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IN '1'1 III CQURT OF COMMON PI-flAS OF
CtJMllflRl,AND COUNTY, I'ENNSYWANIA
RflVIV 1\1- OF JlmOMENT DOCI<ET
TIIOMAS /1, ClllSMI\N,
l)of'omlulI!
,
NO, \)1).1751)
CIVll_ ACTION - I-AW
l'IIAI~CJ.1!E
TO Tim I'RoTIIONOTARY:
Elllor dolimll JlIdll1l101l1 In Iho IIhovo-ollptlonpcl IIptlon III fhvor of I'lulntill' uncl 111l1l11lS!
Dpfundlllllln tho 11111011111 of $7,600,00, pillS Intorost nncl ons!s of sull, ns prnyocl for IlIlho Writ of'
Rovlvullbr Ihlhlro 10 tlIo nn nnswpr 10 I'lnlntllT's Wrll of Rovlvul, A ooPY of Iho Ordor of COllrl,
dnlod Muy 12, 1999, donylnll Dofondnnl's roquolil for uppolnl111onl ofoollnsolls ul1nohod horolo und
lncorpol'lllod hy roforonco, Slloh roqllosl hy Dofondunt clews nol sillY Iho ontry ofdol1l11ll Judll111onl,
I clo horehy eortlry Ihnln wrltton notleo oflnlontlon 10 1110 this I'rnoclpo (lnlhe 1'01'111 nttllchod
horoto) wus 11'01l0cllo Iho Dotbnclonl 01 tho ucldrossos lndlonledlhereon, on April 20, 1999, which dole
WIIS subsoquol1l 10 Iho dolo clel1l11l1oooulToclllnd ollonst 1011 (10) cluya prior 10 tho clote oftho
I'rnoolpo,
MARTSON DEARDORFF WILLIAMS & OTTO
II,lLQ?/2. Q.
Curl C, Rlsoh, Esqulro, Esqulro
I. D, Numbor 7590 I
'1'011 Eust High 811'001
Corllslo, I' A 17013
(717) 243-3341
Attornoys 1'01' I'loll1tlO'
Dolod: Moy 17, 1999
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IN TH!= COURT Ofl cOMMoN PI-!=AS OF cUM~!=AI-ANP COUNTY, PI:NNsYI..VANIA
cIVIl- DIVisioN
PAAIWIPf: FOR WRIT OF !=XI:CUTION
vs,
) OonfoBBod Juclg1nonl
) 011101'
File No, ,22::11li\LQiY.iLilil!ii on - l.illi
Alno~1Il1 puo _&l'LJill\l..QQ...._.___.
Interest .fJ:Oln-llllly~!mLl;o._I:2(liIl;111nU.lli.1lii., 00
At~r\t:eCoat lit: $1. 25/d/.ll')
I' a omrn __.___, n____.
Oosls ,_____
Onptlon:
JOliN 1'1, f>1/1CI<, I'.lAintHl:
'l'IlC>>1/1,s m. CllISI~I\N, DefendlU1r.
TO nil: PROTl-IONOTAFtY OF THF- SAID OOURT:
The uncterslgnecl hareby sarllfles Ihat lhe lJalow doas nol arlsa 0\11 of a retalllnBtulhnent eulll, oonlraot, or
aocollllt bABOd on fl oonfeBslon ofjudgmenl, b~lt If It clans, It IB lJussd onlhe approprlale orlolnElI prooeodlng flloet
pllrBuont to Aol 7 of j 1166 as Elmoncladl Elnel for mal properlY purellunllo Aot 6 of 1074 aB amenderl,
I
IBsllO writ of exeollllon In Ihe apova malter to Ihe Sheriff of._9!,!mborlan<!____.______ Oounty,
for dabt, InlereBt and oosts, upon the following desorlbed pl'OfJerty 01 tile defendunt(s)
all paJ:Bonal and l:aal PL"Opel:ty located at 6412 Ca~~.l.is.lo Piclte, I,ot .lO6,. Meal1anioBbLll:g,
_.CumboL'l!'nd Co.unr.'i~ l'1I_______,__.______.
PRAF.CIPF. FOR ATTAC~tMF.NT F.XF.OUTION
IBSUS writ of altachment to tile 811erlff of ,. County, for depI, Interest and
OOBIs, as allova, dlreotlng altaohment against Ihe apove.name~1 gnrnlahee(a) for Il1e following proparty (If reul
BBtate, supply six oopleB of Ihe deBorlptlon! supply four ooplee of langthy perBonallY IIBt) __ ._
-------------.-
anel nll.othar' property of the d~fondnnt(s) In the po~;~;~ioli~~ustody or oonlrol of tile Bald garnIBhae(B),
I:J (In(lIoalo) Index this writ agEllnBllhe garnlsI1ao(s) 1'16 alia pondanB against ronl estato of Il1e
dafondnnl(a) desorlbod In the attaohad exhibit.
Data ^uffi!!:!t .l<iUQQ.Q..........._~_
8lgnnlura:
Print Nama:
Addross:
l~~~J~~---:-
..10 _~Bt_~ligh _~~E~.~t_.._.._____.
CaJ:.liBle, P^ 17013
Attornoy for: ,.BJ<linUt.L,. -..-
Tolophono: ..(717)243::3341 ____.._.___
Suprelno Court ID No,; o~2~~___.....~_____..___~_..
(ovor)
Nellis!
'.' rQIII properly, !\\.lPll1y ~IX. poplell of QellPrlptlon Il1pluQII1Q ImproV13m13111Q !\11r.l.AI1 prlgll1l1lllnQ popy pI
afflrJlIvlt 01 pwnerllh P (pIlR.P,P, No. 111F!D), . .
If langlhy PllraO~lll\y IIat, aupply IO\.lr pppll3a pI list,' ,
To Incjex writ, fila aeplltllttl pmeplpll wllll writ.
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CIlIHbul'llIlI\1 C\I\lIl1y, !'ulIIIsylvUlllu
-Qgl!\Dl!l.ll.lt.!!J\ltlLp_f_1J!,nn ~ ~l_y.!tn,tlL________..~__
OOlloty of Oumborlnnd
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ThQOlna Il, Ohlamnn
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0-'''''-' "_._. "h__,__..__.___. .... .u._____.._ ._+..,._.
TO Tun HllImlFF OF CllM11II1~I,^NIl COUNTY, PHNN^.
Thu pmpuny IIsluII hullllv ulld luvlud IIpOIl III IhlH UIISU ItlllOllhu pl'llpul'ly or Ihu IlulullllulIl hili Is Ihu
Pl'llpUl'ty or Ihu 1lllllul'slUllud. ^ IIslol' Ihu ulllllllOd pl'opurly IIlId thu vllllluH IIwruol' llI'ul
LIHT OF PItOPllRTY Y AI.!.!ll
.. INO~UD~n WITH VIlROllA6n Of TRAI~\lR
-ATi;-o 0 n-liTHrliiii'I-;;;-'-ifii'fi,111il o"r Iii ij'i-,."ona"St'ovo.'nnif'li"ii-i\.iiiii-rii-ifr!\'jj'q.ii?--------"'''-!'JTA-
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U'l'OllllN
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,--.--llo t,'...-"....llao,Il./....-1!hon 9 -W'/-II'l1'Il'W.o.v-i nfl-lII~ 0 hio g...,.....-. ......,---,.....__._..._..,.._.____..._______ ,__
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lIod I lI\lrooll, 01001\ 01111 Phooo
69,00
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-llll.S,h'-lII 0 w.o.);,,--II a od--t 0 o.l,s.,. ..,1111 d.,.,2-, Itowo.l;....d);1.1.1.....,____________.._....,____....___.......____.,._7..5_.,0,0
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ROBioo vnollum oloonor, Wood on donk & ohoir, 08,00
---""filt.li-Cili'o-i,i1'" T'yjio'ii'flTiir",T'l' l'il'ilt"16-p"liTio"'o1l1fIJJ's,-"';!"'V loor-'-JlHilC !rtl'ifitrli--
--8 RPA RA.T.R.-I-'r.iN.,-,-.-....-.-,...,..-....-...-----.-_........n...,.-, .....-____,...._.__,_._, ,......,.._____...__.._,__.
,_0 r i_o~...3.. 5 1\ ...!.E.L!l...i....l~ 0 u~l!_~..a_...wL~_~.~I!.~I_,.(.~o t ~~I:~~~I.l\.!~.!'_.....<l..n..._o r,~~~L_ 0 0 1~~_~ ~~..!..__
Thu CllIll\1l1\1t Ohtlll\lcc! Tlllu tothu I'wpurly IIH FolloWH:
.___.A~!,n__..!..l!..._J..~_~~_!....~!!..p 0 1~ __~~~_!l..1l...~~~~_!,,0_~_ ^ r my 9 t 0 ~~..!._.._.____.__________
~____..4_____...._._._'._~_....'...___......._~__._....-.....---.-.--.-----_________._._..___~..4_____~.___
-~--_._---- -..--~-...._----.__._.~.... ..-._.._._..._..._--~-----~-~~_._.._--.__.. ._--._~--.._--_..
--..----....-..--..-.....-..----.--.-~..~..--____.__._.._.__.______._____.__,_.__u____._______~___
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Dlllo
.___,__.._._..______ CllIll1llllll______.._~____________
Hlnlu ul' I'unntlylvllnln:
Connly Ill' Clllnhurlnllll
.._~..!._l'nl!~~__~~Rnd!.or II
.__._____~__ hulng dIlly t1wul'Ilnccul'lllng
10 InIY, duposuH nlld HIlY Ihlll thc nhuvu Iislln thu pl'opcrly ulnhllnl'U cUl'rcullllld tmu HWol'llnlld HnhHcrlhcc! to
\ h;I7";j 'hi. 'L '" 'J' '~f;'j~--!I'w. . ",,<,,;;~:::;'::-.:-
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Mnohlllllc'hlllo lJora, ClIIl1h;&/landCounly
My Comnlls!I onl:.plto8 MnI, nn, 2004
Membor. f'nnn!lY1VnnMnOOBlIopol Briel
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Nomo' _, !I()rrl ff 6 IV'.5" iI1 "I J
NlImllOr 11/(." r ~
p,o, 130x 200
camp Hili, Por1l1Qylvonlo 17001 . 0200
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~~COU ~OIIR1\.'l'Z., ~ M:\.nor, Py
aU~AN ~, SCHRATZ, ui~ Pqr.enc
anq N~t\.lr~J, G\.\ar.rUan, ~nd
~U~AN 1" aCH~TZ t Inq:\.viduAIJ,y
<lnq in her own nghc,
Pldnti,ff~
Viol,
JOliN r.OW'l't!H\N, M, p" Anq
CAlUIII3~E WOMliiN'S C~REl, I?,C"
pe~endAnce
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IN TilE: COUWl' OJ!' COMMON ~'Ln:A8
CUMaERLANP COUNTY, I?ElNNI3YLV~NI^
CIVI~ ACTION - LAW
NO, 9'1-1769
~URY TRIAL PEMANPElP
~INTIFFS' JURY VERDIOT FORN
1. Dp you find thAt the Defendanc, John l'owch:\.~n, ,M, p, ,
wae negligenc?
Yee
No
If YO\-lr answer to qlleec:Lon III ie yee, proceeQCo
queeCi.oll If:.l.
ie i',
If yotl!;' anawe:r to queetion JI1 no, please pecurn
to the courtroom,
2, Do you find thAt Defendant Lowthian'S negligenoe
incr.eased the ohancee of Jaoob Schrat~le :\.njuriel3?
Yee
No
If your answer to qllee tion 112 is yee, prooeed to
queetion 1f3,
If your Anewel' to question 112 ie no, plef\~e rettlrn
1:0 the cour.troom,
...
3. po yoU finq thaI; De~enqant L.ow\:hi,m Was tile
oll1P~,oyee/agen\:. o~ Psfenqant Carlillle Women's Care, l?, 0 I at \;he
time he Was pr.oviq~ng oare to the l?laintiffll?
Yell
No
If your l'lnIlWSl" to C,\llsstion 113 ill yss, proaeed to
C,\\.\f3Il\;ion 114,
If YO\lr anllwsr to C,\usf.ltion 1/3 is no, j;lrooeeq \;0
C,\l\a~tipn II 4.
4. Plel'lsestate the a~ount of ~amagsf3 you aWl'lrd for Sl'lOhl
A. Jaoob'a fut:.url'l mSdioal.bills
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B, Jl'lOPb's PhYlliol'll pain and suffering
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C. Jl'loob III humUiati.on
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D. Jaoob' s disfigl1rement
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Jl'lopbls lost earning oapl'loity
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F, Jaoob's mentl'll, smotional 'pain l'llld J:luffElring
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G. Jacob's loss of life's pleaSUres
$
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Dated,
BY,
!!,oropel"SOn
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evidenoe whioh Will be prel'lent:ed ~,n t.he Court.t"OOm during t.lle oOUt'l'le
oC t.he t.ri~l and upon t:he law which t.he Court will inetruot. t.he
jury to apply, No other ooneiderutionl'l of prejudice, ~ial'l, Cear
or pC\l'll'lion I'lhould CrUl'ltrat.e I:he del'lirea oC pot.h aidel'l to a fail:
hearil1g, [0'01: that rel'l 13 on , the Com:t. and Clt.tot"neyl3 w:l,ll now ~ek you
qUBl3tionl'l ~bout. your previoul3 knowledge of the p~rtiel'l, Btt.orneYI3,
or faat.13 ill thil3 cal3e, BI1l well al'l your at.t.it.uda t.owarde varioul'l
podt.ionl3 of the part.ise, AI'l you oonsider eaoh CjIlSl'lt:l,on, we Aalt
that you refleot. on whether you oan fairly and truly t.ry a oal'le
involving t.hese people and t.hese il'll'luel'l, If, at. any time, you wil'lh
tr.l give an an ower to one of t.he questiol1l'l out of the heal"ing of the
PElnel memberl'l, please ra:l.l'le your hand and l:equel'lt a oonferenoe,
If you know someth:l.ng about the oase Ot" the pc\l:tiel'l or the lawyers,
do not blurt :I.t: out baoauae it. may influenoe other jurorl3, It. ia
espeoially :I,mpOl:t.ant t.hat. you g:l.ve t.hese quest.ions your oomplet.e
and honel3t oonl3ideration beoause we find t.hat.somet::I,mes jurorl3,
aCt.er t.hey have heard t.he oase, will realize that. for real30ns
unrelat.ed t.o the oase, t.hoy may not. be able to render a fair
deoil3i.on,
I. INTRODUCTION OU PARTXES ANn LAWYERS
,I'
1, We are Cat.herine Mahady-Smit.h and Stephen Pederl3en,
at: t.brneye in Harrisburg and Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, l"espeot.i vely,
a, Do any of you )mow us or anyone at our firms?
b, Are any of you relat.ives or olose personal friends
of OUl"13 or any member of our firms?
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POINT FOR-CUA~_NO~~
In oiv:!,l oaaep 13uoh <113 I:hia one, t:he plllintiffp l1<\Ve \:he t/\plt of
ppoving ~ho13e oontentions which entitle them to relief,
'rhe pl<lint:!,f fs I content:J.onf.l mupt be I~f'ltt\blipheq by a fair
preponCler.<H1oe of t:he evidence. 'l'he evidenoe Elpti'lbHphep i'l contention
by i'l fair preponderance of the evidenCle if you are pel:!3uadeCl that: it
:!,a more probi'lbly aOCllll'at:e ,anCl tl:lIe than not.
'1'0 put it any other way, tl~:I,nk, if you will, of an orcll.nAry
balance 11l0ale, with a pan on eanh aide, Onto one aide of the peale,
plaoll <Ill of t:he evidenoe faV01'<lble to the plaintl.ffa I onto the
other, plAoe all of the evi.donoe favorable to the defend<lnt13. If,
after oonsidering the aompi'lrable weight of the eviClenoe, you feel
that ths sOi'lle!3 ti.p, ever. 130 alightly or to the alighteat degree, in
favol' of the plaintiff!3, your verdiot mUf3t be for them. If the
eoalea tip in fi'lvor of the defendanta, or. are equally balanoeC\, your
verdict mU!3t be for the defendant!3.
In this oass, the plaintiffs have the ta!3k of proving the
following propositions I that: I:he defend<lnt!3 were negligent and th<lt
the negligenoe was a substant:J.al f<lctor in bdnging about harm
Jill1ffered bY.-.lJ1em, If, aftel' oonsider:Lng all of the evidenoe, you
feel persuaded that theee propoeitione are mOl'e probably true than
not true, your verdict mU!3t be for the plaintiffa.
"
of
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l'.Ollf'l...ID2lLQUARWLN-'L-..a
Peff3nqant John LowthiAn repre/lan\:eq to t:he Vlflil1tHf thflt he
wall competent to proviQe mediqal ca~'e in the I3pecialty fll'ell of
ol)lltep:;lcf3 . When Il qOotOl: holClfl himf3elf oqt all a /lpeoblht in a
partioqlar field of medicine, he if3 requirec'l to have f1nc'l Uf3S the /lame
l~nowledge a11c'1 /l)dl1 and e~el'cifle the flame Cllre afl that whioh ill
uf3ually pOf.lllefllled and exel:oillec'l by l3imilar f3pea!alilltll in the Ilame
At'ea of apecialhatj,on, Therefore, ainoe Pefelldant Lowthian
t'eprellsnted 1:0 the Plf.lintHf thaI: he could provide appl'op,ri.flte,
,
Ilpeqif\lhed oblltel:rioal oArEl, he mUllt: pOllllell1l flnd exel;:'oifle greater
obflt:etdaal Imowledge and el~il,l thfln would be expeoted from a c'loctor
who doell notfunation as Ilkilled in oblltetrioll,
Pa, SSJI (Civ) 10.03A
Accepted
Covet'ed
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Penied
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l'.om1..JlOR CJII\IlGIll NO, 3,0
YO\.l "IUIlt: examine the mAnm:ll: by which PefenQant ,John r..ow\:hifln
arrived flt hill Oonoluf!ions/diagnof.les of Mil, Sahrat~lf! pregnanoy Anc'l
delivel;'y of Jaoop, 'loll mtlal: decide if the PefsnQAnt tilled aU of the
teahnologieB and testf! availahle \:0 him to aid in tha diagnosil3 /If!
thEl law reqUirefl him to QO,
'I'] lIere j,fl a vast: dHferelloe between An f3rror
of jur;\gment and negligenoe in the oolleotion
anq fleouring of faotual dAta eSflential to
arrivj.119 at: a proper oonolusion or jUdgment i
If a phYlliaian, as an aiq to hia diagnoflia,
i,B" his jUdgment, doell not aVf.d.l h~.mF.lelf of
the saienticio meana and faoilities open to
him for l:he oolleotion of the bmlt. factual
data upon which to arrive at hia diagnoflill,
the ~:eflul t is not an error of jUdgment, but
negligElnoe in failing to seoure an adequ~te
faatual baflia upon whiah to atlppol:t hia
diflgnosifl or jUdgment,
If the Pefenctant did not use the saientifio tests and faoilities
ElVflHable to him for the oolleotion of the !;mill:. faotual infol'mation
upon whiah to arrive ~t diagnoaef3 or jUdgments, the result is not an
error in jUdgment but is negligenoe in failing to seoure an adequate
basis upon whiah to f.lUppOl't the diagnoses and jUdgments,
Smith v. Yolle, 412 Pa. 94, 105, 194 A,2d 167 (1963)
Tobaah v. .:rQlllilJil, 419 Pa, 205, 210, 213 A.2d 500 (1965)
Bml. 2lIJ..Q, 8ubaommit:tee Note of Pa. SSJr (Civ) 10, 03A (review 199J.)
entitled
"PrOfessional JUdgmentll
Aaaepted
Covel'ed
Denied
II:
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PO~~W rQ~~RO~ ~Q, ..
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Oon~URt ~p n~g~~g~nt i~ ~he h~l;'me\.l~ l'~fl\.ll~ gp\.l~a r~~~on~b~y h~v~
~l~13n . Co:ve~een ~na preven~eQ Py \:he eJi:er.O~1'l1l p~ r$~~pn/.\ple"RfU"e PV thl'!
Pe:l!13nq~nt:ll!
Lel'ro v, Tholl\/.\Iil Wynl1e, 1no!
I'
411;1. J;l~, 37, 30~ A,~a 70!3. (;1.~73)
I,
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1\ooept:13a
Covel'aq
Penil3q
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l'.QUiT VOR ..DlU\lWJlLN(;l,-U
The Pefondan~a ars legAlly reeponBiblo or liable for the
il1jl\defl stlffered I)y the Plain!:1ffl1 if their nogl:lgenl: OQflQ\1d\:
waf3 I:he +egal mlUse of \:1113 injtldlHI, In order fOl: t:he negligent
oonQllot to be a legal cause, that oOllduo\: mIls I: have been a ref.ll
faotor in bdngi\lg abolll: the injlldes in quefltion, pl.l'linl:iffa do nol:
have t:o prove to a oertldnty thf.l\: propel' medj.of.ll. om:e would have
prevanted the injllriefl.
When a defendant negl:lgently fa!l.a to aot, Ql" negl.igentl.y del.aYfl
in e1l1ploying indiaated diagnostic or thBl:apeu!:1o measures, and the
negligenoe ia a real faator in aauoing injuriefl to the pationt, the
plf.lintiffa do not have to prove to a aertainty that proper oare WOllld
have, afl a medioal faot, prevented the injuriell in quaotion, If the
Pefsndanta I aoU.ana or inao\:i.ons have effeotively terminated Jaaob
Sohratp.:1s ohancefl of avoiding injury, the Defendants may not raifla
oonjectures Elf) to the measure of the chanoes that t1113Y have put
beyond the poasibility of real.i~ation, If there was any subatantial
possibility of avoiding injuries and the Defendant a have deotroysd
that possibility, the Defendants are liable to the Plaintiffs,
A oauaf.ll. oonneation between the injuries ouffered by Jaoob
Sohrat~ and the Defendants' fnilure to exeroise reaoonable oars may
be proved by evidenoe that the dslt of inourdng thooe in:luriea were
inOl'eaaed by the Defendants' negHgent oonduot.
'l'he law reaognhel3 that it is J:arely poooible to demonstrate to
an absolute certainty what would have happened in airoumstanoel3 that
the wrongdoer did not allow to 001l1S to pans,
,
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1l.Q;J;N'r_l.ClR CHA1\WlLlfO. 1,3
~ltnQ"gh it ifl the PlA:l.ntifffll tBak to aatapliflh that ~he
Pefendflnt~ were negligant and that fluoh negligenoe inqreafleq the r:l.flk
of. h~l:'m 1;0 t:he l'lflinl:iffa, the I?lt\intifft:l m:s not, howevel:, req\\irf.ld
to prove thej.): Oafle beyond a l:easona\:lle QO\\PI:, 1'he Pll'l:l.ntHf.s are
nOl: req\\ireq to eliminate entirely all pOflf.lihHil:y that the
Pefendants' aonquot WBt:l not a oallse, It ill enough that Plaintiffs
inl:roduoe evidenoe from wh:l.oh reasonable personfl may aoncl\\de that it
is more probable that the event WAil afl\\fled by
the Defendants than that it was not, The fflot of aauflation is
inoapable bf Mathematioal proof, sinae no one oan Ilay with abflolute
certflinty whflt would have occurred if the Pefendants had not been
negl igent , 'l'htlf3, when a ohild is dl"OWned :I.n B swimming pool., no one
ofln say with abaolute oertAinty that fI lifeguard would have saved
him, But, the OOl111\\on experienae of the oommunity permitfl the
I
aonclus:l.on that the guard would more probably than not have done so
and, henoe, that the abaenoe of the gum:d has played a substantial
part in bringing about the death of the ahHd,Thif3 question ifl for
you, the jury, to resolve,
Restatemel)t of 'l'orts 2d, !l433B, Comment b
Aooapted
Covered
Penied
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fO~ij'I' rOil OllllRGlll ij.Q..~
You m.y find inoonllifltenaie~ in the evidenoe, ~venAot\.l~l
oantr&diotion~ in the teflt~TIOny of witneaaes do not neoell8Al'ily
mean that flny witnefls hae been willfully false, Poor ~emory ifl
not: unoommon, l30metimes a wil:ness forgstfll flometi\11afl he rememberf3
inoorreotly, It ifl alao true that two personf3 witneflfling ~"
inpldenl: may see or heal' it d~.ffal'\3ntly,
If different partfl of the testimony of any witneafl or
witnef3aes appear to pe inconaifltent, you, the jury, flhould try to
raoonoile the oonflioting statementfl, whether of the same or bf
t1!fferent wj.tnefl~es, a11d YOtl ahould do flO if it oan be done fflirly
and ~atiflfaotorilyo
If, l~o\~Elvel', yotl deoide that thel'e ia <\ genuine fllld
irreoonoilablf3 oonfliot of tefltimony, it ia your funotion and
. duty to detel:mine whiah, if f.\ny, of the oontradiotol'Y fltate~entll
YOll w.ill believe,
Pa, aSJI (Civ) 6,04
Aooapted
Cbvered
Denied
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.fO~~ 'OR OHAR~lll HQ.~
'rill! Vh~nt:if,{ it:! entit:\.eq \:0 pe r.~~VlY allq f.ICIl!quflte:j.y
POmpl!nllAteq for rmoh pl)yfliq~:L pdn, mentAl An9\.1!t:lh, q~t:lComj!pl:'\:.f
il1Ponven:lellPe aM c'\!t:lt:rBllfl afl you pe:!.ieYEl he wiU em\I\J:'1! in thl!
f,ut\.lre ~t:!.A reflultof hifl injuriefl,
"
l?A, @I3ITI (C:l.v) 6,O;U;\
l\daeJ;lteq
Covel'Ba
Penieq
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JACOB SCURA'l'Z, 1\ Minor, hy
.SUSAN 1.;, ijCIHU\1'z, IU.fl PEn'enl:
<\nd NAturAl G\\t\I:qiAI1, anq
SU/3AN I" ijCmUt'l'Z, IncliVi,dll<ll:\.y
Anq i,n her OlVn 1:~,9ht,
lnaintHfl.l
Ul '1'1Ili1 COIJWl' or.' COMMoN PI.;V)AS
CUMl3ml<L~NO COUNTY, Pli1NNSYI.;VANII\
CIvn, I\C'l'ION - rJI\W
V13,
,JOHN f,QW'l'll1:flN, M, P " anq
CAR~+SLE WOMli1N'S CARli1, P,C"
Pefendantfl
NO, 97-1769
Jl1RY TRIM, PJj)MI\NPI~P
PLAINTIlFSI ~y vmRDIOT FQ~
J. , Do yo\\f inq that the Pefenqallt I John Lowthian, M, p, I
wa13 negligent?
Yefl
No
If your f\nswer to quefltion III i13 yes, prooeed t:o
question 1/2,
If your anflwer to Cjt\estion /11 is 110, pleafle 'ret\\l;'11
to the aot\rtroom,
2, Do you find .\:hat Pefendant Lowthialll13 nagligenot:l
increased the qhanaes of Jaoob Sohratz'a injuries?
Yes
No
If your allSlVer to quesU.on /12 is yes, .prooeed to
quesdon 1/3,
If your answer to question /12 is no, pleass ret:Ul'n
to the courtroom,
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3, po you Ein~ th~t Defenqant Lowthinn Was the
emp:\'oyee/<\glj>nt of pefenclan\: Carlia:\.e Women III Cf.\l;'B, P, Q, f.\1: the
time he Wafl pl'oviqing oars to the Plaintiffs?
Yes
No
If YOUl' <\newer to queflt:lon 113 ia yea, prooeed 1:.0
Qllefltipl1 114,
If yot\r f.\n/3wer to C.\\.Ieat~.on "3 is nOt prooeed to
question It/I,
4, PleaflS state the amount of dai1\f.lgefl you aWf\rd fol;' eaoh,
A, J<\oop' fl future madiOfll p:lllf.l
$
, !3, Jqcop' e plwsioql pain f\nd fluffering
$
0, ,Jf\oop I fl. humiliation
$
J;l, JqOOPIS dhfigtlrement
.L..
E), Jqoob I s lost earning o&pf.lo:lty
$
F, Jaoob's mental, emotional pain &nd SUffering
$
0, J&OOP'S loss of life's pleaaurefl
$
Dated I
BY,
lroreperson
.'
,.J/icon DCIIllTt'l'Z, f.\ Mlnar, py
SlISMI I" DClHU\'I'Z, HhJ Pal-ent:
IInd l'li\tlll.'l\l QUf\rdi,m, and
SllSlIN I" SCllHA'l'}.l, In(Uvldllfllly
and in her own vight,
l'l.alnt:iffs
IN 'l'lll~ COUR'l' 01;' COMMON l'I,~I\S
CUMI:lr~IH.ANP C!OUN'~'Y, l'lilNNSYINANI/i
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
vs,
JOHN I,OW'l'HIAN, M, P " and
C1\Rl,ISI.fU WOMI~N I S CARm, p, C, ,
Def,endal'lt:s
NO, 97 -17!j 9
,TURY 'l'HTAt, PIilMIINPlJ)D
~Ufl' REQUmfl'l'Dlp VOIlLP..IRJiLQlIIlIa'llQNfJ.
What Ne are dolng at this point la to try and detsl:1111ne if
there might be anything in your bacl<grollnd 01:' exped,enoes th"t
would pl"event you from rendering a fair and impf.\l:tial, ven\iot in
thifl oal3e, Thel:e is nothlng wrong wlth havlng a strong opinion
apout a oertain f.lub:)eot/topio, but we need to lmow if you do
baoause those feelings or opinions might bear on your deliberations
in this oaea,
,.
It ')lay be that we al'El asking you questions f\Pout whioh you
have never thought. As you are thinldng about: the question, if you
feel that because of youI:' own ssnsit:ivit:iea or l:Lfe expedallc8s or
beliefs l:hat you would be unable to be lmpal:tial in head.ng the
faots and evidenoe, please just I:'aise your hand.
'['he purpose of the jury sElleoU.on pl'ocess it to permit the
parties to select jurors who will decide their case based only upon
"
evj,(ll~noo wh:l.oh Will 1m prsll13nt:st\ :1.11 \:1113 Courtroo1\l dl\rillg t:he 001\1:'1313
of the t:dlll IIIIC\ \\POn \:he law wld.oh the Court: Wi.ll inflt:rl\ct the
j\Il:Y to npply, No ol:her rJousir\eri\ti.ollfl 01: pre:lqc\.Lce, b:l.ilS, fet\r
Dr ptlpa:l.on iJhol\ld f.1.'\\fJtrilt:B t:he d~lfJ:l.l:es ot: bot:h Il:l.dell to a fa:l.l:
hei\r:l.ng, 'or that reaaon, the Court and ilt:torneya w:l.ll now tlek you
ql\eet:l.qne 1Ibol\t: YOl\r [Jrl3viDlIIl knoWl,odge 0(: thf.l partiea, at torneys,
or fllctll in thia ailSS, ae well al3 your attitqde tOWilrds various
poaitiol1s of tho part:iel3, 1\13 YOI\ consider each question, we ask
t:hat you l:eneot; On whethel: you Ciln fa:l.dy and trul.y t:ry a case
involving thelle people and theao :I.sauea, II:, fit any time, you w:i.ah
to give an anawal: to one ot: the qUf.latiollEl out pt: the h13ar:l.ng at: the
panel 1\lf.l1\lbera, plaaae raise your hand and request a oonferenoe,
If you know something abollt the oape Or the partiea or the l.awyer.,
do 1I0t bl.tll.'t it out baoause :l.t may influenoe other jurors, It is
Iilepedally impOl:tant that you g:l.ve these questions your oomplete
alld honest conflideratj.on bacause we find that Elomet:l.me6 jurors,
after they have heard the case, w:l.ll rei\li~e that for reaflons
ullrelated to the case, they may not be able to render a fail.'
decision,
I. m~>>'-~R'l'IlilS AND LAWYmna
1, We are Ciltharine Mtlhady-Smith <lnd Stephen Pedersen,
attorneys ill 'Hill'l'isburg and Camp I\ill, Pennsylvania, l:espectively,
II, Do any of you know us or anyolle at our firms?
b, I\re <lny of you relntiveB or olose personal friends
of ourl3 Ot' <lny m8mber of our firn1l1?
1/.\) 13!11iIJAJ:1\ Scl1l:f\tr.
(pI [J!:' , [~m\l:enae ahielqt:l
loj PI: , chdi!top,hal;' Ryqar. '.1'"
p
(q) Pi:, Sau\:t I~ozin
(e) Pa.\l~ Anqel:~on
I f) .royoa MOfler
" H\liley "
19) Mf.\l:il yn
(h) Ant1 Spf.\de
(j.) Wenqy Shore
lj) [{pllin Portal'
ll~) Linq<\ aanl~fl
III Barbar<\ Fidler
(m) Amy Cool~
(n) " Pr, J, Chdl'l Carsy
',',
3'1 , If anyone has a persollal ImoWledge of, or relationflhip
.,with; Any of
lmQwleqge or
veJ:diot?
the above-named wl,tneflssfl, would yoUr perllonC\l
I' '
relatJ.o\1ship prevs\1t you from render.ing a fair,
"
35, If Anyone hae a Personal k"owledgs of, or
with, any of the named witneflsss, would you be more
anot/lsl' jury?
relat,ionflhip
., ,
oomfqrtabls on
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F.QlH~IUJIIAB.GK.JIQ.I-.1.
In a.i.v:U orHleS fJ\wh as t:hll'l ol\e, the p.1.i'linl:ifl~13 hAve the t:f\fllt oC
proving t:h0136 lJontent:iona whinh enl:ll:le t:ham to l:aUeC,
'l'he plainl:iffs I conl:el1tiona l11\lflt be elltabUl3had IJY R C<\h'
prepollderanoe of the evidenca, '1'he llJvidenrJe l3l'ltablishefl C\ contention
by A fA:ll~ prepondel:ance of the evldlmoG if you are perl3uaqaq thAt it
.ifl ",ore probi'lbly .acourAte al\el tn\e l:han not,
'1'0 put it i'lny other wny, thinlt, if you will., of f\llOl:dl.ni'lry
bnlulloe. sonle, with i'I relll 011 eaah side, Onto one sidt~ 01: the floale,
place aLl of: the evldenoe favorable to the pl.C\intiffs/ onto the
other, pl.aoe all of the evidence favol:<lble to the defendi\nts, IE,
after oonsidering the oomparable weight of the evidenoe, yO" feel
that l:he soalas \lip, ever eo sU.ghtll' or to the alighteat degree, j.n
favor of: the plaintiffs, your verdiot muat be for them, If the
soales tip in favor of the defendants, Ot'are equally balanoed, your
verdiot must be for the defendants,
In this case, tha plaintiffs hi'lve the taf3k of proving the
following propositions I that the defendants were negligent and that
the neg.l.igenoe was a SUbstantial factor in bringing about hal111
suffered by them, If, after considering all of the evidenoe, you
feel persuaded that these, propositions are more probably trUe than
not true, your verdict OOlSt be for the plaintiffa.
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Jil.Q1ll'r.....fQR..Jllil\.RliltJilh-1l
Me~ioal' neal~gence dOIl~iotP oC II n~g~igan~, of\ralal3fl, or
\.Infll~il1eQ pElrCOli'OIAnoe PV II phYl>inif\q pf \:he ct\l~ioll ilnpoflsq On him
or her py hill/her proCefll3iollSl rala\:ionl3hip with the patient, It
is filflO llagl:l.genoe whell CI phYllioif\n flhows a It\ol~ of, LJroper O~l:e,
ImoWleqge, or flldll in the pel:formanoe of, E\ pmJ;efloionl\l tlo\:,
Plaintifffl olaim \:hat the PafenQ.ntfl failed to ~sa proper care in
pl"oviqil19 oblltetrioClJ. ot1l'a to l3\.1fll\l1 E\n~ ,Jaoop Sohl:at'l';
pa, SSJI (aivl 10.02
Aooepted
Covared
Penied
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iD;rn';L~Il....QllMGJLli'h..JJl.
\'PII I\1\HII: qXl\min~l t:he manner by wh~.ch Psr.entll\1l1: John wowt:hiAn
Elrdvsd 1'\lZ his oono1.lIl'1iOllfl/dia9noI'l81'1 of Ma, SahrRI:?' I S pl:egnanoy <Inti
delivel:Y of .Taoob, 'loll mUfJt deale\s if the Pafendl\nt: used .1ll or. the
teahnologies and tests availabla to him to aid in the diagnosia all
the If.\W requires ld.l\\ to do,
Tlhere if.! a VElst differenoe between An error
of jlldgn1ent and negligenoa in the oollection
and aeolll'i.ng (If I:f.\otual tlf.\t:f.\ efll'lentin1. to
arriving at a proper oonclusion or jUdgmant,
If a phYlliaian, aa an aid to hia dil\gnollis,
i.,e" his jUdgment, doafl not avail himself of
the soientifio meane and facilities open to
him for the oolleotiol1 of the lliiu!.l:. factual
df\ta upon whioh to m:rive Elt hiI'! diagnosifl,
the l:e13ult ts not EII\ error of jUdgmant, bUl:
negligenoe in failing to seoure fin adequate
faotual baais upon which 1:0 support his
diagnof3ia or jUdgml'Jnt,
If the Pefendant did not use the saientifio tests and faoilities
availabl.e to him for the oollection of the IJilllt. faotunl infol;'mation
upon whioh to arrive at diagnoaes or judgmentfl, the result is not an
error in judgment but is negligenoe in failing to aeoure an adequate
basts upon which to support the diagnosea and judgment;s,
13.111i.kl.LY:~~, 1112 Po, 94, 105, 194 A, 2d 167 (1963)
TQQ.fiah v. Jonss, '119 Pa, 205, no, 213 A,2d 500 (1965)
Il\;!Sl fll.e.Q, Suboonunittee Note of Pa, SSJI (Civ) 10, 03A (review 1991)
entitl.ed
~Professional Judgment~
Accepted
Covered
Denied
.
.
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..
fQ:tNT_fQR__QlJl\.M~_N.Q,....J.a
'1'he PefanctcH1l:s I\re legally l-esponlliblH or Hflble I;ol' the
injuries SUfferect by the Plaintiffs if their negligent ccnduct
was the legal caUfle Of the injuries. In o~~er for the negligellt
oonduo\: to be a legal oauss, thAt con~uClt: muat: helVe been f\ raal
faotor in bringing about the in:luriea :In quafJtion, PlaintHfa do not
hAve to prove to a oertainty thAt proper madical oare WOlllct have
prevented the injuries,
When a defendant negligantly failf3 to aot, or negligently delaYfl
in etl1p1.oying indicaterl diC\gnostic or thel'apeut!c meaSUre(1, <In(l tl1e
negligence is a rS<ll faotor ill CaUfling injuries to the patient, the
plaintiffs do not have to prove to a oel'tainty thC\t propel' oare wou1.q
have, as C\ m~dic<ll faot, prevented the injuries in queation, If the
Pefendants I <lctions or inaotions have effeot:lvely termimlted .Tacob
Sohratz I s ohmlOes of avoiding injury" the CefEJIldants may not raise
oonjeotures all to the measure of the chances that they have put
beyond the possibility of re<llization, If there W<lS any substantial
pOf3sibility of avoiding injuries and the Defendants have destroyed
that pOSSibility, the Defend<lnts are liable to the Plaintiffs,
A causal oonnection batween the injuries suffered by Jacob
Sohratz and the Defendants' failure to exercise reasonable care may
be proved by evidence that the risk of incurring those injuries were
inoreased by the Defen~<lnt8 I negligent conduot,
'I'he law l'ecogn!zes that it is rarely posaible to demonstrate to
an a\;>solute certainty what would have happened in circumstances that
the wrongdoer did not allow to come to pass,
<I
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All ~n e~ampla, the negligent oparf.\don oj! <I flhip thAI: f<l:l1~
to inol\lqe fl\lfllioient Uf.eboat:1l Dannol: <ll'gnf3 t:h.\t: even if. the
lifepclatfl wel'e On I:he sinld119 I>hip, the pC\fl~,engerfl WO\llcj not hI-lYe
surviveq, i~ t:heff3 Wal> a anbRtantifll poaaip!lit:y of aurvival,
Simi~f1r examPles fire negligent: dootor~ who Cail (:0 qetect qanaer
OI' t:he er~l'ly sl:agefl of fI heart: C\ttaalc C\nd, in Qoin9 flo, AnOW the
difle<\fle to worfleni Ol' it beoame flel'ioqa Ol' fAtal.
P/.'I, S/;l,JI (Civ) ~10,03E, ~ fll/iQ, II0Eloke V..J!1w;:mU1o.rm.iJ;al of
Pittsburgh, ~99 Pa, /;luper, 47, 445 A,~d 140, 413(190~),.
Pq, SSJI (Civ) ~10,03E (p),
uamil-Y~~, 401 Pa, 456, 39~ A,~d 1200 (1970)
Restatement: of Torts ~d ij3~3 (a)
Aacepteq
Covered
Denied
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flllli',umR~Q.._:U
Altl1Ol.\gl1 it ifl the Plai.nl:if:fs' tafllt t:o eSl:t\bllflh I;he\t tl)\'l
Dafen~antEl ware negligent and tht\t aunh negligenoe inorsaaed the risk
of harm to the Plaintiffa, the PlAintifffl are not, however, required
to pl;'ove their case beyond A reaflonable doubt, The Plailltiffll are
not re'lui!:sd to eliminata entirely <\;1.1 pOllaibHil;y that the
Pefendantfl' oonduot was not a ollUse, It is enough thaI: l'1a:lntif fs
introduoe evidenoe t:l'om whioh l:easonable pel:SOllfl mElY oonol.Llde thClt .ll:
ill more pl'obAble that: the event Wllfl Caused by
t:he Pefendantfl than that it WflEl Ilot, 'I'he faot of oa\.\sf\tion ia
inoapllble of mathemAtioal proot, sinoe no one oan !'lilY with absolute
oerta.lnty whClt would helVS ocot\l:red if the Defendants had not been
negligent, 'l'hUll, when a child is drowned in a flwin1ming pool, no one
oan say with absol~ta certainty that a lifeguard would have saved
'him, But, the oommon exped.enoe of the oommunity permits t:he
oonol.uai.on that the guard would more 11robaply than not have done so
and, henoe, that the absence of the guard haa played a substantial.
part in bringing about the death of the child, Thi~ question if3.for
you, the jury, to tesol.ve,
Restatement of Torts 2d, 1I433B, Comment b
"
Acoepted
Covered
DeniEld
(
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fQIN'I' Ii'OR,,QHABGmliQ, ~,i
'fhe P:\'fI:l,ntiff/3 need on.~y r.\ell\pnl3tpat:e Py meqio<\:\, e~p'eJt tefl~:l,I1\pny'
W:l.t:h C\ ~'eflflOnaple deg~'ee of. mediofll aertC\j.nty that the pefenr~<\ntfl"
oondqqt ina+'e<\fleq the dl'll~ of hal:l1\ aatl.\<ll:\,y lluJ;1taineq by fIaopp
,
Sol1l'E\tll, IInd then yoq may deoiqa if 't:he pej;enqantfll Oonduot WC\1l <\
sqbfltant:lE\l ax' l'\3<\l fllotPJ.' inpr1ngin9 apPtlt t:he hRl'lI\,
JonelLV, fljontefiore Hospital., ~91\ Pa, 1\10, ...:U 1\,2r:1 920, 924 (1981)
g,radel v, InoU:tf;l, Il91 !?a, 63<1, 61\6, Il21!?f\, 1\,2d 671l, 679 (1980)
Aooepteq
COV6l"eq
Penied
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H y~t\ f.:l.nr.\ t:hflt: tll!l PaCenctal.lllll' flo\:ionfl :lnol'etHler.\ \;he r.:lfllt of
inj\l~Y tP '1Mop ~o\H:'at:~.1 yo\.l "lI\Y Hnr.\ \:l1a PIlCanqantfl we!:'!l' nea.l.igeht
allct t:h~t: t:hllir negligenoe Wall a Ilt\bflt~nt:ial CaOtor. :l.nb~:l.nging APPUt:
,the :lnjt\riell to Jaoop Sohl;'at~,
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POI, SSJI (Civ) 3,~6
Aqoepteq
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JACOB Salll<A'1'~, f\ Minor, by
SUSI\N r" /3CIIl<iI'l'~, His 1?aren\:
and Natul'al Gu!u:<Uall, al~q
8\1S1\N r" SCIllU\'1'Z I IndiviqUAlly
and j.n her own l'1gl1l:,
Pl!lint!efll
IN nm CO\1f{'1' oj)' COMMON 1?r,EllW
CUMP~l<LANP CO\1NTY, P~NN/3Yr..V1\Nli\
CIVI~ AC~~ON - LAW
Va,
JOliN WW'l'III1\N, M, P" and
C1\Rw!sr,~ WOM~N I S CAR~, P, c,' ,
, Defendants
NO, 97-1'769
JURY TfUAI, PElMilNPlnP
~AINTIFF81 JURX-YmRDIaT~RM
1, Do you f.1nci thf\t:t:he Pefendant, John wowthil:m, M,P./
wafl negligent?
Yell
No
If your anl3wer to que~tion 111 if3 yes,pl"ooeed t:o
qU8fltion /12,
If your anllWElr to question /11 ifl no, pleafJEl ret,urn
to the oO\.lrt~'oom ,
2,
Do you find that DefendAnt wowthian I fl neg,Ugenae
"
inoreased the ohanoea of Jaoob Sohrat~ls injuries?
Yes
/110
If your a1\flWel;' to qusl3tion 112 is yes, proceed to
questicm /13.
If your answer to question lI2 is no, please return
to the oourtroom.
,
3, PO you.~in~ that Pafendant Lowthian Wall tha
e\11ployee/agent oc Pefendan\: Cf\rl!sle Women' Il care, V, 0, at: the
t:ime he wafl proViding ~al'e to \:he Plf\i~t:ifffl?
Yefl
No
If your anflwer to quelltion 1I3 3.fl yefl, prOoeeq to
q\1el'l\::Lon 114,
If your f\nflwer to quelll:ion 1/3 is no, Pl'ooaaQ \:0
quafltion 1/ 4,
,.
4, . P;\.eaae fltate the AmO\lnt: of dam<lgl3s you aW/;\l'q for eE\oh I
A, JaOob1fl future meqioa;\. billfl
~
B, Jaoop'll p,hYflj,oa;\. pdn and flufferil1g
~~
C, Jaoob'll humHiflt:ion
~
D, Jf\oob'Il'disfigurement
~'
!D, Jaoob's 10llt earning oapaoity
~
V, Jfloob'fl mental, emotional pain and fluffer.ing
~~
G,
Jaoob's loss of life'fl pleE\flUrefl
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Pated,
BYI
Fqrepel'son
JlICoa BCIlltll'1'Z, a Minor, py I
SI/SAN L, SCURA'1'Z, Uis P<\ren\: I
anq, NatHl7<\l C:I\\llrqian, anQ ,
/3lJSAN r./, BCllRA'l'Z, Inqj.viqt\f\l1y I
and in hel' own. right, 'I
I
Plf\in\:iffs I
I
vs, I
I
JOliN LJOWTIUlIN, M, D " anq I
CARLISLTil WOMEN"S CARE, P,C" ,
. I
Petend<lnts I
IN' 'I'IIP: COUR'l' ot~ 'COMMON PLEAS
CPMBlilRLAlW COlJN'ry, Pl~NN/3\'INAl'1IlI
CIVIL ACTION - Ll\W
NO , 97 - 1759
JURY TRIlILDEMANDEP
~lllf1.! RmeUmSTD1D veIll DIRIlUlIJma.~IQlifJ
Wha\: \f,e are doing at thill paint is to try qnq qetel'mine it
there might be anything in your baokgl;'ound or expel'ienoel3 thflt
woulq prevent you fl'Om rendering a fflir and impartial verliiot in
this oase, T!le:t:'s if] nothing wrong wil:h having a fltropg opiniOn
I
about a oertain sUbjeqt/topio, but we need to know if you do
beoauss thofl6 feelings or opinions might bear on your deliberations
in thifl oase,
It may be that we al'e aSking you questionl3 about whioh you
have never thought, As you are thinking f.\bout the queloltion, if you
,
feel that beoause of your own sensitivities or life experienoes or
beliefs that you would be unable to be impartial in hearing the
faots and evidenoe, please just rais~ your hand,
'I'he purpose of the jury seleotion prooess it to permit the
parties to select jurors who will decide their oaae based only upon
evidence which Will be p!:e8sn\:ell in the Co\ll:trOOIl1 dnring the CPnrae
oe the trial And upon the law Which the Court will, inatrllct: the
j\1ry 1:0 qpply I No other copsiderations 01: prejuq:l.ce, bias, Ilear
o~' PAfll3ion shonltl fn\lll:rate the c\esire~i of both rJ!dea 1:0 a fail:
hearing, 'or that reason, tho COnrt And qttorneye will now ask you
ql\elltions about: YO\1r previous jWI)wlellge of the pl.u:des, At t:orneYf3,
or facts in this oase, as well Afl your attitnde towards varioufl
positions of th~ partiee, Aa you oonsider eaoh question, we ask
that: yon l:,eflect on wl1ethel: YO\l oal1 ff.\il'ly and truly tl'y a oase
inv9lving thel3a people and thelle iflllues, If, at f.\ny time, you willh
to give Em answer to one of the questionfl out of the heal"ing of the
panel memberf3, pleafle rtlise YOUl' hand and request a oonferenoe,
If you know something abo\1t the oase or the parties or the lawyers,
do not blurt it out beoauae it may influence other jurors, It is
espeoially important that you give these questions YOUl' oompl,ete
and honest oonsideration beoauae we f:l.nd that sometimes jurors,
after they have heard the oase, will reali~e that for reaf30ns
unrelated to the oase, they may not be able to render a fair
decision,
I , ~ODUC'l'IQN OF PJUl.'l'IIilS AND LAWYlilnS
1, We are Cathed.na Mahady-Smith and Stephen L'edel"f3en,
attorneya in Harrisburg and Camp Hill, Pennsylvf\nia, respeotively,
a, Po any of you know us or anyone at our f i.III\IJ?
b, Arl,'l any of you relatives or close per/wlldl triends
of ours or any member of OUl' firms?
20, Ia l:hel:e f!nyonu her.e who WP\I.ld Allpw anyth~ng aeen or
heard ftPout If\Wa\litfl in general or auits Aga:lnflt dootora in
pal:l:iO\ll./ilr to affeqt the ol1\:oPl1\e of the oasl'l?
29, ~f yot\ ale infltl'\.Ioted by the OO\lrt that: YO\! I1\flY f1w<\rd
mpney qamassll for Physioal PAin anq fluffering, is ther.e anyone who,
beoaUfle of flome fixed opinion or pelief, oaUlq npt Award mpney
damf\gell for theae injuriell?
30, III l:here anyone whoqoea not believe t:hat a If\WSUJ.t ifl
the proper method of resolving disputes against dodtors?
31, Ifl there flnyone who does not think that juries Ilhould
have the right to malce deoisj,ons abotlt the oonduct of medJ.oal
persons?
32, When you tfllce your oath as jurol'a, will you be able to ..
sweAr that you will deoide this oase based only on the faots of the
oafle and not 011 any other oonsidel:ations?
33, Is there anyone who wouJ.d allow sympathy l~or the.. dootor
to influenoe his/herdeoision in this oase?
"
III. KNOWLEOGE OF O~ nmLA~IONS~_WITNmSS
In addition to Susan Sohrat~1 the following witneSf3es ar.a
expected to be called or referred tal
(A)
(b)
(q)
(q) ,
(e)
(il)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(J~)
(;1. )
(m)
(n)
~l'Irpf\t'l'\ Ilalm\~l<l
PI', ~aUranqe Shiel~p
Pp. Cht"il'l\:ophal.' Ryner
pr. SOOtt l<o~in
PAul 1'\nqarflon
, Joyoe MOflel7
MElr!J.YI1 Hurley'
1'\1111 Spade
Wendy Sho+e
~obil1 Porter
Lindfl Banl~s'
13f\l"bara L;oidler
Amy Coolt
Pr, J, ,elir!s Cf\:I;'ey
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34, If
wir.h, f\ny of
ltnpWledge or
verdiot?
anyone hf\fl El personal ltl10wledge of, 0:1;' relf\\::!,ol1flhip
the above-named witneflfleJ3, would your perf30nal
relatianllhip prevent you from rendering f\ ff\ir
"
35, If f\nyone has a personal lmoWledge of, or t'13lationahip
with, any of the named witneflSBf3, \,/ouldyou be more oomfortE\ble on
another jury?
~
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i.QIliT---EQlL.QlIAR(iJil NOW!
1\ l11eQ~QC\:t. ,l11fllprt\lJ\:ipl3 Of.\f:l13 .if! t\ ,oiVl.1 f.\O\:ipl1f.or c1'1Il1f\gl3f.i
~nq no~hing 1110r13, '1'1113 flo~.a if.ii3l1e ill whet:llel: the P:t.C\in~~ff hOlf.l
1311ffereq Jnj 1I1:ief.i 0If.i a ~"el3l1~ t of the Def13nqanti3' improper oOnc'\lIot,
f\llq i/.ll:hull I3ntitleq to 1l10netAry oompenl3ation f,or thoi3e :i.njufiel3.
'l~e 0<\1313 cloel3 not involve Pllnii3hment pf the DefenQAnti3, or even
oritioif:l1l1 of DefenqAnt.' profei3s!onf\l OI~ilitie., beyonq the faot.
ol~ th:i.s ma'tter, 't'he a~.ailll cloes 1'101: involve the Defenl~alltl3'
1"eplltf\l:ioJI., meqiOEI:j. P1"aot:i.oe/ or r:i.ghti3 all a HOellf;leq phYf.iioitln
and/or h013pitfll. 'l'herefore, no thought i3hould be given to the138
irreleVAnt oOIlf:liderf.\tion13 in r,aoll1ng a Verdict in the ca136,
POI, aSJI (Civ) 10,07
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Acoepted
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~
Denied
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In oivil ot\/.ie. slIch a, thil3 one, the plaintiffl'l have the taak of
proving thooe contentiono whioh entitle them tp relief,
'rlle pldnl:Hf.' aonl:enl::lpni3 mil. I: ~e e.tabHl'lhed l}y a fAir
preponderAnce of the evidenoe, 'l~e eviC\enoe ei3tf.\blil3hea A aontention
by ft fair preponderanoe of the evidenoe if you are peralladed that it
:i.a mOl'e rJl:obably acourate find true than not,
To put it allY other way, thilllc, if you will, of an'ordinary
I;>alanae SOale/ with ,a parI 011 efloh side, Onto one l3ide of the soale,
plaoe all of the ev:i.denoe ff\Vorable to the plEl.lnt:i.ffsl onto the
other, plt\ae all of the evidenoe favorable to the defendants, If,
after aonl'lidering the Con1pcll"f.1ble weight of the evidenae, you feel.
that the saalea tip, ever so slightly or to the slightest degre~, in
favor of: the pl/'.lintiffl'l, your verdiat muat be for them, If the
saqles tip in favor of the defendants, or are equally balanoed, your
verdiot must be for the defendants,
In this oai3e, the plaintiffs have the tEll'll< of proving the
following propositions I that the defendants were negligent and that
the negligenoe wal'l, a subl'ltantial factor :i.n bringing about hal111
suffered by tMm, If, /'.lfter considering all of the 'evidence, you
feel peri3uaded thtlt thesepropol'litions are more pl:obably l:rue than
not true, your verdiot. 1l1U13t be for the plaintiffs,
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The Defendants are legally reapnni3i~le or liable for the
injul::lea i3~lffered ~y the Pla:i.ntif.Cll if their negligenl: oonc'\uat
was the legal aausa of the injuriel'l, In order for the negligent
aonquat to be a legAl cause, that conduct must haVA been a real
faator in bringing about the injuriei3 in question, Plaintif~a c'\o not
have to prove to a certainty that proper mec'\iaal care would have
prevented the injuriei3,
When a defendant negligelltly fails to act/ or negligently delaYI3
in employillg indiaated diagnol'ltic or therapeutic maaaurea, and the
negligence il'l a real factor ill caui3ing injuriel'l to the patient, the
plaintiffs do not have tp prove to a certaillty that proper aare would
,
have, al'l a medical faat, prevented the injuriel'l :i.n question, If the
Defenclants' aot:i.ons or :i.nact:i.ons have effeatively t",rm:lnated Jacob
ilahrat2:'. ohances of avo:i.d:i.ng :i.njury / the Defendants may not raise
conjeotures al'l to the measure of the ahancea that they have put
beyond the pOl'lsib:i.lity of reali2:atioll, If there was any 8l~}stantial
po.s:i.bility of avoidillg injuries and the Defendants have destroyed
that possibility, the Defendantl'l are l:i.able to the Plaintiffs,
A causal connection between the injuries suffered by Jaoob
Sahrat2: and tbe Defendants' failure to exercise reasonable aare may
be proved by evidence that the risk of incurr:i.ng those :i.njuries were
increased by the Defendants' Ilegligent conduat,
The law recogni2:es that it is rarely p08s:i.ble to demonstrate to
I.\n absolute certainty whilt would have happened in circumstances that
the wrongdoer did not allow to come to pailS,
.,
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l:QIlfi'J..Q.JL.QlIARGJLl(Q~_.,j,a.
Although it ip the rlRinti~fq' t~~k to eatahlif;lh that the
Pfil~endRnl:fl were neg:t.!gent !\nd. that flllOh negll.genae l,nOl:l3aflo~\ I:he I;l.al~
of harm to the rlQinti~ffll the rluintif~fl ar~ not, howove;, requireQ
to prav,!" their oa.e beyon~1 A reasonAble doubt, 'l'he LJlaint.i.fr.. al;e'
not reqll~reel to el~minata entirely all pOl3flibility that the
Defendanl:O' aOllquat waa nol: a Oallf:le, It: :i.l'l (~Ilough that Plainl:i.r. fl'l
introQuol'l evieleno,e from whioh l'easonable perpon. limy aonr.llude l:hat :i.t
is more probable that the event wa. cuui3ed by
the Pefendanl:1'l thall that it wal'l not, 'rhe faat of aauaation h
incapable of mathematioal proof, einae no one Oan aay with ab.olute
oertail1ty whElt WOlllcl have ocourred if the Pefenclant. had not been
negligent,' 'l'lllli3, when a 'ohild is drowned in a l'lwimming pool/no one
oanaay with ab13011lte oertainty that a lifegUard would have saved
him, But, the oommon e~pedenoe of the oommunity pern1itl'l the
oonolu~ion that the guard woulq more probably than not have done eo
and, henoe / that the abaence of the gua~'d hal'l played a lJUbatantial
part in bringing about the death of the ohild, 'l~is quel3t~on is ear
you, uhe jury, to rel'lolve,
Restatement of. 'rol't. 2el, !i433D/ COI.11ment b
Accept:eel
Covered
Denied
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I , lilt.,
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PO Itf'l' UOIL.QJfJ\RGllL.NQ, 2 U
The P10l~ptiff i~ enti~le~ to ~a oompenl3at~d Cor OIpy lpps b~
fu~ure eA~ninB oApap~ty thnt he will 13UCfar UI3 " result of alopp
of futU~e 9ro~~otivity,
Future produotivity is the increa13e in wages or oompenl3ntion
whioh Jncob Sohrat~ WoUld llAve reaeived hall he PQt sUf3tained hi13
~njurie13, J:'la:i.Pt:i.fC8 have .uPll1itted evidenoe tlwoHSh a vpaOlt:lon<ll
speoial, i(:lt who hal3 OOll1Pl1teQ ,:raoop' ~ lo.~ of earn~ng., aQding a
produativity ff.\ator, If YOll pelieve that Jaoob SchrAt~ has 13Ustaineq
a 10138 of produotivity, you may U(:le thio evldenaa a. a gUide in
reaching your decieiop ai3 to the amount of J:'laint:1ff'13 ;Lo1313 Of ~ut:ure
earning capaaity,
Pa, SSJI (Civ) 6,~~'
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l\aoepted
Covered
Denied
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iQ;tN~...lQR....QW\.RQIUro.+-...u
1~p ,plA~n~tVC ip an~ttladtp be CAirly and RdaqU~~~ly
onll1rellJ'lE\~I'l~\ f,pJ:l3n'oh phYI3 ~,OAl pain I I1lental f1ll91l:!.r,Jll, dil3oPIl1Cpr\:' /"
~nOonvf1ntanoa ElI1l~ ,~ial:+,e13. al3 you fino he l1af;l endU1"sd, Cr'll11 \:.he
t:\.I\113 pI! \:,IN E\oq~.~ent' (inqic\ent:) untH toc\ay,
Pa, saa~ (Civ), fi,O~~'
Aooapt:ec\
Cpvereq
Denied
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qpml?all~OIteq ~P~" f,il\ph l}hyaipf\l pf.\in, mal1tE\,l flnglliPh, ~U13PQml:pl'\:1
inaonvanienqa find ~i13t~al3l3 OIs YOll belieVI3 ha wi~l andllra in \:ha
flltllra E\13 fI ~a~ult of his injuria13,
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f.\\l:t.y 1;19\11fl13n[:101\:e th'e I?:\.A:l.1W1f f. fO!;' fin tnjut'tal'l,
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WAIT OF J=)(!:CIJTION I1ncl/('lr ATTACHM!:NT
OOMMONWf:;Al TH OF Pt:NNSYlVANIA)
COUNTY OF OUMPt:RI.AND)
NO, g\).:ll~~!___ CIVil. W\-.'!'1'1111
OIVll ACTION. lAW
TO THt: SHt:I~If'F OFQ\ln~"'.rl1lmL_____._mn._..___OOLJNTY:
To aflllafy 1110 (fobl, InloroaluM r.oola dllo _!~9tlJl.11d_1noIL_.._____________
.. - '-'---...- -- _________. --------.-.-----.-------.______._.____"__ .__._ PlAINTIFF(S)
frolll.Tl1lJ!!l'Is -"I!ghi!'!!l~ill...s'-41~mq1ltIJSlu_.!'Lk~L!f>Ll.9.~d~"'obnnioslmJ:{lLfll 170;;5 __
,,'. '-"~---'- .....-..--.-.--.. ......_-_....~----_.....- ..._--_._~~------._._._----_._----~--
--.-. -. .u...._.__ _ ......__ _____'._ ....____.....__._.._h_____. .._,____~ __..__._.____..__._________~___
Dt:FENPANT(S)
(1) YOll mo dlroolod to lovy lIpon Iho proporty of Iho rfolondunl(o) and 10 0011.. _.__"..__.___
---.- ----- .11]J_.l)(>E~!1!lJ .<Iml E~!11_PE()[l<;lrtY____.._....___._________'_n__.______
... ----~.. --.., ... - '.' -. - --- '-.-..-------,.. .. ------..-..... __n____...._~_~~~__. .... _.__~.___ _u___.__.
.._......n...._.______..._..____~._.....~___ ...___.____.._.__....__~_.___
(g) You mo 0100 dlrootod 10 ulluoh 1110 properly ollho dolonclonl(a) nOllovlod upon In Iho possosslon 01
-..---- .__....--.._-._._-~-_._--.. '_'_____. .'_.~~n___...._. .__.___.. '_._____.__~~_~._.~__.
-_.._~-_.._-._.~.._~_..__..._- ~~....._.-.~-~-,.-...~----_....-------.__.._._-..._----
-._._..___n._._._~____..~.___...._._.____.___...,._._____._'_...._._______.___...___~...__~_____.____
._.____n________._____....__._.._____._________... ----.--____GARNISH!:I~(S) as followa:
----.---.--~-~-----._--._..-___.__o__._...~______________
und to nollfy tho gurnlohoo(s) thsl: (0) an ulloohl11ont hos bool1lssuod: (b) 1110 gurnlsl1oo(a) Is/uro onJolnod frol11 pllylno uny
dobllo or for Iho uocounl 01 Ihe dolondunl(s) unci frol11 do live ring ony proporly 01 Iho dofQndanl(s) or ollwrwlso disposing
thoroof;
(3) If proportyol 1110 dlllondan1(s) not lovlod upon all subJoOllo ullool1lnolllls lound In Iho possession of unyonoolhor
1I1Ilf1U nUl110d gornlshoo, you oro dlrootollto no\lly hllll/hOrlhul ho/sl1o hos boon ecldod us ogarnlshoo und la onJolnod us above
slulod,
Al110unl 'DUo-.~I'_@lQI.QR-'?\!l1--;--"-'-'o."-'''-'-'';'-'SDm'71'' 1..1., ,,\,,_,-~.n-.-..__.___.__..
from ,111..Y ~( ;~" , zto Plesunt , / ..5,00
Inloroot .--Untl:ltl:1eLt1';',_.\'1_,Jli .!lm'Ln.._____,..____ Duo Proll1y..J\l.&O. .
AlIy'a 0011111I_________ % ____._____ Oll1or Cosla
Ally Puld .J1.1L..50 __n__________,_----_._.
Plulnlllf Pold___,.____.______..____.__"
----0__-.
Dflln: ....l1lJ.nlllitJ&,...lQQO ________._ ..____,."
,_gl1t~~Js.J~.!....Ipng_
I'rolhonolary, Qlvll Dlvlslun
by: __aJ:L~1 11 ..' ttA) /b 1\1ftL
tLlriJ'- 4l9"PUlv
R!:QUESTING PA'HV:
Nal110 M1lrk 11. DenlInger _.
Addreoa: 10 I'IISt 1lJ.21J Stre8t _______
CllrHale/ I'll l70.13 ____.__..
Attornoy fat: \1011n W. MElc!~_____._____.."._____...
Telophono: J_n?J_Jc1~.:;!:l.1L.____.____.__...______
SuproITlO COUlIID No, 113794