"nu,~I"1 6, lSSB, H1S Ylcl-klr';g d:3-j:',.:.::l3 '.'.'.30'1 t)".&t: of t:-:l'~~~:<:;i'jt r,e:).: t:~l:l !."e:3:e::i to cer','ic~l d'-;-?f.r'lerat:":{3 ~;,;:::;',-j',:>:'Jt_~;, :(,~ Jlso d:j t~:t€:':e t:-,~,: ;;tc: s',;ff~:'t::j '.i clc8~d )",:::3J '.~'.}ut'j ,;;",) i',::1 ~,::~':' ::-.:\': t~',e :~~c1)Crli:'/~: .~:-.'.~ ~l'..':';~::''-3 th,~r:. ;',e ','J,~~'l 1~:.'/~:-/3 3'; ;':,8 "'lS:'': en :::,:-",;:';t'.: t, 1 ')S' ,3 ',':r:~'e r'~l:...:'::::i .-' :~~':: :;'.':,':~t. ','e::::Gle ;1cc::..dl~r,': c~ ~<j!"'::::1 24, 1:"17, ;':e SP.;I':.';~' ::~',d I q'-~(.:-:>, 1l~:'::'::";2h t:..~ ~,:t:,:r ':~h;c:..:;:::c:..:J(::-r.t cLj :'.:~. C':'. :::'"1::11 t:',e j,::'~r;'r,~~!.'3.::':'~ C~'.ai.J<:j ~,!'t':;3r:r.L ::::n L:'9 ;<'~'3'1'3, C~';;::.!":/ :..: _--:~l". , ,," ~~ )~ ,~;~~~.~~':~~~~n r:r ~~~ ~;i.:jf:rl'/~n3 c::~::::.tlCn 't;i1:"C:l !:.:l~ It:::: illm r-:'€".:Jt-';;',::':i s'....;;~.::,;r"j':.:.c", i~-.:: (~:2:: :'.?It t.~.it ;.11.', Hof:':.:1I1 '1lculd r.c': ro:-,:':r-~:"!;'l~ gL;r,?e~'l" ;-:,:; 3:SJ s':.~~,:,=:j t:--.:lt 1': -":23 ~,:s cr-i:-',lon t:--.21t 1'1r, Kcffrrdn '1.':11 ;;3.'.'13 s'):n~ I=~:"'~,~:::::.:-.:: :~:,,:',.::'r :':-::~:rr~,(::-,t :,,'-:~j':.s-j t,) ~er91s':e~t ne:k ~31n follcwll~g t~le acc:d~~t, t~t ~e dc\:bt~d t~at it ~cu:j C3USe t;~m a~y sutatantial dis5tl1~ty cr l~aGd~c~p, I alg~d:d re'::ew c~art9 fr~m ~:3rk~ff and Le~~:..~~':.c~ reJar~lng tr.e!"ap'I' I d:j also re';'le'd C'f. G~lb's nCt'3 ct ,:,r;1"11 4, 1;;:,7, he felt' that I~r, Hoffman did suffer a severe c~se cf ~h:..r13sh, ::ldeed r.ad s;~::-,e t'/~e of sp~~al c:;rj ccnt'Js'i<~:l '..::-,:::h .:q:;:e3l"3 to He a~so felt :~3: he had a falrly mlld CCGC~EStC~, IllS (~"",s:::J~ en :::~t '::~:e, He rr,a'i :--.3','8 loA re3~.'::~"], :..er.e!" inter-vle'lilng I~r. HoffT'~:I, e;.:amining him ar.d r;:',':E:',.!ir.:j hi] med:.ca:' infcrm3tion, I can state the fcllowing, This g'2:it~eman did, I bel:e':e s'.;:::(~:r an lnjl.:r'/ to his cerlical spir.e a3 a res'J~t c:~:-" 3,',:!-.:::;:r.cci:o 3ccid~:-.': .:: 19~7, I C3.n coda'.! find ne> r.3r::l neurClloolc e'llJ.d€:f.C!:: of 21f,,/ cam2loe, ';',~,3: :...3 I J ~ ~ J can~ot detect any we3%neS3 or m~tcr loss cr' cls3r-cut ser:s3tion less as t~e r~sult of the aGcident, I have taken X-rays ln my cff'iee tcday and thi3 serjtl!=-~:1i3;1 dses h::"/El deg'j!1E!:ati\'e dlSC dl~e'?;9~ cr t:-,e c":::::'Jical spir;f~ 't:h~:~ ',;219 ~rE';lsusly r~?Drted and did p~0d3te llis~cclde~:, I dld a flGX1Cl,-~xt0~s:cn f11m a:-,.j I sea no e'/idence cE lt~Stdbllity It/h],en V1culd sU'J.j'::st that c!""e:::::'3 ',,:as n.jc e:1Cugh l.l.?';~llwnt.ouB disruptl.cn to CH.:3e 8::;::-.:fic3.:1t dl::J"I:13(:f:-mnnr, cf Ci.e ven.:.er:r3 en t:~,t:1 ct,l,er., Hr, H'.:f::r:3.:119 c..:;::"i:l:.'tir.tJ ;'ite J11 f)',:r:jr::ctl'.'t), r.:-.a.: 18 he dc:esr:.ot f1:1\'8 any 'ii~Se~j~ ~:'~3:Jm or S'....(~llll),J ~c-cut tho cet':l.c~ll :o!i):":-,i:! '~"'r mi.:!lcle3r:.rr.-pr.y or reflex If)~'jfl Ot~ other pi:}-'SlC31 f~I',.j.l;I[:F:l v:::.:..ch could b(j c~)o8iderej cb:ocr.i'.'e. I do nct flnd any <:tr;ncr::i3.1lt'.1t38 in the ph';/8it~1 ,~:\J,;r.lt1,:p:lcn t.J 9\.I'Jgl,:~,t: th~t tr,i;l (.3entli~IT,,?ln 1(1111 r.cf:j ~in'{' :J'_it':]lCJl pr::c,:,j . "... ,1:3 Ji rc!~ult cf. tiibl injury, Hu dO(;):J h,i':O sl'gr.:'::l:,i:-:'': df;-:'j'-}:',t~r,;itl'!e :;'.s:: c118C:iSO and c€.'ttJi"nl'l t)1at c:uld progt'f2:JS c':r::!' t,l'l,e due t;) t".h(~ I1Zitu:';;l ~roc'!;,;~!:J ct: W=Jl.nSI, Idtilough Hr, HGffrna.n llc(~g n:~::. i:f-)l'..(;','c: :::',.'11'. lh': C,-1:1 l;:-::r;:.',"~, J ~ ~ I IV l;l .S ~ I , !-t ! I >-1' .-i J If 'rl 44 :- 0 . ",c 'rl :tl r.l l:l U j ~I , ,< . I to- >-1 "" IV I N ~ >-1 .0: I I C1\ >< :;:11 ' . C1\ .1:1 .j.J I u Ul 51 i ' ' . 'rl :II I ~ (;"') ",., ....-- f (f~ C' .:_l_l ~~ ,,' !llf, , ,d; " i:)r ~,,-. .1\: I'," , IJ.... , , ~~I Ci , () .~-! 1 C , ('.J ..' , ., , \:1 0.' , , , LI.I . n, . I l.. ;'~' . Cl""t \ , , () 1...- , (J'l ~ a '^ ;;J ili ~~ ~ ~n~ 5 ~ ,,~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ",' . " ...._.,~~~- I f'i ,. [ ;', ( I . , VJ \ , , ,.' .J - - ,i r ()> ()> o '" '" o u:i ~ t:i 5 ~ -l "' S H~Z ~~ ... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~I~t 1. :J;Z ID- ~ Cl Z r:. ~ o lli Ul r::. s: f.. 0 n. .0 H ~ Li v '< ~ ~ ~ w ~ ... V> ~ i ~ I.LI Z Cl ~ ~ ~ I.LI lJ Z I.LI !3 ~ !3 v. IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA NO. 99-247 CIVIL ACTION - LAW RICHARD L. HOFFMAN AND . GLORIA M. HOFFMAN, Plaintiff MISTY LEHMAN, Defendant JURY TRIAl, DEMANDED ANS'BR WITH NBW HATTBR AND NOW oomes the Defendant, Misty Lehman, by her attorneys Wix, Wenger & Weidner and sets forth the following Answer With New Matter to Plaintiff's Complaint: 1. Admitted. 2. Admitted. 3. Admitted. 4. It ls admitted 5. Admitted. 6. Admitted. 7. Admitted. 8. Admitted. that Defendant is an adult individual. 9. It is admitted that Defendant oollided with the right rear passenger side of Plaintiff's vehicle, however, the remaining averments of paragraph 9 are denied and proof to the contrary is demanded at the time of the tr.ial. 10. The allegations of paragraph 10 are specifically denied and proof to the oontrary is demanded at the time of the trial. 11. The Defendant incorporates herein by reference her answers to Paragraph 1 through 10 of plaintiffs complaint. 12. The allegations of paragraph 12 are denied and proof to the contrary is demancted at the time of the trial. 13. The allegations of paragraph 13 are denied and proof to the oontrary is demanded at the time of the trial. 14. The allegations of paragraph 14 are denied and proof to the contrary is demanded at the time of the trial. 6' <::1 ,. ';:l~ L: I; .. t~ , IUS~~ ('-' ::J, (')", . ('.' ,'Ii':; ',) " I~ "[' (1)1 t\.. '0_\ ,"J ?,' CQ A:: 'i '.') (1,J ,.-j" . 1(.'," [Lt,' ' (t: ;t(J (}.., ','0.. ....:l: U ~i! (n c' U 1I I .) I ~ ;::j S _0 ~ ~ ~ .....:. ~ ,.... ~ ~ ~ ~ f!1 ~ 2 li 6 9. o!'l f5 ~ ., " ~ ~ I 5 ~ , , it; ll) ....- f (''''" i (~ I " "J , I , '(L~ , , J: ( C:l II, I t' .. ., 'j! ..;-,') " (~ l_' I Cl "'--.. ~ S ~ ~ ~ .....~ ~ h ; ; is ~ g 2 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 i1J 11M 1lI\ 10' -"U "'110' 1"'.1,0' jllt~111l [\N I'fll'}j ';lNl'WNOlI'f'NlI.IlM.U\'lllll'f' 10 NOI~IA)n H' .1"'OllllVl~ 11\1 SI-'OLLENBERGER & JANUZZI, LLP 1820 L1nglestown Road P.O. Box 60545 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17106-0545 Telephone Number: (717) 234-3700 Fax Number: (717) 234-8212 ~rneys for Plaintiffs RICHARD L. HOFFMAN and GLORIA M. HOFFMAN, Plaintiffs IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA v. NO. 99-247 CIVIL ACTION. LAW JURY TRIAL DEMANDED COMPLAINT MISTY LEHMAN, Defendant AND NOW comes the Plaintiffs, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN and GLORIA M. HOFFMAN, by and through their attorneys, SHOLLENBERGER & JANUZZI, LLP, and do respectfully represent the fOllowing: 1. The Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, Is an adult individual who currently resides at 700 Hamilton Avenue, Mechanlcsburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania 17055. 2. The Plaintiff, GL.ORIA M. HOFFMAN, is an adult individual who currently resides at 700 Hamilton Avenue, Mechanlcsburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania 17055 3. The Plaintiffs, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN and GLORIA M. HOFFMAN, are husband and wife. 4. The Defendant, MISTY LEHMAN, Is an adult Individual whose last known address is 5317C Manayunk, Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania 17109. 5. The facts and circumstances hereinafter set forth took place at or about 5:51 p.m. at the Intersection of State Route 2024, otherwise known as Gettysburg Road, and State Route 2021, otherwise known as Wesley Drive, Lower Allen Township, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. S11{llI ENUfltOEfj ... dANtIUl, 11.1' 11'21) lINOLL<;TOWN Hew" l' lJ no:>: (il[_\', . Ili\IlIlJ':lllUHo. 1'1\ I ?1tI6,'l.')oI~ illh 2:H :mxJ 'FAX 11\1' ~:\'lfllI2 6. At the aforesaid time and place, the Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, was the owner and operator of a 1994 Chevrolet Caprice, bearing registration plate L1BEXC. 7. At the aforesaid time and place, the Defendant, MISTY L.EHMAN, was the owner and operator of a 1991 Nlssan Sentra, bearing registration plate BBS-1135. 8. At the aforesaid time and place, Plaintiff, RICHARD L.. HOFFMAN, was traveling westbound on State Route 2027, Lower Allen Township, Cumherland County, Pennsylvania. 9. At the aforesaid time and place, Defendant, MISTY LEHMAN, pulted out from a private driveway turned eastbound onto State Route 2027 and collided Into the left rear passenger side of Plaintiff's vehicle causing him to lose control of his vehicle and travel over a curb and Into a private lot. 10. As a result of the aforesaid collision, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has suffored serious and permanent Injuries, Including but not limited to the foltowlng: (a) Severe strain and sprain of the muscles, tendons, Itgaments and other soft tissues at or about the cervical spine with radlculopathy; (b) Aggravation of degenerative joint disease of the cervical spine; (c) Severe strain and sprain of the muscles, tendons, ligaments and other soft tissues at or about the thoracic spine; (d) Spinal cord contusion; (e) Concussion; (f) Post concussion syndrome; (g) Memory Impairment with overt abnormality; (h) Chipped porcelain cuffs on teeth numbers 4, 5, 6, 12, 13 & 19; (I) Chipped facial/Incisal areas at teeth numbers 3,6,7,9,1011 & 12; (J) Loss of posterior support altering bite, pulling excessive force on anterior teeth; 2 SlluULNlIl'IK\EH /I; .11\t~UUL UJ' 1!l;Jll UNGll'STnWN HCIAl). J'O BOX fill.<..I'i' t"\fIIllSmmO, 1'/\ 111()(, O~l~, rll'/)H.I J'1(fl'I'M:nI7l~:"1lt?12 (k) Shock to the nerves and nervous system; and, (I) Mental and physical anguish. CQ.lHill RLQHARD L. l:tQfFMAN v.IVI~~ 11. Paragraphs 1 through 10 of Plaintiff's Complaint are Incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof as If set forth In full. 12. The aforesaid collision was a direct and proximate result of the negligence of Defendant, MISTY LEHMAN, In operating her vehicle In a careless, reckless and negligent manner as follows: (a) In entering or crossing State Route 2027 from a driveway without yielding the right-of-way to Plaintiff's vehicle approaching on the roadway, In violation of 75 Pa.C.SA 93324; (b) In emerging from a driveway and falling to stop her vehicle at the point nearest State Route 2027 where she had a view of approaching traffic, in violation of 75 Pa.C.S.A. 93344; (c) In failing to observe Plaintiff's vehicle traveling west on State Route 2027; (d) In permitting or allowing her vehicle to strike and collide with the left passenger rear portion of the vehicle operated by the Plaintiff; (e) In turning In such a manner as to endanger Plaintiff's vehicle traveling west on State Route 2027; and, (f) In failing to keep her vehicle within the proper lane of travel. 13. As a direct and pmximate result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has undllrgone and in the future will undergo great pain and suffering for which damages are claimed. 14. As a further result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has suffered and may continue to suffer a loss of earnings for which damages are claimed. 3 SIIO(JJ:NIIUlUEII!!IJt\NIJl1I,1-IJ' Ill:!!) IJN(ilDiTOWN Il(l,\ll' I'C) IlI.IX(~JMr, IIMfIH15I\lJA(\, 1'/\ 17l!.ltl oM."! (1\ 1) 2:~1 :m:o I f,\X 111 h l~1 lI;!l'! 15. As a further result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, h~d and/or may In the future Incur expenses for medical treatment and rehabilitation for which damages are claimed. 16. As a further result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has and/or may In the future Incur a loss of earning capacity for which damages are claimed. 17. As a further result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD l.. HOFFMAN, has sustained a permanent diminution In his ability to enjoy life and life's pleasures for which damages are claimed. 18. As a further result of the aforesaid Injuries, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has Incurred or may hereinafter Incur financial expensos and loss which exceed sums recoverable under the limitations and exclusions of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Law for which damages are claimed. 19. As a further result of this collision, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, has and may in the future Incur reasonable and necessary medical and rehabilitative costs and expenses In excess In the amounts paid or payable pursuant to Subchapter B of the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Law, Workers' Compensation or any program, group contract, or other arrangement for p&yment of benefits as defined in 75 Pa.C.S.A. ~1719. 20. Plaintiff is covered by the full tort oplion under his motor vehicle Insurance polley with Erie Insurance Group. A copy of the declaration page Is attached hereto as Exhibit "A". WHEREFORE, Plaintiff, RICHARD L. HOFFMAN, demands judgment against the Defendant, MISTY L.EHMAN, for cOmpensatory damages In an amount In excess of the amount requiring compulsory arbitration. COUNTU ~I"QRIA N1_,J::lQffMA..lLv..1J1lSJ~ 21. Paragraphs 1 through 20 of Plaintiffs Complaint are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof as if set forth In full. " <;111I!lI.NIlI'lItiUI'" ,INjUIl.I, U/' IIVll IJNGII',';l'lI\Vl'i flt),\I). I'll BOX ('()'~I.',' I 1,\Jlm'./IlIHli, 1'1\ 1.'I(J(,(JM.~ (111; lH :(71)'1 FAX !7l711H H:!12 ~~M...!!.Q..!lli"!!!!~2Q~ItL_ __u .___.n_ . ....f)Il_g!c~.!1"n9.t.{!L .,. '-"-~'.".'_.'~'-""""-~-~-'----~------ , . I FN"'S~RANCE' GROUP lOOEflflln5 pi EM PA 'fM CONTINUATION NOTICE ERIE '. ERI E 'SURANCE. EXCHANGE PIONEER tI/MILY AUTO POLICY ~~'____KK__~__~__.___._ ...------.-'--..-~.~-.-~._____.._._.~.._~_.K.,._._.......~_.____~_~_________~. AGENT ITEM 2. POLICY PERIOD POLICY NUMBER AA 7 7 99---~ ARNHAMINSURANCE AGY-----01701 /97--TO- 01/oi/98--'--001-0 1065 36H--' __..!J_S~LNAM~QJ~L~~BEQ__A_ND ADDRE9.~L._._ ""111."111""1,1,.",.,1..'",,..,1,1.1,,11,,,,,1.,.,,',11 RICHARD L HOFFMAN & GLORIA M HOFFMAN 700 HAMILTON AVE MECHANICSBURG PA 17055-4024 -----~'~_..~~-.....------------,--.._-_._._._~._~--_. ITEM 3. OTHER It:JTEREST ____.____ AGENT - FARNHAM INSURANCE AGY ***** AGENT PHONE - (717) 766-8678 507 NORTH YORK STREET MECHANICSBURG PA 17055 ******************************************************************* * FIRST ACCIDENT FORGIVENESS APPL!ES. THE FIRST SURCHARGE FOR A * * F!lTURE AT-FAULT ACCIDENT WILL BE WAIVED. * ******************************************************************* ITEM 4. AUTO YR 1 93 2 90 3 94 4 91 I1'EM 5. AUTOS COVH'RED MAKE VIN ST TER SYM RATING CLASS LINC TOWNCAR SI lLNLM82W9PY659588 PA 27 F AlAS-MULTI DODG SHADOW lB3XP48J5LN16l79l PA 27 8 A2AS-MULTl CHEV CAPRICE CL 1G1BL82P1RR150998 PA 27 8 A4L-MULTI FORD BRONCO lFMEU15N9MLA34457 PA 27 8 AlAS-MULTI I NSURANCE IS PROVI DED WHERE A PREMI UMJ OR I NCL, I S SHOWN FOR THE COVERAGE. COVERAGES, LIMITS AND ANNUAL PREMIUMS ARE AS FOLLOWS- #1 #2 #3 #4 *****GOOD DRIVER RATES APPLY***** ALL PRIVATE PASSENGER VEHICLES. 82 100 131 90 44 53 72 49 DDP --- THE FULL TORT OPTION APPLIES TO LIABILITY. PROTECTION- BODILY INJURY S250MjPERSON $500M/ACC PROPERTY DAMAG~ S100M/ACC FIRST PARTY BENEFITS- C~~BI~~II~~p~P~~~'~f,N~~All~2:~~LM~~r? INCOME [,OSS ACCIDENTAL D~ATH(25M MAX) 46 UNINSURED MOTO ISTS COVERAGE- BOD INJ ~250M/PERSON S500M/ACC-STACKED 24 UNDERI NSURED MO'rORI STS COVER~GE-' BOD INJ S250M/PERSON S500M/ACC-STACKED 86 PHYS I CAL DAMAGE COVERAGES-. COMPREHENSIVE - $50 OED 61 COLLISION - $250 DED 129 TOTAL ANNUAL PREMI UM FOR EACH AUTO 472 TOTAL ANNUAL POLICY PREMIUM $ 2,007 ITEM 6. APPLICABLm POLICY, ENDORSEMENTS~ EXCEPTIONS ALL AUTOS - FAP 05/91, ABPNOl 07/96*, AF~A03 10/95. AUTO 1 - ABPU02 02/~6w. AUTO 2 - ABPU02 021 6*. AUTO 3 - ABPU82 02/ 6*. AUTO 4 - ABPU 2 02/96*. 50 74 65 24 24 24 86 86 86 39 63 ~~ 102 183 454 633 448 TO DECLARATIONS ITEMS ANTI-THEFT DISCOUNT APPLIES-PASSIVE D[SAB AUTO 3 MULTI POLICY DISCOUNT APPLIES - AMOUNT OF DISCOUNT IS $ 47 PASSIVE RESTRAINT DISCOUN1' APPLIES - AIRBAGS AlJ'ro 1 PASSIVE RESTRAINT DISCOUNT APPLIES - AIRBAG AUTO 2 PASSIVE RESTRAINT DISCOUNT APPLIES - A[RBAGS AUTO 3 ANTI-LOCK BRAKE DISCOUNT APPL[ED AUTO 1 ANTI-LOCK BRAKE DISCOUNT APPLIED AUTO 3 EXHIBIT I __--'1_____ SECTION 6 LIFE TABLES PAGE 11 fl(}if(~1{). ..-' i){) ,?'3!c} (.../sg (p;~ ~f.' ~ ~ - AJ.,~ .~--~.!.... --. "0- - .... --- lo"l -- ~. 80'" ..,., ... ,.... 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" " " OJ " II 10 _~_...____.___....._.._.., .., II " .. " ., " 7J II .. II .. II _______.___H.~'._ " .. OJ ,. " U " II .. ,. O. ,. U .____--.___.____. ,., .. " ,., .. ,.. ,.. ., ,. ,., U " 13 _.__.___...__._..___~., .., " " " " " " " " ., 51 7J 14 _______.__....._..._. ., 50 ., I.:'! " " .. '0 " U " II .. -"--,,._.-.. 60 " I.J U " ., .. 51 .. .., U II .- Tablft 6-3 Expect.lion 01 UI" II Single YQ8r5 ,:), I\go, by Race and Sell: Un11ed Slales. 1988 AppP...ndLx 6.21 -11- While an expert Is Ilut permitted simply to repeat another's opinion or data without bringing to bear on Its own expertise and Judgment, a medical . expert Is permitted to give opinions based In part on medical reports prepared by doctors who did not testify and were not available for cross- examination when the reports were of a type relied upon by experts In the practice of their profession. Se{! p..rl[lli!,'l!trn.Y.... Celotex Qorooral!Qn, 415 Pa, Super. 41, 608 A.2d 515 (1992). As for the records that a doctor can be confronted with In cross- examination, Plaintiff refers the Court to !S~mp v. Qualls, 326 Pa, Super. 319,473 A.2d 1369 (1984). In that case, the Court said: It Is clear that the right of cross-examination extends beyond the subjects testified to in direct testimony and Includes the right to examine the witness on any facts tending to refute Inferences or deductions arising from matters the witness testified to on direct examination. Every circumstance related to the direct testimony of an adverse witness or relating to anything within his or her knowledge Is a proper subject for cross-examination including any matter which might qualify or diminish the Impact of direct examination. 326 Pa, Super. at 324; 473 A.2d at 1371. (b) The first party coverage that Mr. Hoffman has Is unique. It was provided under Section 1715(a)(5) of the Financial Responsibility Law which provides for a combined benefit of $117,500. The benefits, however, will only last for three years from the date of the coltislon or until exhaustion of the benefit, whichever first occurs. March 24, 2000 was the three year anniversary of this collision and, therefore, the first party carrier is no 3 StIO!1i:NIIEHOER" ,JANtIlJ.I.IJJ' 1B20IJNOlri}lTOWN HC'J.~D' PO 00)(6(615. tIAARISIJlJFlO, p," 1710ti 0545 UI7)2J'I:i7()"'~)(171712,14'.'l'lI2 longer obligated to pay the medical bills. .6!llt, Toner v. Natlonwlpe, 415 Pa, Super. 617, 610 A.2d 53 (1992). V. Identity of.W!tntsses to J2l. Called: (a) Richard Hoffman, 700 Hamilton Avenue, Mechanlcsburg, Pennsylvania; (b) Gloria Hoffman, 700 Hamilton Avenue, Mechanlcsburg, Pennsylvania; (c) Officer T. McNair, Lower Allen Township Pollee Department, 1993 Hummel Avenue, Camp Hili, Pennsylvania; (d) Jeffrey Milakovic, 23 Sussex Road, Camp Hili, Pennsylvania, 17011; (e) Carol Weakland, 2513 Mill Road, Mechanlcsburg, Pennsylvania, 17055; (f) Dr. Daniel Gelb, Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033; (g) Bruce McKellar, M.D., Mechanlcsburg Family Practice Center, 122 S. Filbert Street, Mechanlcsburg, Pennsylvania, 17055. (h) Exhibit to be offered by James P. Straub, Accounting Manager, Liberty Excavators, Inc., 4410 Gettysburg Road, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. (f) Witnesses Identified but not called by the Defendant. VI. List of Exhibits With Brief Identification of Each As to lIabillty~ (1) Not to scale scene diagram; (2) Scene photographs; (3) Vehicle photographs; 4 9HOUl1Nnl!RGER" JANUlll, u.p IWO UNOursrowN ROAD. PO UOX 605<15 .IWIRlSIIURG, I'll 171~n.~5 l717i2,'J4,3100.11'''< (1171234-8212 Rc: I{ichurd Hoffmun I'uge two 1/6/98 ( ncxl suw Mr. Hoffmun six weeks lutcr on May 16, 1997, Al thut timc, tvtr. Hoffmun wntlnued to compluin of pllslcrim neck puin although his IHlnd symptoms were rcsolving, Examination und x-mys utthis time wcre unchunged. I suggested thut hl~ begin u course of fllrmul physicul thempy ut thut pllintto help resolve his symptoms morc fully. I nl~xt suw Mr. Hoffman on July 2.1997. At that lime he continued to compluin of symptoms of pain und pureslhcsius in his upper extremities but stated thut his symptoms were gmduully improving with time, Examination ut thut time mvealed u severcly limited neck mngc of motion which wus puinful but otherwise unremarkablc. ^t that point ( encouraged Mr. Ilol'fmun to continue with his conservutivc thcmpy progmmund to see nw again in three months, ( next suw Mr. I-Ioffmun on Octob':r 3. 1997. He continued to huve neck pain at thut timc us well us complaints of right urJllllnd Icg puresthesius. Exumination lit thut time continued 10 rcveala decreused range of neck motion und somc minor reflex chunges in his right upper extremity. Since he had had six Illonths of persistent symptoms with a peripheml neurologic component. I suggested to Mr. Hoffman at thut time that he obtain un MRI seilll of his ccrvical spine to rule out any significunt pathology l;uusing potentiulneurologic symptonK Mr, Hoffman underwent this study on October 10.1997 und (reviewed it on October 16, 1997. Thl~ study showed no evidence of any significant spinal cord compression. (lust saw Mr. I-Ioffmun on November 12, 1997. lie conllnued 10 huve the sume complaints ut thut time. ^t that visit I had reviewed his MRI with him und explained to him thut there were no lesions in his eervicul spine to UCCOUIll for his right hund symptoms. I enwuraged him to continue with Ilonslll'gicalmethods of treulmcnt reluted to his persistent neek puin such as the use of a collllr, exercise lInd vurious typcs of painmcdicutions, At this time my working diagnosis for Mr. I-Ioffmun is that he suffers from pcrsistent neck puin rcluted to cervical degenerative spondylosis. IlIlso bclicve that hc sustuincd u closed he lid injlll''y with his motor vchicle accident. I think, within u reusonable degree of medicul cCl'lllinty. that tlw lllujority of his symptoms ure related to his motor I'ehicle uccident of Murch 24, 1997. ,t\,lthough the motor whicle accident did not cause all of the degencl'lItive change present on his X-I'llYs, clearly it causl~d an exacerbation of lIn underlying condition which hus left him persistently symptomatic. I feci that many of his sensory complaints lire not related to his neck perse blll may be the result of his closed head injury suslllined with this accident. This would require investigation by someone involved in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disease, I do not feel tbat this iujury has mude his degenenllive disease substantially worse but C(~rtainly it has made it difficult I' OJ' himlo overcome what symptoms he has fnllowing the motor vehicle accidenl. I doubt that Mr. Hoffman will require any surgery related to this accident but may require ongoing . C1 API? IIJ 2000 U' . ; " IV. 8u..ary of Leaal I..u.. ReaarGina Adai..ibility Q{ Te.tiaonv. 'xbibit. or Any Other .attar and Leaal Authoriti.. aelied Upon: Plaintiff is making claim for monies that he paid for presoriptions, however, this claim is barred by the provisions of the Motor Vehicle Financial Responsibility Law. V. Identity o~~~ be Called: A. Misty Lehman B. Dr. Richard BOlll C. Judith Zimmerman D. Representative of Blue Cross and Blue Shield E. Representative of Rite Aid . VI. Li.t of Exhibit. with Brief Ident~fioation of_~1 A. Photographs of vehicles B. Transcript and videotape of Dr. Richard Baal VII. Current Itatu. of Settlement Negotiation. state Farm had offered $25,000.00 in settlement of this case at a time when Plaintiff had made claim that he had undergone extensive dental recollstruction, and would be having substantial future damages as a result of the dental injuries. Plaintiff, after taking the deposition of his dentist, has determined to withdraw any claims relating to a dental injury. 2 ~ ~1l-" '(,0 ~'(,1l- '(,00(' ~00(' ~1l-'(,' O~ \.. ~'<.. 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".0. mvrJi".W[!I.-!,,/lD, ll1OI\\.U\\>u1I\,MD. (1It1lU1I"'IIIC INSTIlU II! <II'I'ENNSYI"VANI^ Hl.l'f.II\)Nr: (7171 76'.,~~~O . IlI(lOIIl~4.4()20 . t'AX: (7171 731"7197 ,Jltlluary 18, 2000 Rlchltrd H, Wix, Esq. 4705 Duke Street Hdn,l~burg, PA 1710~-3099 RE: HOFFMAN, R I CHARD L. 700 Hltmilton Ave Mochanicsburg, PA 17055-0000 168 26 4308 0539'7301 Dear Mr. Wix: Thi~ i~ in reference to RICHARD r" HOl'F't<IAN whom I initially ~aw in my Poplltr Church Roltd Of [i ce on ,January 14, 2000 for an Indopendent Medical Examination. Mr, Hoffman Is a 61-year-old gentleman, He is gonorally In good health. He did teIl ',le that: he has been t:old that he has possibly borderline di3botes. Ho was involved in an automobile accident in March of 1997. He Wd9 driving a '94 Chevy Caprice staUon wagon and his Car was struck by a woman driving a Ni99an Sentl't'l. His car was Htrllck on the right real~ side and Mr, Hoffman's car WdS Bpun arc/und, The' car traveled up over a curb and then down over an ernbankml'llt. lie fltates he felt like the car landed corning directly vet'tlcaIly, that: is lar,ding on all four wheels, rather than nose down as the allbag did nut deploy. 1.11'. Hoffman oelic\'8S that his car \vas traveling about 30-35I11ph, The citr that hit hi" vehicle may have been doing 20 rnph. It was coming out of a !:lide street. Mr, Hoffman believes that he was unC'o/HJC:iOlI9 probabl)' from 1-] minutes. He oocs Btato he was wearing his He21tbolt. He doesn't l"eally recall whethel' his head hit anything at the time of the accldont. He reporul he '.ioe3n't l'c.Jl1y recall a lot about what happened right after the accident, He lHates most of the things that he c.'an repol-t about are thing9 he hau n:!ad or been told Hince the acc.tdent, He l"t:~portH tllat he vN:H.I tab::m back to his offico. He reports that he works on (Jettysbur9 Road in the 4'100 block. The accident: happened in the 46 or 4700 block of \.jet.ty~Lury Road, He lepcntn lw was taken back to his uffi'::'e, got .::l company car, and actually drove hOl11e. lie repol'ts that drive was about three milfHl but hn clor:n not l'erJ1{~mbe:c rnuch of. that drive. The nfJxt morning Mr. Hoffmall did H(~f"!k rncd.i.cal dttention at; fvlf.~chani(1fJburg Pamily Practice. He W.Jl9 Beo.n by a [i~mJdf~ ph1'81cic1ll. !lo. dOC9 not n:mernbm~ her namo at thin point, He l'f:>POi;'UI th,lt: he \v.)~j (l\',11\lJl:ed and hpllc:VPH he ~vas treated initially ju:H: with Advl.l. Iln rf'pot'tn t,hdL J]rllce N,iCKf'lLlr, M,D. evclltuo:llly saw him and did send him (or ph't'~liC'al Uwrnpl' fir:.!!: il1; Seidln, He had a series of physical thcl:apy VIIIIUJ at ~:~eidlo dlld wlwn they \'If.~ro not: BllccestJ[ul, he went to 2Inot:hpr phyn 1 (;,d L})f'rilPY fat' i 11 ty fur f"ul"t:hr>J: t1WJ'dPY. He rcportl1 that the phYHical Ulf-~rapi~Jt;'8 l;jfJt ndme ~"',]!-I (lit:hr'l' l~t?d 01: Redman. It was a woman, \)flllk)l-li,,( ~1'1U1r.c)r;~ tw AllllRr,5S At.!. \:nKIU',SI'oNClFNCr. TO: H 7~ "Ol'l AM Cllllt\UI 'tOAD, [MU' 1111.1" "A 17011 ~'~rtlMii~~~~ "~~,'),!l'41~~~,g::lC.fjOO,~jj~~~I:IJ~b~tri~~rr, lM"i ~'r.Sl ~~l',llI\nl~flb~~5fCjijS"8 7~1i\fJ~Ll:i~,'i&!'~~ti. !lEi 1I0FFMAN, RICIIARD [,. PAOE 2 January 19,.2000 Thill WI19 at a physic"l thm'opy facility on Route 114 and he was helped with the thfH-I'PY ilt that timo. He rcpol.ts that he was haVing a lot of pain at the time he went for the aocond aeDBion of physical therapy. He had a lot of pain at t1", base of the neck and crunching and he reported tightnes9 in the uppor uhouldm's. lie was actually taught some relaxation techniques which he b~li.vell helped him Bignificlntly. The phYDical therapist alDo used olectrical stimulation which he believe9 was helpful. Mr. Hoffman i9 an oxet'utive [or an excavation and paving company. He reports that he does work ev",-y day, He reports that ho i9 not able to do a9 much a9 he did prior to the accldenc. lie ,-eports that the biggest change in hi9 job is that he used to dl-ive 35/000 miles per year, but now .is only able to drive about 1,000 a month, lie reports hiD other change in terms of his wellbeing i9 that he used to be able to feel rested after six or seven hours of sleep but now it ca.n take more to give him a feeling of being well reDted. rllr. Hoffman l'ecentl'l saw \13lt:er P~ppelrr:dn, D,':), 2nd Dr. Peppelm:--.n did nllggest that he take Celeb.rex. He had previoClsly been taking Voltaren and he states he actually believcD the Voltaren helped him with his pain relief to a greater extent than the Celebrex. Mr. Hoffman doeD take, in addition to the Vol taren, which he is back on, Prilosec, for bis stomach and he does take Amitript.yline. He believeD it i9 a small dose, either 10 or 20 mg of Amitriptyline at night. fie repons that 11e does take calcium supplements and also Chondroitin Sulfate and he believes that he Is somewhat impressed with the results of the Chondroitin. He report9 that he has been taking that for a yea rand a ha 1 f . On a pain 9cale of 0-10, 0 being no pain and 10 being reports that the pain after the accident, right after a 7,5 compar"d to the worst pain he ever had which iD mor" recently with pain r"diating aroUlJd his thorax. while t"king the Voltaren and the Chondroitin Sulfate his pain at 2-] on that 9ame scale, pain at its worse, he the accident, was about the pain he has had fie reports that now that he probably rates He reports that he did have pain in 1983 and did see someone in our office for that, He V.'as diagnosed ~.,.ith degenerative disc disease, He was shown stretching exercises. fie reports that the pain laDted a cGuple of weeks at that time and then abated. He reports that he had no pain between 1983 and the time of the accident with reppect to his neck, He reports that he does think the Chondroitin Sulfate has helped him gain range of motion, especially with the turning of his chin to his right and left, He reports that he still has some ttcrunching" at the base of his neck. That actually does make him think of pain sometimes, He reports that ~.,.hen he drj.ves i;~Vt21~Y ~.)ump or jar hurts hiD neck and that if he even steps down hard while walking it will caUDe pain at the base of his neck. fie repOl-ts that when he does drive a car he will still have CI tendency to tighten his musculature and he has been taught in physical therapy to try to relax and that does help him somewhat. lie reports that he will occasionally get some pins and needles In the back of the right hand and the top of the right foot, especially toward the end of the week. He ntateH it used to be real bad and now it is just more of an ir.ritation or a nuisancf3, He repor.UJ that he will be awakened out of a sound sleep and have to Dhake his handD. He repolts he gets that about once a night, right about in the mi.d point of hiB :Jleep. He I'eparts that right IH:, IIUI:'FI~AN, IU('IIAHIJ I" I'^O/!l 3 lTi'HHlllry 1 B, ~!OOO .,I'tl'l- tile <1c<'ld,,(,t 11'1 dnve10ped blunino"s in both ayes. He reported before tile Ilcdd'''lt 110 "o\lld read in bed without his glasses and he was not able to rlu that after tile ilL'l~idf~nt. Hr~ states that the left eye haa improved to the polllt tllat: lio "illl do tllat again, but not with the right eye. He repons that hn if] irriL:\tf!d at Lhe baeo of the neck by cold weatherl and when he does get Jnc,:eafled nc-!cK pain he will also get nome headaches, lie reports that he gets pa.tl\!J t:1lflt Bti:n-t at the ha90 of the BKull and l-adiate up around both the ,:ight and If:'ft gidcfI but: }18 (Jet A Borno frontal headache~l on the l~l~lht ~ide. 110 report 9 t ha t he clUC8 !lot: S}l'l:. heada ChC8 wi t.hUllt firs t gel: t i n9 the neck pain, t~r. Hoffman doos work for flihpl"ty f.):ca.vatonJ. Mr. Hoffman hasn't, seen Daniel. Gelb, f'.1,D, for over: a }leat' and MI'. Hoffman did see Dr. PBppelman but Dr, PeppeJm~ln did not ~Jchcdule him for a return visit, Dr. f'eppalrnan told Mr. IloffmFiI1 that he \'/ould send a ll,tter to Dt-, MacKellar but he hae not been bac\{ to Hee Dr. ~lacKellar .:Jince he Si)'t.J Dr. Peppelman. On phI'Bical examjnaticn this I.:lentlf'11L3.11 l~38 hYPl:L1Ctiv(~ Ir:flc'.l-!a through<Jut the upper extt'ernitJeg but thet'e <H"e no abnonnal r:ef:lpxe9. 110 hag excellent motor tone in bath upper extremit.iofl. 1-10 i!J right."llCllldL>d. Then.! ig no fasciculation, He has 5/5 motor stn:ngth in all lIluHcle groupn t.Gsted, He can fon.,rard flex hi8 chin and :Jf~t it down to about 1 1/2 inchuB of hiFJ chest. He had some slight increased pain on vertex cOlllpnwBion, He r:eport.9 he has increased pain with hyperextension. lie can hyperex'.:encl about 20 degrees. He can turn his chin to t_he left about 30 degrees, and to the right abaut 45 degrees. Tilting his head to the left causes a pull in the right side of his neck and tilting to the right cauBes fwme pulling :in the left side of his neck. Mr. Hoffman has no pain in the midline on palpation. He has tenderness more to the left than the right of the midline over the facet joints. He has I10 muscle spasm in the paraspinal musculature or in the trapezius muscle, ~Ie did report to me that he does do exercises to try to keep hi9 neck strong and the strength in his neck and his neck 9ize has gone from a 17,5 to an 18,5, I Ilave X-rayed this geJ1tleman'g cervical spine today, I did a lateral of his neck in flexion-ext.f:!nsion, He doL'S have significant degenerative disc disease at C5-6 and C6-7 with significant .pur formation anteriorly at C5-6 and Bome post.erior spurring at C5-6 also, He has no abnormal motion with flexion-extension films, On the AP he has a slight amount of a scoliosis of the cet'vieal Bpille, apex to the right. The pain that t>1r, Hoffman had around hi!::! ribcage began in about tllay of 1999 rind lasted until jlwt recp.lltly. I did review an MRI of Mr.Yoffman's thoracic spine. It doefJ BhciW a bulging disc at 1'5-6 and an additional disc at 1'7-8 and one at '1'8-9, The dJ~JC' at 1'5-6 dOE:EJ show 90me very sliSlht indel1tatioll of the thoracic cOl"d, He reports t)lat }le t}lillks he has probably imprDved ail much ;HI he 1B 901n9 to improve, He repOt't8 that he has probably becll at:atu9 qllO over tile last year, He feels he 19 about as good as he is going tn get i;ind 110 has llklintained that lovel, although he .is concerned about taking the Voltaren and tho Prilo8ec ~1nd what these drugs might do to him. Dr MacKellar- does provide him with th8 medication. RE: HOFFMAN, RICH,\RD L. I'AGE4 ' January 18,,2000 I have reviewed medical information provided to me. X-rays from Seidle hospital, performed on ,July 23, 1999 of the chest ehow no active disease; thoracic spine films show minimal .colios1s and mild degenerative changes present and X-rays of the right ribcage are negative. An MRI of the thoracic 8pine shows there is a very mild compression deformity at the 1'7 vertebral body, creating a mild kyphosis centered at this level. ThJ s combines with a bt-oad-based disc bulge to create a very mild cord compression at this level, There is questionable associated signal abnormality within the cord at this level as described above. I did review Dr. that ~1r. Hoffman that radiculitis John Vickery's report of has a radiculitis at T6, is viral in origin. August 4, 1999 where he does think His initial impression is that I reviewed Mr, Hoffman's medication chalt, He does t..ke one bally aspirin a day. Doxepin was discontinued. He does take 25 mg of Amitriptyline at night, fie take. Prilosec and Voltaren. He also takes Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate and Calcium and a one-a-day vitamin. I did review Ilotes of Bruce MacKellar, M.D. It is noted in the Mechanicsburg Family Practice note of March 19, 1999 that ~lr. Hoffman began with nasal congestion und upper respiratory symptoms 10 days ago, This was resolving when five days ago the patient began with intermittent sharp right lower chest pain, The pains last from 1-10 seconds, occurring every five minutes. It does appear that these problems began after what sounds like a cold and it may well be due to the coughing that his thoracic problems began. It should be noted that in ".he family practice notes it does discuss the fact that Mr. Hoffman does have diabetes and is being treated by diet. It should be noted that although apparently Mr, Hoffman complained of memory IOS8, he was tested at better than 90 percentile for memory recall. Apparently, Mr. Hoffman was pleased by that, It shuuld also be noted that Mr. Hoffman did have rather frequent visits to Mechanicsburg Family Practice, going to the family practice about once a month after the accident, It is noted in the family practice notes that ~lr. Hoffman's accident occurred on March 24, 1997 and a note on April 4, 1997 states that Mr. Hoffman had tried working half-days and it went quite well and he wanted to talk about re-introducing himself to his \,JQrkplace. He was told at that time that he should not drive excessively, He was to work half-days for a pe:ciod of tirne and wear a cervical collat' as needed, It should be noted that Dr. Edward Thompson, one day after his accident on March 24, 1997, gave the diagnosis at that time of whiplash and !=,o.sslble post concussive syndrcnle with concentral:'Q{J difficulties, It should be noted in a note on July 5, 1996, this is prior.- to the accident, that Mr. Hoffman presented at Dr, Richard Taggart's office complaining of chest and 'lrm pain for approximately one to two years. The patient had had episodes of aching in his left shoulder and down his left arm. This occ\.u:red most commonly when he was exercising. The pain would begin after approximately one mile of walking and would persist until hn stopped, He was worked up for this to rule out any cardiac symptoms. It should be noted in 1992, he complained of right shoulder pain and Vias felt to have a right supraspinatus strain. It should be noted on aune 51 1986, MI', Hoffman saw Dan Coller, ~1.D, His complaint was neck pain. He had had RE, iWFFNIIN, RICHARD L, PIIOE 5. January IB, 2000 l'8ClltTf;ont neck pain ujnce 1.982, A cervical 8pine X~ray was done on March 24, 1~8) which was posltive for degenerative disc disease at C5 through C7 with degBnBl.~tiva o9teopllyte formation ill the sarno area and moderate bilateral alltHf)Or vf~l.tebl'al foramina! impingement in the same area. His diagnosis was degonel'.:lt.iv8 d.i.~c diflease of the neck! C5 through C7j and muscle strain of the left Hide of the neck, This gentleman did have a chest X-ray done on ~r\lne 15, 1989. The conclusion was moderate degenerative changes in the thoracic spine. The heart. and lungs were negative, He also had X-rays of hi9 corvical "pine done in 1983 and this did show that there is narrowing of the C5.6 and C6-7 illtervertebI'al disc spaces, consistent with degenerative dhlC dJ.!H.!nse. There iEl rllodel'a.te bilateral C5-6 and C6-7 degeneratj,ve joint disease alld moderate bilateral intervertebral foraminal impingement at those levelt1, There were descncrative oBteophyt09 present from C5 through C7, I did review notes from Dr, Daniel Oelb at Hershey Nedical CentHr. He saw Mr. Hoffman on aanuary 6, 1998, dis '.vol'king diagnosiu was that of pel'sj.stent neck pain related to ce,'vical degenerative spondylosis. He also did believe that he suffered a closed head injury and he felt that the majority of the fJymptoms that he was having at his visit on January 6, 1998 were related to the motor vE~iclB accident of March 24, 1997, He states, and I quote, "altllC>ugh the motor vehicle accident did not cause all the degenerative change pl'esent on his X'.rays, clearly it caused an exacerbation of an underlying condition which has left him presently symptomatic", He also felt that Mr, Hoffman would not require surgery, He also stated that it was his opinion that Ne 1.loHman will have some pemanent minol' impail'ment related to persistent neck pain following the accident, but he doubted that it would cause him any substantial disabillty or handicap. I also did review charts from Karkuff and Lennington regarding therapy. I ~id alfJo review Dr, Gelb's note of April 4, 1997. he felt that Nr, Hoffman did suffer a severe case of whiplash. indeed had some type of spinal cord contusion which appears to He also felt that he had a fairly mild concussion, his physical On that date, He may have be resolving, After int.fH'viewing Mr, Hoffman, examining him and reviewing his medical information, I can state the following, Thi.s gentleman did, I believe suffer an injury to his cervical spine as a result oE an automobile accident in 199"1, I can today find no hard neurologic evidence of any damage, that is I cannot detect any weakness oi: motor loss or clear.-cut sensation loss as the result of the accident, I have taken X-rays in my office today and this gentloman dor=s have degenerative disc disease of the cervical spi.ne'.vhich was prev.iously reported and did predate his aecider t. I did a flex.,on-extension film and I see no evidenc" of .instability which "auld suggest that there was not enough 1 igamentous dis':uption to cause significant displacement of one vel'tebra 011 the other. Mr. Hoffman's complaints are all subjective, that is he doen not have any O1l.1sc)e spasm or swelling about the cervical spine or muscle atrophy or reflex loss or other physical findings which could be considered objective, I do not find any abnormalities in the physical examination to suggest that this gentleman will need any Burgical procedure as a ~PAlllt of tilis illjury. He does llave nignificant degenerative disc disease and certainl.y that could progre99 over time due to the natural procc89 of aging_ Although I'll', Hoffman docs not believe that he can improve, , . trial jUdge will be prepared with case law on that poiDt. This will be a jury trial in which, pursuant to agreement of counsel, each side will have four peremptory challenges, for a total of eight. The estimated duration of trial is two and a half days. To the extent that any deposition testimony to be shown or read to the jury contains objections requiring rulings of the trial court, counsel shall furnish a copy of the transcript of the testimony with the areas of objection being pursued highlighted and with brief memoranda in ilupport of their respective positions on the objections at least five days prior to the commencement of the trial term. Counsel have stipulated to the authenticity of medical records and prescription records, as a consequence of which it will not be necessary for a party' to present a custodian of such records as a witness at trial. With respect to settlement negotiations, Plaintiffs have demanded $78,450.00. Defendant has offered $35,000.00. Counsel have indicated their belief that the case will not be settled. Counsel for Defendant has indicated that Richard H. Wix, Esquire, will not be available for trial until Tuesday, May 2, 2000. Consequently, this case should !.~';~I-~4~tL.~ ~!<<>. L_,-__ ~.!.J...__~__ ~~_t.;J'LL_ CJYIL_~~__ . "......; ... . 1. \ . ~l. ! 2.1 1- fJ Si~ ~ () 'J({l Ve y'" __ 3.' ~)(, t::.:txirl~ 4..:13 "Rq~-'D;3, 5.' 5.9.. /JjiV1iflgd.fiou.ld " ft.' k2 3 , Ol.Li 6 ~,.3f;. i2L 7.' 8/ Pfr;Jb. K€.nnedy " BI/~ I. P2 8.1. ( lJf~ ,~d~ . 9.' 1:5. >RI~c.h~Ud I<(~ 10.' 11q L, nda, ('ax ve r 11.' ,lCL'LLJ-&-lfS KUn t Il tralJ l2.' _a~tsy r?LV-k.-_~___ lJ.' _.:=LJ1lLUiQ./Yl ttDLUe ~__u 14.8 _~. ~Struu~__ . I').' !lLJ!Jilj~~'; I TLp:;Or0d3 "ro.f q1 V-r&:ii (j~ D~ ~ 17.' );)7 -=fITr~n(~ Mfer-"d~i 18.' ._~ 1hrnasQ~ 19.' J'j 7 .5~Jd6rL.Gcxxi n'rYL__ 20..!1;;.. fJatr,.c/o... Jfvdt 21.' .q~LJJ era Car ptl/Ie r 22.' Jd.0 ,Ynya Sfn/fh ,~ , ! j !~ , , , , I < 1 i . \ ' \ i ,\ f , , n. , 24.' 25., I L~ , .~. '",I',. " ,.~-- ,/,.. ~.l ! ' ! , 26., _. ~I 2'1.' , " . .~~..._._--~-_.~--_.._._-----~ , 'i4r . 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" " -,- , \ SHOLL.ENBERGER & JANUZZI, LLP 1820 Linglestown Road P,O, Box 60545 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17106-0545 TelephonE' Number: (717) 234-3700 Fax Number: (7'17) 234-8212 6ltorn~s for Plaintiff Richard L, HoHman, PlaintiH v, IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA NO. 99-247 Misty Lehman, Defendant CIVIL ACTION. LAW JURY TRIAL DEMANDED PRAECIPE TO REISSUE WRIT OF SUMMONS To the Prothonotary: Please re-Issue a Writ of Summons against the Defendant, Misty Lehman, Please return Writ to the undersigned, Respectfully submitted, SHOLLENBERGER & JANUZZI, LLP By: . ' / U!;;t[~'i2{;;il;//J)0/' Timothy A. Shollenberger, ~sq, :. Attorney I.D #34343 :-, Dated: February 24, 1999 . , I'.. EXHIBIT J A - ~ ~.~~ '''"-'' ~ l"- ,,,- -,,~, .,.... \j-.. :,..~',;;:: v '. \jl'-.. ..,"..../, yo 'J .'__ c"" ,,'.W,~_~ '..' ,.l(('1\ LJ r" "'- ~ '0 ~ "\; ~ s~ ~,~ '~~ ~ '\, ~~ ~J '0 't' ~.~ '. Oi J!; II , , . { JJ , J I I , I , ..: I ~ , I I - , , I , E I , I , H I H. , V c: , ~ , (; " I , f-< III III I , ~ '" , I >-1 , , rl ~ I ,t' ...; 'I-< , .., I , :E ~ 0 , 0 I ~.c '... :tl Co 6 c , 0 , ~ U III 0 , ~ , E ~ '... , If 0( ,.... H .c: ..., ... V en u N '0 >-1 <( I '" '" III >. rl '" .c: ..., .... 1.\ 't} ;.. l:J " d ,..; '... ...; Iil,fr z l>:; ~ u State Farm Insurance Companies February J, 1999 .....u hi. .. U"UUNr,~ Timothy A. Shollenberger, Esq. Shollenberger & Janu~zi, LLP POB 60545 Harrisburg, fA 17106-0545 RE: Claim Number: Insured: Date of Loss: 'lour client: 38-7257-895 Misty Lehman 3/24/97 Richard Hoffman Veal' Mr. Shollenberger: This letter serves to respond to your demand package. I am sending this via fax per your request sinr;e we had such difficulty reaching onB another over tha phone recently. In roviewing the information provided, I note that Mr. Hoffman suffered post concussive syndrome, soft tissue cervical strain and sprain with an aggravation of degenerative joint/degenerative disc disease, resolved visual disturbance and oxtensive dental restoration. You outlin~ substantial financial loss that your client sustained due to the auto accident but it appears not to be docwnented as proof. For example, you indicated that Mr. Hoffman accepted a $100 per week raise but felt he could have negotiated a higher figure. You ask us to calculate that into the value but it isn't proven that he could have gotten the higher figure. You also indicate that he may have to retire early yet I note that Dr. Gelb indicates that his injury shOUld not cause him any substantial disability or handicap. It appears that Mr. Hoffman continued to work since the accident. Mr. Hoffman outlines extensive out of pocket expenses such as lawn care service, prescription$ and medical devices. Does he have proof for the sel'vices that he hired? His medical. expenses should have been covered by his First Party Benefit coverage. Does he have proofs of the out of pocket expenses that he in~Urred? Based on the injuries that he sustained, we are in a position to offer $30,000.00 to settle this matter. Please take this offer to your cHant and advise his position. In addition, please 1'e01 free to submit any additional proofs for our review, 5 incerely, Nadine Bennie Clllim Specialist (717) 774-9052 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company HOME OPFICE5 BLoo,vlr~nlON H.l.INOI~, ~1/1() 0001 '1.' BIT," I ' " 74X ,\.2<121,1 2000 I' ^ Super 401 (C1l. U~: 74H A.2d 21J) A'hl.y Nirlll. SONJ.lN, U IIIlnlll', b)' her "uI'.nls nnd Nullll'lll Gllllrdluns, IIl1nuhl ,I, SONLlN ulld ,11I1 SlInlln, und 1I0nuhl ,I, SlInllll "Inl ,111I SlInlln, 1tIlIII'Idnull)" IIl1dln 111.11' II\VII rl~hl I', AllIN(;TON i\U:I\IOIUAl. 1I0SI'nAl. nnd Mil SlIrkls 1\I01IIII.lllln, M,Il, nlld Nllhnlll{u~al'lIn, I\I,IJ, and Eric ,I. I\IlIrK"II" 1\1,1).. 1I1111l.lInr,'ncl' A, SOlllers, M,Il.. Appcllee" Apl,.al "r .111I Sonlln, i\shh~y Nlculc Sunllu1lllllhwr, hy her ParL'lIh and Nlllllrlll (;nlll'lllans. I)OIllllld ,I, SlInllll and ,JIll SOlllln. ulIll lIonuld ,I. Sonllllllllll ,JIll SOlllln. ludh'ld'llllll' llnd In lI..h' Oll'n rlKhl I'. Ahlll~lon l\Ielllorllllllospllallllnl ,\rll Sarkl, i\loomlllln. 1\1,11, und Nllhllll 'h~II"lIn, i\I,l), IInd Eric ,I. i\llIrKIIII" i\J.II.. IInd J.llnr.nc,' A, SOllll'l'S, ~I,I)., t\PIH!lIccs. Apl..ul of Ashley Nlc"l. Sonlln, h)" her "III'1'nl'; IInd :'oOulUral (;lIl1rdlcns. lIollald ,I. IIl1d ,1111 SlInlln. Ashk)" Nlrllle SOlllln. U Minor, h)' her I'urent' und Nalllrlll Gnln'lllans. I)onald ,I, !,onllllllnd .Jill SOIlIlIl. "lid lJonllld .1. SOlllln IIl1d ,Jill SOlllln, Indll'ldlllllll' IInd In thdr IIII'll rlKhl I'. AhlllKllln ~'enlln'lulllospllllllllld Ai'll SlIrkls Mllollljlall, i\J.Il, "lid Nlllllla J{1I~a\'UlI. 1\1,11. IlIId l.lInrcne.'\, SOlllers. i\J.II" Appellees, Al'l,cIII or Ahlllglon ~1.nlln'lalllllspilal, Ara Sarkl, i\loollljlulI, l\I.n.. Nllllna 'hKIII'Un, 1\1,1), SHp~ril.lr ('0111'1 nt' Pennsylvania. A'gucd ill"~, 7, IlJ'Jll, l'i1cd I'eh, 17,2000, Reurgnmenlllcl1ll'l1 Mllrch .II, 20011, P;lrClll~ hrnuglll Ilu:dic.ll lllalpnlL'tl('e <lclIOIl against hnspillll l:Iull physicii\n~, alleging IIcghgcn-:l' that rosulted in panial ampulation of their daughlL'r's leil kg when she was II d,lYS old, Liability WitS CtHIL'l'dcd, ,1Ild aftcr Jury lr~al in the ('ourt of ('t)1l1ll1011 Pkas, r..-lolltgollll'IY Counly, Civil DIvision, No. ~l.t, O.\X5'l, sllhl'I'S, L parenls \\'l'rL' ,l\\'nrd~d $2,.'ln,:-:~t) 111 damagl's. P"lIll'S llppl'all'd. ThL' Superior ('011I1. Nos \.1HI, L1H2 ill,,115,\(1 mil 1'19'1, MOIlIt'IIHlr", .I" held I'~ue I Iltllt (II ilS"'SSIlICIlI "I' delll>' dlllllUgCS \l'as Il"t 1"lIed hl' ~l'lllt'Illl!1lt offl'l': (2, parclll~ l:ould nol rl'rovcr 011 IIcglig\!1I1 inlliclloll of l'lllotiOllill disll'CSS L'IUIl11; llml (J) Ill'riodk PilYllll'llh 1i.1I fUIUll' damage!> l'tluld not he 1I11"\I'ed Hlldel llellltht'iln' SelVle", tvlidprat'ltt'L' ,,\,,t. t\Hhll\l'(111I pall, vacated in pari, ilnd rCllIamh.'d, III A"I'E;\1. ANIl EIUHIIl ~9H4(1) .\1I~'IH'1i II Ilw Supenol' ('ourl \\!II1101 disturb till appl'''l thl' Irial court'., .manl of dl'lay dlllllU~l'S ahscllt an ahusc of dhl'tcliull. Ruk's ('Jv.ProL''1 Ruk' 2JH, 42 Pa.c.S,A. 121 AI'I'EAI. ANIl EIUHlll ~')46 ,\lIk'J.l6 All ahuse Ilf dlsrlctloJl by the lthal l'uurt may not hl' li.ltllld IIIl'rl'ly hl'l'l\\I:-il' Ihl' ;IPIll'llalL' coull IIlight havc !'\,:ar.:hed a dlflL'I\'lI\ (,(111dIlSi()J\, hut 1'L'quirl's II showillg 1)1' Illalllli:sl unn:usOlli.lhll.'lll'SS, IH partiality, prl')udha~, hlas. or ill- will. 01 stich 1.ld of SUpporl ;IS 10 hL' ch:arly l'1Ttllll'(HIS. I3IINTl:llt:ST ~~l) 21l)~4'J ASSeSSlIIl'lH of dL'lay dalll;l~l'S WilS not tplh:d Illllll'dkul malpmctlCl' actiull by sl'lllclllL'llt offer Ilmt did not idcllufy the underwrill'f of Ihl' Sl'lIll'lIlelll, did nol slate Ihe ai.'tllall'ost of till' stl'uctlll'cd sl'ttlement, !lnd dHI not I..'olltain a damc c~pr~ssly validuting the olTer ft.lr I){) days ur until tillll' uf trial. where sl'lIlcllll..'nt unl'r Illercly conlallll'd two propusals wludl \Wlt.' dl'Sl'rihcd as "v,did for SC\'l'll days,lI Rull's ('1\'.111"01..'" RulL' 2JH, ~2I'a,C'.S,A, 1411NTEIlEST <!':=4'1 21')k~') A Sl'lIlellll'llt proposal. III mdel' to tol1 assessment of dday dill1lagl~s, l1lust cOl1win a (,:Iausc l,,\pl'cssly v.ditlatlllg the offcr for 1)0 days or lIlllll 1I1llL' of trial: such iI tl'rIl1 llla]' 1101 hl' i1sSUlllcd 10 bl' Illtl'lllll!d, l'\trapolall'd from olltsidl.' SUlIlces. or IIlkrn:d, if Ihe offer IIsl'lf is tll be l'ollsHIl'l'l'd gL'IlUlIIl'. Rules l 'i\',l'roc., Rullo 2.tX, .L' Pa,c'S.A. 1~lllAM,\(;Io:S~2tlH(\1 II jkJlIH( II 1!llsplt;!1 Jlld pllYSIL'IaIlS wert' nllt l'lItitk'd 10 l'lllllPll1snry IHlIlo.;lIl1 WIlI1 ITSPl'i.'1 \0 P;lIt,-'IlIS' daun Ill' Ill'gllgl'lll ll\llll'Ullll ur l'IIHIII(llliJl dISlh:SS. III ilction hrought <Igillllsl hllSp!tal and phY'iJClilIlS ror lhe punial alllplllatlOll uf dilllghll'r's k.ft Ie!,!. Whl'I"C hnspital and 1'01'1'. ( \\' l''il 2000 ;";0 ( 'Ialll\ to ()lIg t !.S. ( iil\'t, \\'m~" I EX(::R 74SA2d21.1 (('Ill' 0': 74H i\.2c1llJ) physiciulls pn:sl'nll'd d('l'cllsl' t!\'ulcllcl' dUl'Illg plllt~IlIS! l.'i1SC, 161 AI'I'E-\1. ANIl Jo:RROI{ <<= 107M(4) .1 Ilk 11I7X(4) PlIWllts ahalulolwd, 011 llPPUlll, position thaI hospital and physiei;ms were not clIlitkotllo compulsory nonsuil 011 procedurul ground thai hospitnl alld phYSlclllllS presellted defense c\'idclH:c during parents' l';llfl', in which they assertell Ilcgligl'l\t inllh:lion af l!lIIotional distress claim for parlinl UlIlpullllioll of their dallghll'r's leg, whl'rc parents Slated ill IlIl'i1- appellatl' hrid'lhell Illtention was not lIto wash: 111l1L' Oil procl'dural Ul'gullIl'llls of thiS IYPl.',lI 171 TRIAL <<=1:l11,1(1~) .1XXk 1.19, 1(15) i\ l'olllpul~ory 1I11llsuil is appl'Opl'iah:ly gl'.llltcd only where the f,lCllindcr, \'Il'\ving all thl.' c\'idclICl' in li,\'o! of lhe plaintiff, could not t'casollilhly conclude that the cssl'llllul i:lelllcuts of II CiIlISl' or ih:tlO/l haw hl'l'l1 rSlahlished, 171 TRIAL ~16~ JXXk I b~ ^ cumpulsory lloJ\suit is npprnpriatl.'ly granted only wlll~re the faclfindcr, viewing all till' evidl.'llcl' ill favOl of Ihr pla1l1\1fC rould nol reasonably conclude Ihill the cssl.'lllial clements of H CatHie of action hu\'c been eSlahlished, IHIIMMAGES <<=~I 115k51 The criteria for dctcnnining the foreseeahllity of the tort of lll'gligcllt infliction of crnothmal distress, on theory of bystandL'r recovery, ore: (I) till' location or the plaintiff ncar the scelle of the traullIatlc event; (2) the shock resulting from II dircct clHotiollal impllct upnn plamtiff frolll 11ll.' sensory and contL'll\poralH'OIlS ObSl'J'\'iltlL't' oj" tlil' event; (J) a close fchltHillShlp between plaintiff llnd the viclim or Ihc c\'cnl. 191IJAMM;ES <<=~I 115k51 Parents could Ilol recover 011 claim for lll'gligl'l1t infliction of elllotional distrcss, 011 hyst.HHh:r tlwmy of recovery, for the panial UlllpllHlIillll of daughter'~ Ie~, where the amputation occurr\.'d eight days alter p,ncnts' 1'L'l..'clvcd HCW5 that phYSIcians ncgligelltly plal't:d u catheter ill their dl.lughtl~r's kg, till' news \\il~ lIut conlcmpnrallcnus wilh Ilw amput.ltioll or .lhL' 1ll'~_:li!:!('llt piUCCt1lCnl of the cathck'r, and pall.'llts did not \\'ItI\l'~S the ('lllhctL'1 's pl.ll'ClllCnL I'OKC 2 1101 ,1l11)(;im;NT ~213 22Xk21.1 PCrlodu: paYlllcllts for future d,lI1mgcs could 1101 OC illlnwcd ulldcr Ilcalthcarc Scrvkcs Mlllpruclkc ^'''l, ill pall' Ills' Il1l:dicall1lalpral.'lkl' action ngamsl hospitul and phYSicians for the pmtiul anlputiltion of thL'Ir daughter's Il'g, where p;m:tlts rcli.l!1l't1 10 uccepl paytlll'nt 011 lhl' illSlallmenl plall. 40 PX 9 1.10IK12-A, 1I11110SI'ITAl.S ~M 21l4kX l)alllugL' awurd, In parcllts' l1\l'dkullllillpracticl' actioll <lgainsl hospital and physicians I'llI' the panial allllHllal101I of lheir daughter's kg Whl'11 shc \Vas II dilj'S old, wus pl"Opcrly !lot rcduced to present valuL', gi\'l'lIt!tc pCrnlatll'llcy oflhl' daughte(s los~, I11I PIlYSIClA,,\S ANI) SI!I{GEONS <<= IM.IIO 299k I X, 110 DallKlgc ;.m.1I'd, ill ))(In:nls' Illedleul Ilmlprilctil'L' action agalllst hospital ulld physicians for the partial amputatlOll of thL'ir dnughlt:r's leg whell she was II days old, was properly 1101 1'L'duced to presl'1l1 v.lllle, givcn IhL' Pl.'nll<llll'llCY uf the d.lughtL'r's lnss. *21.1 Thumas IJ, Rutlel', 1'11Iladelphia, lill' Ashl('y N" Jill and Ilollald Sunllll, Marcy II, Landi" I'hiJ;lIlclplua, 1i,I' AbillglUII Memorial /Iosp" MoomJioll, M,\)" Raga, all, M,\), and r-vlargolis, i\l[l Debol'llh 1\1. Kl1Ight, Philaddphia, for Laurcl1L'e A. Somers, i\I.D. Bcli,rr MlJS~IANNO, IIESTL:R and *21~ MONTEMlJRO [FN*i, JJ. F~' Ih'lll'cd JllSIH:C ilsslgrlt'd to SUfli.:nor Coun. ~H)~TE~1l :IW, J.: ~I I The parlll's to this nlt.'diL'.lllllalpruL'licc action havt:' cross-appcaled from i.l judg!1lt.'lIt 1(U' $2At)~"gX9 in favor of Appellants, plainllffs below. Ii 2 On Ma~' 2<), 1<)9.1, Appellanl Ashley Sonl;1l was horn 6 \.'2 weeks prl'1l1illurely ill AppellcL' hospital. Following thl' placelllellt of all 11ll1hdicrd l..':ltlwlcr 10 1I10111hll hlnod oxygen levels, p:N I) the child dl'\'l'[Opl'd ,\ tlllolllhosls ill hn k.ft kg, ;1Ilt! ancr thrce tluys W;IS tr;lllslern.'d to Childn'n's Ilnspltal. AI)pL'llL'e,~!<lillhlt'L' to diagnose the \'ascubr l'ompromisl..' caused by the clot rl'SUlll'd III dry gallgrl'lll' rl'ljuirlllg amputatioll uf IhL' Illlilllt's Il'ft kg sOllie fL'\\' illclll's helO'.v the knel' COpl- [ \Vest ~(J(J() NIl Clallll to Orig. tf.S. (10\'1. Works '14X '\.2<1 21.1 (Cite u,: 74H '\,2<1 213. . 215) when A,hley lVa' II dny' old, FN I, Lud; of hmg lk\cloprnCfll ill IHl:lllillllfl' IIlfallls dICI;l\(.'s that blood {lXygCfl hL' tlIollllorcd 11 .1 Suil WilS CtHIUllCIU:cd 011 March 15, P)()4 hy Ashley's pllrL'flt~ on her hdullf and in their 0\\'11 nght IkcausI' IliIhllily was cOl\cL'dcd, trial was held soldy 10 dl'lcrlllllll' damages, hoth 1'01' Ashley's injury, illld 011 Appellant Jill Sonlin's claim or negligent illlliclioll (If emotional (i1slrcss, which was dislllis~lcd by the trial COlin 011 Appellees' mot lOll for compulsory 1101\'SUII. The .Jury awarded $2.1 H5,9(JO, 10 which WIIS added $J07,929 in dclay dumages, Thl..' 11I51a!lt cross appcab followed, " 4 Appellanl' ha,e dlllllenged Ihe proprlt'ly aod adequacy of the delay dtHl1agc awmd nnt! (1\1.: L'Ollrt's grant of a l.'olllpulsory 1l{)ll.suit as to Jill SOllllll\ Ill'gligent 111t1lctloll or elllolltmal dlsln~s~ dalllL Appdll,'l'S, till the nlIH.'1' hand, argllclhal thL' Irial coml erred in refusing their re'lul.'SIS In pay lIll' darn.lgL' award in 1I1stallmcl\ts and rcdu<:L' Ihe ilWiml to presl'lll value, 111121 %,57 5 We iirstll(lIe Ihal we will not di,llIIh the t..illl l'OUl'l's awnrd of damages awarded under P,tR,C'.I', DR abscllIllll abuse of discft:tion. Uberty v, Gene,n College, 456 "a, Soper. 54~, 690 A,2d 124.1 (19'17), "lAin ahll,e of di,erelioll iliaI' nol he I(1I1I1d merely hecause Iht' appt'llatc court Illiglll have l't'ached n different conclusion, but n~quircs a showing or manifest unreasonablcness, or partiality, preJudicc, hia" or ill-will, or sllch lack of support a' 10 he dearly crroneous.1! Paden \'. Bakcr Concrele ConstruclJon, Ine" 540 "a 409,412. 658 ,\,2d, .1~ I, .141 (19951 [.11 " 6 Appellants iirst a,,;ign error to II\(' Irlal colin', ~\l'ccptance of a settlement offer \vhich, it is argucd, did not cOll1pl~i with the 1'l'quirclllt'llts of Ruk' 2JR, Sp\.'l'il1cally, App\.'llanh c1l1im thatliw wrlling by wl\l('h thc olll'f was con\'l'ycd did nol reveal the idelllity or the underwriler, the terms of the offer were not OIK'n for (m d.,ys, and the aetuul cnsls i11'.,'olvcd in cadi of lhe alternativc proposals ndvan...:ed were not disclosed, Al1pcllunts also lake exception lu the dall' lIsed by lhe trial cuurt inl'al\.'ulating delay damages, ~I 7 l)a,R,C,P. lJX reads 11\ Iwrllllent part ;l.'i fIl110\\'S: fa)(~l 1);llll<lgl's lln del.I~' shall be: a\\'ank'd lill' lhl' pl.'rind OflitllL'. (Ii) III an ul'llon l,'OIlIIllC'lIl'cd (II: ~lt' ann :\ugu~t I, JlJX(), !i'OIll a datl' olle Yl'ar alkr thl..' dOlll' Orl~.!lll,lI process was lirst scr\'l'd in Ihe action ul1lo lh\.' \I,1Il' of I'uge 3 Ihe a\\'lIrd, vcrdiet or dedsioll ,," (h) Th,' period of lio\<' for which damages for delay shall he caklll:lled uuder subdivlslolJ (nIl2) shall e,.,.cludl;' lhe period oflillW, ifilny, ( I ) ufter which IhL' defcndant hilS made i1 Wrltlen olll'l' or.. (ii) u struclured SI.'tllt'llll'lll IIl1dl'I'\\'ritlell by :1 nllillH:iall~' I'espoll~jhle clllity and continued lhal offer in l'l'fci:t 1(lr at least ninety days 01' Ulltll C01I1l1lL'lIeel1ll'1I1 of trial, which l'Ver first Ol'ClIr3, \\hich offer was not accepted and the plaintiff did nol fl'CO\'e:r by *21b ilward, vcrdkl or dedsinn, n;l'lusi\'l' or dalllagl.'s 1(1I' delay, /lime than 125 pl'lel'nt or t/w actuul cost of till' strut:turcd setlll.'nlL'1l1 plus llll~1 cash paYIllL'1I1 to the plallltilT" ~I k The Sl'tllt'IlICnt ofl\.'r docllllli.:nl, a lL'llcl, contaill!> IWll proposals which at'l' spL'dlkally dl'scrihl,t! as "\'alid Itlr SL'\'ell dilY\ from July 12,' (I.l'tle:r 01 July 2.'\, I IN?), thaI is, the day hl'liH'e thL' proposals were subllllttl'd JIl wrilln~, Till' lriill court nt.'vl'rllll'less found th"l "an orfer ha\'ing a \'llllle of $1 ,750,000. remained ill dTeelllllltllhe IlIlle of Inal," (Trial <lOp, al X), and lhul tile seven dllY time period spcdfil~(1 in the offer "was a relCrencc 10 the vuhlL' of lhe inveslllll'nts, which would ha\'e 10 be recalculated aner Sl'ven days to relkl..:l then \:lllTent lIlilrkel c11lulitions." (ILL) Therl' is. howe\'er, 1\0 mcntloll ll1iHle anywhere in the ~~ltlel1lL'nl letter or it Ch,lIlgc ill lni.1l'ket conditions alTeeling IlIl' validity of Ihe offer, or of its p~ndt:llcy until the time 01" trial. TIll' trial COllrt's interpolalion of such n contingl'ncy is the:reli)re illlpropel', '1 9 Appellallts also filld Appellee,' failure 10 idelltify the underwriter of the settlement or lhe m:tllul cost of the slructured sClIle:nwl1t In ht.' ill ct)ntmvl~ntlon of the Rule. Thc trial court opllled that if tOllnd no support in the rille for Appl'lkl'~' claim or e:nlltlellll'nt 10 such inforhlatit'JIl, ~I 10 Whill' we were ulI<lhlc to locale: spl'c\lk l'use lHllliorlly lill lhe propnsllioll Ihat II wrillell seUll.'lllt:nt olTel' must, 10 be k'gilin!alt:ly used a!; a Inlling mechanism tilf the period for calculatioll of de:lny di.ll11agcs, lIlclude thOSl' l'Il'l1lcnts Clllll11l'ralcd in the Rule, our Supreme Court has addressed at Il'ast one of II1e:sl' by indin:i:tioll. In Arthur \'. Kuchar, 546 I'll, 12, MQ ^.ld 1250 (JlJI)(I), the Court fmUld that an mill sdtlt'lI11'nl olTer which hall hce:n placed on the record during fnill and 1,1Iel" Iranscnl1l'd ill 11lL' llofes of kstil1lony WilS thL' Ii.Jlll'lItlllal l'qui\'ull'nl of II \\'1"1111.'11 ofkr I'llI' purposl'\ 01" till.' Rule. TIll' nlfl'! was CllIlIlilitllled 011 IllllllL'dlatl' aCCl'ptancl' lit" till' prop()';al alld tl'ntllll:IfItHl or fnill. The ( 'oun found lhat hl'CaUSl' enp!. C Wl'St 2000 Nil {'Iillllllo Olig. l.'.~, (,ov\, \\tllk\ 748 A,2d 21.1 (Clte.s: 748'\,211 213. *2Ib) it \Vas lint spccilkally continued in cn~'l,,:l lill 'Hl days and trial hud a!rcady 1.:1I1l1l11L'IIl:cd, till.: ot'll'l t'alll'd III salisfy thl' timing requiremcnts l,)f lhl' Rull', 141': II Despile Ihe nl\,t\lal lh\'elgellCl' helllwlI lilt' iWllanll:t1SL' and Arthur, we tind Illilllllll' prlllL'ipll.' IS (;Ol11l11on to hoth: a settlement !1mposalmust contain it ch\tisc l','<prcssly \']Iidating the uffer for 90 days 01 until time of trial. Such a tcrm llIay 1101 Iw llSSUllWd to he illlcndL'd, c.xtraplllillcd from outside ~wurCl''i 01 infL'lTl'd if the otTer ilscll' is to he considered genuine ullder lilt' Rule, ~I 11 Mort.'O\'cr, Without idclIlItil:illlUlI or the untlL'l'wrll('r, 110 knowkdgcahlc appraisal or till' Unt'r'.; kgilimilCY IS possibh:, SlIK(" I hi..' tmll I..'ourt's dCll.:nllillatioll of whether an offl'r is sllflkll'nt 10 Itlll aSSl.'SSl11l!nt of delay damages depends, !Iltl'r aliu. Oil the tinalh:ial !'ilahilify of Ihl' undl'l"writl'l'. Sl'C l'a,RCP, 23X, ('Ivil Ilrm:edural Rules (\lIIUnltll'l' 1':xpliuHltory Nnlc, Furlher, the Fxplilll<ltory Notl' pr{l\'H.ks thilt till' ('ourt's main inquiry 4\S to fill' viability or II\\.' stnIL'ltll'l'l! sl'llh:ml'llt will revolvl' ahout the (osts of till' scllkmcnl. hI. Absent these clclIlents, till' tlllll' l~l\:lor, till' underwritl'r, and most or all the actual CDsl of thl' settlcl1wnl, '\iC ;Ire cOlllpdled tn t1nd that the tri.1I court CITed in accepting Appellees' proposal as SUrticiClll undcl' the terms or th~' Rule tn toll the period for assessment ofdclay damagcs.II:N2] Accordingly, we must remand for recalculation of the i1lllotllH due, which brin~s us to Appell;\llls' next claim, that the date 1'1'0111 which the dehlY damagl.'s were to bl' cakulatl'd was wrong. FN2. I\ppdkl's 1I1SlSt that bl'l'i111S\' th~ offl'l WilS 1101 Withdrawn, and because lhe ldell!lly of Ihe undcrwnter and the l'Osl of the selllel11l'1l1 \q:rc "knuwn 10 PI"illllffs' counsel," ,h~ rcqlllrCIl1L'l1lS of lhe Rule <lfL' Ille!. ("ppellc~'~' Brief al 14), ThL' OhVlOllS purpose r,f " writing to l'OIl\'CY scllh:Il\l..'1\t offers, rlOl tn ll1~l1lHlIl tlw spec Ilk prnvl!-.lollS of Ihe Rule, wOllld be defeated hy acccptanl'c Ill' Appelh's' urgulI1L'lIt *217 '1 IJ t\ppl'lIillllS argile that th..' COLIn t:rr..'d ill L'Olllplltll1g the allltHII1I of thl' delay damages from July n, I f)l)7, \\'hl'JI thl.' settlelllent offer dbcussed ahove was tendl'l'l'd, and on the 1lI0hh'd \'l'rdiL:1, thaI is. thl.' \'crdid less $SOO,OOD p.lid tn Appl'IIi1l\ts IHIlH tn Il"Iill but 1IItl'I' July n, 1997. As W..' have dL'h'rIlllllL'd Ihal tht' structurcd sellk'IIIl'llt proposals illh'illltl'd Oil .1111>' ~.l, I IN? did Ilut quailfy undl'l' tIll' tl'lIIb of lhl' Ruk 10 10111hl' dehl)' damagt.';'; pl'rlud, \\\' Ill'l'd 1101 addl'l':.'i thiS is"Ul' rurtlll'1' llwn 10 ilgr~'l.' Ihal tl\l..' dUll' used by Ihe 111<11 l'ourtlS lTIL'olTl'\,:L 1'~Ke 4 I)II('I~: 14 1\l'pellallh alsll watelld Ihlttlhc 11'1lI1 COllrt l'nell, Oil hoth pl'Or.:edmal "lid substanllvc grounds, in dj"lllll;';Slllg till I1llllioll 1'01 II l.'OIllIlUI;';'-lIY nOll,sui! App!:lIallt .Iill Sonlill's dallll of ncgligent inl1il'lioll of l.'1I101101l.11 lIiSll'l.'sS, As 10 till.: procedurc, \VC lITe l'Olllpclkd 10 ilgrl'e, lPi Appellees had plCscIlIcd lIdCllsl' cvidence during Appellants' casc, OUl SuprclI1\.' (\)\11'1 ha~ rulc<lthllt WhCl'l' a dcfendullt hll~ oflcl'cd l'vHlellcl' either during 0( ancl' Ihe plaintiffs e\lse a 1I01l-suit may lint hl' granted. Hamish v, Schuol Dislrlct lIf 1'11Iladelphia, 557 I'a, 1ilO, 7:12 A,2d 5% (199')): Illghlalld T,,,,k allt! Mfg. Co. \" DUell', ,12.1I'a, 4S7, 215 .'\.2r1 X,l (1%1>), Appellees hal'e eOlllellded that AppdlillltS' plOccduml daim \vas uhamlollcd by Appellants' InlL'lIl\tHl, slaled in il limtnotc, not Hlo Wil"l~t.' IHlll.' 011 proL'cdul'al nrgulllcnls of thiS type." (Appl'lIanls' Ilricf at ,10 II, I~) WI.' ugl'l'e, An C,'\illllillutioll of Ihe Hll'l'its of Appcllants' urgUIIlClI1, hnw('wr, dol''> rmt alter till.' I'l'SU\t, PI II 15 A cOlllpulsory fHln-suit is appropriately gnlllll.'d ollly where "lhe 1:\cttindcl', Viewing all tht.' e\'idl'fll'L' 11\ lhvol' of tll\' plillHll1T, could !lot rl';Jsonably conclude that tile cssl'nlial elr:ments or Ll calise of <ll.'liOIl han: beell c.,>t.lhlished," Biddle v. J"hnsonhallgh, 444 Pa.Super. 450, 664 A.2d 159, ((J\ ( 1')95), IXI'1 16 Appellants' claim is Iiltscd on the theory of hystander rCl:o\'cIY for negligl'llt inllictioll of cmotioflul distress clllllldatL'd in SinH v. Burd, 4X6 Pa. 146, 404 A.2d 672 (pnC)}. The cl'iteriil 1'01' stating this l.'JUSl' of action, chat i;.; for determining the forc~c(,'ahilily of Ih;: tori, arl' I) Ihe 10\.:atio/1 ol'the plainliffncur thL' scelle of the lraumatic l'VL'lU; 2) the "shock rcsult[ingl fraql a dil'('ct emotional impact upon plaintiff from thc scnsory nnll contclllporanelHls IIhSI'I'\'illlCl.'u of the evcnl: J) a c1osl.' relationship he!w('cl\ plaintiff ilnd the victim of the e\elll. id, al 170, 404 ;\,2d al (,85; Mazzagatli 1', b'erillglHlIll Iiy Everlnghalll, 512 I'a, 2M" 27X, 516 A.~cl (J'72, (,77 (!9t\(lj. Thc pluintiff mllst also have sllslaillt~d sOllle bodily harm from thc ment.ll chslurhallct.' hrough! on by obsl.'l'vatioll or the event. :\'lal.zagatti, SlIpr.l; ('rivclJaro v. Pl:nnsyl\'illlia Power & I.lghl Co" .1.1\ Pa,SlIper. 17.1, 491 ;\,2<1207,209.,10 ( 19X5), (1)1 II' 17 Till' hasi;.; of Appellant's dallB is hcr H'Cl'ptH11I, on .June I, Il)l),\, {If the IIl'WS that till' dlsculor;ltHH\ of t\,.;Illey's kg Wllldl sli..' hilll previously h\"l'll ilssurl'd was a t)fuist.', was in f<lct a thrombusi;.;, alld Ihill ampulatlo/l of lilt' limb was likely, t\ppCllilllts charilCtct il.l' 1111'1 ;Is a dis(lcll' IH.TUrrl.'nct.' l'llUIVilll'llt tu thl' iltlfl)lllOhile ilt:Cldl'lll which look the "klinl's lil1.- Ul Cupr, ,c' \\'esl2lHlll No Claim to ()1I~ l S, (I\l\'!. Works 'Flt 'If I. 'PI, I "l' '11"'IIIr! ("11, ,"11"I,"fl '1;""'11 "II, -, , "'<'1, Illill 1'(1, 'I,v "1<'1, II", "1'1. I " I:' "II """11 "III> 11", (illl, /i" illl. I'll illlll 'III'" 1111' 11t/11,,/ 1III,If,IfJl/('rllJhllll'{' Of fl'/rltl {lfIIC' IJ('~Sf' III ~(II .' III.I('{I/ ill'l 'I,. ",. 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('I >' ,I, 0 I ( ,,"I 'II 'I, ('1/11/"1)'/1', ('ii"," ;'111" ;' ('I/IIt 1/1"1 "/IIIN" 1/i"11 :011 "II (,/, "1"1 11"11" '1111" ',,,'" 11,11 "I,,'''', 111ft,. 11"1,. II 'h", .71oll'l 1./11,' 'I /1'II{'l(' 0111(., ('/li("11 I(~~'tl(~ !tCI' (, I/I.v/" 'r (, 11"1 , II", I' 111", ''1/1,,''''11,1 19,/ '1," '"", (III",. 'i/'IC" hI' I,ll;,.' 1"1,, I .1.. 11/(.. '('~' (/// (I (, '01" /IC'I" 0 t':5!~ ~ \S' ,: ";;:' :l '" :...1'. .!r J, . \t.... t~:(t I ,V' \ ", ",:.?:.c:.~ 'j f:j r~l r.: ~-l ~ --0 'J::' ~~.~ 0; Jr: i.j ;': 1 j J J , I , I , I I ~ , I I - I I , , E I I I , , ... , tV ~ I I j , / I C :. I I f-< ~ I IU I , , .- I , I , ...1 , , ~ I '4 I J , Iff 'rl 4-1 , I , I I :> 0 - I I 'rl :z: c , 0 I ",c '0 u I , , ,~ III , 0 , ,~ I . E " '''; , If ,<C I , . t~ , ...1 .c:: , '" I , .,. I tV , () . , ('oj 'tl ...1 I , , , <t; , , I \.; . , 'P I '" III >. , "" I , '" .J;: I I , OJ I 'r' , '.' ;,'1 , ;.. , l'.I " , , , , c1 .i-! 'rl I 'rl I !il~ , :z: p:; ':I: , U , , , , , State Farm Insurance Companies February :I, 1999 .U" ,... .. ....l,I"...... .0 Timothy A. Shollenberger, Esq. Shollenberger' J'anu??!, LLP POB 60545 Harrisburg, FA 17106-0545 RE: Claim Number: Insured: Date of Loss: '{our client: 38-7257-895 Misty Lehman 3/24/97 Richard Hoffman Dear Mr. Shollenberger: This letter serveg to rospond to your d~mand package. I am Hending this via fax per your request lnnce we had such dHficuJty reaching one another over the phone recently. In reviewing the .information provided, r note th,1t Mr. Hoffman suffered past concussive syndrome, soft tissue cervical strain and sprain with an aggravation of degenerativB joint/degenerative disc disease, resolved visual disturbance and extensive dental restoration. You outline substantial financial loss that your client sustained due to the auto accident but it appears not to be documented as proof. For example, you indicated that Mr. Hoffman accepted a $100 par week raise but felt he could have negotiated a higher figure. You ask us to calculate that into the value but it isn't proven that he could have gotten the higher figure. '{OU also indicate that he may have to retire early yet I note that Dr. Gelb indicates that his injury should not cause him any substantial disability or handicap. It appears that Mr. Hoffman continued to work since the accident. Mr. Horfman outlines extensive out of pocket expenses such as lawn care service, prescriptions and medical devices. [loes he have proof for the services that he hired? His medical expenses should have belln covered by his First Party Benefit coverage. Does he have proofs of the out of pocket expenses that he in~urred? Based on the injuries that he sustained, we are in a position to offer ~30,OOO.OO to settle this matter. Please take this offer to your client and advise his position. In addition, please feel free to submi.t any additional proofs for our review, Sincerely, Nadine Benn .e Claim sp,ecialist (7l7) 714-9052 State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company HOME oPFtCE~1 [lLOO"W~nrON Il.l.tNOI~\ tilll() 0001 '....;.EX.~.............~lr I" . '1"_:- -. 748 ^,2d 213 20m) I' ^ SlIpor 4.1 (('lie as: 748 1~,2,' 2U) A.hle~' Nlcllle SONI.IN, a IIIhllll'. b~' her l'al'''"1s allll NlllIlI'al (;lIal'dIIlIlS, Illlllllld ,I, SON 1.1 N IlIId ,1111 SOIlIlIl, alld Ilollald ,I, SIIIIIIII alld ,1111 SOIlIlIl. IlIdll'hlllall~' alld IlIlheh' oWIII'IAhl v, AIIIN(;TON MEMOIUAL 1I0SI'ITAL alld Mil Sarkis MllolII]lall, M,Il. alld NllIllIa '(aAal'lIl1. M,I), alld I:rk ,I, MaI'AolI., M.Il" alld 1.11111'1'1101' A, SlJlHCl'S, l\1.Il., Appcllocs, A""I'alllf,1I11 SOIlIlIl, Ashll')' .~h'ull' SUlllhl, u mlllnr. hy her PUl'cnts aile! Nallll'lll Gllardla.... Ilollald ,I. SOIlIlIl alld ,'III SOIlIlIl. alld 1J0IIIIJd ,I. SOIlIlIl alld ,IIJI SOIlIlIl. '"dll'ldllllll)' IIl1d 111111<'11' 011'11 rlAhl I'. AhlllAlolI M,,,"ol'llIllIosl,lIlll alld A/'1I SlIl'kl, Mllom)llIlI. M,l), IIl1d Nllillllll(IIAIII'III1, M.ll. IIl1d El'k ,I. MIII'AIIlIs. M,Il" IIl1d 1.11111'011"" ,\, SOIlWI'S. M,Il., A""dlees, I\""elll 01' A,hle)' Nicole SOIlIlIl, h)' her I'll 1'1'11 Is IIl1d Nallll'lIl Gllllrdlllll., IJllllald ,I, IIl1d ,1111 SOIlIlIl. Ashle)' Nkllle SIIIIIIII. U MillOI', hy her I'll 1'1'11 Is IIl1d Nlltul'.1 Gllllrdlulls, Ilollald ,I. Slllllllllllld Jill SlIlIlIlI. ulld IJIIIIlIld ,I. SOIlIlIlIIlIlI ,1111 SOIlIlIl. '"dll'hl"ully ulld III Ihell' 011'11 rlAhl I'. AhhlAlU1I Melllol'llIl 1I0sl.1I111 II lid AI'II SIII'kl, MOllm]I.II. M.Il. 1111I1 NllhllllltIlAU\'III1. M.I), IIl1d 1.11111'1"'1''' A, SUII,"rs, M,ll" AI."dll'I", A""ellluf AhlllAIIIII MelllOl'I.llIu."UIII. AI" Sarkis Mllum]I.II. M.I),. Nllhllll It'AIII''", M.Il, Superior ('ourt or Pel\ll~yl\'ania. Arguod Doc, 7, I'J'J'J, Fried Fob 17,2000, Roargllml'ut Denicd Mareh ,11, 2000, l'Ull'llts hrought 1l11.'diral nmlpraclkl' actloll .l~alllsl hospital and physicians, alleging IIq~ligl'ni.'l' tlml resulted in pllnialulllpulalion of tllt"t daugbll'l"s left kg wlli.'1l she \ViiS II day~ ohL Liahility was CllIICl'(h..d, and uncr Jury trial ill the Court or COIlUIlOIl Pll'iIS. I\'tulllgoflwry County, CiVIl Division, No. t14_ O.IX.'"l, Suhers, L pOlrclIls Wel'l' awardl'd $~,.li)J,XX(J III dillllagL'~_ Panics llppL'alclt. 'l'hL' Stlp~'ritlr ('Olin, i\'ll~ U8!. U82 IIIIt!15,10 EI>..\ 19')'), MtlllIl'1l1l1l0, J, holt! 1"Ke I Ilml: (I) asseSSlllellf of dday t!1IlIlages WIIS ntlllnllcd hy seulement offl'r; (2) parents could 1101 recover nn neghgelll inlliction of el1\olionlll distress c1ail1\; IInd (J) periodic paYl1\l'Il'-'l for future damagl's (,;oul<l lint he 1l1loWL!d uncler Ill'althcarc Services Mulpra-:tiL'c Acl. Aflil'lllt'd in part, val:i1tcd in pari, alld rem.null'd, III AI'I'EAI, ANIl EIUWI( (0;;;::0'184(1) .10k9X4( II r1w SUPCrlor ('Ollr! willllot disturb ol1uppealthc trial (ourt's award III' {h:lay dUlllagcs alHil'ut un abuse of di,crelion, Rnles Crd'nll', Rnle 2.18, 42 Pa,C.S,A, 121 Al'I'EAI. ANlI EIUWI( (i1?l)~(, .10k94(, All l.lhllse (If discrelHIII hy tilL' tnal COllrt llIilY not he IIHltld Illercly hCL'allSC till' npJll'lIate (OurI might have rl';H..'ht.'d a tllftL'l'l'1\t cunclusion, but n:qum.'s tI showing of lllilnitL'st uIHcilsonahlel1l'SS, tH partitl1ity. prejudicl" hias, or III. WIll, or such lad of support us to he clearly t:lToncnus, 131INTI:IU:ST (0;;;::04') 219k49 AS~eSSlllt'lIt of dclay damages was lIot tolled III medical malpnu:tiL:c action by ~il'lllenwllt offer that did Ilut identify lilt' undcrwritL'r of the seltk'l\lcnt, did not statt' the IH': lIHl I (osloI' tht' structured scltlL-mcnt, anti Jid 1It11 cOlltain II clallse l'\pn:ssly \'alidaling the offer for 90 (hiys or unlll lillK' of trial, where settlclllent uflL'f merely COIIHIll1cd two pwpo'iills which were dl~scribcd lIS !I\'ulid I'm se\'en d.IYs," Rull's ('I',',Proc" RuIL' 2JX, 42 I'II,C.S,^, 141INTI':IU:ST €:=4'J 219k\11) A Sl'ltlt:lllt'l1t pl'lIpns,ll, ill order to toll ilSSt!SSIllCllt of lklay dalllilgcs, Illust contain 11 dausl' expressly \'alidating II\L' olTel' for 90 days or ulltil lime of trial; stich 01 lerm Illay lIut Ik'asslIlIlcd 10 he II\tL'lldcd, extrapolated 1'1'011I otlt~\l(h.' sOHl'l'L'S, 01' inti.'ITl'd, if tltL' offer Itself is to Ill' l'onsidl'rcd gl'IlUIIIC, Ihall's Ci\',P/'tlL'., Rule '2.1:-1, 42 P,d',S.:\. 151I1AMA(,ES (0;;;::0208(1) 11 Sk20X( J I Illl'ipllal and phY'ilciaw; \H'll' IHlt l'lIlltllJd In Clllllpul';IIIY lInllsUlt with l'L'SplH:t tll panmts' chlim of IIl'ghgl'tll IlllilrlllJlI of l'lllotiullill di~trl'ss, 111 ilL'llt)U hlOlIght agalil\l hosptlal illld phY'sIL:i;IIl:1 fi.ll' the IlUrlial lImputatlon of d.IUghlL'I's Idl leg, wlwrc hllspllill and Copr. (". Wl'st ~noO:'\o ('lalllllo Olj~ {'S, (1(1\'" \\'oll:; I EX(!rr 74S ^,2d 21.1 (Cite u. 74M t\,2<1 213) physiclllllS I'rC.'lCIHl'd delimsl' c\'idenl.'c during PUI'L'llls' rllse. 1('1 ,\I'''EAI. i\NIl EIUIOI~ Q;:::;> 107H(4) .10k 107H('i) )JilfClIlS lIhallllollcd, Oil lIJlIll'UI, pm;!lillll lhill hospitul und physicians Wl're 1101 entitled 10 t:olllplllsol'Y lJollsuit 011 prot:cdllUlI ground Ihal hospital alld physicialls presented dCt1.'IISl' l'vidcll~C during parents' caSt', III which they asserted negligent inflktion of elllotiollal diMrcss clnull for partial amputation of their dOlUghtlll\ leg, wlH're parellts slawd ill Iheir' IIppellale brid' Ihl'lI inl('llIlClIl was nol 1110 Wasil' time 011 procedul'lll argulIlclll.'l of Ihis type." 171 TIUt\1. Q;:::;> 1.1').1 (I~) ,1HHk I.W.I( 1\) t\ compulsory 1I01\SUI! IS ilppnIIHllIh:I~' gl'ill1h~ll OIlly whcrl' the lilctlil1d~lr, viewing alllhL' l'\'HlellCL' III rU\'ol of the plaintiff, could not rl'ilsOIlllhly conclude lhalthl' L'ssclltial Cleflll'llts of a cause of actloll ha\'l' hL'l'11 eSlahlished. 171 TlUAI. e.::olr.~ .\SSk165 ^ complIlsmy flon.mit is appropriately granted only wherc thc lucllilldcr, VIeWing UlllllL' i~\'idt:lll.:e III fll\'Dr of Ihe plailttiff: could Itol rellsoltably coltclude Ihal1hl' esscntial clements of u causc or uction ha\'c heell eSlablishe,1. IHIIMMAW:S ~~1 115k51 Tht, l'I'itcria for dClcnninillg the IfJl'csccahility of IIIL' tol'l of Ilegligent Iltflktlon of elllotional distress, 011 Ihenry of bystunder fl'cO\'('ry, lire: (I) 111L' ItlcallOll of the plaintll'!' Iwar the scelle nf Ihe t,aulllatlc L'\'elll; (2) 11ll' shock resulting from a dil'ect ClllolltHI,:l1 impacl upon plaintiff from thl' .'il,'IIStlry and I.:Olltelllpnrlll1l'OWi (}lhL'l'\'i1111'l' Ill' llll' C\'t'lll: (.1) a I.:l(l'it' rel:ltlnll,,>hip hct\\,i.'l'll plilllltllT illulthc \ irtllH 1)1' tilt.' (;'\'l'III, I'll IlAMAm:S ~~I 115k51 !'im'llls cOllld llnt ((.'CO\'llr 011 dailll for Ill'gligl.'1I1 inl1ktlOn of CrlH)II(JllUI distrl.'ss, on hystil/ldcr 1lll'III'Y of H'l.:m't'I)', for lhl' partial i1lllplltatlOll nr dallghln\ kg, wh\.'I"(, Ihl' UllllHltilllOIl (In.'IIITl'd eight days after parl.'llts' 1'L'(i.'I\'I.'d IlL'WS tlml_ rhY~ild.I/l'i Ill'gllgClllly pl,ll'l'd a t'jltlli.'ll'r in lht'il' dallghll'l's h.'g, lilt' llews wa~ nol L'onlt'I1IIHIIUIlt'lltIS wllh 11ll' alllpulaliOll or lhl' Ill'gllgl'tll pla~'i.'lI1l'1l1 Ill' till' ('at/wit!, lllld pinl'nls did lint wlllll"i'; llll' (,llhl'li.'r"i plal't'1I1l'llt. I'~"v 2 1101 ,HIIIGMENT <!;c."'2U 22Hk21.1 Periodic paYlllt'llls Ihr fUlure dall1ages could lint hI.' allowed uudl" lIeallhea,e SerVices M"lp'"elice ^el, in parellts' IIlCdicullllalpral't!Cl' aL'lltlllllgaillst hospilill "nti physleillns IiII' Ihe '''Hliallll'llpnlalinn oflheir dlloghle"s leg, Whl'H' ,Mll'lIls rl'ltlsed to al:l:opt payment on the inslalll'llenr pili I!'. 401',S, ~ IJOIXJ2.A, IIIIIIOSI'ITAI.S e.::oH 204kS Damagt' uward, ill parcnl'i' Illedical 1ll1llpl'lll'tice IIl.:tiol\ again'll hllSpil,1l llnd physkiuns I'm the panitll illllptltalion of tllclr d.1ughtl'r's leg whell sill.' Was II days old. was propl'r1y 1101 I'l'thll:t'd 10 preselll \'u I 1Il: , gl\'t'll tIll' pl'nnallL'IlCY or the dallghtt'r'.~ hiSS. 1111 l'fl\'SIClANS A.'ill SI'IlCEONS Q;:::;>IH,IIO 2'I'jk I X, 110 I )alllagl.' award, ill parcnls' Im'dlcal Ilwlpl':ll'tll.:C !Icflon again'>l hO_'illllal and ph,\,'ill'lilns lill' 11lL' pilrtlal lllllpUlllllolI of tlwir dallghlt:r's It'M Wlll'/\ shl' was II duys old, WilS pl'Opl'rly 1101 I'l'duccd In present \'Uhll', gi\'l'll thl' pl'nll<lIlL'lh.'Y 01'1111.' dilughlcr'~; lo)s, . 214 Thomas B, ROller, Plllladelphia, Ii" ^shky N, Jill and I'onald Sonllll, Marcy I L landI'S. I'hrladelphia, Ii" ^hinglon rvfcllIoriul Ilosp., r-.10l)l1Ijlan, 1\'1.1)., Ruga\'un, M,D. lllld Margolrs, M.D. Dehorah M, Knight. Plllladdphla, IiII" Lumen"e i\, SOIlJf!rs. \-t.D, BeI,,,e WISMA:-i:-iO, IIJ'STI'R and '21~ MONTI'MlIRO [i'N'J, JJ. F\' Rl)llrcd JlISlli.'C asslgllcd 10 Superior ('OUI'l. I \10NTF\III1W, J. ~i I Till' panics to thi~ l1ledh:i1llllnlprlll'licc IH:liol\ ho\'e l'lwj!.-appl'lllcd from a judgfllelll Ihr $2"J9J.8X9 III 1;1\'01' of Appl'llanls, plaintiffs helm\-'. ~: 2 On Mar 29. 1')').1. Appellalll AHhley SOi\lm Was h\JrIl (I 1/] \\'l'C~S prL'lllaltlrl'ly III Appclb' hospital. Follnwiug lhl.' placl:llwllt of all umhllkal clltlH!lcr to ll11llllhll hltllHI n~ygt'll !l'vt'ls, IJ.'NI J till' l:hild dt'\'dopl'd ,I Ihl'Ol1lhoSIS ill Iwl' It'fl kg, utld <llll'l' 111I'cl.' (hty'; was lfllllsll.'lTl'd to ('hillln'n's Ilo~pillll. ^PIli.'lh~cs' t',lIlul'l' 10 dlilb\1l0St' the \'<l~iC\IIM ({Jlllpromisl' l'illl'ied by the Llpl rl'sullt'd III lilY gilllgrdll' l'l'qllil'lIIg ,HllplltallOll of thl' Itlfant's kfllcg IiOflll' '1.'W IIH:hl's bl'ltlw the ~Ill'l' ('npr. (' \\\'stlIHIO No ('llllllllo (/Iig t' ,S_ ('0\'1, \\'01 k"l 748 ",2d 2 L1 (Clle as: '/48 A.2d 21.1. '21~) whell "shle,I' IVilS II dilYs ohL FN I l.ilck of IUllg dc\'\~llIpll\t:1l1 III prCllltHUrc 1Illlmls dlClulcs that blood O''iygcll he IIHlIllltll'l.!d. '1 ) Suil WilS eommeneed Oil MiI.eh 15, 1')<14 hy A9hlt.'Y's pUrl'llls nn her hdlillf and in thel{ own righl. BCl.:lIu~c liahllilY \VIIS cOllceded, trial \VUs hl'ld SOll>ly 10 d!.!lcnnjlll' dUllIugcs, hOlh IIII' Ashley's Injury, ilnd nil Appellillll Jill SOlllill's dililll or lIeglig('1I1 IIIIlICII'''' or emotionnl distress, which \\'lIS dismissed hy the t!"lnl court 011 Appellees' motloll for l'OllllHllsOlY 1I01l-SlIll. The jurI llWllt'dcd $2, I H5,t)60, to which \V,IS added $307829 in delay damages. The Instant cross uppcills Ic.llowed, '1 4 Appellilllls liilve ,hilllellged lilt, plopll"Y i1l1d udeljuary or the dt.'lay d~lfn<lgl' il\\'ind and till' l'Ollrl\ grant of II l:Olllplll~ory IItllHHlil ilS 10 Jill SOIlIIIl\ negligent int1klioll of emotional distress rlaim i\ppcIlL'es, 011 lhe othn hund, argllc thut tilL' !rial i.:Olll't erred ill rclilsing thcir ft,'qllesls to pay thc dalllage award in installnK'llts and (edul'l' the i1ward III present \'aluc, [IJl21 %57 5 We f1rs! nole Ihlll we \l'i1lnnl dlSlUlh Ih, trial court's uward of dUll1ilgcs a\\'lInll'd 1I1HIL'f Pa,JtC,P. 2J8 ahsentllll ahuse of discretion, Lih~,rty \', (Jeneva College, 456 I'II,SlIper. 544, olJO A,ld 124.1 (1997), "(" In llhusc of discrL'linll nmy nol he round 1Ili.'fldy hccallse the appl'llute court l1ught ha\'e rearhcd II diflcrcnt \'fHlclusioll, hill rl'quirL's :I showlIlg of manifest llllrCnSllnublcnL'ss, or purtial!t)', prejudlrl" hillS, o. ill-will, or such IlIck Ill' IIl1ppm! ilS 10 he clearly i.'rrOIlCnus,1I Pllden v, Baker Concrete COllstrurtloll, IlIe" 540 I'll, 40lJ, 412, 65S A,2d, .141, ,14.1 (l!Jcl5), [.11 ~16 Appellilnls lirslilssign error 10 Ihe 11'1111 ,ourl" ucceptilllCl' of U Sl'ltkl1lCIIl offcr whkh, illS argued, did lint l.:olllply with the rl'qllirl'llll'nlS of Rule 1J1-:. Spccilielllly, Appellllllts ,11I11lI11"'llhe \\'1l1l11g hy whICh tile offcr \\US l'tlllvi.'ycd did /lot rl'\'cal the idl'lllilY or thi.' underwriter, Ihe terms of the offer '....ere Ilot ope II for 90 days, nnd lhe urtnal costs in\'olvcd ill each of the alterrmt.\\'c pruposals Ud\'llllCl'd WL'l'l' Ilot tlisclosed, t\ppellants nlso lilk\.' eXL'L'pIIUll to tilL' dllle w;ed by thl' (rial court in Cllkullltillg dl'la~' damage,"!. ~l '/ Pa.R.(',P. 2JH n';Jlls III pertllH'nl piln liS l{lllo\\,,.;: (:1)(2) I>all1l1gL'~ lin dday shall hc ,I\\'i\nkd till" thl' Ill'dod oftillll'. (ii) III an lll.'liOIl l'Otllllll'lK'l'd 011 01' HIler August I, II}Hi), frolll il dalto' Olll' ~'L',1I anl'l tht' date oogmal process \ViiS first scr\'ed illlhL' ilt:t1tlll up 10 Ihe date of J'ugt! 3 th(' il\\'4Hd, \'cl'llkt or dl'L'isiol1 ." (hi The peri"d of lillle Ii" which dalllages Ii'r ,k-Iay shall he ,,,k-alaled uuder s"hdi"islnu (i1){2) sllilll L','\dudc the period Orlll1lc, irany, (I) i1f1er wlll,h III, defl'lIdalll has lIIi1d,'" wrilll'lI <>lIe. or.. (ill u slrurturcd sL'llk'l1Icnt undl'l'wrllll'll hy II linilllcially rcspollsihlt- Cllllty llllt! ~:olllillucd that niTer III cfle!,'t lhr nl least ninety days or unlilcollllllt'IICCllIl'1I1 nl' trill!, whit'h ever III'S! orcurs, \\'hkh Unl'r was llol un:cptt'd and the plaillll/'f did 1I0t rL'L'(I\'Cr hy *216 U\\lilHI, vcrdkl or dct.:lsion, c.'\dusive of damages till' delay, 1Il0re Ihull 125 percellt of Ihe actu,lI cost or till' stnli.:turcd settlelllcllt plus uny cash PUYIllClltl1l Ihe plainliff ,,' ~I H lhe si.'ltlclIWlIl olrer dlH:UIlICllt, a ICIlL'!', l'ill1tains two proposals which ure spccilk;llly lil'scrihed us "\alid Il)[ Se\ell dilYs from Jllly 22," (I,l'lIel or Jllly 2:1, Ii)')]), that is, lilt: dny hl'lc)f'L' the proposals Wl'!'i.' sllhlllJlled ill wlilmg. TilL' Il'Ial C{Jllrt IIl'vl!I'IlIelcss I(Hllld that "an olln huving a rail/I.' of $1 ,750,000, rcnmint:d illl'if'l'llIlIlIllhe 'line 01'111111," (Tnill CL Op, 1118), IIl1d that ,ht' SL'Vell day time pL'riod spccilied ill lhl' Ont'r IIwas a rl'l'cl'l'lIl'l' 10 Ihl' vallll' of the III\'l'Slllli,'lltS, whirh would have to he rec;lkulaled altcr St'VCIl days 10 rl'llecl thcll ClIrrent Illarht conditions," (1<1.) Thcl'c is, hO\\'L'\'cr, no 1111.'1111011 made anywlwll'in the Sl'lllcllWIlI letter of a changc III market t.:0I11lition5 alfcrting till' validity of the Ont'r, or or ils pcndellcy untillhe lime of trial. The lriul court's illlCrpolulioll or such II t'ontlllgellcy is thc/'eron: impropl'r, 'i 'i Appellllllls i1lso nud Appl'lIees' li,ilUll' 10 idell"ly till' t1l1derWrll~'r of Ihl' sl'lIlenll'nl 01' Ihe actuul ('ost of lhe slIlIl'tured sl'lllcl11ent to Ilt' ill rOlllra\'elltiOIl of Ihl' Rule. The tnul t.:ourt opllled that It found 110 suppurt ill thL' rule for Appl'llees' t.:lailll of cntillenK'1l1 10 sllch Inf{)rhmlllll\. ~i 10 While \\'1.' werc 1Illahk' 10 lot.:al~~ spe(,:lIk l'lISl' ilUlhol'lly l(lr the pl'Opositioll lhal n wrilkn sl'llk'lltl'nI ot'll'r lIlust, 10 he legilillllllcly used as it lolling lllechanism 1()1' the period thr calculation of dclay damages, Include those c1l'IllCllls cllullwraled in the Huk. Olll Suprellle CDurt has llddl'l.:~;scd al lellst ()lIe of tlH'se by illdlrL'rlinll. In Arthur \" Kuchar, 54h Pll. 12, hH2 ..\.~d 12S0 ((1)1)61, the ('olin fOlllld thai all oml sCllk'II11'ut oncr whit'h had hl'l~n placcd 011 lhl~ n..'l'ord dUring tllal alld 1,llcr Il'llllSl'f1ht'd ill IIIL' notes Ill' tl.'stllllon)' W,l~ till' fUIlL'tlollal eqUlvalL'nl Ill' a \\TJ\tt'l1 Urrl:l' 1'01' purposes of the RIlII' TIll' One! WilS L'oJHlltlillll'd 011 jlll/lledl,llt' llL'Ct'pt:lI1l'l' of till' pl'Opo'lul illld lerllllnatillll of Ilial Tilt, {'Ollr! tCl\lIld lhat hl'L'ilWil' {'Opl, l' Wl'sl 2000 \'0 ('lilll11lo Ong. (i.S, (/0\1. \\'(1rb 70tX A,2d 21 J (l'lIe ~'l 74H ,Utl 213. "21 (0) II WllS lIot spccltkully \:ontll\\ll'd in l'ITel'l fur 90 days alld IlIal hlld nlready UllIlIIlellced, the ofll'l tillkd 10 slItlsfy lhl' lIInin~ I'l'quin.'rJIl'lIts of thl' Ruk> 14111 II Despile Ihe Iilclllal dll'l'rgl'lIcl' hl'III'l'I'1I 1111' illSlull1 l'i1.iI.' and Arthur. we lillll tlwt {IIH.' 1'1II1l:11'Ic is COllllnOIl 10 hoth: a sl,ttlclllClll pl'Opo!iallllllSI contain II ChillSl' exprc!isly \'alidallllg the offer for 90 days 01 ulllillimc of trill I. Such II tcrlll limy lIot be lfSSlIllWd tll tH' inll'IHlcd, l'\trapollllCd frolll oUlsidl' StlUI"l'l'S ill IIIfcrll.'d if the orfer Itselr IS 10 he cOlp;idl'l'l'd ~~L'lHlilll' ullder Ihc Rule, ~: 11 t\'llIll'll\,l'l', \\.'lthotll idcl\lllh:alloll (If thl' underwriter, 110 knowledgeahle appraisaluf the {,fll"\ Icgilimal'Y is possihk', Slllet.' till' Irial 1'1lUl'I\ dclcrmilHltlon of whclllt.~r illl uncI is suln(ll:111 10 loll assesslllent of delilY dalllilgt'S depends, illtt'r alia, tllllhc linalli,:ial stahility nf Ihl' uIHlt'rwnh.'I'. St'l' P;L1tc.p, nx, (,ivil Prot'l'\hllal Rules ('UIIIIlUItCl' L.'\planatory Notl', Funlll'r, till' FxplullutOIY ~tlt\,' prfl\ HIes Ih.lI the coulfs IIm!1l inquiry as to th\" \"llIhdlly of tht' SII"lI\.'tured sclllemcnt will rc\'ol\'l: ahout lillo' costs of I I\\" SCUkllll'llt. hI. Ahsellt tlll'sc l'lelllcllts, till' llllll: faclor, till: undCI\\Tiler, and most of illllhc actual cost or th\,' seltlclll\"nt, we arc compl'lIl'lt 10 lintl th;1t till: trinl court erred ill ncccpting Appellees' proposal a~ surtkWIlI undcr the lenus of Ih~ I~ uh~ to toll till' pcnod rOI nssussmelll of deluy damages, IFN21 I\ceordl1\gly, WI' IllWit rClllilnd lilr recalculation Ill' tlli.' amollnt dlll', which brings us to Appellants' next daull, that till' lI"tl' frolll whkh the delay damages were to hl' 1';lll.'ulilted WilS wrong FN2. App\!lkes IIlSISI Ihal because tht: offer \\as nol withdmwll, llnd hecause lilt' IdcrllllY of the underwritcr and lhe l.:osl of the seUlemcll1 wcrc "knm\ II 10 Plumllrfs' CllllllSd," lhe re~IUlnmlt't1ts of the Ruk' afC Ille!. (Appellees' Brief ul I,~), The oh\'lClllS purpose of Il wrlllllg In c\lII\'cy scnlelllcrll offers, nol 10 mCIIIIO" lhc spe(;lIk IlfO\'lslOrh Ill' the Hille. wOIJld he lkfcaled by llt:cl.!plillll;e or Appdkl.!s' argumellt *217 ~[ IJ Appl'lhlUI~l argul' that tilt' l'omt CI"lL'd III Wlllpullllg Ihl' UII\OUlH of tIll' lklay damages frolll July 2-', J{N7, wllL'lI Ihe seltlellll.'Il1 ol'll'r disl'u~sed <lbm'I.' \\i1~ tL'lhk'll',L ilml on tile molded \L'rdlct, Ihat IS, tht' I'eldlel less $XIIII,IIIIO 1'",,1 10 App<'ilallll' pllor 10 Inal hilt IIller July 1_', 191)7. A~ we ha\'l.' dl'IL'rl1llllL'd thai tilt' strw.:tul\'d st'ttklllcnt plOpos~ls Illlv;lI\LL'l! 01\ ,'lily 2.\. \l)irt did Hot l!llillll\ IIl1dL'f tht' tl'lll\.'; lIt" lhl' Rull' to tull thL' tidIlY danmgl's pl'nod, Wl' llt'l'L! 1I11t address tlw; is'illl' fUl'tlll'r than In ill!n't' Ihal till' d.lll' Ilsl'd hy lilt' tllid l'lllllt I" IIlL'orrl'ct. II"Ue 4 [511 hl~, 14 1\1'1',0\1;11111' ail'o I"tlIl1"lIllllllllth" lIinl eO\lft t!rrcd, UIl hoth proccduralulHl suhstuntivl' gl'llullds, in dilf1l1issIIlg nn 11\0tl01l lill- iI nHnplll'iory IliIlHiuit App\"llalli JtII SOIlIIll'S c1allll of negllgenl illl1iell<'" nf l'lIlotiolllll distrl'ss. As 10 till' procedure, we urc compelled III u~rL'e, as ^ppl'lll'es had IHl'S('lIlCd ddcllsc cvidence dUl'Il1g AppL'llants' caSl', OUl Suprcl1ll' ('Ollr! hll'> ruh,t1 thaI where a dl'lendunl has offcr'cd cvidL'llL'l' l~lIhL'r during III" liner lhe pluil1lin'~ CllSl' a IIOIHllit may 11111 hL' ~ral1ll'd. Hamish \" SdUlOI I>islllel of i'llIlatll'lphHl, 557 i'a, 11,0, 7.12 A.2d 5% 1199'11; lI'ghland Tank alld Mfg, ('0 1', I>uen, ,\2.1 i'a. ,IX7, 225 1\,2d X.1 (1%1I1, l\pl','lIel's hal'l' tolllellded that Appellants' plOcedurul clailH was ahunduncd by Appellal\h' 1IItellllon, slaled HI a rootnutl', not "1(1 wilsle lilllc 011 procedural argulIIl'nts of tillS IYlll'," (I\pp\"ll'"l!' Bm'f al ,111 11. IX) We agrl'e, All c.\ullIinatioll Ill' the merits of Appellallts' argulIlent, hOWt'\'\'r, dlles not altL'r IIIL' result, I' I ~' I ~ .'\ l'Olllpulsory nOI\''iuil I~ ilppnlj1l'i;IIL'ly gr.wted ollly w!l\,'rt.: "the filcflindl'r, "Il'wlng nil the l'\'ldellL'l' in 1(1\'11I" (11' 111i..' pluilltil'f, could 110t rClIslIllilbly cOI\l:llldc thaI the l'S'il'llllal t'k'lIl1.'llts of a t'llll',c \)1' il\'lIllll have ht'\"1\ estuhlish('d." Bhhlll' \' Johlll'ollbaugh, 44.) i'a,Snpe!'. 450, 6(,4 1\,2d 15'1, 11I1 ( 1(195), [X 111 I h Appullallis' l"Ialln is based 'III the theolY of hYSltlllllt'f rl'l'overy till' llt'gllgel1t infliction uf emotitlnnl distress enullcluted 11\ SlIIn \" nili'd, 4l-lh P<t, 14h,40.1 A,2d ()12 (J(J7I)). The crillo'rin for statlllg this CUUSL' of lIl'tltlfl, Ihill IS for deterlllll1lng the liHesceahilll>' of till' lurt, are I) tllL' locution of the plaintiff Ileal' the scene nf the traumal!\,' L'ven!; 2) the 'tshm:k fL'sultlingj from II dil'c\"l efllotiollul imp,lc! UpOIl plallltllT frollllh~' sensory and cOlllcmporanl.!tltls ohsL'rVanCl,1I of thl.: event; ,') iI dose ft'IUIHlIlship hl'tWL'CIl plilintll'f and the \'il;lilll of Ihe e\'ullt. Id al 171l, 41l.1 A,2d al 6X); Mlluagalll v. I':\'l'l'ingham hy 1,:\"t:nngIHllll, )12 P.I, 2hh, 27H, 51h 1\.2" 672, 677 (I"~I>), Thc plallllll'l' I1II1SI alsll h"l'e SlIst,lilll.'d ~,11I11L' huddy h.lfIll hum IhL' IIll'llt;1I dlsturhance hltlll~'ht 011 hy ohservatlon {If thl' ('\'l'lI1. ~1aaagatll, supra; (';Ivelhlltl \" PellnsylvJll1iI PowL'r & Ughl e.., ,\'ill'",SII)>e!'. In, 0191 A,2d 21l7, 21l9.11l ( !')X5), 1"1 .: 17 Thl' hll'" ..I' I\I')>ellalll's dllllll IS hl" /l'l't'pllllll, (III Jllllt' I, II)t)J, Ill' lhe 11\'\\S that till.' dlSl'ololallllll of "shky's kg which sIll' had IlTl'\'low,ly ht'l'll i1'isllI'L'd was .1 hl\lis(', WilS III fill'! it Ihromlmsls, alHI that illl\putatHIIl nf till' Iimh was Iikdy t\ppdlilllb rha:aL'll'r1/L' tillS as ;1 disL'lL'll' OL'\'lIITl'lll'L' L'qlllvaknllll !he i1UltllllOhik accldcnt \\llldl !lltl'" lillo' \'It'lIIl1''; 1111: ill ('np!..( \\'l'St .~O(l() :-\0 ('hUIllID ()IW l'_S I ill\.l, \\'llr~'i 7,IHA.2d21.1 (Clle u.; 748'\,2<1213. '217) Sinll, Sh~ relics hCilvily J()f' all i1llalogul' 011 till' lill:tuul sitUllfioll ill LO\'l' \" ('rullll'r, 414 Pa,Super. 2ll, hOC! A,2d 1175 (1'1'12). Th,',. till' plallllil'l' .1I.1:IIII.d Ih. ul'llollllhle shock Whl'lI sill' willll'ss~d hl'l ll\otllL'r's dCtllh fl'OllI 11 heart llllack allc!" llll' mother's doctor hnd, 0\'1.'1' illl L'.\(cllded 11('riod, refuscd h.\ IIl\'l'sllgalL' S>'IIIIHoIllS indicative of LA cmdllll' prohlcllI. This ('ourl fuund lhal the plalllllfl's ohsL'l'valioll of Ihe lillal heurt lIltul.:k supplied the discrl't<: and ldcnlltiaole tl':.illlllaliL' event triggering n~l'ovcry 1IIHIL'!' Sinll. We madc clear lhutlhc dct\th, lIo1lhe lll'gligCIICL' (lfthc doctor was till' uctionahk' liletOl'. Thus Love offt.'rs 110 allalo~y with thL' illSlallt CilSL' 'i I X Appellullts also ad\'i1l1l'l' lhls ('Olin'", dL't'I~I{l1\ in rumel' \" ~,tcdkal ('11"" IkuI'l'r, 1'/\, Inc., .l:,-I Pol, Super (d\ fl,"\() A,."!d XJO (11l1)()), as dISpnsill\'l' ,';\Ippmt rill' lhl'ir pOSlllOl1, Tl11'I'l' the plulIIlil'f WilS forl:ed 10 dl'iiVl't IIl'I sislvr's slillhorn k,tus, in Ih..: *21 H h(l~pil..L uncI' hospilal pl'l'solltll'llgllOled hl" pk'as lill assislulln,', We ill'hl Ihat sill' had statvd U C;llISl.: oj' UL't1on for nl'gligl~1I1 inflictioll of l'lllotiunal distress a... it rl'lalivc III if situalHlII wherl' tllt~ lrauma was li)rcsl'cahle, ulId ill wllll'h slw would otherWl'iC h<l\'c hl.:cn II hyslandcr, hut \\a~.; Illl'L'l'd to pal'1icipall' in the foreseeable traumatic l'\'l'nt spl'cllll'ally tH'cUIISi.' (If Ihe dclcndlll1t's nl.'~digl'IIl'l" t\lthllll~h thl' ddivl'ry or the rettl~ \VIIS nol l'ollSHh.'rl'd lhe tralllllatll' e\'ent. till' hnspltlll's ncglig\'lIcc llS 111\: Cilll,'Ie of the p!<lintirrs parridplltlon in Ihl' dl'li\'ery where the trllllnm was f()fcBccublc llistinguishcs this case from lh~' instant mattcr. '1 It) In filL't, Ihe HIllIHlla!ioll of t\:.;hley's leg {H'curfL'd eight days uliel' t\ppl'llant rl'~'ci\'cd the news that Ill'gligellCl' had occulTed, Indeed, at the poillt idcntified as the traunntic t'\'~'III, amputatlOlI WiIS a likL'lihood, not <l certainty', 'I'rllgkillly, Ihe throllllHlsIs could not hc I'l'sol\'cd ;llh~J lllL' lreatlllellts applil'd liming A,;hky's Slay ilt ('hildl'cn's Ilo,'iPllal. hut fhl' discrete and idt'l\tillahll.: traumatic eVent hccill1ll.: 1'i!~tlgllil.ahlL' as slIch only after clght days had passed, Thus what is identil1ed as a Cl'lsis p011l1 WilS not conlclllpoHHleowi with thl' ilmpulatlon, nor with the I\t.'gligcnt plal.:l'llll'lIt of the cathl'll'!', to Ilt.'lihcl' of which WilS Appl'lhull a witness, ('allll'ilrt \" KI;l:lIl' Indu'ltnal III.ul"III>I1, .12,1 Pa,Sup"I, 12\ ,171 A2d ,1'1.1 (I 'is.11 Accmdingly, lllls 1.'1i111ll r,III'i, ~I 20 ,\s to IIIL' ISSlll'S rilJ~l'd hy Appdke~ 1111 thl'lf no'iS t\ppcal, it is art!IIl'd thill lh\" trlill Cllllrll'ITl'd III l'efusIIl~ In allow periodiC paYHll'lI1 or fllHll'l' dalllagL's pursuanl 10 lIl'altJ\i.'all' SL'r\'ll'l'~ \lalpr;Jl'IIL'\" t\L'I, -10 PS_ ~ 1.\01.101 cl scq.. 01 lu relluel' IIIl' dillllagt'S to IHl'~l'f11 I'UNO ~ v"lue, 111111121 S..W"l IlOI.H:12-A <>flh. A.I p",\'id.. Ihul till' court, HUpllfllllotiollllf nnr pal1y, may cllllsit!(lf IIll1t the dlllllagl'~ ~Il' paid hy pl'rindk Of' IllSlalllllLll\t paYlIll'nts, proVIded thllt tilt: lnms of such payments tH~ llgn~cd 10 hy all parlH!s," Appcllllllt~ p,'lilsed 10 IIcccpt puynwllI 011 Ih. in'lillllll.nl plall. Allhough Appdl... would have U'l hl'liL'\'c lhut the Ida I court'!oI refusal tu order I)Cnodll' parllll'l\ts IS attnhulahh' solely to 11 h.li.f Ihul IIIi1ck.d )llIi.dldllllllo tlo so, Ih. Iriul .ourt III H\l't conduded tllllt it would in any eVl'nl huw rl'ru_wd In onh.'r ~uch pilymcnls bcc~:use Appdle(:s' solu re;ISOll Ii II' tlwir requL'st was lhl~ ullsupported assertion Ilwt sllch tl plan would he ill tile best inlL'rests of all pa~.lles, AppdlL'l'S also argul' lhat the Act lld\'O\:atcs paYlllellls IIH'I' tllilL', hut wc are not persuuded, Indeed, our SUprl'1I11.' Court has hl'ld thai "!pll'r~nIHII injury il\\'arlh: 1I11' usually hUnp''lIllll Pilj'l11l'nts, und are 1101 paid ill WL'l'Kly (If II\DllIlll)' Illstalllllcnts," Kacl.knwSKi \" I\olllhil'/, .')1 PiI. 51>1, 5h7, 421 A,2d 11127, lOll (11)XO) ItilOtl\ole ollutled), The Act provides' an oplion Wllll'h the (ourt Illay adopt cOlltingt.'lll upon the partiesl agrcellll'lll, \'0 agrecment is mandaled, and the language or the staltlll' SC!eIllS to HlIply Ihal till: court lllilY tl\'i.TritiL' an ilgr\,'clllclIl. IIcre AppellcL's provided the Cllllrt \\'llh nil 1'l',ISOIl 10 (hsrt.'gard t\ppdlnnls' rl'Jl'l'lltJlI or the proposed plall, F\'l'f1 nu\\' Appellees offcr nOlhlflg spec ilk to this t.'ll!iC which would justify the order Ihl'y seek. We find no rault with lhe court'!! dt'(,'isioll, 111I ~122 FlI\ally, Appdle.. Wlllt'lld thalllll' Irial courl erred III dl'nYlflg Iheir motion to n:ducc the dllllmgl' aWim! It) presclll vahlt.', In KaczkowskL ~t1prll, our SUIUl'lll1' ('ourt ht'ld lhat l\ilul'L' Inst \\'i1gl'!oI shoulll not he dlscoUlltl'd. thaI "bOlh a pl'OdUCtlVlly jill'lor illld illl IllflatlClI1 l"olelnl" should he rl'lleclcd ill all i\wanl of IU'lt fUlurt l'llf/lings," Id, at )lJti, 421 ,\,2d lit 1029, 10 olwiutl' the IIl'U-'SSity for an adju~lmenl of lhc \'l'rdiL't Oil thl' hasls of Ihl'Sl' factor'l, The ('ourl adopted 11ll' lolal off'll'l I1lClhod or cakullllillg d,lmages which n:quil'l's lllill IIIJillmalioll c11llcerning hoth inllatilllllllld produl.'tivily he pl'L'sel\led 10 thc jllry ralher dUl1l merely dlSl'oulllillg .1 dalllage aWllrd hy ()Oi, :;illlpk; IlIlerl'sl 10 rl':lI.:1: IHl'Sl.:1l1 value, .: 2J Although IIIL' ('our! spt:dlk.llIy di.'dlrlctl 10 l'.xp.llld lb IHIIII)! III (onll'.x!s ollieI' *211' Ihullltlluw lost L'a1'111 llgs, OJlll1ll1~~ (hal 11lL'~1.' ~hOllld hl' rcsDlved Oil ,\ L'ast' hy ra~t' hasls, il !loll'd IHllll'lplL's long sl'llkd ill j1l'nll'iyhatH:1 law lhal "dalll;I~!l'" illL' to he (OIllIWIIS,l!IlIY lothl' nil! l'.\tl' 11 I or llll' IIIJury sU...tililH'd," and that actuall'olllpl'll~atiol\ is gi\'l'll "hy gl'il<luiltlllg ('tlp1. ( Wl'sl 20()() ~1I CI.Jilll ((I (lng (:s (,0\1. \\'lIlks y yy.y. . .. ..r...."::..: L:c'~'~ ' . 1./ IV.I " 1'1 i.'.[.' II .. t:; III I'." {I ~ \-1, ~i\' II ~; 1'.1 "'r .;-.> f\fk/:.t','"<F j~ ~';\ ;\,,',~,h I;, ''i .., l,. f'j'" 'J f ,."'\,:,# l\ '" :1t1-1' --'-~- .... - C :E CJ tn a: - u. ~~ ! Ili~s ..jj ~ IlIIl~ . J :Sci~ ~n:31 100 - .... ~ It: <( :t ~ J..' "- /.': \ lY' ,':i '. \':, "..' '.'.',' '. J n '.1' ,; ,~(. ) .Ij-- .....l.iI .;// .. ~",4- ''''l~' _~h, ;y ~V' Ii- , ~ ~ ~ ~~I !IIE ~ i~ :.::J c:i E!' oa.:,g ~ .j!! ...:! '.' ~ ....- RICHARD L. HOFFMAN and GLORIAM. HOFFMAN, Plaint] Hs v. MISTY LEHMAN, Defendant AND NOW, this IN 'l'IIE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION - l,AW No. 99-247 CIVIL TERM ORDER OF CtURT ~t I.~ day of May, 2000, upon consideration of Plaintiff's Motion for Damages for Delay in an Action for Bodily Injury Pursuant to Pa, R.C.P. 238, . a rule is issued upon Defendant to show cause why the relief requested should not be granted. RULE RSTURNABL,E within 20 days of service. timothy A. Shollenberger, 1820 Linglestown Road P.O, Box 60545 Harrisburg, PA 17106-3700 For the Plaintiff Richard H. Wix, Esquire 4705 Duke Street Harrisburg, PA 17109-3099 For the Defendant wcy By the Court, ~. ,~~,r _U M" Wesley Ie, Jr. J. Esg re topliw.{~ j.;jOO 1iK3 () (-.-, C1 , , ~l ',r, : ,I . Q ..,: , 1 1.1 \~'~ U I (:{~, "(} " :\~ F, 1:1(') ~-:-- ~")~n .. ~ ~,' I ...- ~ ." ~ s ~ ~ ,~ ~ ~ < cl '" ~~ ....., '!i; ~ ~ <" ril, '" ~ ~ x 0 "J ~ ~ cj ~ ~ " '" ~ ~ :t' t. 6 i1J IlMflIIIO,AO.,UO,lIlUIIO'flIUlIO 'O"li'lll\jf )NII"'~OlIttN~IINI.t1~'f IIV.lO ~OI'WlI., .'VIIII m-U'llV , ~. r' {.l; , " ,i , ('<I ( i' " ( I Ii J , {;' : I :t I , C C ) ) , . ) et ,-I l'i 2 ~ ~d ~ ~ (: ',.~ ~ c.<!ldiS ~ ~i ~ 0 ~ ~ 2 ~ ~~ ! ...l ~ '" 1W,"'IO,/O,"IIO'lllt<fIII).i1UflIO "Otil'tiKH JNt'tvNOII'f/iYiIM,il'tl$11V.IONOt1lAK1'l/"I'fOn;U'19'11Y " . MIlY r 2 ;nor SHOLLENBERGEH & JANUZZI, LLP 1020 L1nglestown Road P,O, Box 60545 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17106-0545 Telephone Number: (717) 234-3700 Fax Number: (717) 234-8212 Attorne vs for Plaintiff -- . Richard L, Hoffman, Plaintiff v, IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA NO, 99-247 Misty Lehman, Defendant CiVIL ACTION - l.AW JUfW miAL DEMANDED PRAECIPE TO REISSUE WRIT OF SUMMONS To the Prothonotary: Please re-issue a Writ of Summons against the Defendant, Misty Lehman, Please return Writ to the undersigned, Respectfully submitted, By: SHOLLENBERGER & ,JANUZZI, LLP , /' _U~~?j:;'~;d~~J~n/ Timothy A, Shollenberger, Esq, '~'.~ Attorney 1.0, #34343 ,.'. "1 1'\' Dated: February 24, 1999 ~ ' '} , , , , '. - , .. ~':tJ'" ~Li: ~ ~ I~~t's ' ........ I,"):~SQJ 'j J- ~.~ " ~l ~ 'J: ~~ 01 . 'J",' ,:1 'i', I J .. i.. ,1, j J j , J I , , 9 , I , , ~ , I I I v 1:;, .E1 ) H Itl , ltJ , J; 1 0.1' , rl J , if 'M , .~ I , 'i > - ~ I Ii 'M ,tt: C1 I 12 u Itl '< . ,! I 'M I ..... 0.1 , ~I '<I' v , N ~ 0.1 I , I I ~I (h ltJ >. , '" .'l ..., . I '.' (~ I .;:; I ~i :2 'rl 'M lr< :I: I U, , state farm Insurance Companies Februar.y 3, 1999 tun .... A unUI""t TimothY A. SholunlJergRr, Esq. flhol1onberger , Januzzl, LLP POB 60545 Harrisburg, p~ 17106-0545 REI Claim Nu~lJerl tnsuradl bate of T.,oss: Your oli.ent I 38_n51-895 Minty Lehman 31'24/97 Riohard Hoffman Dear Mr. Shol.lenberger: This letter servos to respond to your demand packagR. I a~ sending this via fax per your request since WIB had such difficulty reaching ono anothfJr over the phone rRcQntly. ' In reviewing the information provided, 1. note that', Mr, Hoffman suffered post. r,:oncuflflive syndrome. 50ft tissue cervical strain l1nd IIprai,n with an aggravation of degenerative joint/degenerativa disc disease/ resolved visual. disturbance and extensive dental. restoration. You outline substantial financial lOSS that your client sustained due to the auto accident but, it appearS not to be documented as proof. For example, you indlcated that Mr. Hoffman accepted a $100 per week raise but felt he could have negotiated a higher figure. \Iou ask us to calculate that into the value but it illn/t proven that he could have gotten the hl.ghar tlgure. \loU also indicate that he may have to retire early yet I note that Dr. Gelb indicates that his injury should not cause him any substantial dis&bility or handioap. It appears that Mr. ~offman continued to work since the aooident. Mr. Hoffman outlines ell.tllnGive out of pocket expenses suoh as lawn care service. prescriptions and medical devices. D08S he have proof for the services that he hired? His medical expenses should have been covered by his First party Benefit coverage. Doell he have proofS of the out of pocket expenses that he in~urred? Based on the injuries that he sustained, we are in a pOllition to offer $30,000.00 to settle this matter. please take this offer to your client and advise his position. In addition, please feal free to submit any additional proofS for our review. Nadine aenn ,6 Claim specialist (717\ 774-9052 state Farm Mutual ~utomobile Insurance company HOME OflFICUj BLOOMING {ON 1\,.\.INO\~' I'll n 0.000' 74K A,2d 21.1 2000 I' A Super 44 (Cite MOl 748 A.2d 213) A,hley Nicole SONLlN. M 11I1IlUl', Ill' her "MI'I!IIIH Mud Nallll'M' GIIM.'dIMII'. lIollald ,f. SONI.IN alld .1111 SOIlIlIl, Mud IIOIIMld ,I, SOIlIlIl Mild .111I SoUIlIl, 'udh'hIIlMlll' Mild lu Ih.h' OWII l'IKhl \'. AlIINOTON I\U:MOIUAI. 110S"ITAI. Mild ,\"M SMl'kh l\IoolIIJIMII, M.Il, Mild NllhuM IhKMVI"', M.Jl. Mull .:1'1. .1, MMI'KolIs, M,II" Mud I.MUI'.lIrl' A, Smu.I", M.II" '\1111.111"'" A'II"'MI ,,".1111 SOIlIlIl. A.hlel' Nicole SOlllh., M IIIluol', hl' her I'MI'I'lIh 1l1ld NMlul'MI OIlMl'dIMU', 1I0llMld ,I, Soullll Mild ,1111 SOIlIlIl, Mud 1I0llMld ,I. SOllllu Mild ,1111 SOUIlIl, 'udh'hluMlly Mild IlIlhell' owu l'IKhl \'. Ahl1l81011 M,,,,,,"'llIllIo'I,1I111 Mud AI'M SMI'kl, Mool1l,IIMu, M.II, Mild NllhuM RONM\'MO. I\I.Jl, Mild .;l'le .1. MOI'NolI" M,Jl" Mild I.lIu.'.lIee A, NOmtH'S, M.Il., AIIIIl!lIces, Ap,".alo! A,hll'y Nicol. Soullll. hl' hel' ""I'ellh Ulld NMlu1'1I1 ""Ml'dloll\, JlolIMld ,J, Mud Jill SOUIlIl, Ashley Nicole SOIlIlIl, a Mluol', hy Ill'r "Uf'(!1I1H IIlId Nalul'Ml Gllllrdlllll', Jlclllllld .1. Soullllallll ,1111 SOUIlIl, oud JlollullI .1. Soullll MIIII ,111I SOUIlIl, IlIdlvlduMlll' Mild IlIlhell' owu l'INhl \'. Ahlr18101ll\lel1l01'IMlllo'IIIIuI Mild AI'M SlIl'kl, MoomJIMu. M.II. uud NlllmM RMKM\'MII, 1\1.11, Mild I.Murellee A. Soulel", M.I>" AI.pellell', A"I'.MI or Allh'NIOII MelllorlMlllu'pllol, AI'M SMI'kl, l\IoomJlllu, 1\1.11" NlllmM Rugovau, M.II, Superior Cnurt of Pl'llllsylvunhl. Arglwd DeL', 7, Il)Qt), l'Ued Feb, 17,2000, Rllilrgulllcul /lcnied Milreh .11. 2000, Ilal'cllts hrought llliJdical mulprudicc ill'lion nguillsl hospitill ulld physiduns, llllcgillg negligence Ihill I'rsultcd in pilnial umplIliltinn of their duughll'r's lell It'g whell ,he IVilS II dilYs old, I.iilbihly WilS l'oll('('dl'd, illld uncI' jury trial in the Coun of ('Olllllltlll l'lcils, Munlgollll'IY County, Civil Division, No. IJ4. O'~XS"7, Stlhl'rs, J., part'lIts \"cl'l~ uWlmkd $2,4lJJ,SXlJ ill damagl's, 1)lInk's llppcak'd, 'rhl' Supl'ritll ('mll'l, NtIS, I.1K I, I.1N2 il,"1 I ~.10 ElM l'llJ'l, Mo"ll'l11l1fO. .I., held "llIe' 1111I1: ( I) U','l'''l11elll ot' ,luluy ,Iulll,'g,,' wu, "011011",1 by sl'Ulcll1cnt ofl'l'ri (2) pillClll/ol could IInl recoVer 011 lI"gligl'lIl 1"lIielioll ut' el11ollollill "i,II"" dllhn: IIlId (J) Pt'l'ludic I1"YlIll'llts Ii II' nlttln..~ dlllllUgcs cUlIld nnt he ullll\Vl'd nn"er lIell1tlwule Sl'lVIt:US Mull'rill'til'l' Act. AffirUlcd III paU, vaclIll'd in purt, ulld rcmandCll, III A"I'EAI. ANIl .:IUmR ~IIH4(1) ,10k'lK4( I) The Snp,'rim ('uurl will "01 disllIrh Oil uppeilllhl' Iriill court's llwanl or dt!lay dUllUlges ilbsenl UlI uhusc of disCI'l'tiun, Knies ('IV,l'lOl'" Rul" 2.1K, "2 l'il.C.S,A, 121 AI'I'.:AI. ANIl .:RltoR ~94b .I0klJ"6 All IIhose ot' disnelion hy Ihe Irlill l'uurt l11ilY lIot be )o""d l11erely hl'l'illlSe Ihe IIppl'lJllle l'llnrt l11ighl hilve Il'achcd [\ dilTcrcnl conclusion, hut 1'C4uircs II showing of llliWilcsl ullI'cllsonnblclless, or partiality, pl'ejudiec, hius. or ill. will, or sneh lill'k ut'SlIllllOrl MS (u he dellrly CITnnCO\lS, IJIINn:IU;ST ~49 21lJk4lJ Assessmcnt of dt'lllY damages was 1101 I\JUed in medical malpnll.:tke action hy suttlelllent oncl' lhal (!ill not i""lIlit'y Ihl' """l'rwrill'r ot' Ihe "l'Ollllllelll. did lIot '1lItl' IIii.' Ilclllal cost of the structured settlement, and did not contHill a duust,' expressly vuliduling the otTcl' fUl' 90 days or unlil time of Iriul, where settlement offel' merely l'onluined h\'o proposals which were described liS uvulid for sewn days," Rules Civ,Proe" Rule 238, 42I'n,(',S,A, 141INTER.:S'I' ~49 21CJk49 A scttlt.'Il11'1I1 prnpnslll, in ordcr 10 loll assessmont of dl'luy dnlllages, lIlllsl contain a clause expressly vulidnling Ihl' om'r lilr 90 dilYs or ulIlil lillll' IIr Il'iol; sllch u tcrm IW1Y lIot he asstllllcd to he intended, eXlrupolatcll from outside sources, 01' infcncd, if the uffer ilsclf is In he cOllsidel'cd gcnuilll~, I(ulcs ('lv,l'roe" Rule 2.1K, 42 l'a,C,S,A, I~I IIAMAm:S ~20K(I) 115k20N( I) 1I11spitul llull physkians were not entitled to l'OlHplllsol'Y nonsuit wilh r"spccl tn parents' claim of lIl'gligl'nt inl1kllon of C1l1otiolllll distress, in IIclioll hlouglll agllinsl hospitlll and physicians for the parrial llmputilliol1 of daughtcr's lel'l leg, where hospital and COpl'. (', \\'l'SI 2000 No ('Iaimlo Orig, U,S, Clo\'!. WlII'ks 74N A,2<1 2 U (Cite a'l 74M A.111 1U) IlhY,ltidilll!i PH'St'lIlt'd t1l'1't.'nsc l'vidullt'l' dudng IHlll'ul'i' case. 161 AI'I%\1. ANII.:ItIIOM <!;w>11I7M(4) JOkIU7N(4) Plln~l1ls uhal1dout'd, Oil uPllcul. pO!iitiulI lhul hospital lint! Jlhysit~ians \VCIl' lIut l'lllitlcd 11ll:0I11puhmry nOlllluil UII 11I""e<l\ll'ul gHlulld tiulI hospitul ulld phl'siciulls prcscntl'd den,'llSt' cvidl'l1CC dming plll'tmls' I:USl', III which they usse,.",,1 IIegligellt 11I11I"lillll of ellloliollal lIislfl'SS claim fur partial ull1pululinn of tJ1l!ir dnnghll'l"s leg, whcl'<' pU,.ellls stuled III Ihei,. uppellule h,.il'l' thei,. inlclllioll \Vas 1I0t ifill wllste lillll.' Oil proccdural argul1wnls orthi~ lypc,H 171 'I'MIAI. <!;w>139.1(1~) JRRkI.W,I(15) A cOl11rlllsor~' nonsuit is llpprnprilltt~ly gl'illllcd ollly where the faclfilldcr, viewing allthc cvidc.'lIL'(" in fllvor of til<' pluilllifl; could 1101 ,.eusnlmhly collclu<le Ihat the essential ell'ments of II Cllllse of actioll hll\'\~ hel'lI eSluhlished, 171 'I'IUAI. <!;w> 16~ JRRkl65 A eOlllpulsmy IIOllsllit is uppHlp,.lu":ly gralltl'd ollly where lhe fl\dlinclcl', viewing all the ('vidcm:c in fkiVOI' of Ihe plaillllff, e(luld noll'Casollahly c(llIclude thai the essential l'll'menls of a f.:ause of action havc heell estnhlished, 1811MMACa:s <!;w>~1 115k51 The crilcl'ia 1(lf delcnlllnillg the Itlri,'s(~cahillty of tilt' lort of Ill'gligcllt inllictioll of emotional distn~ss, Oil theory of hyslundl'j' recovery, lire: (I) the location of lhe plaintiff nCiH lhe seem' of the lraullmlk event; (2) the shock resulting from il direct l'motional impact upon plaintiff fmm lhe sCIl~lIry lllld contemporalleous uhscrvancc of (he evenl; (J) it I.'ln~ll' I"l'lalionship he tween plaillliff alld till' v,clilll of Ihe even\. 1911lAMAm:s <P51 115k51 Purents could not WCo\'l'r 011 c111illl ftH Ill'gligelll infliction of I.'motional distrcss, on hystander thC'n~'Y of n'('ov('ry, 1(11' the partial 11ll1put41tioll of dUllghter'!i !l'.!.~, where till' ampulation nl'ClIITl'd l'ight days aftel pllf'l'nlS' I'l'ccivcd II('\\'S 11Ft! physicians Ilcgligently phtCl'd a cathell'r in llwir dilllghtcl"s leg, till' m'w.'! '''''llS lIot contcmporuneous with the arnplltatillll or lhl' Ill'gligClI1 pluccmenl of tlu' cnthclcr, illld purenls did lUll witncss the calhcl('ffs plllcl~ll1l'IlL I'~ac 1 1101 ,1I11l0Mt:NI' *"113 l2Rk21.1 Pl'Ilodk l1uYlllt'nh fill nllllf(~ dUl11ltgc" cnultl nul he ullowt,tI ullller IIl'allll\'llIt, Servkes Malpl'lletic,' Ael, ill I",rollls' 11Ie<licaIIllUlpl'lll'tice actioll uguillsl hllspllul ulld physkiulls Ii" Ihe 11alllnl ulllpolalioll Mthcir dallghtCl"s Il'g, ,,,'heu' pltH'Il1s Il'lll!il'd 10 lll'l'Cpt fluymolll on thc illstallll"'lIlplall, 411I'.S, ~ 1:\OI.R.\2.A, IIIIIIOSI'I'I'AI.S <PM 2114kN J>ltlllllgl' uWind, in parents! IlIcdklll lllulpnwhcc uctlun aguillsl hospilul alld physieialls lill Ihe purlinl umputation of lhl'ir duughwrls k'g when she WIIS II dllYs old, wus properly nul reduced 10 prcsent voluc, giVl'lIlhl' pcnnanclIl'Y of the daughter's loss. 1IIII'II\'SIClANS ANIl SIIMm:ONS 0=>18,1111 2'IlJk I R, 110 Dllmagt; nwmd, in piHCnl'.l' medical malpractice 1I1:'tiOll agaillsl hospital ulld physiciuns I'lli' Ihe parlial amputatloll of their daughter's leg whcn she was II days old, was properly not reduced 10 prosent value, givclI the permanency of tI\(' duughtcl"s loss. '214 Thlllllas II. Rllllcr, Philutlelphiu, lill' Ashley N.. iill '1IId IJ,,"ul<l SOllliu, Murcy II. I.alltlis, Philadelphiu, fOl' Ahillglllll MeIllOl'iulllosp., MOOIIUluII, M,IJ" Ragavall, M,IJ, UII" Margolis, M,IJ, Dehorah M. Kllight, Philadelphiu, 1'0l' Laure lice A, Somers, M.I>. 1Ie/,",' MlISMANNO, IIESTER ulld '21~ MON'I'EMIJIUJ IFN'I, ii, FN'" Hctll'cd .fuslil:C ussigllcd 10 SUJlcl'lor COllrt. MONThMlIRO, .I,: 111 The parlies 10 this nlL'dkallllalprucliee aclioll have lTlI\s.appeakd tillll1 a judgll1enl for $2,49J,RR9 in iiI VIII' of Appellants, plaintiffs helow, 11 2 On May 29. 19(JJ, Appellant Ashley SOlllin \Vas hlllll (, 1/2 w\'<'ks prelllUllII'ely in Appellee hospilal. Following the phu:cnll'llt of un ullIhilkul catheter to lI10ullllr hlood o.xygell levcls, II'N II Ihe child dc.'velol1cd il thromhosis in her Il'll leg, ilnd ltlh~r three days \ViiS Inllisf(.'lTl'd tll ('hildrcn's Ilospilul. Appclltlcs' lililurl' to diagnose the vasculm COllllll'Pl1lisl' caused hy the' dill I"l..'sulll'd in dry gUllgrelle requiring amputotioll of'lll(; illHlIlt's kft leg SWill' few inchc.'s helow tlltl knee ('npl'. f'., Wl'sl 2000 No C111illllo Odg. l !,S. Uo\,!. \Vmks 74K A,2t1 21,1 (('It~ MNI 74N A.2d 213, -liS) 1\'11l'1I A,hky \\'IIS II dill" 111<1, t:N I. l.uck of 11l11~ il~'\'c1tlpl1ll'lll III prcll1ulurc Il\fallt.~ dll'lall'~ Ihill hlutl!'l (Jl(ygclI hl' Illunilun.'l.l '1 .\ ;':lIil \\'a, """ll1l,,",,'d 1111 Ma.ch 15. 1994 hy /"hlt.y,s ,"II"III,s 1111 he. hehlllf IIl1d ill Ihei. 0\\'11 lighl, IIcl'IHlsl' Iiuhilily ''''liS L'olll'(.'dcd, lriul \\'i1" hl'ld solely 10 dclcl'lllilll' dalllages, holh 1(11' Ashll'Y'S illjUl")', and 011 Appelllllll Jill SIIIIIiIl'S c1llilll III' lIegligelll illllll'lioll III' l'lllntiol1ul dishess, Wlllch was dismissed hy thl' (rial cuurt UIl AI1Ill'IIt.cs' molioll for ('IlIllPlllslll'Y IHIII"SUlt, The jury 1I\\'lI.dcd ~2,IK5.I)(,O, III which 'Vi" IIddcd $307,929 ill d"IIIY dll'llllg," nil' illsllllll cross IIppellls 1"lIl1wed, '1 4 Appellllllls hlll'e chlllkllgcII Ihe propriel)' Illld adl'quul'Y of tht' delay dillllagc IIwilrd and the l'Olll'l'!.. grunt of II <"OInpubwry 1l01l-SUit us to Jill Sonlin's IIcgligc.'nt jlllliL'linn or ('lIlotiollal di!'l111'SS clai,ll. Appellees, Oil Ihe 1I111l'r hlllld, 11I-gIll' Ihlll Ih,' Irill! """11 erred ill 1-l'f'USll1g their rcqlwsls to pu}' 11ll' damugl' .wlI.d ill illslllllmellls IIl1d red """ Ihe IIwlI.d 10 p.eselll vllllle. 111121 %57 5 We lirsl'"lle Ihill we will 11111 dislmh Ihe Irinl l'ourr's award or dilll1UgCS awarded 1111<11..'1 I'll, It< ',I', 23K IIhselllllllllhllse III' discrelillll, I.ihl'rly v, Oell,'vlI ('ollege, 4511 l'iI,Sul'er. 544, 11'111 A.2d 124.\ (19lJ'l), "fAln ahus.... of disl:rclioll may 1101 ill' Ii.HIIHI IIlt'rcly hCC,HHil' Ihe ilplll'lIntl' COllrl might have rcudH.'d a diflcrcnl conclusioll, hUI rC'IUirl's II showing of 1l1a11ili.~sl umca!t{}lIahlclH~sS, or partiality, prejudice, hill', or ill-will. or sUl'h I.ck IIfSllppOIl ilS III he dellrly crroncotl~,tI Pullen \'. HuhI' Concrete COlIstnwtion. Iue" 54111'11, 411'1, 412, 658 A,2d, .141, .14.1 (1995), /.l J '1 6 Appellants first ussign t'ntll' 10 llli.' trial court's llccCplllllCl' of n sl'ulcllICll1 offer which, it is lIrgul'd, did nlll wlllpl)' Wilh Ihe .equi.ellll'uls III' Ruk 2.18, Spedlkally, Appellallls daillllhallhe wl'iting hy which the offer was ('onveyed did 1101 rC\'l'ul lhl' idl'Il1lly of lilt' Lllldl'I'\\'riler, Ihl' tl'nlls of the offer \\'l'rc 1101 OPt'1I fur 90 ttnys. and lhe ncllllll costs invol\'l'd in l~arh of till' 1I1Il~rnali\'c prtlJ10sals advuncl'd \\'l'n~' IHlt (lisl'I(lscd. Appellllnls .:so tnke' I','ceplioll 10 lilt' dllle n,\ed hy Ihl' triall'oml 11l1'akHlaling (h:lllY t111lllllgl'S. '17 1'1I.1t< '.I', 2.18 lelld, '1'1 1"'lInll'lIIplln liS 1i,lIo\l'S: (a)(2) ll11nlilgt.'s Jill. dt'luy slUlII ill' awmdt.:d iiiI' thl' pl'rjod lIftiull' . (ii) ill ,Ill IIl'lion l'tllllllll'nl'l'd 011 or ant'l August I, Il)X9, fWIll n dull' OJll' Yl'ill' "fil'l IhL' dllll' oliginal I1roct.'s.~ WlIS lilSI scrwd 11Ithl' al'lillllllp to Ill\' date of J'lal' J Ihe llwunl, n'lditl Of' dorisioll ... (h) Th,' pe.iod or lilli,' til' which <llIlllages ti" tidilY ,hull he ellklllllled Wilier snhdivi,ion (11)(2) sllllll cxdlHtt'lhc J1Nl1ll1 oftlrnc, irilllY, (I) afk.whlch the dell'ntlanl hll' 1'1111111' II w.illen OnCl' 0/, (ii) u slllll'lIIll'd "'lIlen",nl IIndelwritten hy II linllncilllly lI:spon,ihle enlily lllUll'OltllnUed Ihal offer in cffcl't IiiI' ut lellst ninety days or lI11tiI1'0I11lI1CII1'l'IIlCIlI of trinl. whkh ever first "'TlIl'S, \l'hich onc. \l'11S nOlllel'epled and Ihe pl.inlifl' did not !"L'CO\'l'r hy *216 u\VllI'd, verdict or decisioll, cxdtl~iVt.' Ill' dnnlagcs 'hI' delny, lIIorl' than 125 percl'nt of '" tht, IIctulll cosl uf the structured selllellll'nl pins IIIlY cllsh puymenllo Ihe pluinliff ". ,: H TIll' sl'Illcll1el11 olkr ducument, II Ie ltCI', conlllills Iwo 1"0110",1, which a.e specificlllly deSl,.ihed liS "valid ti" se\'en tlllYs nOIll Jnly 22," (I.ellrr of Jnly 23, flJ'I7), Ihlll ", Ihe dill' he fore Ihl' p"'po,"ls we.e Sllhlllilled in wriling, The In.1 c'""llIeveliheless fOllnd Ihul "111'1 onc. IlIlVing II vulne of $1,7.\0,000, rewained ill eflccl nnlillhe lillle oft.ial." (T.ial ('I. 01" aI8). ulld Ihal Ihe seven day lillle pe.iod specilied in the onc. "WllS II refcnmcc 10 thc vuluc nl' Ihe illv~stll1CIINl which \\'ould have 10 hl' rCl'illculated afh.'r sevell days 10 l'Clh~l.:t thelll.:urrcnlmarkc! conditiolls." (hi,) There is, hO\\'l'vl'l, no mClltioll mndc anywhere In the sclllclllclIl Icuer of il chnngl' in l11i1rh,t l'OIUliuOIlS affecting Ihe validily of 1111' offc., 01' of its pendency nlllillhe lime of !rial. Thl' trial court's illlerpolatinll of such a l'ol1lingclwy IS thcn'fore imprnpeL '1'1 Appellanls IIlso find Appellees' I.ilure 10 idelllify Ihe nnde.w.ite. of Ihe 'elllelllOIlI 01 Ihe 0,,","1 cosioI' the Hlrllclurcd sl'lIlcl11Cll1 10 he in cOlltHI\'Cl\linn of tlu- Rnle, The I.illl cOllrt opilled thlll ill,,"nd no SllppOl't ill lhc rule ttn ^f1pdlces' c1ulm of ClIlitlcl11l'1I1 tn surh inlill'lllutillll. '1 10 Wl,ik I\'\' 11'<'1'(' IInllhle 10 )ocllle spc'dlie ellS<' alllhlll'ily for the pmpllsition thill U \Wlllcn setllcnKmt oller must, 10 he legitll1lilll'ly uSl~d as It lolling l1lechillllsrn fur Iht' pl'l'llHl f~)J' calcullltloll (If delay dUHlilgcs, include those l-ll'lIll'lIls t'lUllncl'afcd ill fhe Hille, our SIIP'I'IlIl' ('oUII has lIddremd lit lellsl olle of Ih,'s<' hy indi,,'clion, In "'lhOl' v, Kucltll', 54C11'1I, 12, ClH2 A,2d 1251l (1'1'161, Iltc' ('onll Iblllld thlll IIn oral selllclIll'lll uHl'r which had hl'l'lI phll'l'd 011 thl' ft:curd durillg frill I nnd Iilter tl'llllsl'rihed ill thl' Ilfltcs (If tl''ilimoIlY \ViiS Ihe 1~1II('lillllal l'qui\'illenl of il wrilh.'n Ont'r lill PUr-POSl'S lIf thl' Hille, Thl' oner WitS conditioned Oil illlllll'dillll' i1cccpllml't.' of thl' propoSlIl lII\llll.'l'Il1inutlOlI or trial. The ('ourl fUUlld Ilml hecause ('opl'. ,(' Wl'~il 2000 No ('J:lll11ltl ()ng, [l.S. (in\'!. \\'ol'ks '14M A,2d 213 (Clio MlI74H i\,Zd Z1.1, 'Zlr'l il was '101 spl'cilklllly cnlllilllled III "''It'I'1 Ii II' 1111 days u",1 111111 hud IIheildy C'lIl1lllell"ed, Ihl' nni'< lid"'d 10 sllllsfy II\<' Iillllllg 'eljlllrellll'lIls 01'11", RIII<', 141 '1 II lJesplle Ihe fU1'11I1I1 dlvc'gl'III'I' hclwcl'lI Ihl' IlIslalll 1'1"0 IIl1d MIIIIII, we nlld Ihlll '1I11' prllldp'" Is (:nIllIllOIlI(1 hOlh: It sl'llhmwlll !11'01l1l'illllllllSIl'Ollluin n c1ullse o'Plossly vulidalillg Ihe onl-I !ill' 1111 days 01 t1lltillilllc tlf trill I, SUi..'h II l('uum,,}' lint hl' ilsstll1lt.'d 10 he Illh~lldt'd, ('xtrapolall'(1 thull tlulsidl' ,1lOurC('S 01 IIII"lI'od If Ihl' onh hsclf Is 10 hI' cOllsldCled gellllllll' IIl1der Ih" Rille, ~I 12 MOI'l'OVCr, without idL'llIilkalloll of till' lllldcrwrili.'I', nn knowlcdgl~ilhlt' npprnislll of Ihe olTl1I"S Icgitinmcy is !Iossihlc, sill\.'c tho trinl ('oml'., determlnatiulI of whether UII offb is suflh:icnl III toll Ilsscssmcnl of <lday dlllllagl,ls depends, intel' alill, onlhl' I1l1ulldal sluhilily of Ihl' IIl1derwrlle!'. Soo l'u,IU',I', 23M, (,ivil 1'l'llcedll",1 Rilles ('oIlIlOilloo Expllllllllory Nole, I'tl/lhor, Iho Iixplallalory NIIII' pl'llvides Ihal IIII' court's main inquiry us In the Villhi)ily of the SIHIl'llll'l'd selllolllolll will levolvo uholll Iho cosls of Ihe selllel11elll. Jd. AllS('lIllhoso elellll'IIIS, Ihe lilliI' tiKI"" the IIl1dolwliler. alld moslof 1111 Ihe aclual eosl of Ih, sCIlIl'II1l11ll, we lUl' <.'ompdlcd 10 rind lhul the lriul COIlr! erred in llel~('plillg Appellees' proposal U~ sufl1cicnl ullder Iho lerms of Ihe Rule 10 loll Ihe peliod lin assessm'lIlof delay damages. IFN21 Accordingly, 11'1' Inllst I'cnmnd Ill!' rel'ulculation of the U1110unt due, which hrlllgs us 10 Appellallls' lIexl r1aim, Ihallhe dale from which till' tlday dalllagc:~ were to he l'ulculaled Wus \\TOllg, FN2. AppelleL's illsist lhal hccuusc lIw offer was /lot \&"ilhdruwll, lllld hccau,qc Ih~ identity of 1I11' UlJderwriter Ilod the l'{Jsl uf the scUli.'ll1Clll wen: "hUWll to Plllinliffs' counsel," the rctluircl1lCllls of thl' l{uk IlI'l' lIlet. (Appellees' Bricrlll 14). The obvIolls purpuse or II wriling 10 com".'}' settlell\ent one,s, nol 10 I1lcntllll1 the sp~'cific provisions or the !{uk, would he dcfcall'd hy lll'Cl'l'lmlcc of AppclICl'S' urgullli.'lIt, '217 'i 1.1 Appl'ilrlllls argul' Ihal Ihc cotlll eIIl.d III computing till.' llllhHlIl1 of the dday dUlllugt.'s lhllll July 2:\, 19()7, when Ih(' Sl'lIk'II1('nt olfer disl'uss('d aho\'l' wus Icndcn:d, IInd UIl IIIl' l1loldl'd vcrdicl, lhul is, the verdicl 10"' $MIIO,OOO I'ald III i\ppl'ilallls prior 10 Irial hili alll'r July 2.1, 199'/, As 11'1' hill'!' dOll'll1llned IIIul Ihe struelUI'l'" sl'lIll'menl pl"UPllSals udviJlll't.'d 011 July 2.1, 11)9'1 did n"llIualify ullder Ihl' 1I'II1IS of Ihl' Ruil' 10 tnlllhl' dcluy dllmages jll'r1OlI, \\'l' IIl'cd not lIddrc% ,his iSSUl' l\irtller Ihanlo lI~rl'e Illllllhl..' dall' used hy the trial court is ineoncl't. I'MKI,4 1511('1 ~II.I Appellallt.' alsol'II11telllllllllt Ihl' IrllIl cOllrl I' IH'd , ,>II holh pl'llC\'dlllllllllld sllhslulIdvl' grnllllds, ill di'illllssing Oil llIotioll liU' U cOlllpulso,-y IlUIHIUil Appollillll Jill :,oulill's claim of' lIegligelll IlIllkllOIl "I' ('lIIotlollal distH's~, As to thl' pl'llcedul'o, we orc l'IIlllpl'i1el1 III IIgrel" liS Apl''''lee, ha,1 prescllled defellSl' l'vjdclIl'l' during ^JlpdJantst ellSC, Our SlIp.euw ('oull hilS ruled Ihlll where II dell-lIdulIl hus III'1l-I('d evidl'nl'c eilhcr dll,illg or IIller the plllllllill's l:ilS(' lllHHHHlitlltuy nllllw gl'lllllcd, Ilnrnish v. Sehonl Illslrlcl "f' I'hilad('lphla, 55'1 I'll. 1110, '1.12 A,2d 5'16 (1999); IJlghlulld Tallk IIl1d Mfg, ('0, v, Iluw, 42.1l'a, 4M7, 225 A,2d M.1 (1%6), Appellees hllve cOllll'lIded thut Appl'lllll1ts' pro~cduml claim \Vus ahnndolled by ^rpellllllh:' intentioll, stated iUll footnote, lIot Utu wasil' linK' 011 prw,,'cdul'lIl urgllluclItl'i of lhis type, II (Appellanls' 111'1"" al .10 n, I M) We IIgree, All ('Xamillatioll of the merits of Appellllllts' argument, however, tines lint nlter Ihc(O~ulL I'll '1 1.\ A ClJl1lp"lsolY lIoll-slIil Is apprnprlalely grallletl only where "Ihe fllelfi"tler, viewing 1111 the l'I'Itlelloe III lill'lll of' Ihe plnJnlln; eo"ltlnol rCII,o"uhly l:onclud(' tlull till' essentilll clements of II calise 01' "olioll h"ve heell estahllshed," BIdtlle v, Johnsonh""gh, 444 l'o,S"per, 450, 6104 A.2d,IW. 161 ( 11)95), IMI'I 16 Appell"nls' e1ulm Is hased on Ihe Iheory of hyslundcr recovery for 1I~'gligCIlI infliction of emotional dlslress en"nclllled in Sinn v, BllI'd. 4M6 I'a, 141<,404 1\,2d672 (1979), The criterl" fiJl' Sllltillg Ihls eat"" of "elinn, Ihlll Is fill ,klenllilllng the foreseeahility of Ihe tort. life I) till' location oflhe plaintiff Ileal' the scelle of Ih" Irllllmutk evelll; 2) Ihe "siwek reslIlllingl Ihllll u dirccll~lIIotiol1al impact lIpon plllintifT frol11lhc ~cnsor'y und cOlllclIlpOmllt:.'OlLlJ ohservllllccl' of the evenl; J) II clnse rcllllilmship hetween pllllnllff Ulltl the vkllm of IIIl' el'elll. Id. lit )70. 404 A,2d lit 685; Mllzzagulli v, Everinghllm hy Everingham, 5 I 2 I'u, 266. 17M, 516 A,2d 672, (,77 (19Mf,), The pllllnliff 11111'1 IIlso hlll'C slIstained SOllll' hodily harm from the melltal disturhlllK'l' hWlIght 011 hy ohscrvullnn of the evellt. Ml1Z1,llgalli, SUpl'll; ('ri\'(dlmn \" Pennsylvania Power & I.iglll ('n" 341 I'II,SlIpe!'. 17.1,491 A,2d 207, 209-10 ( 19M5), 191 '1 17 Th" h"sts of Appellllnl's eJalm IS her H';.'cplloll, 011 JUIll' I, IIN.1, of the news lhnl the discojonllioll of ^shlt,y,s leg whkh she had prl'viotlsly !l,'ell asslll'i..'d WilS II hl'llisc, WIIS in filct u thromhusi", alltllhllllnllpullIliollof' Ihe Ihllh was likely, Apl'ellrlllls ch<Hill'lt'rizc this as II dlSl'Il'Il' on:llrn,'l!cc cqUivlllclltto IhL' lllllolllohllc Ilccidl'lIt wltleh took lhe \'ktirnls life in ('0111, ,'. W,'sl 2000 N(I ('1<1111110 ()Iig, I J,S, (;(1\'1. Wmks 748 A,2d 21.1 (Clle UMI 74HA.Zd Z13, 'Z171 Sinn, She' relics hellvily IiiI' IIn llnlll"gne on Ihe lilelnlll silnati"n in ,,"W 1', ('rume" 414 I'II,SlIper. 2:\1, CIO(, A,2d 117~ (1992), There the pl.,intirr snstllin,'d Ihe lU:linlluhk' shock when ~hl' wihll'Sscd IIl'I" motlll'tls tlt'ath from II heart nHllt'k liner Ihe t11t1II11'r's doctor hlld, OVl'l' an l',I(Il'lUll'd pl'riod, rl'lilsed to invcstigllll' symptoms Il1dklltivl' of II L'llrdiul' prohlt~llI. This Court liHmd 11'"1 Ihe plllinlin's "b"',vllli,,n "I' Ih" lilllll heart aUllek sllPplied 1Ill' dism'te and id('miliable lrulllllalie evcnt triggering n.Jcll\'L'I)' tIIHIt.'r Silln, We nmde dt'UI lhllllhe <leath, n"llh" neglig""ce "I' the' d"ct", W,!!, Ih,' aclinnahk' tlu..'tot. Thus Love offers 110 lInalogy with the installt case. ~I 18 Appellanls also a,lvallee this ("Hili's tlel'ision ill Turner y, Medlenl ('II'., Bl'il\'l'r, PA, Illl'., 454 "",SlIper. fI<Is, (,Xli A,2d 8.\() (19%), as dispositive sUpJlOl't ICl!" lhch- position. There till' plaintiff WllS fmeed 10 deliver her sistcr!s slillhorn fetus, ill thl' *21M hosl'itll!. line, h"sl'ilalpCl'S"1lI1l'1 igllO/ed he, pleas r"r assistllllce, We held Ihal she had stal,'d a eallse or aclion for negligent inl1ictioll of emolional distl'ess as II relative in u situation whcfc the IJ'i.WlIla was ltlfcsccahle, and in which she would othcrwisl~ haw heen a hystander, hut was fnn:cd to Ilill'lidpatl' ill the fnrcsccuhlc tmumatk l~\'Cnt spel'ilkully hl'clHlS(' or tlll' defendlln!'s negligen"e, Altho\lgh Ihe delivery of Ihe fetus wus not l'ollsidt.'red the traumatic eVCIlI, the hospitul's Ilegligence us tlw l'aUse of th~ plainliffs parlicipution in the ddi\'ery where thl' traullla was fhrc!i~cllhle distingui'ihcs this l'aSl' Ihull Ihe inslallt matter. ~I 19 In lael, Ihe l\lllp\llalioll "I' Ashley's leg ""nHed eighl days aflc, Al'pelllllll reecived Ihe n"lI's Ihal negligence imd (I('cuned. Indeed, ul IIIl' point idenlilicd as Ihe tl'aul1lallt: eve III, amputation WlIS a likL'lihond, lIot U l'l'rtainty. Tl'Ilgkully, the thromhosis could 1101 hl' n:solved [llkr Ihl' trcalnll1nls lIpplkd d\l,ing Ashk'y's stay al ('hild,en's Ilospital, hUI Ih" discrete and idellliliahlt, tralll11ntiL' evcllt hccCllllc recognizahlt.' us such only lI11el' t.'jghl days had ll11sst.'d. Thus what is identified liS a cdsis point was not contemporaneous wilh the llmputlllion, nor with thL' negligenl placcment of till' l'athcll'!", to I\l,itlll'r of which \\'as ApP,!IIi1llt u witness. ('llthcurl v, Kccl\l' Industrial IIlStlllll'oo, J24 l'a,Sllper I2J, 471 A,2d 4'),1 1I')X4), A""o,dillgly, Ihis "hlll1lliJils, '1 20 ^~ In the issues luisl'd by Appl'lIl'l's 011 I lll.'i I' \..'I'O:o;s appcnl, il is urglH'd thai till' IrialroUrl t.'ln'd illl'l'hlSillg tn allow pCrltldk paymL'llt of fHhHl' damages pursuant 10 lIealllu:nrc Servicel; MalpntCIil'l' Acl, 40 P.S. * !JOI.IOI t.~l sClj., 01' In reducc the diHnagcs 10 pre:-it.'1l1 J'MK" ~ vnhw. II 01 ~I 21 Seeli"lI UO I.H:!2,A or tlu' Ael pl'llvides Ihlll IIIl' l'OUlI, "uptllll1\olioll ofnny fliuly,lI1i1Y l'OIv:lldcl- thai III<' dllnlllges he' paid hy \""iodie 0' iustalllllellt pllymt.'llls, providt.'d thul tin' tCrI1l!{ 1)1' such 11IJymcnls ht.! ll\\I'('l'd 10 hy 1111 pill tics. II Appl'llultts It.'nlsl\d to IIcccpl pllYl1leul (1/1 th" illstlllll1lelll phlll, Alth""gh Apll<'lIces \\'o\lld hav" \IS helieve Ihal III<' Irilll e"lIIt's wlilSal I" order Ill'riodk PllYIIll'llts Is lIttl'ihulilhle solely 10 it 1",lier Ihlll il lacked jlllistlklioll 10 do S", Ihe lrilll courl ill lill'l con"hulud Ihllt il 11'",,1,1 ill allY evellt hl/vC rt.'fuse,llo order sw:h puyments hera\lsc Appcl!c('S' snit' Il'uson tin thl'll rl'quest WIlS till' unsupported assertinn Ihal stich u plilll would he in tlw hest inlercsls of nil p~lrtil':l, Appdlctls also llrgut.' that the Act advnclllcs paYllll'llls over tilllC, hUI Wl' IHe Ilul pcnHlndcd. Illdl'cd, our Supremc ('ourt has hcld Ihul "lrlcrsonul injury uwurds arc wHlally lump-sum payments, and fue not pllid in we,'kly or monthly illslallmellts," Kaezkowski \', BoluhaSl" 491 I'a, ~61. 5(,7. 421 A,2d 1027. IIlJI (1980) (lilOlnole omilted), The Aet provides an "I'I ion which till.' court IIll\Y udoJ1t contingcntuJ1{)11 tht' partlcs' agrt.'elllcnl. No ngrccl1lcnt is rmll1datcd, and the hlllgullge of lhe stlllute seems 10 imply thaI the {;(lurt may ovcrride an lIgrecllwnl. lIere ApJ10llccs providl'd III(' court with 110 I't.'uson to disl't.~gilrd Appellants' n.'jeclinn 01' thc proposed plan. Even now Appcllees oncr nothing spcdfic to this case which would justify Ihe order they seck, We lind no lintll with Ihe rourl's dt.'cisioll. IIII ~122 I.'inally, Appellees e"ntend 1I'"llhe lrial enu,l l'lTcd in denying their motion to reduce the damage award 10 prescnl vnlue, In KaczkowskL supra, nur SUPI't.'llll' Court hcld thut futUJ'l' losl wugcs should nul ht.' diSl'ollllted, lhat "hoth u prodllCflvity fu\.'(OI' and UIl inlllltion Iilelor should be relleeted in all award of lost ruture earnings," id, !II 566, 421 A,2d al 1029, 10 ohviull' tlu: nccessity I()r un udjuslmclIl of the VCHIif,,'1 011 lhe Im'iis of thl'SL' faclors. The Court udoptcd Ihe lotlll offsct tlll'lhlld of culculllting dllmages which I'Ctluhcs thai infornllltioll conccrning hnlh inflation and ,"od,/('Iivily he I're.lented III Ih" ju,y rulher Ihan me'ely disl'oUllling II damage u\\'unl hy 6% simple intercsl to rellch plCscnl vahll', ~i 2J Although Ihe ('(lml speeilielllly deehned 10 l'XPillld its ruling 10 conte xIs other .219 than futl11'C lost t.'innings, opining that Ihesl' should hc resolvcd on II ellS(' hy cast.' hllSis, it noled prim:ipk's long sellled ill Pl'lI11s,vlvUl1iu Iilw that "dllmages llH~ to be cOl1lpensatory 10 Ihe fulll'xlent of the injury slIslaincd, II and thlll urtllal cOl11pells;:llion is given IIby grudu8ling ('npr. ('; WL'sl lOOO No ('Iallllln (lrig. lJ.S. Ull\'l. Works '\'>" ;\ !" "'t'_ , , I , I' < , . , , , i , " , , , l , , , ~"Wl. AU 'HIIQ. 1~ CiIlQ' ill UIIO 0"1 ~ljOl _'>'II "'f''''QllV''IjUhl,lIVIIl II. iONIIISlAllIv-lvPll tl'tl~-llV ~ ~ '^ ;l; ~ ~ " <3 rl ; g ~ ,~ ,; ~ ~ ~ r.; c5 ~ ~ ~ '" ~ ~ :C ,.'