HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-17-92
:
IN RE:
ESTATE OF
ROBERT M. MUMMA,
Deceased
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA
NO. 21-86-398
ORPHAN'S COURT DIVISION
RESPONDENT ESTATE'S TRIAL MEMORANDUM REGARDING
PETITION FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF A TEMPORARY FIDUCIARY
A. PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
This action is brought by Robert M. Mumma, II (RMMII) et al.
under Section 4301 of the Probate Code, 20 P.C.S. 9 4301,
requesting that temporary fiduciaries be appointed to replace the
executrixes, Mrs. Mumma and Mrs. Morgan,
"with regard to the
administration of the decedent's interest in Lebanon Rock."
This petition ~"l~ls with an earlier one filed on February
10, 1989, in which RMMII asked the court to remove the executrixes
as fiduciaries as to the entire Estate. No action was ever taken
with respect thereto, and RMMII filed a petition to defer action on
the removal petition in March 1991.
There was no reason given for the inordinate delay in bringing
the instant petition before the court.
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B. FACTUAL BACKGROUND
The company involved, Lebanon Rock, Inc. ("Lebanon Rock" or
"LRI"), is owned _ by RMMII personally, and"" by the Estate.
Mrs. Mumma and RMMII are also the only, and equal, directors of
LRI. Despite this equality of ownership and ability to control,
prolonged and complex litigation in Dauphin County involving these
parties has shown that RMMII has treated Lebanon Rock as though it
were 100% owned and controlled by him. On an ongoing basis for
approximately four (4) years, without disclosure to or consent
from the Estate as his equal shareholder/director, RMMII makes all
the decisions, does not consult or advise the Estate in any manner
concerning the operations, and has made numerous self-dealing
arrangements between himself (or companies owned 100% by him) and
Lebanon Rock. RMMr:, has also continued to extract 5% of the gross
sales into a company solely owned by him, and has used the monies
of Lebanon Rock for his own personal purposes without approval of
the Estate. Faced with RMMII's usurpation of control over an Estate
asset, the executrixes have been involved in the Dauphin County
litigation in an effort to preserve and protect the Estate's 50%
owne"'trfl..dill~.Pf p!"..":frn LRI. Despi te RMMII' s contentions, there is
no conflict of interest involved with respect to the executrixes'
fiduciary duties.
Against this background, it quickly becomes clear that RMMII
is looking only to benefit his 50% interest in Lebanon Rock, and
that RMMII is entirely ignorant as to the effect on the other
businesses and assets of the Estate of what he wants as an
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individual shareholder of LRI. In sum, it is crystal clear that
all RMMII wants is a mechanism for removing entirely the Estate
from LRI. His current petition simply seeks the court's stamp of
approval on his coup d'etat at Lebanon Rock, through the
appointment of a "temporary fiduciary" to replace the executrixes
of the Estate.
As is demonstrated below, RMMII is focusing the court I s
attention """,11I", lIw..W,;"asset -- Lebanon Rock -- and asking the
court to remove the executrixes from controlling the Estate's
interest in that asset. This is no different than his prior
petition, which sought to remove the executrixes from control over
all estate assets, except that it involves a different section of
the Probate Code. UUlf11mrmlllJ
l)r'l HJJ1T ofi liM .'
"111rna J..III.L; ~43QJ., ,.~
and because, in this instance, appointing a temporary fiduciary is
the same as removing a fiduciary, the legal standards for removal
should be applied. When this is done, it is clear that RMMII's
petition should be denied.
C. LEGAL ANALYSIS AND ARGUMENT
The executrixes have a fiduciary obligation to administer all
estate ,~assets in a prudent and reasonable manner so as to
provide optimum benefits for the Estate as a whole, and for all
beneficiaries. See steele Estate, 377 Pa. 250, 257, 103 A.2d 409
(1954). Even though this obligation, which inherently requires a
balancing of sometimes competing interests, may constrict the
benefit to RMMII as an individual owner of 50% of one estate asset,
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1489
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Lebanon Rock, it does not in and of itself create a conflict of
interest.
The gist of the complaint by RMMII seems to be that the
executrixes have pursued the original arrangements made by the
decedent for Elco, a corporation primarily owned and controlled by
the Estate, to have rights to the -- 1Ir ~e in the Lebanon Rock
quarry. Elco existed in the dolomite business for several years
before December, 1985, when decedent established Lebanon Rock as a
company to first quarry and sell high calcium stone from that same
quarry, and then to become passive to the extent of developing real
estate and receiving royalties from Elco on the dolomite which Elco
would continue to extract for many years into the future. ~~
was invited in to become a 50% owner of Lebanon Rock at the time
~ llrjnr"'TIf In Jill "Tin lti!li_'EJII."iU85.
RMMII's real objection is that recognizing this purpose for
Lebanon Rock would terminate his ability to extract large sums of
money from Lebanon Rock for his own personal benefit through
rentals of equipment and through the 5% override on sales.
RMMII I S preference, clearly established in the Dauphin County
litigation, is to have Lebanon Rock enter into the dolomite
business, something which the decedent never intended for Lebanon
Rock to do. Despite the executrixes acting in accordance with the
decedent's wishes, RMMII alleges that they are actually favoring
other estate interests and assetl$.;\~;;p.etri~t of LRI.
However, the executrixes do not own any interest in any
business individual Iv which would be in conflict with any of the
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businesses operated and owned by the Estate, including Lebanon
Rock. Thus, there is not in reality a conflict of interest.
The executrixes have acted reasonably in administering the
Estate and its businesses, and have merely been attempting to
recoup for Lebanon Rock in the Dauphin county litigation the
hundreds of thousands of dollars improperly taken from it by RMMII
as an individual, and to see that it is operated the way its
founder, the decedent, established. This involves no more conflict
of interest than what decedent had purposefully created when these
arrangements were established by him several months prior to his
death. In fulfilling the decedent's scheme, implemented ab initio
by the decedent while fully aware of the "conflict", the
executrixes are doing no more than fulfilling the decedent's
intentions, which the court must respect, absent a showing of fraud
or bad faith. Flaqq's Estate, 365 Par 82, 73 A.2d 411 (1950).
This is so because removal of the executrixes would be a
drastic action, to be taken only when the estate is endangered and
the court's intervention would be necessary to protect the property
of the estate. Pitone Estate, 489 Pa. 60, 68, 413 A.2d 1012, 1016,
appeal after remand, 297 Pa. Super. 161, 443 A.2d 349 (1980);
Ouinlan Estate, 441 Par 266, 268, 273 A.2d 340, 342 (1971). Because
decedent chose these executrixes as his fiduciaries, the bur~en on
-.-..--"--- -------_.... --._._...~~-_..__...,_... .-,
RMMII to prove that they should be replaced is higher than if the
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fiduciary had been court-appointed, because the decedent's right to
". --.--..--.---....
direct the administration of his estate is a property right.
Rentschler Estate, 11 Par D & C 2d 357 (O.C. Phila.), affirmed, 392
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Pa. 46, 139 A.2d 910, cert. denied 358 U.S. 826 (1958); Glessner's
Estate, 343 Pa. 370, 374, 22 A.2d 701, 702 (1941). RMMII must show
that his petition is not based on whim or caprice, and that a
substantial basis for removal exists. Barnes Estate, 339 Pa. 88,
95, 14 A.2d 274, 277 (1940); Hartman Estate, 331 Pa. 422, 428, 200
A. 49, 52 (1938).
Importantly, the litigation in Dauphin county, while nominally
involving Lebanon Rock, is actually litigation between the Estate
as a 50% owner thereof, and RMMII as the other 50% owner. In fact,
the litigation has proceeded as shareholder's derivative actions
brought by Robert and by the Estate, both of which are about
Lebanon Rock, but do not actually involve Lebanon Rock itself as a
party. Therefore, there is not, as set forth in paragraph 16 of
RMMII's Peti tion, any litigation "between Elco Concrete and
Lebanon Rock", and thus no conflicting interest as has been
asserted.
Lebanon Rock, in which the Estate owns a 50% interest, along
with several other companies which are substantially owned and
controlled by the Estate, must be operated in a cooperative and
harmonious manner for the benefit of the Estate and its
beneficiaries, including potentially RMMII. The mere fact that
this might upset RMMII because of his individual ownership of 50%
of Lebanon Rock does not create a conflict, nor does it provide
cause for removal of the executrixes.
It appears that the instant petition is yet another attempt by
RMMII to harass the executrixes and to make an end run around the
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1.492
potential action which he fears the Dauphin County Court is about
to take to terminate his unilateral manipulation of Lebanon Rock
Inc. for his own gains.
In fact, the prudence and reasonable
nature of the position of the executrixes is made clear by the fact
that the Dauphin County Court has consistently supported the
Estate's posi tion that Elco should continue quarrying dolomite
with the payment of a royalty to Lebanon Rock, and that Lebanon
Rock should not be allowed to quarry dolomite. These are reflected
in the Court's orders of september 7, 1990 and October 18, 1991.
(Copies attached) The mere disagreement by RMMII is not sufficient
to establish the substantial improper behavior or lack of
responsibility that is required in order to remove a fiduciary.
It must be kept i~__n:~_Tl~thiit:_",,,en thQugh_ the5lt;Cit\}te ( 20
Pa.C.S. ~ 4301) upon which RMMII is proceeding is one to appoint a
temporary fiduciary, this by its nature involves a removal of the
executrixes. Therefore, the case law cited above should control
this court's action on the current petition, in the absence of case
law under that section of the Probate Code. It makes sense that the
same standards should apply, because the appointment of a temporary
fiduciary would involve the removal and replacement of the existing
executrixes. The standards appli=~,::~d_~_3~_ __I'a~C. S. ~ 3182 for
removal make clear that any action of the court to impinge on the
..~_.'_ ,'_,,'.._,',__. _ .._,. ..___.._.. m....' ,.-' ..
decedent's chosen fiduciary I s right to act must proceed with
caution, because supplanting the decedent's choice, whether
entirely or, as here, on a temporary basis, is a drastic step.
---..----
pitone Estate, supra. Absent bad faith, a decedent's knowing
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1493
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appintment of a shareholder of a company as a fiduciary of an
estate containing stock of that company will not be disturbed.
pincus Estate, 378 Pa. 102, 110-111, 105 A.2d 82, 86 (1954). Here,
not only did the decedent place his wife and daughter in the
executrix capacity, but he also implemented the program for Lebanon
Rock and Elco which those executrixes are now trying to carry out,
and about which RMMII now complains. Nothing in
rises to the level needed to compel this court to override the
decedent's intentions, as thereis simply no showing of fraud or bad
faith on the part of the executrixes. ~
Furthermore, the reason given by RMMII for the need to have an
expedited hearing -- that the Dauphin Deposit Bank line of credit
is in jeopardy -- is no longer true, if it ever was. See the
bank's letter of December 18 attached to the Estate's Petition to
stay, and note also that the Estate has executed and returned to
the bank the documents delivered with the Dec. 18, 1991, letter.
Practically speaking, Section 4301 is geared toward those
situations in which there is a temporary need to replace a
fiduciary, due to that fiduciary's inability, incapacity or
unwillingness to act, a conflict of interest, or some other reason
or a temporal and temporary nature. RMMII's petition is more geared
toward what he alleges to be an onqoinq conflict of interest in the
executrixes with respect to Lebanon Rock, just one asset of a large
estate. The timing of his petition, and the focus on this one
asset, cannot be ignored, and in this regard, the several years of
litigation in Dauphin County involving Lebanon Rock and the
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149,1
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competing interests of RMMII and the Estate therein cannot be
understated. The executrixes seek to carry out the decedent I s
intentions for Lebanon Rock, and RMMII wants to take Lebanon Rock
down a different path. The conflict, then, is onlY between RMMII
and the Estate in their capacities as ecrual owners of this one
estate asset. The executrixes have no conflict of interest so long
as they continue to strive to achieve a proper balance in
administering all of the estate's assets.
Applying the relief sought by RMMII to this one asset does
not relieve the problem at all, since the temporary fiduciary would
also have to consider the interests of the Estate as a whole,
which includes promotion of the interests of Elco and adherence to
the original agreement. Lisa Morgan, one of the executrixes, will
testify that she considers it important that Lebanon Rock be
established in the futurre as it was intended to be by the
decedent, that is, to receive royalty income and develop real
estate, so that it would be a source of revenue for the Estate and
the income beneficiary without any risk or similar attendant
problems. It is impossible to divorce the responsibility on an
asset-by-asset basis, and Section 4301 was not designed with that
in mind.
It would appear that any alleged "loss" because of the
administration of Lebanon Rock by the executrixes would be a matter
to be considered on objections to the account, surcharge, etc. On
the other hand, the fact that Lebanon Rock, under RMMII's dominion
and control for three and one half years, has failed to show a
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:1495
profit, is appropriate evidence to consider since he now seeks to
supplant the executrixes with a person or persons who will side
with him in promoting his individual gain over that of the Estate.
D. CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, it is respectfully requested that the
Petition for Appointment of a Temporary Fiduciary be denied.
Respectfully submitted,
GOLDBERG, KATZMAN & SHIPMAN, P.C.
~j)Q/0^~
R6nald M. Katzma Esquire
P.O. Box 1268
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1268
(717) 234-4161
BY:
Attorneys for Estate of Robert M.
Mumma
January 17, 1992
10
1496
HI RE:
LITIGATION INVOLVING
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
DAUPHIN COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
ELCO CONCRETE PRODUCTS, INC.,
LEBANOrl ROCK, INC.,
p.uBERT H. NUNNAj II.
LISA fl. HORGAN,
BARBARA McK. MUMMA,
THE ESTATE OF ROBERT M.
MUMMA, et al
,'J(l, .'J() -;;) [f) 11 Tn
NO. 6722 EQU ITY
NO. 3210 S 1988
NO. 6744 EQU ITY
ORDER
AND NOW, this 18th day of October. 1991. we direct that Elco
Concrete Products, Inc. shall continue to have access to the quarry
for the mining of dolomite in accordance with the provisions of
our September 7, 1990 order and we direct that Lebanon Rock, Inc.,
pending further order of this Court, nelfT..li -,
-~nl -__Ie
to third persons.
On Friday, rlovember 29, 1991 at 9:00 A.M. we
will hear evidence in support of the contending positions of the
adversaries on the corporate management of Lebanon Rock, Inc.
Specificaly, we will address the issues of deadlock in the
management of Lebanon Rock, Inc. and the statutory means to deal
with that corporate situation as provided in the Associations
Code, Title 15, Pa.C.S.A.
Additionally, we will hear evidence
on the issue of whether Robert M. Mumma II is the president of
Lebanon Rock, Inc. and whether Robert M. Mumma II should be removed
as a director of that corporation.
We direct that counsel for
the parties submit to us memorandums of law, no later than November
15. 1991, setting forth the provisions of the Associations Code
which counsel deem appropriate for us to consider, the relief
that they think the Court should grant, if any, and the testimony
that supports their position that already appears of record,
1.497
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(counsel shall
as well as an
refer us to the appropriate transcript and page),
outline of the testimony proposed to be presented
on November 29, 1991 on these lS~U~~.
The
Court
will
hear
evidence, during
on December 30,
two days of hearings,
1991 and continuing on
commencing at 9:00 ".~l.
December 31, 1991, on the following
1. Whether a contract was
Issues:
formed
between Elco Concrete
Pro due t s . 1 n c . a II d L e bon 011 Roc k , I II C . I' e [" t: i 11 e II t tat 'I e cut r ell t
operations in the quarry as well as those dnticipated or desired
by the parties, extending into 1992.
2. Whether Elco has mined outside the pit limi t.
3. Whether or not Elco should be permitted to mine, in the
future, outside the pit limit.
4. Whether Lebanon Rock, Inc. is entitled to damages for
Elco's quarrying inside and outside the pit limit.
The Court will hear evidence, in two days of hearings.
commencing at 9:00 A.H., January 23, 1992, and continuing through
January 24, 1992, on the (oI1owitls\ issues:
1. Whether Lebanon Rock is entitled to damages resulting
from the bank account opened by an employee of Elco.
2. Whether Lebanon Rock is entitled to damages for improper
actions undertaken by the directors and employees of Elco.
3. Whether damages are appropriate by virtue of the alleged
breach of agreement to guarantee the line of credit.
4. "The 30 acre dispute."
The parties shall submit to the Court on
9, 1992 memorandums of law setting forth the
or before January
factual data which
1498
they believe supports th~ir position. (with reference to
transcripts and page references) and appropriate legal
for their position. These memorandums shall include suggested
specific findings of fact and conclusions of law.
The Court will hear evidence. during two days of hearings,
commencing at 9:00 A.M. on February 2Q, 1992 and continuing through
February 25. 1992, on the following issues:
1. Whether the mining operations violated the Pennsylvania
Moncoal Surface Mining Conservation and Reclamation Act.
2. Whether Robert ~1. ;.Iumma II is liable to Elco for damages
existing
authority
resulting from self-dealing.
3. Whether Richard B.
\Hcke r sham.
Esq.
Inc.
a proper party
should
have been
disqualified as counsel for Lebanon Rock,
4. Whether Lebanon Rock, Inc. was
cases Nos. 4678 and 4722.
5. The proposed sale of Lebanon Rock. Inc.
6. Whether or not Lebanon Rock Inc. is entitled to counsel
to equity
fees.
The parties shall submit to the Court on or before February
14, 1992 memorandums of law settin.~ forth the factual data which
they believe supports their position. (with reference to existing
transcripts and page references) and appropriate legal authority
for their position. These memorandums shall include suggested
specific findings of fact and conclusions of law.
Herbert A. Schaffn r. Judge
1499
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IN RE: LITlGA TION INVOLVING -.,
ELCO CONCRETE PRODUCTS, INC.,
LEBANON ROCK. INC.,
ROBERT M. MUMMA. II.
LISA M. MORGAN,
BARBARA McK, MUMMA,
THE ESTATE OF ROBERT M.
MUMMA. et al
R ,:,' . "/:: 0
.;".1.,,/ ,_I <_
(~~C; ~';'oi C'
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f'r '. ,- " '. !')'J
--' 1:\
.'
I lU ~M '90
tN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
DAUPH~~~OUNTY. PENNSYLVANIA
: ~-. ~ '. .~.
: i ......".1 f"\
NO, 4678 EQUITY
NO. 4722 EQUITY
NO. 3210 S 1988
NO. 4744 EQUITY
ORDER
These cases have involved two corporations, Lebanon Rock,
Inc. and Elco Concrete Products, Inc. exercising mining activities
in a quarry in Lebanon County, the real property encompassing
the quarry site, titled in the name of Lebanon Rock, Inc. The
mining activities of these two corporations have been in existence
since early 1986 and have basically and generally involved Elco
personnel mining the mineral dolomite in the quarry and Lebanon
Rock personnel mining high calcium limestone which, generally,
underlay the dolomite.
While there has been deep disagreement
between the parties as to their rights in the quarry, the basic
premise, that Elco was entitled to dolomite, the removal of which
would expose high calcium limestone to Lebanon Rock's own quarrying
efforts, is very clp.ar when all of the evidence presented in these
cases relative to the formation of Lebanon Rock and both
corporations initial involvement in the quarry site, is concerned.
The Court has in prior decisions found that the joint use
by both corporations of the quarry is appropriate and has provided
for the establishment of a receiver to manage the efforts of both
corporations in the quarry.
1500
The Court's decisions have been
RECE.IVED SEP 1 1 lSSG
appealed and- those matters have not yet been determined, finally.
Now, in the last six weeks, a new problem has presented itself
and the parties have, once again, come to the Court for relief.
The new problem involves the exhaustion of the dolomite
reserves from the original area planned for quarrying and the
potential elimination, through sale of products, of the dolomite
stores accumulated by Elco. Elco desires, therefore, to mine
dolomite in other areas of the quarry, to pay Lebanon Rock a fair
price for the product it takes, and to assume responsibility for
necessary reclamation of any areas thus disturbed by the mining
process. Elco suggests that this would be a temporary method
of its operation in the quarry, pending a resolution of the matters
now on appeal. Lebanon Rock objects to the continued presence.
in this fashion, of Elco in the quarry site and suggests.
alternatively, that it mine the dolomite and furnish it to Elco
at terms reasonable and fair to Elco.
The parties brought these concerns to the Court, initially.
by Lebanon Rock filing on June 6, 1990 a petition basically seeking
to have Barbara ricK. Mumma found in contempt of court as a result
of a letter that she had written alleging that an agreement had
been made between Lebanon Rock and Elco for the quarrying, by
the latter, of dolomite. An answer was filed to the petition
for contempt and the Court issued orders on June 18, 1990 and
July II, 1990 relative to the petition for contempt filed and
the answer filed thereto. Counsel for the parties indicated to
the Court, subsequent to the July 11, 1990 order, that further
1501
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"
relief was necessary and the Court met with counsel for the parties
on July 24, 1990. As a result of that conference, the Court issued
an order directing the parties to submit plans for the operation
of the quarry to the Court by August 15, 1990, which plans would
involve Elco receiving dolomite from the quarry site.
Further,
if agreement had not been reached, the Court was to hear evidence
and argument on the contending positions September 4, 1990. The
Court, we note, takes the position that, although these matters
are on appeal, Rule of Appellate Procedure l70l(b)(1) permits
us to continue to deal with the matter as may be necessary to
preserve the status quo while the appeals are pending.
Counsel duly submitted to us on August 15, 1990 their
contending plans, agreement was not reached and we received
evidence and heard oral argument during a four hour hearing on
September 4, 1990.
We are persuaded that Elco's proposal is more reasonable,
as an interim operating method, under all of the circumstances
of this case.
Mrs. Mumma, it must be pointed out, is a Vice
President of Lebanon Rock, and a Co-Executor of her husband's
estate, which estate owns 50% of the stock of Lebanon Rock. Thus,
while she surely speaks for Elco, she has a very significant
interest in Lebanon Rock as well and, thus, has a broad interest
in the use of this quarry site.
Historically, as well, Elco
employees have quarried in the quarry, have removed the dolomi te
product, have taken it to their own crushing facilities, and have
marketed the product.
It seems reasonable to not disturb this
part of the operation, which the evidence establishes has worked
15Q~ _
reasonably we.ll, in place of a system where the dolomite product
would be quarried and crushed by Lebanon Rock and left to Elco
employees to move it from Lebanon Rock's stockpile, transport
it to their own stockpile, and then sell it. We will, accordingly,
adopt as a part of this order, the proposal submitted by Elco
attached hereto as Exhibit "A" and incorporate it in this order.
It is anticipated that further access to the Court may be
required, pursuant to the present order, relative to price change,
DER requirements or other factors that may be generated by changing
economic conditions.
The par ties ma y, as they have in the past,
petition the Court for appropriate consideration and relief.
BY THE COURT:
J79{J
dge
Distribution:
Richard B. Wickersham, Esq., P.O. Box 1286, Harrisburg, PA
17108
Ronald M. Katzman, Esq., P.O. Box 1268, Harrisburg, PA 17101
Jon A. Baughman, Esq., Pepper, Hamilton & Scheetz, 3000
Logan Square, 18th and Arch Streets, Philadelphia, PA
19103-2799
John W. Carroll, Esq., John A. Witherow, Jr., Esq.,
P.O. Box 1181, Harrisburg, PA 17108-1181
:1503
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EXHIBIT "A"
1. Elco. will quarry dolomite in the Southwest Section of
the quarry in accordance with the plan drawn by Akens Engineering
Company dated May 21, 1990;
2. Elco will perform all work with respect to the quarrying,
which will be done with its own equipment and its own men;
3. Elco will crush the dolomite through its own crusher;
4. Elco will use the dolomite in its business operations
as heretofore;
5. Elco will pay a royalty to LRI in the amount of $.40
per ton;
6. The royalty will be calculated based upon the weight
of the product, as determined on the platform scales which have
been used by Elco and LRI since December 1985, at the time the
product is either used by Elco, sold or otherwise transferred
by it:
7. The royalty would be paid on the 10th of each month
following the month of business activity:
8. The royalty payment would be deposited directly into
the existing LRI account:
9. All reclamation requirements and expense incident to
the quarrying of dolomite in the Southwest Section will be the
responsibility of Elco, and will be guaranteed by Elco. Elco,
shall, upon receipt of this order, initiate contact with the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, its Department of Environmental
Resources, to determine the manner in which Elco shall comply
1.50.1
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,- ,.. ..
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with the Commonwealth's laws relative to reclamation assurances.
This Court will direct, if necessary, that LRI cooperate with
Elco in any submissions to the Commonwealth to the end that the
application be made by the appropriate current permitee, with,
however, Elco assuming full financial responsibility for performing
and providing the appropriate assurances.
1505
"
L.....W Ol'"YICE5
1LDBERG. KATZMAN & SHIPMAN, P.e.
:)20E MARKET ST:flEET
STRA"';'ERRY SQU.b.RE
P. O. BOX lli!6rl
HA}lRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 1710a.12G8
JAr.!
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IN RE:
ESTATE OF
ROBERT M. MUMMA,
Late of Cumberland
County, pennsylvania
IN THE COURT OF COMMON
PLEAS OF CUMBERLAND
COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
No. 21-86-398
:
ORPHANS' COURT DIVISION
POST-TRIAL BRIEF
Post-Trial Arqument
Unfortunately, the Hearing before this Court on
January 17, 1992, as with a number of hearings in several courts
regarding the various disputes between these parties, tended to
some extent to get into wide-ranging matters of controversy
between the parties. However, the issue before this Court is a
very narrow one and one to which
we submit -- the answer is
quite clear. The question is as to whether, in the
representation of the Estate with regard to its ownership of 50%
of the stock of Lebanon Rock and one of the two positions on the
Board of Directors of that Company, the Executrices are "in a
position of conflicting interest or in any situation where
[their] functioning as a fiduciary for a temporary period may not
be in the best interests of the Estate." A very specific
situation has been pointed out to this Court where, it is
submitted, there is a definite conflicting interest and a very
specific situation where the best interests of the Estate would
be served by having an objective individual determine what really
is in the best interests of the Estate. As can be seen from the
1506
>
evidence submitted to this Court, there is presently a very
important matter before the shareholders of Lebanon Rock, namely
whether Lebanon Rock should engage in the mining and sale of
dolomite or roadstone to outside third parties, pending a final
decision by Judge Schaffner on whether Elco, itself, is legally
entitled to mine roadstone from Lebanon Rock at a cost of 40
cents per ton. Judge Schaffner has already stated that, although
sales to third parties might be profitable, it is an action which
he is powerless to permit so long as there is a deadlock between
the two shareholders on this important point. The executrices,
in turn, refuse to eliminate this deadlock for fear that their
own personal financial interests in Elco will be jeopardized
thereby.
There is a further important matter regarding Lebanon
Rock as to which an objective point of view is required by the
Estate. Sometime this year, Judge Schaffner will reach final
decisions on the various disputes which are pending. If, even
after these disputes have been resolved, there is a deadlock
between the two shareholders, then it is likely that Judge
Schaffner will order a dissolution of Lebanon Rock. (Counsel for
the Executrices would argue that Judge Schaffner can simply
appoint a custodian. However, it is clear that, at best, this
would only be a temporary solution and that a custodian would not
be permitted to make major decisions as to the future of Lebanon
-2-
1~7
. .
Rock. Ultimately, Lebanon Rock will have to be dissolved if a
deadlock continues.) The question is whether it is in the best
interests of the Estate to force a dissolution of Lebanon Rock.
There can be no doubt but that the Executrices have a
conflict with regard to these specific situations. Because of
their individual stock interests in Elco, as well as their
interests as salaried employees and officers thereof, they
personally benefit to a greater extent from the generation of
income by Elco as opposed to Lebanon Rock.
The executrices have a definite bias which is not
economically sound as to what the future of Lebanon Rock should
be. The Court will recall that Mrs. Mumma testified that she
believes that Lebanon Rock should simply be in the real estate
business. Furthermore, it is clear that the Executrices believe
that any entry into the dolomite business by Lebanon Rock would
be competitively detrimental to Elco. This would not be the
case. Mr. Mumma has testified as to plans for the non-local sale
of dolomite, which is not being exploited at all by Elco. Thus,
Elco will not be harmed competitively.
The Executrices themselves concede that they must
balance the interests of the Estate in both Elco and Lebanon
Rock. There is no doubt but that it is proper for an objective
individual, deciding as to what is best for the Estate, to take
both of these interests into account. The fallacy in the
-3-
1508
argument of the Executrices is that, although they profess to be
objective, because of their conflict, they are not in a position
to do this balancing. They have heavy personal interests at
stake and their actions heretofore clearly show that they intend
to protect those interests of the estate. They have already,
unequivocally, taken a position on the issue that the interests
of Lebanon Rock should give way to the interests of Elco.
However, if an objective individual is appointed as temporary
fiduciary, such individual will take into account the respective
interests of the Estate in Elco and Lebanon Rock and not his or
her own individual interests. Also, an objective individual will
take into account whether Lebanon Rock very profitably can engage
in the sale of dolomite while at the same time not hinder the
operations of Elco. It must be remembered that for Lebanon Rock
to engage in the sale of dolomite does not mean that it would not
sell dolomite to Elco for use in its ready mix and building block
operations. Furthermore, Elco already has under contract of sale
another quarry in Lebanon County from which it can carryon
dolomite operations if it so chooses. Finally, as stated above,
Lebanon Rock dolomite will be sold non-locally. This will be
faciliated by the easy access from Lebanon Rock to rail lines
that reach points allover the East Coast. An objective
individual will taken into account that such sales will enhance
the profitability of Lebanon Rock, which is in the best interests
-4-
1509
of the beneficiaries of the estate without interfering with the
local dolomite market in which Elco is profitably doing business.
The question before this Court is not whether Mr. Mumma
is correct that it would be profitable and a good idea for
Lebanon Rock to engage in the mining and sale of dolomite. The
issue before this Court is whether the Executrices have any
"conflicting interest" such that someone else should determine
whether -- with regard to these limited matters -- such activity
would be in the best interests of Lebanon Rock and of the Estate.
On this key issue of whether a conflict exists, the
Executrices have not come forward with any sound argument or
evidence. All they have put forward is a simple disclaimer by
them that there is a conflict. Viewing the matter objectively,
there can be no doubt but that a conflict actually exists. For
every dollar of profit that Lebanon Rock makes in the sale of
dolomite, the estate receives 50% thereof. Correspondingly, for
every dollar of profit that Elco generates from such a sale, the
estate now only receives 21.6% of the profit, and this percentage
will only decrease as Mrs. Mumma continues to personally withdraw
stock from the Estate. Given the fact that the estate's
financial interest in Lebanon Rock is twice as large as its
interest in Elco, why would the Executrices place the interests
of Eleo ahead of the interests of Lebanon Rock? The answer to
this question is simple. For every dollar of profit that Lebanon
-5-
1510
Rock makes, the Executrices receive nothing, however, for every
dollar of profit that Elco generates, the Executrices, together,
personally receive more than 28%. Thus, the Executrices have
placed Elco's interest over Lebanon Rock not because it is in the
estate's best interests to do so, but because it is in their own
best interest.
All of the arguments asserted by the Executrices in
their own defense simply fall wide of the mark and are not
addressed to relevant points. First, the Executrices come
forward with baseless, vicious, ad hominem attacks on Mr. Mumma
and the way in which he is running Lebanon Rock, all of which
arguments we vigorously deny. They also argue that Elco legally
has rights to the dolomite which are being wrongfully opposed by
Mr. Mumma on behalf of Lebanon Rock. The short answer to these
arguments is that Judge Schaffner will decide whether Mr. Mumma's
actions are appropriate and will also decide the legal issues as
to what rights, if any, Elco has to the dolomite. More
importantly, because we are not seeking to have Mr. Mumma assume
control over Lebanon Rock, but are, instead, requesting the
appointment of an independent, objective fiduciary, Mr. Mumma's
alleged conduct is not an issue herein.
Secondly, the Executrices argue that, if Judge Schaffner
appoints a custodian over Lebanon Rock, then there would be no
need for a temporary fiduciary to decide upon the Estate's
-6-
~51~
position with regard to the running of Lebanon Rock. This
argument places the cart before the horse. We have asked Judge
Schaffner to delay his consideration of whether to appoint a
custodian due to a deadlock between the shareholders pending this
Court's decision as to whether to appoint a temporary fiduciary.
If such a fiduciary is appointed, there will be no deadlock and
no need for a custodian for Lebanon Rock. Furthermore, even if a
custodian were appointed to manage Lebanon Rock, there would
still be a need for the shareholders to decide whether Lebanon
Rock should be in the dolomite business. If, as suggested by
Judge Schaffner, this is a major decision for Lebanon Rock as a
corporation to make, then a custodian -- whose duty it would be
to maintain the status quo -- would not be able to proceed with
such a new business without shareholder approval. Hence, the
need for the temporary fiduciary would still be critical.
With regard to the custodianship issue, we need to
correct erroneous statements made by counsel for the Executrices
at the Hearing on January 17. Counsel argued that, when the
Superior Court reversed Judge Schaffner's appointment of a
receiver, the Superior Court simply told Judge Schaffner that he
should have appointed a custodian. Thus, counsel implied that it
is a foregone conclusion that a custodian of Lebanon Rock will be
appointed. As this Court can see from the Adjudication and from
the Superior Court opinion, Judge Schaffner appointed a receiver
-7-
1512
over both Elco and Lebanon Rock. He never made any determination
that Lebanon Rock itself needed to have either a receiver or a
custodian. Furthermore, the Superior Court intimated strongly
that, if a deadlock should persist, dissolution would quite
probably be the ultimate remedy which would need to be effected.
The Executrices argue that, if this Court should appoint
a temporary fiduciary and if that fiduciary should vote against
Lebanon Rock going into the dolomite business, then a deadlock
would remain. However, Mr. Mumma has testified before this Court
that, should an independent fiduciary be appointed, he would
abide by the views expressed by that fiduciary. In any event,
should there be disagreements between Mr. Mumma and the
substitute fiduciary -- a situation which must always be
anticipated since fair minds will differ on some subjects -- the
important point is that the beneficiaries will have been
protected because the individual making decisions on behalf of
the Estate will not be affected by a conflict of interest.
The Executrices argue that what is being requested is
tantamount to a request to remove them as Executrices. This is
simply not so. What is before the Court is a very narrow and
specific situation and one which is precisely addressed by the
statute in question, namely, a situation where, in these specific
circumstances, there is a conflicting interest and the
Executrices "functioning as a fiduciary for a temporary period
-8-
1513
may not be in the best interests of the Estate." Note that the
statute uses the words "may not be." The Court need not find any
intentional wrongdoing on the part of the Executrices in order to
grant relief here. All that is necessary is to find even an
appearance of impropriety or the appearance of a conflict.
Certainly, the evidence is overwhelming to the effect that a
clear and actual conflict here exists. There can be no harm to
the Estate by appointing a temporary fiduciary in this situation.
On the other hand, there is a real and present danger that
significant harm will come to this particular asset of the Estate
should a temporary fiduciary not be appointed.
The Executrices have argued that the statute in question
is intended to operate only in situations where a fiduciary is
temporarily out of the country or is otherwise indisposed. The
fallacy of this argument, however, is apparent from the face of
the statute itself. The statute specifically enumerates that, in
addition to those limited situations in which the Executrices
would have the statute operate, it is also operative whenever a
fiduciary is "in a position of conflicting interest or in any
situation where his functioning as a fiduciary for a temporary
period may not be in the best interests of the estate." Since it
is hornbook law that each and every word of a statute must be
given legal effect, it necessarily follows that the legislature
fully intended for the statute to apply in situations such as
-9-
1514
this where the Executrices are laboring under a conflict of
interest.
The Executrices have further argued that,
notwithstanding the fact that the statute in question is separate
and distinct from the removal statute in the Probate Code,
nevertheless, the common law standards for removal must apply in
the present instance. Again, the statute itself clearly
indicates otherwise. The statute in question was enacted in
1974, long after the removal statute had been enacted and long
after the common law principles relating to removal had been
formulated. If the legislature had intended that common law
principles were to be applicable to situations involving conflict
of interests, there would have been no need for the statute in
question since this result would have necessarily been the effect
of Pennsylvania law prior to 1974. By enacting the statute in
question, the legislature manifested a clear intention to change
the governing common law and to formulate an expedited procedure
for transferring fiduciary responsibility when a conflict of
interest arises. Grounds for removal are not relevant herein
since the Executrices are not being removed from administering
the decedent's estate, they are only temporarily replaced as to
one of its assets. As soon as the Executrices see fit to
disgorge their individual financial interests that created the
-10-
1515
conflict in the first place, they can again assume their
fiduciary duties.
Finally, the Executrices have argued that it would be
improper to appoint a temporary fiduciary in this matter since
the conflict herein was allegedly known to Mr. Mumma Sr. and
condoned by him. This argument, however, is specious for a
myriad of reasons. First, Mr. Mumma wrote his will prior to the
time that he bought Lebanon Rock and, therefore, his will could
not have possibly contemplated the existence of such a conflict.
Secondly, the nature of the conflict herein is such that it could
not have been waived by Mr. Mumma even if he had known of it.
This fact has been specifically acknowledged by the Pennsylvania
Superior Court in its opinion dealing with the issues raised in
the Dauphin County litigation.1
Finally, it was the
Executrices, not the decedent, who created the conflict herein.
It was the Executrices who implemented their scheme to personally
divert family stock to their own uses via Mrs. Mumma's withdrawal
power, and it was the Executrices who blocked Lebanon Rock's
attempt to market dolomite to outside parties. In so doing, the
Executrices, not the decedent, bear responsibility for the
conflict herein.
1. Attached hereto as Exhibit "A" is a true and correct copy of
the Superior Court's opinion. Please note pages 10 and 11.
-11-
1_516
.'
The Executrices, as a last resort, have also undertaken
to assert the doctrine of laches by claiming that Mr, Robert
Mumma, II inordinately delayed the filing of the present action
until well after the onset of the Dauphin County litigation. In
point of fact, it was only after the Executrices filed their
accountings last summer that their stock diversion plan became
apparent, and it was only in the fall of last year that the
Executrices first attempted to block Lebanon Rock's sale of
dolomite to third parties. These actions by the Executrices
precipitated the filing of our instant action, and it is these
actions that necessitated the relief that we seek.
Submission of Additional Materials
At the Hearing on January 17, the Court received two
exhibits sUbject to the submission of additional documentation.
First, Exhibit P-9, charts concerning dividends paid by Nine
Ninety Nine, Inc., was received subject to the submission of
testimony from the proceedings in Dauphin County further
clarifying the percentage of 8% preferred stock owned by the
Executrices during the relevant period. Attached hereto as
Exhibit "B" are the pages constituting the testimony of
Mrs. Mumma and Mrs. Morgan on this subject. It will be seen that
this testimony further confirms the accuracy of the charts and
the point which is being made. In particular, it should be noted
-12-
1517
. "
that both of the Executrices admitted that 100% of the dividends
paid to the Estate were, quite properly, paid to Mrs. Mumma as
the life tenant. It will be seen from the testimony beginning
with redirect of Mrs. Morgan at page 131 that, during the
luncheon recess, she called Mr. Hadley in Buffalo and ascertained
that Mrs. Mumma did not buy the shares of Mrs. McClure (Babs)
until after the 1988 dividends on the 8% preferred had been paid.
Therefore, Mrs. McClure received those dividends directly.
Mrs. Mumma bought all of the shares of Mrs. Roth (Linda) prior to
the time the 1988 dividends were paid, such that Mrs. Mumma
received the dividends on the shares formerly owned by Mrs. Roth.
Of course, Mrs. Morgan pointed out that Mrs. Mumma paid more for
those shares to the extent that there were dividends from
previous years not paid.
The testimony has been that this 8% preferred stock was
stock owned by the three daughters. If we adjust the 1988 column
on the chart of numbered page 4 of P-9 to take into account that
Mrs. McClure received one-third of the 8% preferred dividends, we
subtract $47,040 from the $256,332 listed as the total received
by Mesdames Mumma and Morgan in 1988 for a new total of $209,292.
The new percentage of the total payout representing that which
Mesdames Mumma and Morgan received in 1988 is 76.7%. Carrying
this adjustment through, the new percentage of all of the
dividends paid to Nine Ninety Nine's shareholders over the last
-13-
1518
. " '<
three years which were paid to Mesdames Mumma and Morgan is 69.1%
rather than the 73.93% set forth in the exhibit.
As can be seen, this adjustment is minimal, and the
point for which this chart was introduced still stands out very
clearly, namely, that the Executrices, even in a normal year with
no back payment of dividends, received in their individual
capacities -- well over 50% of all of the income generated by
Nine Ninety Nine. Also, notwithstanding that Elco is a
subsidiary several levels down, every dollar of income generated
by Elco is a dollar of income available for distribution to the
shareholders of Nine Ninety Nine. On the other hand, Mrs. Mumma,
as the life beneficiary on the 50% of Lebanon Rock stock, is
entitled only to 50% of the dividends generated by Lebanon Rock.
The other exhibit which was received subject to the
submission of further documentation was the partial testimony by
Mr. Boswell on December 12, 1991, in Dauphin County. Attached
hereto as Exhibit "C" is his complete testimony, together with
his deposition testimony, which was also received in evidence by
Judge Schaffner. The Court will see that Mr. Boswell's direct
testimony confirms what Mrs. Morgan was asked about during cross-
examination before this Court on January 17, 1992, namely that
Lebanon Rock was purchased in order to put Robert M. Mumma, II
into the aggregate business, and Robert M. Mumma, Sr.
contemplated selling Elco to his son. Furthermore, at the time
-14-
1519
l' .~
of his death, he was seriously considering the execution of a
shareholders agreement which would have provided that, upon his
death, Robert M. Mumma, II would have had the right to buyout
the Estate's shares in Lebanon Rock. Furthermore, this testimony
confirms that there clearly was no legal agreement between
Lebanon Rock and Elco as to any arrangement which would come into
effect regarding the long-term mining of dolomite at the quarry.
(In this regard, see particularly pages 26-29 of Mr. Boswell's
deposition.) This, of course, confirms the finding of Judge
Schaffner, which was noted by the Superior court, that there was
no such legal agreement. In any event, as will be seen from the
argument set forth below, this is not an issue which is presently
before this Court.
-15-
1520
" ~..
CONCLUSION
WHEREFORE, we respectfully that this Honorable Court
appoint a temporary fiduciary with regard to the administration
of the estate's interest in Lebanon Rock.
Respectfully submitted,
~ E,~'K
Charles E. Shields, III, Esquire
Commonwealth National Bank Building
2 West Main Street
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
william C. costopoulos, Esquire
831 Market Street
Lemoyne, PA 17043
Jon A. Baughman, Esquire
Pepper, Hamilton & Scheetz
3000 Two Logan Square
Eighteenth and Arch Streets
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2799
DATE: January 24, 1992
-16-
1521
"
~
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I, Charles E. Shield,
ItI,
certify that a copy of the
attached POST TRIAL BRIEF and letter to Judge Sheely was served
by first class mail on January 24, 1992 upon the following:
Richard W. Stevenson, Esquire
McNees, Wallace & Nurick
P.O. Box 1166
Harrisburg, PA 1710B-1166, for
Barbara M. McClure
129 S. Lewisberry Road
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Thomas M. Kittredge, Esquire
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
2000 One Logan square
Philadelphia, PA 19103-6993, for
Barbara McK. Mumma and
Lisa M. Morgan
John Hardin Young, Esquire
Porter, Wright, Morris & Arthur
1233 20th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036-2395, for
Linda M. Roth
5104 Wessling Lane
Bethesda, MD 20814
william F. Martson, Esquire
Martson, Deardorff, Williams & otto
10 East High Street
carlisle, PA 17013, for
Barbara McK. Mumma and
Lisa M. Morgan
Attorney General
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Strawberry Square
Harrisburg, PA 17120
(Courtesy Copy)
Robert M. Frey, Esquire
5 South Hanover Street
Carlisle, PA 17013
Ronald M. Katzman
Goldberg, Katzman & Shipman, P.C.
320E Market Street
Strawberry Square
P.O. Box 1268
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1268
Cfu>>~./J E. xl1.d~ -:m:-
Charles E. Shlelds, III
HSBOO5/Sarah/certificate of service
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