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HomeMy WebLinkAbout88-0264 PETITION FOR PROBATE and GRANT OF LETTERS Estate of��/ �7 �!/�c� �^ !/ ��fY n�11Yb! �� —O O "'�C� � also known as To: Register of Wills for the Dec se . County of CUMBERLAND in the Social Security No. ^ Commonwealth of Pennsylvania The petition of the undersigned respectfully represents that: Your petitioner(s), who is/are 18 years of age or older an the execut � � ( ��L� named in the last wil}of the above d edent, d , 19 and codicil(s) dated ^ (state relevant circumstances, e.g. renunciation, death of executor, etc.) Decedent w�as domicited at death in County, Pe sylvan' , with t�(�_last family o princi al reside e�at' �� � /z!�// ' (list st et,number,Twp. or Boro. , Dece e t, t n p year of ag , d�ed v � � , 19_�r/�, at , Except as 1 ws, d edent did not marry,w not divorced and did not have a child born or adopted after execut of the will offered for probate; as not the victim of a killing and was never adjudicated incompetent: Decedent at death owned property with estimated values as follows: �^� ,�^► (If domiciled in Pa.) All personal property $ �� � � ��i�� (If not domiciled in Pa.) Personal property in Pennsylvania $ (If not domiciled in Pa.) Personal property in County $ Value of real estate in Pennsylv�niaQ $ situated as follows: l�L WHEREFORE, petitioner(s) respectfully request�s�STA1�IENTARY the last will and codicil(s) presented herewith and the grant of letters (testamentary; administration c.t.a.; administration d.b.n.c.t.a.) theron. � � �[ J '/�� i y 4 a � .-o.o �� � � � 70 � C 00 �%I OATH OF PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND Ss The petitioner(s) above-named swear(s) or affirm(s) that the statements in the foregoing petition are true and correct to the best of the knowledge and belief of petitioner(s) and that as personal represen- tative(s) of the above decedent petitioner(s) will w nd t ly administer the estate acco ' g to law. Swom to or affirmd d subscribed �� L�� before me this �1 S� da�8 f A� 19�_ � 0 . AR C. LE Register ` ,� � �.� - �b -- � � � �7 - � 7 j� � . ..��;: NO. 21 - 88 - 264 Estate of HARVEY o. GARMAN , Deceased DECREE OF PROBATE AND GRANT OF LETTERS AND NOW APRIL 6 , 198 8 , in consideration of the petition on the reverse side hereof, satisfactory proof having been presented before me, IT IS DECREED that the instrument(s) dated APRI L 18 , 19 5 5 described therein be admitted to probate and filed of record as the last will of HARVEY O. GAFtMAN ; and Letters TESTAMENTARY are hereby granted to JEANNE A. GARMAN � �� � wzLL soox #106 `'�� ,,,, �` �,.�� PAGE 835 ETC. � Register of Wi{� � MARY C. LEWI5 FEES Probate, Letters, Etc. . . . . . . . . . $ 10. 0 0 Short Certificates( 1� , . . , . , . , , . $ 2. 0 0 ATTORNEY(Sup. Ct. I.D. No.) Renunciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ X-Pages $ 2 . 00 ADDRESS TOTAL $ 14. 00 Filed . . . APRIL. 6 r. .1988. . . . . . . . . . . . . YHONE ti_, �; _ - ���_. � " � • �; Mailed letters to Executrix on 4-6-88 . . -;'.� , ,� � ,�: �„� „ ����:�� :��, ,�.��� �.. I�^JAf�h�ll�!G: It is ilie,yal r.o a°.ter this copy or to duplicate by photostat or photograph. N0. 3 � � �� � � . - - �� _ _ ���. �� �.� ����, _ ��, -��-��:�, � ��a�� , - ��� ,�.rr>2��.�✓�. G�� l��G��� _. - � .�c�� _ /G3-id- /1�.3 �-t//f`'ic.,�_ . 7 o?�F-.'5�.,�� _ . �,�z-,L,c�,, - . _ �G%2�-e.�.�_ ._ � : ,:a��/_ /C /yC S� -' ,�� :..�3 �'�� _�6_�_ . .: ' _ . .. _ , �: . , ;r �. � � �, : , , . . � ���� ` , ; � y . _ ,. � ' ��� __ _ � �. , GGh.�2c-�'�-���Ga-�a�-�c�u-ar�,c.a.� �_ _ ' _ ____ , .�-rLo.-c G�l,rc�-4svL.� _ _ . � Ai� ..��t-uLc'�' �U�,E�r.L�--- . ��g� . ��� . ��G j �%� . ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.._ �- •�`� �,���Ep�iN OF pf�;y: x1 13'l. . �GZ���d.�1�i'� . �l• ��� ,,�'o� ,r` _ � � , % �t� o � � 2a�.G(G�' 1�l�/�r�,C�G�.�in. � _� ��.�� •.'�./ � � ;`'' . a= ;* > , � � ;O . .. , � *A �' - . ''�991'MENT OE ��''?a /d . %Z � f'� " ,,,,,,,,�� �D' /1 •_ �� f ` LAST �'v'ILI, AND TFSTAiu1ET�1T of HARUEY 0. GAR;v1AN I, HARZTEY 0. GI�.P���iV,, a resident of the Cit,y of Harris- b�mg� County of Dauphin, a�nd State of Permsylvania, being of sound mind and r�mory do make� p�iblish and declare this my Last Will and Testament, hereb,y revoking any and all vrills by me at any time heretofore made, thi�.s disposinp, of m�T entire estate. I`CEPd I. I give, devise and bequeath all my estate, rea1� personal or m�ed, tiahich I ma.y rnm or hav� a right to dispose of at the time of rr�y deatn, unto my wife, Jeanne A. Garman, as her �roperty absolutel.y. ITEl'd II. Tn the event my wife, Jeanne A. Garman, shall predecease me, I give, devise and bequeath all the rest, ' residue and rsmainder of i�y estate, real, r�ersonal or mixed, .^rhich I may cY!Rn or have a ri�ht to dispose of at the ti� of rqy death� unto �y daughter� Vivi�n ?:t. Garrnan� and to any other children that I may have livin� at the time of my death, in equal shaxes. ITETg III. In the event my wife shall pred.ecease me and in the further e�;ent that I shall leave no child?-�en surs�_ving, I �ive� devise and. beaueath all o�' �y estate, real� personal or mixed, to the Church of the La.c�,y of Tne Blessed Sacrament, Thir.d �� and �doodbine Streets, Harrisburg� Pennsylvania, er to st?ch officers of the Church as may be dul�r authori�ed to receive such bequests. � � ���f��; -1- � �` ��-�. ��.�_: . "`^�-_ . � • ITEnF IU. I nominate, constitute and appoint r�y wife, Jeanne A. Garman, as F�ecutrix of this �y La.st Vdill and Testament. Insofar as the same may be omitted by� law, I c3irect that rr�y Executrix shall not be required to post any bond for the purpose of acLministering r.�,y estate. 'J�,r Executrix shall have full power, in her discretion, to do any and al1 things necessar�r for the com- plete administration of m.y estate, including the power. to sell, at public or private sale and without Order of Cotzx�t, any r.eal or personal propert;,r belonging to my est,ate� and to compotmd, com.- promise or other�rise settle or adjust any and all claims, charges, debts, and demands whatsoev�r, against or in .favor o_f m,y estate, as fully as I could do if. living. IN �tTITbTFSS �d�iERFOr^, I have hereunto set my han3 and seal to this m� Last r�Till and Testament, which consists of two (2) pages� to each. of which I have affixed my si�mature this /�`� day of � , 1955. ���^^-Za^-t� (SEAL) Harve �. C�arman S�ned, sealed, published and declared by Harvey 0. Garman, the above nar_r�d testator� as and for his Last �'iill and Testament, in the presence of us, who at his request, in his presence, and in the nresence o.f each other, all beir� present at tne same time� have hereunto subscribed rnir n�nes as witnesses. � � . �{� residing at C�Y.�.,� �� . ._.,,_ residing at � _ �� �G� ...;:1..4��� 21 — 88 — 264 REGISTER OF WILLS OF COUNTY OATH OF SUBSCRIBING WITNESS , ;_ , codicil (each) a subscribing witness to the will presented herewith, (each) being duly c�ualified according to law, depose(s) and say(s) that present and saw , the testat , sign the same and that signed as a witness at the request of testat in h_ presence and (in the presence of each other) (in the presence of the other subscribing witness(es)). Sworn to or affirmed and subscribed before _ me this day of (Name) 19 _ _s (Address) Register (Name) - (Address) =:,, ___. L.':-�� .-_. .....-._- L.:-.__.. . .._ . � RE�'ISTER OF WILLS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY OATH OF NON-SUBSCRIBING WITNESS ����J�II7" C- � ,�1� ��/+` �� , (each),a subscriber hereto, (each) being duly qualified according to law, depose(s) and say(s) that- / � /!LI familiar with the signature of �.�� �J G'l9i+C/�9�7 `., � -�' testat� of (one of the subscribing witnesses to) the will presented herewith and � that � believes the signature on the will is in the handwriting of testat believes the signature of the will presented herewith and that _ codicil .�,[ �„ /� believes the signature on the will is in the handwriting of /������ � C�+��'1.%1�Y` to the best of knowledge and belief. Sworn to or affirmed and subscribed before � � " me this ��� day of (Name) C �j�L� �.� �}�r ��� i9� ,� S�r. � ��,��ff � - ! ?�:,S �' (AddressJ M Y L ELa I S � Register (Name) (Address) ,.��.�'�� 21 — 88 — 264 REGISTER OF WILLS OF COUNTY OATH OF SUBSCRIBING WITNESS , codicil (each) a subscribing witness to tl�e will presented herewith, (each) being duly qualified according to law, depose(s) and say(s) that present and saw _ , the testat , sign the same and that_ signed as a witness at the request of testat in tL_presence and (in the presence of each other) (in the presence of the other subscribing witness(es)). Sworn to or affirmed and subscribed before me this day of (Name) 19 (Address) ^ Register (Name) y_ _ (Address) � �� _ c,- - �=F`� a; -;_ REGISTER OF WILLS OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY OATH OF NON-SUBSCRIBING WITNESS �/ l/ �` .rr� /� , ��/�/1//L���i/ , (each),a subscriber hereto, (each) being duly qualified according to law, depose(s) and say(s) that c� �ur� familiar with the signature of L�E����. ��w,�,_ . , testat �. of (one of the subscribing witnesses to) the will presented herewith and codicil that �� believe� the signature on the will is in the handwriting of testatQ�believes the signature of the will presented herewith and that _ coc�iefl ,/ p� believes the signature on the will is in the handwriting of J� . �=-�� �i . t�cL,_;u�,,—_ to the best of� knowledge and belief. Sworn to or affirmed and subscribed before �-1-�-� ��'�✓✓��v me this � � day of ���// ����%Na�) ���� /���A���ccrlo��..t�� - 1 y� Oj ��� ✓ ' � � (Address) �� /�a�}—��- MARY IZ. LEWIS Register (Name) (Address) ,.-s,;`.���5 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA '� COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND f �' being duly according to law, deposes and says that he _ of the Estate of lafie of —_____- ____________ _____._ , Cumberland County, Pa., deceased and that the within is an inventory made by __ _ the said of the en+ire estate of said decedent, consisting of all the personal proparty and real estate, except real estate outside the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and that the figures opposite each item of the Inventory represent it's fair value as of the date of decedent's death. and subscribed before me, �,C� � Co C � Ezec tor - Admi rafor 19 Addrass Date of Death _ Day Mon+h Ysar INSTRUCTIONS I. An inventory must be filed within three months after appointmen4 of personal representative. 2. A supplement inventory must be filed within thirty days of discovery of additional asse+s. 3. Additional sheets may be attached as to personalty or realty �. � -�� -T,� 4. $ee Article IV, Fiduciaries Ac+ of 1949. = _ ,; --- _ - - -- .� -v 1-�- W m N � � a � � 1 Q w � w � o+ �► (� F" F- � J LL d C � W LL J W � � � � �, i ) � Z � ,� Q j Z O � � o � Z ° Z w Q V r► a -o c �o I I � ` I � �I � � ( I J ' � � U ii m anventory of the real and personal estate of � G/ (1 ° U`"�''����eceased /�� �� `� � T^ � �l� S�� � 1,,'� i C ,� ��i �� � � � , � � � ���2 �i� an� � . �-�a,� ,��� �� � � � � ����� ��� . ! REv-i5oo Ex� (2-8�) FILE NUMBER ���' INHERITANCE TAX RETURN RESIDENT DECEDENT r`�� �� -a�`� COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA (TO BE FILED IN DUPLICATE �� rV� -I� DEPARTMENT Of REVENUE POST OFFICE BOX 8327 WITH REGISTER OF WILLS) HARRISBURG,PA 17105-8327 COUNTY CODE YEAR NUMBER � DECED NT'S NAME(LAST,FIRST,AND MIDDLE INITIAI) DECEDENT'S COMPLETE ADDRF.55 Z W ��f �i��' �/�iQ�/� -�j' l� �' L�-U�i2 <-v V SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER DATE OF D TH DATE OF BIRTH �����, ��/ /f� �7�` W � CJ � ' � - �,��� /��/0 �> >--?��2 co���y L � � 1. Original Return ❑ 2. Supplemental Return ❑ 3. Remainder Return Y�Y (for dates of death prior to 12-13-82) W au ❑ 4. Limited Estate ❑ 4a. Future Interest Compromise ❑ 5. Federal Estate Tax Vam (for dates of dea t h a f ter 1 2-1 2-8 2) Return Require d d ❑ 6. Decedent Died Testate ❑ 7. Decedent Maintained a Living Trust _8. Total Number of$afe Deposit Boxes � (Attach copy of Will) (Attach copy of Trust) All�C11tt�ESP�I�DEWC��lhl��C1E�FiC3ENTIA�.i`A�1�l�CtRMAT{QI�SFIi'?t�'t�I?�E CtIR�C'�Et�7fi: i y 7 NAME COMPLETE MAILING ADDRESS � � �� ��-� �- �"���.�� 9� � . ���-�..� �,� � � TELE HONE NUMBER � � �/� �,j 7- 7 �/7� �'/9��',�• �/ �/q i�a � 1. Real Estate (Schedule A) � 2. Stocks and Bonds (Schedule B) ( 2) � C�,�� �f 7�YGG�t�� �; 3. Closely Held Stock/Partnership Interest (Schedule C) ( 3) --r � �.� .� - ---� _- - '"�; 4. Mortgages and Notes Receivable (Schedule D) ( 4) - � - 5. Cash, Bank Deposits&Miscellaneous Personal Property( 5) ZO (Schedule E) Q 6. Jointly Owned Property ($chedule F) ( b) � 7. Transfers (Schedule G) ($chedule L) ( 7) -= d 8. Total Gross Assets (total lines 1-7) ( g) �(J�e� �c_.CIC Wa ;��`�.5�D U _ __ 9. Funeral Expenses, Administrative Costs, Miscellaneous ( 9) u � Expenses (Schedule H) 7 � 10. Debts, Mortgage Liabilifies, Liens (Schedule I) (10) /- /l 11. Total Deductions (total lines 9 & 10) (��) `�!�' �".�^` Q � 12. Net Value of Estate (line 8 minus line 11) (12) �_ __ 13. Charitable and Governmental Bequests (Schedule J) (13) 14. Net Value Subject to Tax (line 12 minus line 13) (�q) -�- 15. Amount of line 14 taxable aT 6°/a rate (15) X .06 = (Include values from $chedule K or Schedule M.) �� 16. Amount of line 14 taxable at 15°/a rate (16) x .15 = Z (Indude values from Schedule K or Schedule M.) 0 17. Principal tax due(Add tax from line 15 and from line 16.) (�7) _ �_ � � 18. Credits Prior Payments Discount Interest �-- � � + - (�8) ___ _ O 19. If line 18 is greater than line 17, enter The difference on line 19. This is ihe OVERPAYMENT. (19) �- X �� � 20. If line 17 is greater than line 18, enter the difference on line 20.•This•is the TAX DUE. (20) �_ A.Enter the interest on the balance due on line 20A. (20A) -� B. Enter the total of line 20 and 20A on line 20B. This is the BALANCE DUE. (20B) _ ___ Make Check Payable to: Register of Wills, Agent �►�8E SUF�E'�fl!i�kNS�llt��t A1.1'4�tJ�S�1�C+t�C3�1 1��V�����►1�E AN�!"C�? 1�$���C�C!V!/�ITH�wt�Mr Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have examined this return, including accompanying schedules and stotements, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, it is true, cp rrect and complete. I declare that all real estate has been reported at true market value. Declaration of preparer other than the personal representative is b e o %all information of which prep r has any knowledge. � IG'A RE OF PERSON RESPO LE F F G RETURN ADDRESS DATE/ P���� � , � � �� � � �-���� �-� ��-��'� d�'� SI ATURE OF P EPARER OTHER PRESENTATIVE AD ES DATE G���� ` �-{G - ._, - f . PLEASE ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS BY PLACING A CHECK MARK (✓) IN THE APPROPRIATE BLOCKS. YES NO 1 . Did decedent make a transfer and: a. retain the use or income of the property transferred, ....................................... �l b. retain the right to designate who shall use the property transferred or its income, c. retain a reversionary interest or .................................................................... d. receive the promise for life of either payments, benefits or care? ....................... 1` 2. If death occurred on or before December 12, 1982, did decedent within two years preceding death transfer property without receiving adequate consideration? If death occurred after December 12, 1982, did decedent transfer property within one year of death without receiving adequate consideration? ........ ..........•.• ............................ 3. Did decedent own an 'in trust for' bank account at his or her death?...................... � IF THE ANSWER TO ANY OF THE ABOVE QUESTIONS IS YES, YOU MUST COMPLETE SCHEDULE G AND FILE IT AS PART OF THE RETURN. REV-1503 EX+ (4-86) �.� �` SCHEDULE B COMMONWEALTH Of PENNSYLVANIA STOCKS AND BONDS INHERITANCE TAX RETURN RESIDENT DECEDENT ESTAYE OF FILE NUMBER ��,� � Q ' �,��. r''�� ! Z� (All property jointly-owned with Right of Survivorship must be disclosed on Schedule F.) ITEM VALUE AT DATE NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DEATH 1. � �� � � � ,� �� ��'C�_ ��� ��c,� 1/� �2��-� � �� � �� / �� � �f��- �d� � -��� � �� � ��� . ����- �'� . ���� TOTAL (Also enter on line 2, Recapi!ulation) $ (If more space is needed, insert additional sheets of same size.) �. , REV-1511 E%+(12-85� SCHEDULE H FUNERAL EXPENSES, COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AND IN RESI ENTED CEDENTRN MISCELLANEOUS EXPENSES Please Print or Type ESTATE OF , FILE NUMBER ���'�1� l � � �--��i'��rrr ITEM DESCRIPTION AMOUNT NUMBER A. Funeral Expenses: ,. �-G��:e.�c-� ��'�. �'�� � ,.�v ��� � C� G��� � /��.'.�, � / �d is � � B. Administrative Costs: 1. Personal Representative Commissions Social Security Number of Personal Representative: Year Commissions paid 2. Attorney Fees 3. Family Exemption Claimant Relationship Address of Claimant at decedent's death Street Address City State Zip Code 4. Probate Fees C. Miscellaneous Expenses: 1. TOTAL (Also enter on line 9, Recapitulation) S (If more space is needed, insert additional sheets of same size) � REV�1513:�+ ($�86� � �� SCHEDU�E J ��:;��:� COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA BE N E FI C IARI ES INHERITANCE TAX RETURN RESIDENT DECEDENT ESTATE OF FILE NUMBER ���' ��e D . � � ��,�,�s ITEM NAME AND ADDRESS OF BENEFICIARY RELATIONSHIP AMOUNT OR NUMBER SHARE OF ES7ATE A. Taxable Bequests: 1. �-- � � ��d �° � z�� � � e �� ���� �J�r`-� ITEM NAME AND ADDRESS OF BENEFIClARY AMOUNT OR NUMBER SHARE OF ESTATE B. Charitable and Governmental Bequests: 1. TOTAL CHARITABLE AND GOVERNMENTAL BEQUESTS (Also enter on line 13, Recapitulation) $ (If more space is needed, inserf odditional sl�eets of same size) REV-1547 EX (12-87) ,�� r COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSVLVANIA �•� � �� NUTICE OF INHERITANCE TAX DEPARTMENT oF ReveNue • �_.` APPRAISEMENT, ALLOWANCE OR DISALLOWANCE ACN 101 BUREAU OF INDIVIDUAL TAXES �.�"R;. i P.O. BOX esz� OF DEDUCTIONS, AND ASSESSMENT OF TAX � HARRISBl1RG, PA 17105-6327 DATE 05-16-88 ESTATE OF GARMAN HARVEY 0 FILE N0. 21 88-0264 DATE OF DEATH 10-10-83 COUNTY CUMBERLAND NOTE: TO INSURE PROPER CREDIT TO YOUR ACCOUNT, SUBMIT THE UPPER PORTION OF THIS NOTICE WITH YOUR TAX PAYMENT TO THE REGISTER OF W2LLS. MAKE CHECK PAYABLE TO "REGISTER OF WILLS, AGENT". REMIT PAYMENT TO: JEANNE A GARMAN REGISTER OF WILLS 96 W LAUER LN CUMBERLAND CO COURT HOUSE CAMP HILL PA 17011 CARLISLE, PA 17013 Amount Remitted CUT ALONG THIS LINE _ _ _ � RETAIN_LOWER PORTION_FOR YOUR RECORDS ` - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - REV-1547 EX (12-87) NOTICE OF INHERITANCE TAX APPRAISEMENT, ALLOWANCE OR DISALIOWANCE OF DEDUCTIONS AND ASSESSMENT OF TAX ESTATE OF GARMAN HARVEY 0 FILE N0.21 88-0264 ACN 101 DATE 05-16-88 TAX RETURN WAS: (X ) ACCEPTED AS FILED ( ) CHANGED RESERVATION CONCERNING FUTURE INTEREST - SEE REVERSE ";:; '� �% ;��Y� APPRAISED VALUE OF RETURN BASED ON: ORIGINAL RETURN 1. Real Estate (Schedule A) ( 1) .00` 2. Stocks and Bonds (Schedule B) ( 2) ,38 --. � 3. Closely Held Stock/Partnership Interest (Schedule C) ( 3) .00 4. Mortgages/Notes Receivable !Schedule D) ( 4) .00 - 5. Cash/Bank Deposits/Misc. Personal Property (Schedule E) ( 5) .00 - 6. Jointly Owned Property tSchedule F) ( 6) .00 7. Transfers (Schedule G) ! 7) .0 0 8. Total Assets � g� ,38 APPROVED DEDUCTIONS AND EXEMPTIONS: 9. Funeral Expenses/Administrative Costs/Misceltaneous Expenses lSchedule H) { 9) 645.00 10. Debts/Mortgage Liabilities/Liens (Schedule I) (10) .00 1 1. Total Deductions (1 1) 645.00 12. Net Value of Tax Return (1 2) 644.62- 13. Charitable/Governmental Bequests (Schedule J) (13) .00 14. Net Value of Estate Subject to Tax (14) .00 NOTE: if an assessment was issued previously, lines 14, 15 and/or 16 and 17 witl reflect figures that include the totat of ALL returns assessed to date. ASSESSMENT OF TAX: 15. Amount of line 14 taxable at 6% rate (15) .00 X.06= .00 16. Amount of line 14 taxable at 15% rate (16) .00 X.15= .00 17. Principal Tax Due (1 7) .00 TAX CREDITS: PAYMENT RECEIPT DISCOUNT (+) AMOUNT PAID DATE NUMBER INTEREST (-) i TOTAL TAX CREDIT .00 BALANCE OF TAX DUE .00 INTEREST .00 * IF PAID AFTER THIS DATE SEE REVERSE FOR CALCULATION TOTAL DUE .00 OF ADDITIONAL INTEREST (IF BALANCE DUE IS LESS THAN S 1 OR IS REFLECTED AS A "CREDIT" (CRI, NO PAYMENT IS REQUIRED)