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HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-04520 ( ~ - . 95-4520 CIVIL TERM The real issue in this case seems to be the extent of the injuries sustained by the Plaintiff. Her medical witness will be Dr, Mulhollem, who is a chiropractor, and his testimony will be by video deposition, There was a claim for loss of consortium filed by Mark A. Lyter. However, he will not be in attendance, and that claim is being withdrawn. The Plaintiffs as of now do not propose to call Pamela S. Lyter as a witness at trial, and they have requested that a satellite video be scheduled and taken at a later date. The Defendant has served on the Plaintiffs a notice to attend, and Plaintiffs have filed a motion to quash this notice to attend. I have asked counsel for the Plaintiffs to furnish authority to me whereby I could excuse the Plaintiff, Pamela S. Lyter, from attending trial in which she is seeking damages. I would ask that this authority be given to me on or before Wednesday, November 6th, 1996. Absent any authority I will require that the Plaintiff be present at the trial, On the Defendant's witnesses, they propose to call Craig A. Depken, Ph.D., who is an expert in the field of biomechanics. They propose to elicit from him testimony that ~ N '- N f.. .. b .. '::; ~~ M h~ .- , "'. ~. !'J;i "- '')i2 0 '- f:,; _:l' ~:.tn ,"" N ).~ ffl!J t- [~6j 1'.: U 0 C,U" ~:. IJ. \0 :::l 0 en (..) t. ." "... PAMELA S. LYTER and MARK A. . IN THE COURT OF COMMON , PLEAS . LYTER, her husband, . CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA . . . plaintiffs CIVIL ACTION - LAW . . v. . NO. 95-4520 civil Term . JEFFREY MUNDIS, . . . . Defendant . JURY TRIAL DEMANDED . AND NOW, this' ORDER day of , it is hereby Ordered and Decreed Plaintiffs' Motion to Quash Defendant's Notice to Attend is hereby GRANTED. BY THE COURT: J. ~ III '- lfl I'. " f N c3.t; ,~ .- :g ..- ~~:z; - ., ..1:" u.. ')~ () - ~ 1} , e: e:~ N .~ ".- ,.~ . ..." 'CoI} ,1 u ll.: CJ ;or. ~ ,.0 a 0" PAMELA S. LYTER and MARK A. . IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS . LYTER, her husband, . CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA . plaintiffs . CIVIL ACTION - LAW . . . (7 L'_l~~t ;jt.~H'-' v. . NO. 1-5"- 1 '.i J, () . : JEFFREY MUNDIS, . . . . Defendant . JURY TRIAL DEMANDED . NOTICE TO DEFEND You have been sued in court. If you wish to defend against the claims set forth in the following pages, you must take action within twenty (20) days after this complaint and Notice are served, by entering a written appearance personally or by attorney and filing in writing with the Court your defenses or objections to the claims set forth against you. You are warned that if you fail to do so the case may proceed without you and judgment may be entered against you by the court without further notice for any money claimed in the Complaint or for any other claim or relief requested by the plaintiff. You may lose money or property or other rights important to you. YOU SHOULD TAKE THIS PAPER TO YOUR LAWYER AT ONCE. IF YOU DO NOT HAVE LAWYER OR CANNOT AFFORD ONE, GO TO OR TELEPHONE THE OFFICE SET FORTH BELOW TO FIND OUT WHERE YOU CAN GET LEGAL HELP. Court Administrator cumberland county courthouse - 4th Floor One Courthouse Square carlisle, PA 17013-3387 (717) 240-6200 plaintiffs IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA CIVIL ACTION - LAW PAMELA S. LYTER and MARK A. LYTER, her husband, . . v. : NO. . . JEFFREY MUNDIS, Defendant JURY TRIAL DEMANDED COMPL1<IN'l' 1. plaintiffs pamela S. Lyter and Mark A. Lyter are wife and husband, adult individuals, citizens of the state of Iowa, who reside at 2895 Tanglefoot Lane, Apt. 6, Bettendorf, Iowa 52722. 2. Defendant Jeffrey Mundis is an adult individual, citizen of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania who resides at 6404 Lexington Drive, Mechanicsburg, cumberland county, pennsylvania. 3. The facts and occurrences hereinafter related took place on or about September 19, 1994, on Route 850, Landisburg, Perry county, pennsylvania. 4. At that time and place, plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter was a front seat passenger in the vehicle being operated by plaintiff Mark A. Lyter. 5. At that time and place, plaintiff Mark A. Lyter was operating a 1979 Jeep Cherokee and was travelling west on Route 850, Landisburg, Perry county, pennsylvania. 73373/CLN 6. At that time and place, Defendant Jeffrey Mundis was operating a utility-style vehicle and was travelling west on Route 850, directly behind the Lyter vehicle. 7. At that time and place, Plaintiff Mark A. Lyter initiated his left turn signal and slowed and stopped his vehicle in preparation of making a left turn into East End Market, Landisburg, perry County. 8. At that time and place, Defendant Jeffrey Mundis operated his vehicle at a high rate of speed and struck the Lyter'S vehicle. 9. At that time and place, the front portion of Defendant Mundis's vehicle violently collided with the rear portion of the Lyter vehicle. COUNT I Pamela S. Lyter and Mark A. Lyter y. Jeffrey Mundis 10. Paragraphs 1 through 9 of Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference. 11. The foregoing accident and all of the injuries and damages set forth hereinafter sustained by Plaintiffs Pamela S. Lyter and Mark A. Lyter are the direct and proximate result of the negligent, careless, wanton, and reckless manner in which Defendant Jeffrey Mundis operated his motor vehicle as follows: 2 13. Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter sustained painful, severe, and serious injuries which include but are not limited to hyperflexion- hyperextension injury resulting from cervical whiplash, dizziness, and severe headaches. 14. By reason of the aforesaid injuries sustained by Plaintiff Pamela s. Lyter, she was forced to incur liability for medical treatment, medications, hospitalizations and similar miscellaneous expenses in an effort to restore herself to health, and claim is made therefor. 15. Because of the nature of her injuries, Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter has been advised and, therefore, avers that she may be forced to incur similar expenses in the future, and claim is made therefor. 16. As a result of the aforementioned injuries, Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter has undergone and in the future will undergo great physical and mental suffering, great inconvenience in carrying out her daily activities, loss of life's pleasures and enjoyment, and claim is made therefor. 17. As a result of the aforementioned injuries, Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter has been and in future will be SUbject to great humiliation and embarrassment, and claim is made therefor. 4 18. As a result of the aforementioned injuries, plaintiff Pamela s. Lyter has sustained work loss, loss of opportunity and a permanent diminution of her earning power and capacity, and claim is made therefor. 19. Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter continues to be plagued by persistent pain and limitation and, therefore, avers that her injuries may be of a permanent nature, causing residual problems for the remainder of her lifetime, and claim is made therefor. CL1<IM II Mark A. Lvter v. Jeffrev Mundis 20. Paragraphs 1 through 19 of Plaintiffs' Complaint are incorporated herein by reference. 21. As a result of the aforementioned injuries sustained by his wife, Plaintiff Pamela S. Lyter, Plaintiff Mark A. Lyter has been and may in the future be deprived of the care, companionship, consortium, and society of his wife, all of which will be to his great detriment, and claim is made therefor. WHEREFORE, Plaintiffs Pamela s. Lyter and Mark A. Lyter demand judgment against Defendant Jeffrey Mundis in an amount in excess of 5 ~ u, ;;; ,..t I- N ~ ~Q -5< If~J l: ..,". "- u~ 'jif3 u~ Cl~ CB": If) .;g~ LJ. I .~ f, cr; ?1. t.) ffi~ I" (O . C;) ,- '4, lJ In .::5 ,'. (;) u '. .. . '" PAMELA S. LYTER and MARK A. IN THE COUR'l' OF COMMON PLEAS LYTER, her husband, . CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA . . . plaintiffs . CIVIL ACTION - LAW . . . v. . . . NO. 95-4520 civil Term . JEFFREY MUNDIS, . . . . Defendant . JURY TRIAL DEMANDED . PLl\INTII'I'S' MOTION TO COMPEL DISCOVERY 01' DEPENDr.NT JEPPREY MUNDIS plaintiffS, by and through their attorneys, Angino & Rovner, P.c., respectfully move this Honorable court to compel Defendant Jeffrey Mundis to file full and complete answers to Plaintiffs' discovery requests for the following reasons: 1. The instant action was commenced by the filing of a complaint on August 24, 1995. 2. On September 28, 1995, counsel for Defendant Jeffrey Mundis filed an Entry of Appearance. 3. On September 22, 1995, plaintiffS forwarded to Defendant Jeffrey Mundis Interrogatories and Requests for production of Documents. copies of these discovery requests are attached hereto as Exhibits A and B. 4. On December 14, 1995, Defendant Jeffrey Mundis forwarded to PlaintiffS Interrogatories and Requests for production of Documents. B2713/CLN ,. ~ .. 5. On December 20, 1995, plaintiffs responded to Defendant's Request for production of Documents, and is currently answering Defendant's Interrogatories. 6. On December 13, 1995, Defendant Jeffrey Mundis filed an Answer to Plaintiffs' complaint. 7. To date, Defendant Jeffrey Mundis has not responded to Plaintiffs' Interrogatories and Request for production of Documents and said responses are overdue. 8. By letters dated october 11, 1995 and November 10, 1995, plaintiffS' counsel wrote to counsel for Defendant Jeffrey Mundis and requested responses to the Interrogatories and Request for production of Documents. copies of these letters are attached hereto 8S Exhibits C and D. ..I 9. Defendant Jeffrey Mundis has failed to comply with all the discovery requests as required by Pa.R.C.P 4005 and 4006. 10. All of the discovery sought by plaintiffS through their Interrogatories and Request for production of Documents is relevant to the instant action. 11. Defendant Jeffrey Mundis has had more than ample time to respond to Plaintiffs' Interrogatories and Request for production of Documents. 12. our Rules of civil procedure provide for the liberal granting of discovery. 2 .. - .. 13. pa.R.C.P. 4019 provides that upon motion of a party, the court can make an appropriate order when a party "fails to make discovery." Pa.R.C.P 4019(a) (viii). 14. plaintiffS, therefore, believe that answering all of Plaintiffs' discovery requests would not burden or oppress Defendant Jeffrey Mundis. 15. Plaintiffs are represented by Richard A. Sadlock, Esquire, of the firm of Angino & Rovner, P.C., 4503 North Front street, Harrisburg, PA 17110, (717) 238-6791. 16. Defendant Jeffrey Mundis is represented by James G. Nealon, III, Esquire, of the firm Caldwell & Kearns, P.C., 3631 North Front street, Harrisburg, PA 17110-1533, (717) 232-7661. WHEREFORE, plaintiffS respectfully request that this Honorable court order Defendant Jeffrey Mundis, to respond to plaintiffs' Interrogatories and Request for production of Documents. Plaintiffs further request that should Defendant Jeffrey Mundis fail to comply with the Court order, then said Defendant should be prohibited from presenting any testimony at the trial of this matter, precluded from entering defenses to Plaintiffs' claims at 3 b i . . Plaintiffs, through their attorney, hereby propound the following Interrogatories to defendants pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 4006 to be answered within thirty (30) days from service thereof. These Interrogatories shall be deemed to be continuing Interrogatories. If, between the time of your answer to said Interrogatories and the time of the trial of this case you, or anyone acting on your behalf, learns the identity and whereabouts of any other witnesses not identified in your said answers, or if you obtain or become aware of additional requested 1nformation not supplied in your answers, you shall promptly furnish the same to plaintiffs' attorney by a supplemental answer. For the purposes of these Interrogatories, "YOU or "your" refers to the defendants and their files and all other persons, a~ents or re resentatives of the defendants and their files. You" s a furt er nc ude al persons on w ose e al defendants prosecuted this action and all persons who will benefit or be legally bound by the results of this action. Your answer to the Interrogatories shall reflect and contain the knowledge of all of ~he above persons. References to plaintiff and/or defendant shall be interpreted as singular or plural, depending upon the particular circumstances of each case. The term "description" or "describe" as used herein shall mean that the defendants shall set forth the name and address of the author or originator, dates, title or subject matter, the present custodians of the original and of any copies and the last known address of each custodian. "Document" shall mean any written, printed, typed or other graphic matter of any kind, whether handwritten, typed or printed, whether distributed or undistributed. It shall include without limitation letters, memoranda, articles, studies, notebooks, diaries and notes, as well as all mechanical and electronic sound recordings or transcripts thereof in the possession or control of the defendants or known by them to exist. It shall also mean all copies of documents by whatever means made. Answer each Interrogatory in the space following the Interrogatory. Supplemental sheets may be attached for answers which require additional space. Please take notice that you are required' to serve upon the undersigned your answers in writing within thirty (30) days pursuant to the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure. These Interrogatories are deemed continuing and supplemental answers should seasonably be provided. PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that pursuant to Pa.R.C.P. Nos. 4003.4 and 4009 and/or F.R.C.P. No. 34, please furnish at our expense, at our office, on or before thirty (30) days of service hereof, a photostatic copy or like reproduction of the materials concerning this action or its subject matter which are in your possession, custody or control and which are not protected by the attorney/client privilege; or, in the alternative" produce the said matter at said time to permit intpection and copying thereof. 1. Any and all documents referred to, relating to, or pertaining to any answer to any Interrogatory. 2. Any and all documents containing information relating to any answer to any Interrogatory. 3. Any and all statements concerning this action or its subject matter obtained by you or anyone acting on your behalf. 4. Any and all investigation reports, except those protected from discovery, prepared by you or by anyone on your behalf in regard to the evaluation and litigation of the instant action. 5. Any and all curriculum vitae for. each and every person whom you expect to call as an expert witness at trial. 6. Any and all expert reports from each person whom you expect to call as an expert witness at trial. 7. Any and all writings, memoranda, reports, statements and records, etc., which you, your company and/or client possess concern- ing the case, investigation or review of the plaintitt and his case. 8. copies of all statements, memoranda, summaries of other writings, documents, diagrams and pictures obtained from your inves- tigation, your insurance company's investigation or your attorney's investigation into the incident involved. You need not supply any attorney's "work product" or other material which is specifically excepted as privileged by the above rule. 9. All documents in your possession, custody or control pre- pared in anticipation of litigation or trial of this case, except those documents which disclose the mental impressions of your attorney or your attorney's conclusions, opinions, memoranda, notes or sum- maries, legal research or legal theories, and except those documents prepared in anticipation of litigation by your repre6entatives to the extent that they would disclose the representatives' mental impres- sion, conclusions, or opinions respecting the value or merit of the claim or defense. 10. To the extent that you have not already provided the same in response to previous requests herein, all statements obtained from any witnesses or memoranda of conversations with witnesses or recordings of witnesses' statements made or obtained during the course of the investigation or matters relating to this law suit, and all such statements, memoranda, or records made by parties to this law suit or their representatives. 11. To the extent not already provided in response to previous requests herein, all statements made by any party to this action, including written statements, signed or otherwise adopted or approved by the person malting it, or stenographic, mechanical, electrical or other recording or transcription thereOf, which is a substantially verbatim recital nf an oral statement and contemporaneously recorded, II . as allowed by Pa.R.C.P. 4003.5 and/or F.R.C.P. No. 34. 12. To the extent that you have not already provided the same, copies of all records, documents and memoranda which have any bearing upon the matters alleged against the requesting party or upon the responsibility of the requesting party for the matters alleged against the requesting party. 13. To the extent not already provided, copies of all experts' reports made or secured by you in connection with your investigation of the matters relating to this law suit. 14. To the extent not already provided, copies of all exhibits which you intend to offer into evidence at the trial of this matter. 15. To the extent not already provided, all photographs, motion pictures, diagrams, maps, surveys, plans and models of the site of the incident and of the vehicles in question that are in your possession. 16. Copies of Declaration Sheets for each and every pOlicy insuring you against the claims made in the instant action. 17. Any and all documents which evidence any facts on the basis of which you will assert a defense against the cause of action stated in the Complaint. ,;1 ; . The Honorable Harold E. Sheely October 23, 1996 Page 2 (d) that the party offering the deposition has been unable to procure the attendance of the witness by subpoena, or (e) upon application and notice that such exceptional circumstances exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard to the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally in open court, to allow the deposition to be used. I respectfully submit Rule 4020(a) (3) permits the use of Plaintiff's deposition at triaL Mrs. Lyter is more than 100 miles from the Courthouse, (a) (3) (b), and exceptional circumstances exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard to the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally in open court, to allow the deposition to be used, (a) (3) (3). Here, Mrs. Lyter is economically unable to travel over 1000 miles to Carlisle from Iowa to lose two days or more of wages or pay living expenses while in Carlisle. To assist the Court in rUling on this matter, I have enclosed copies of 55 4020(a) :11 and 4020(a) :17 from Goodrich-Amram. Those Sections clearly illustrated the deposition of a party may be used at triaL , There is not an abundance of case law on this issue. However, I have enclosed two cases that grant you authority to permit the deposition. Kuntz v. Firth, 216 Pa. Super. 150 (1970) provides as long as the requirements of RUle 4020 are met, the Court ~ admit the deposition. ~, pages 157 and 158. I have also enclosed the decision of Rushe v. O'Mallev, 59 Pa. D. & C. 2d 382 (C.P. Allegheny 1971). In O'Mallev, the Trial Court permitted thJ use of a defendant's videotape deposition at trial even though defendant was present. --.-----" For these reasons, I respectfully request you issue a~_order quashing Defendant's Notice to Attend and permit ~5intiff's testimony to be presented to the jury by video~deposition. Very ~l /'yourEf~ >;::>,/ /---~ /.:-- /. ..-~"./ J ~---~ard-~._sadiock G. 'ee10n, III, ..qui'.{Wi;;~~- .. RAS/mlm Enclosure cc: James g 4020(0):10 Depositions and Discovery necessar~' sincl' this is a matter which will come up lit the trial. At some point during the trial. one of the parties will offer a deposition in evidence as substantive evidence of its contents, If an objection is entered" on the ground that the witness should appear in persoll to testify and be cross.examined. there will instantly be an issue for immediate decision by the trial judge, The matter ma~' be disposed of at side. bar or in chambers. or it may be necessary to take testimon~' on the issue of the unavailability of the witness or the special circum. stances precluding the witness's appearance. After hearing all the facts available. the court will have to make an instantaneous ruling on the admission or rejection of the deposition. in the same way that it must handle all other questions of evidence which coml' up during the course of the trial. S 4020(a):11 -Use of party's own deposition The deposition of a party may be used at the trial of an action if the court determines that such use is warranted under the Rule." Although the courts are generall~' reluc. tantto permit the parties to present their proof b~' means of depositions and interrogatories," a party who has taken his or her own deposition ma~' be permitted to offer the deposi. tion as substantive evidence at trial if such party is unavail. abll' under the terms of this subdivision," For example. where a pal'ty's deposition is taken because of age or infirmity and. at the time of trial. such party is physicall~' unable to appl'U1' on tl1l' witness stand for more than a fell' minutt's, the USI' of' the depo~ition at trial is pel'lnissiblt' if it 22. Ao; to till' rni!'lIl~ uf uhj".,,'tlum. to till' i1dmit-!'11I1l tll a (h'p(J~itllll1. H.t' Uult- ~{)~(~CI 2:1. Bult. .1ll:!1l a_a1 ,\to 10 ,Ill' rt'qUIH'IIWI111' (II Ullll" \'ailahllit" 01 III till' l').II"t'm',' (II ,').('l.p\1t1Iilll ,'il\'UI1I"t.llH't'l' )u"'II,\' 11l~ u!'t' ,If iI tl"lllll'llltll1 ot iI WllIW"" Ilf l1ulI:uln'p", I'.lll~ at Illill. !"'I' H ~ll~(l'''I:I~. ~ll~l~a' I: ~4. Ut. El-'i1h' lIf :\1ao,;.IIU," I Hlll~1 .1:n Pa rl!'o!i. :!-Ill ,\:!il t:;ri1 .th'(.'ith'd undt.!" ...irnilal" iH'\J\'I!'l"ll 01 pfllll fl"I," ~S. Hu!'ht, \' l r~1;,lIt'\ HI~ 11 !.J!l n & l'.!d ;tl"~ qh'l'ldtott U1Hh', !ollllil:ll I'n\\ 1~1l111 (II pril" Huh- 662 --- , .' . - ' , ' . , Jvery DepOSItions and Discovery g 4020(a):11 ...-----.---.-.- --- "---- uf nn .Inll'd reluc. illS of 'n his ~pqsi. ,Ivail- mplt-, .!e or irllll~' a fl'\\' " if it otherwise satisfies the requirements of this Hule!' However. where a part~. is physicall~' able 10 ;.ppear at the trial and in the localit~' where the action is pending. n claim by the pnrt~' that he or she is unable to appear at the trial due to a temporar~'. distnnt absence from the locality will require close examination by the court before the use of the deposi. tion will be permitted," 1111 Amram comment/lry: As a general rule. it is not difficult for a party to establish his or her unavailability for purposes of being entitled to use such party's deposi- tion at trial where the basis for the claim of unavaila- bility is the fact that the party is sick. infirm. or imprisoned. The more difficult problem is the use of the deposition of a party who is some distar.ce from the courthouse and does not find it convenient to travel to the courthouse. although he or she is physically able to do so," The solution to this problem is left with the trial court, Because a party is regarded as an outside witness insofar as the use of his or her deposition is concerned. the party's deposition ma~' be used under the same circumstances as that of the witness, Thus. if a party is situated at a location sufficientl~' distant from the courthouse under the pertinent pro\'ision of the Hule." the court ma~' permit use of the partis deposi. tion on the basis of the part~"s ulHwailnbility. In mak- ing its decision. however. the court mny consider which party is making the request and impose n heavier burden on n part~' requesting till' USl' of his or her dl'Pllsition if such pnrt~. initinlly chose the jurisdiction in which the action is pending. In addition. the court mny also consider the possibility that the pnrty's nb. '1'Ilt ~ till' Ilti\'(' l,lf on In to "ll' nn Till' .hel'~, ue of rum- :\fter \'e to .11 or nt it come ,Hili";' :,'\'hli.d 1'1I1t! :,w, Hu~lll' \' O't\1ulll'\' .1 B71 t rl~1 D & C:!(i :)H:! Idt.,'u.!l.d undt'r lilnlllar prll\'I~IUllllf priM Huh,' :\,. tll lht. una\"nllillulil\ III a \\11, IH'!'>" {II parlY tllIt. 10 !o;dd\t',;,!" III' JIlill'II\II~, !ot'i' ~ to:!O'i111!' :!;, Ill' E,.till~' (II ~';H'~aIU" '1~1t\"1 ..n Pil :I"r., -.!-1ii A:!d jili) 'lh'\'l(h.d until'!' ~imilllr plu\'i~iiln of prilll' Hull" .,llll ~i1l\d,il :.!~. A,. 111 f tll' U\l.I\',lIlahilIlY III ;I wiuw:-'" III" ;1 P,I:"1\ thll' tn :,1)('\1 1'1'I'!'on'.. dl:ot.tll.I' tnlln till' l'OUI"t. hOll!ol', "l't' ~ .1, ',:11.1' 11 :m, Huh' l"~d;I~:llh' 663 , , . ' . ' - ' , ' ' 'l' , . J' ' 64020(a):16 DepoSItions and Discovery ---.---- subpoenn but concenls himself or herself from thl' subpoenn server nnd is never served, ~ 4020(a):17 Exceptional circumstances as ground for permitting use of witness's deposition at trial The deposition of a witness or a party may be used by any party for any purpose as authorized b~' this Rule where the court finds. upon application and notice. that exceptional circumstances exist which make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard to the importance of present. ing the testimony of witnesses orally in open court, to allow the dep?sition to be used," In the absence of a showing of such exceptional circumstances. a court is not justified in allowing the deposition of a witness to be read to the jury where the witness is available to testify," 1111 Amram commentary: This subdivision of Hule 4020. which permits depositions of an outside witness or a nonadverse party to be used as substanth'e evidence without a showing of unavailnbility." must be sparjngl~' invoked, In order to warrant application of this pro\'j. sion. the circumstances must be trul~' "exceptiOllill" since the admission of the deposition in the absence 01 proof of unavailability of the witness gOl'S COOl r:!ry :" the well.established rule that the lestimon\' of wit, nesses should be given orally in open court. Thus, two situntions might constitute exceptional circull1StanCl'S justif~'ing application of this pro\'ision: 111 where till' witness is absent for some unusunl reason nut includl'd in the four categories listed in t he preceding pnra. graphs'" of this subdil'ision; llnd 121 where the witm'ss i;; present in court at the trial but cannOl tl.!'tify for SOllll' unusual reason, such as the loss of SPl'l'ch or l1Ien1OI',\', or sil1lply refu;;es to tl'stif~'. .'i~J. Huh. .10:!(k;P';'''''' :\4. \\'ula!'a\'ltl-:l' \ :o.1itrllll'Ih I Hti'\41 :l34 SUIIt.! ("1 :Wli. .t~:. A:.!tl ,rln!_, eel-I )IHII I.lall BI'P I IP~~:! :\5. A!- tu lilt' \In.l\aILlbdll~ III .1 \\ IIIII':-!> .l!" il ~1"Utld Inl pt'l'lIiJt1ll1~ U".' llllh., \\itlll'l":-'" dt'llll"nil.n ,II lrial. "I',' ~ 11I;!1I ill I:! .'ill. Huh- 11/.'11,.11 .It .I,d 668 ,,\., .\ppcllnnts, ,',41111'1. l~16 PD. SlI1)('rlor Ct. /lUl\>lIl1t ntll furcc;d Fule lIf his Judgmeut ngnlnst ;" 1"'lIhlem W(U; tu reduce .01 "mue of the Ilro[ler~' '," 1'/d/i/1 Grcct~ & .son, ~02. 205. IS9 A, 2d 231 , Co, ,', Mitchell, liO }'n, I OO~ (1\152), The Judg. 'pctltlon tIle court 10 fix 11I01llhs nIwr the sale of Inte, Section 7. 12 p,S, .'e<litOI'S) shall flllllo pre. fn\1' 1I1ll1'Ilet \'nlue of the muuths nfter the snle of ,.t h~' this net, the debtor '.! 11II'ectl~' or Indlrectl)' to I he 11a~'J1lent of the debt petltloll to the court bn\" the fuet of said sale, nnd .\ wllhln six months nfter 1:('1, mlue of the pl'operty , , [niter) being satisfied hc IlI'lI1110notary 10 Innrk ,"cII /Iud dlselmrged." Sec. . f )fil~' 27, 1943, p, L, OSI, "I h(' contrnl'~' to Ihe \,ur. Iho ",Icbt" ns Ihe nmouut ex('eu\.lon rnther Ihnll the \I'll" I'llufossod lu this cnse, Ull'lIl l'l'cullul's 10 11/1\'0 exe. 'lInll III pU~'JI\ent 011 nu lu. .I1111glllelll. bu~' Ihell' .lml!;. ,'III'h suh",'lllIent eXI'clllluu 11l\' ,\.'1 1111' "flll.', Hfll'llfl'h.rlll.h' 1'-~. ,:.:(t~1.111. \ I Glllhtl-S I', UHlhn:S ellu.. ApllCllulll., HID 1M', (10iOI.) 0111n\01l of tht' l'<4.lurl. snle, lIud fix the !ILlr ulILrl;ol \'nlm' of l'lIch piece (If renl ~In'e III /lU /lIllllUUt no hl~her Ih/lll the nllloullt of the Instnlhnelltln dO!lIUlt, 'I'his woulel \,ol'lulln l'Otlll'1I to the sltllntloll th.! 10gls1/11111'e FOllght to ellml1l8te, For tMs Cuurl. 10 pel'mit Ihnt \l'ollltlhe ulleollsclonnhle, 01'der nffirmed, Kuntz v, Firlh, Appellant, ., }'ruclh:r _ Drvcullhm, _ "Uu/IIU" ttH/lr,u - Pa. /t. C. }I, .\'0. .o~o_\ral1'..r 0/ ,...,_Grill....1 o~Jre".n 10 d,vall/lon cl lilli' 0/ III eo",,,,,,"e'.IIIl.II' _ "lln<J\,.lla~IlIlV" edlrric - Vllcrellon 0/ Irlcl jodge _/'., /I, C, I'. ,\'0, ~Oll- Wirelioll 0/ dlflO.ilIoII 1101 h.r..' 1t'1II (lrrClf, 1. lln. H. C. 1', :\0. -iO::.lU IlfO\'h\eR for tbl' U~~ of 0 dCP<hl\t1uu of o \\'llllck.' o,"er 100 m\\('!S from tbe c:ourtlwUfl' 0\ Uwe of triol. 2. In tht,; CD!"e, It wni l1r1d tllBt Ii ~elU!r8\ oll1l'tlion b)' p\aw' 11ft W I. d('I>OS\tlou wod,,' at the time of lu. COUlwcm:CulC1l1 \\'01 aU 'uodl"lunle 0011 1,,,,IlI,,,!unl 1'.Ulllllnllc. with 1'0. n, C, {', :\0, 4111~, ond tba.t "lnlnller hud \\':'II\'l,<1 'Ill' Inut of wbetber the \\'ltUl!t>~ "'OR n IIgolng" \\'ilnc~g, 3. rat n. C. P. ='0. "(l'~O(o) t:J) Ilro\'ldes tbot ODC of tbe "un. R\'oUnbUUY" crltt'l'la 18 thnt dll' "'ltnen be ot 0 grl'otcf dlstDDCe than 100 m1\(,1I frow tlle 111r\C'e lit trllll (Ir tIC oulaltlc lhe CorHl1tln. wCRUlI. '.4. Wher€! llw tlllllo11oll fltA nil,. or the Cour l'n1rGClrll"S of I'll, n. O. P. Xo. 4020(11.) (3), the lU(lf'01\t't1t bKIl sntlsCh.d Ibe rnlu. G. WlIl'f" 111(' trlnl l'ourt 'iud. lhut th(' "l'Qulrl'menu> ut 1'1\. It. t'. 1'. :\u. .1{r!o hnH' h{'t'1I 1I1l'l. \t '.1RIi nO .HlIt'r('tlon ln 1hl.' lOotter. uud m\lFt oc'ol11 tt.(O d('llClt:H\on. 6. In \blH r8y;t<', It \\'lIfI IIrld that tbl' rf'h-cthlU (If \th' df'IIVfit. tllln oH,'n't' \If lh'h'IH\UII' WU, 1111' hnrtuh'oOlO t'rI'(lr. At'gued 1)1'el'mlll'r 12, IlIO!!, BI'fot'e WmGnT, p, J,. !lftl:\TUtlMEn.... ,1.U"rIIIS, J10n'~I^:\, 81'^U,IH:-;G, IItHI CEil' C'O:\I:, ,1.1, (W,\1'10:\8, J"nh~ent\, A\,\,"1I1, ~", l1~O. Oct, '1'.. I\lOll, fl'(lnl Judgmont of ('IlIII.' lI! CllIlIllIon I'll'lI~ ..f ~I""tg,,mel't ('Ollllt~', ~o, j1t'II01H, ~l. 1:!10 I'n. ~UI~rl11r Ct. >.('IIIX, I', Dn\'itl W. I lie\\' 11'lillull'nl't1ed, l\l'S'I'jI, ". I'I1ITII, 11"I'dlnlll. H,; 1:,~', (1Uilll.l I.lllllllltfl Ht 11It' ,,'uur!. \\'us 1111\,1'''\'''1'1,1. IlIkl'lI: (~lllil' ,\0'\,11,1111111 \I'll' 1II1'1'1'1~. l'lll'I'uhlll'lIljn' (II' t1l'fl,lldulll.... ll~!-tirllnll\' ulId thllS i1:, ill. (lIlmi~:-.illll Wlll'O lllt1'm!t.:,:,: (:\ I :ht! IIl'l;illl IIi' il~ lIl'Ol' \\'ll~ 1111 II 1'1'1'11 I' l'iu Ie ,'X"I,..j"" "r jmJklul .11><'1'1'11,,": illlol (,., Ihe ('1.lIl'I'lu III I'll, H. (', 1', SII, ~1I~1I \\'1'11' 11111 ~IIIIK. fll'l\. Tlil'l'l' IR 1I0llillll,: III llie H'I'III'll I.. '111'1'''1'1 lIJ,\wl\l'I"K nrgll 1111'11 t lliul llie Ill'l'"slli,," \l'IIS 11111'1."1'1'1'1,1' 1"\;<'11, 'I'he .lel""IlI"II, Ilsl'Jr, l'l'll'ul, llinl ul I iiI' I hill' "t IIR tllklllg, ~I!" ClIl'I' wns III'el'ul'iu~ I.. 11'11\''' 11'1' f;lill'l'l'IIS' liul'g ~:lIl1ll' ('..111'ge, wlih-Ii 1I1'!,l'lh'l' ('""rl,dl''' I" a1l"1I1. l~O mill'S UWll~' I'I.llm IiiI' ~1""I/.:"lIIel',I. l'III1I1I~' 1,,,"1'1' hll\1~t', .\ 11110l1gh n j1~lIitlg" wit IW"';~ hll:ol llt!t'lI ,lefilll'11 n.,!; ". " n wllllt':o\S who i:o: IIhulll III Ih1pfil't 1'1'11111 tlll' !"tall~ 0)' who i~ ill Ilw fi'llItl' 1I111~' ItI1ll1"II'III'il~':' ,1 ~U\III)Il"ll Pl'nl1:,~')\'lIl1ill 1'1'lh.:th'l' r,l:!. 1111:0\ 11t.f1llilillll is :O:1111ject 111 IJIII'"thlll III 11glil III' I'll. n. (', 1', S.., ~1I~1I. wl,leh 1'1'''. I'hles 1'''1' Ihe 11,,1' "I a t1el""IlI"11 ..I' a 11'111"'55 "nor lUO miles h.lllll IIIe elll1l'lhol1~e III 111Il1' ..I Il'la1. FI1I.th"I" lIlore, Wl' flllIl Ihul. the 111'1'1'11,,1' l,a" \\,111\,\,,1 Ihis i~,,"c \11 this ""~~ rur the l'enSUII Ihlll nil 11I'OI"I'llw ,'1',11'1' \l'1I~ sIInght IIIHII'I' I'll. J!, (', I', S". .fill:!. whl,'h 1'1."vhll" Ihnl "(II) Aft('I' l1ullce Is ,:"\'\.,,,1 1'''1' 111!;ln!! a IIt'l'osit!"n h~' ol'ul eXIIlIllnutlol1, IIpnl1 1Il1l1"'11 "1'0,,'111111111' \llIHll' hI' IIn," I'arl~' "I' h~' the 1'1'1,,,on I" II" I'XIIIIIIII"": t.hl' CUI1I:t IIIIlY Illal\~' all Ill'.hlf' thot 11' thl' .h'IIII,..jtitlll ~11f\1I lint 11l' IUlwll :", 'fill' !!lIUl.!I';ll 1..111.lI'I';illlt tll lit.. .i..!'.....\t11'1I H1I1I111 at Itlll 1 hill' of it~ l'tlIlHlH'lIl!llll1t"otlt waS nn illnde. '1"111<' nll.1 il\l'rr,,'lnnll'llllll'lIullc(' with I'll, ll, ("I', :>0, ~\I1 :!, 11 i:-: 1I1t'11111hl'lll till tlll1 I't'\11'"1Il'lIt II\' H dt'lhl:o\ititlli HI I rill I III ~h"\\' 111l' IInlll"tilllhllll," "I' Ihl' wlllll".- "I' Ih,! ,'xc,.,'I,,' "I' .Inl' 11I1I1,\('IIl'I' ..II h!" pal.1 III lltll'nll'llng I" llll'lllt' Illt.' wit II l':o !'>. ,'r,.,11.li,I..../..j ,', J'llrl'1,",', /1i('/.' & \\'..Ilb',', :t;7 1'a, 1:1'. 111:-1 .\, :!.I :::..'il '1~1:-,1 t. 1I11\\'~'\"'1'. 1':1. H, t'. I', :\11, .IO:,!nlll 11:\' 1.1.11\;.;.... IIHI1 11111' Ilf lit,. ..t1Il11\.llilllhilil~'" ,"!'ih'l'ill j.. ", . ,q- I h j "lIll till' wit- n"lure YOGl:I" J, II jl\llglllcnt Cl1lere,l .,'(/11, /lC.4I1grli8) ']'re. 11. ,',~ IIl/d /Jllrlle, 1'111' 111" ~IIIITh Ill, llliCl: : "" L "I' a colllsloll be. Iii C, I\lIl1tz, plalnt!!l. 1'1' " jlll',l' a \'el't1let of I, llell'llIlnllt.nppetlant, \Cllt II,O,\'. hn\'illg 1Icen "11 liIe \'erdlct, Ihls np. llppcllllllt Is thnt the ,.,1 liIe plnlnt!ff,oppel. ill 111' Ihe deposltlllll of . .1' III 1Il'Pl'1Inllt's CIII' III IiiI' 111111' nl 11'1111 :'11,," I'IlS1'1l1'~ SWtc ('(,11(,/.:1', ,\I'll, ~1"lllgo\1lel',I' ('UIlIl. . ~Iul'l'h lS, l!lGIl, 111'1' ,.. fUI' """ lit 11'101 \\'09 ,,"ill, "11 ~lllrl'l1 :I, lOOll, Ii II, ipdillll tn the lI""ll of lhls '1.'\ "I Ihe Ir!III, I il" ,I\s. 'hl.'I' III ,'hnlllhPl" ..rf II... I 111.1..", 1'('\'1'1l1~ t1l1lt llit. Ihlll III II", .1"p"..lllnll 59 0 I'< C ~d Jh~ I PI';' I , lIu!\11I' \ (r~1.11Il'\ tH~) "1111.1111 on Ihe wi!. .l'. c1l'fl'nse ('ounseJ 'iminar" ('lwmina. .notl 's ~ounsel did Ih"llons and ren. I'I'nmyh"lni.1 Hull' 01 l'll'll I'ron'dll"" ~o::w. "l'", 01 D"pw.ilions al Trial," prm'id,'s Ih,lI, "(a) "llhe Irial. any P,II'I or all of 11ll' dl'posilion, so far as admissihle undl'r 11ll' ruks 01 l'I'idl'IKI', 111.11 hl' lIsl'd againsl any pal'ly who was prl'S('nl 01 /'l'P/'l'sl'llI,'d 'II 11ll' laking of Ihe dl'posilion or \l'ho h.llllllllill' Ihl'll" (If if rl'quin:d. in a(COrdanCl' wilh any' 01 Ihl' lidloll'llu: prol'isions: , , , "(li Tlw dl'posilioll of a Ilillll''', II hl'lhl'r or 1101 ,I p~II'IY. 1m.... II(' uSl'd by' ;IIlY p"I'IY' for any pllrpuSl' ({IIII' ('(jurt }iI/{ls, , ,IC) Ihillllll' 11'11111'" II II/IIIiIIl' tu IIIII'I/d or II',I/UII hel'ause of il!:l'. ,111/"'1'11. /1/./i,.,,/l1I1 or il11pns. onml'nl: , , ," In pilri mall'ria. Fl'd, Hull'S 01 Cil'ill'rOlI'du/'l' .lO h ,. "Dl'positions Upon Oral E,~.lmin,lIlon." prm ail'S Ih.II, ", , . (-Il The Coun may upon mOllon order Ihl' lesllmony al a d('posillon Ill' Il'l'ord,'d hy' other Ihan s/t'/Io!ll'lll'llic' me/IIt.I, In \l'hidl l'\'l'nl 11ll' ordl'r sh.11I deslgnale Ihe manner uf Il'curdln!:, P/'l''''J'I'ing and iii, Ing thl' deposilion, and may Indlldl' ollwr prol'isions 10 assllre Ihal lhe rl'l.'ordl'c1It'stinlOnl' \1'111 h.' //It'1/1'II/1' and /l'IIs/II'Il/'/IIY, If llll' ordl'r is m:lcll', ,I p.1I'I1' m.1\ 1Il'l'enhdl'ss ;In'illlgl' III h.lll' 01 Sll'1I0L:rolphit o"lnsnip' lionmadl' .11 his 1J\\'lIl'xpl'n"'." l'aranlllf'l' I'. Stall" 22'1 So, :!d S',) II., 1"1,'1 hl"" Ih,lI ,I I'Id"III.II'1' of dl'Jlond.1I11 , 11111,,"--11)11 II ,I' ,illall'" sihll', .III,doL:i/ing 11ll' illlnll"II.i1i!y 01 I'hIlIIlC:I'iI/,h' and mOl ion piltull's 10 Iljlt-IIL./"." .\loolln pillllll" lI'ithoul sOllllll. h,llI' IOIlL: 1""'lIl1'II'lllt,,,'d ,1111111,,111"', Sl'I' H ;\m .1111',,1'1'11111 III 1',1'1' ~J1l7 1"100 SOl/lid f'I'ulrdillL:s II'lIholll IJlllllll's ,1I't' ,111/111"1"'1' 11110 ,'I I, d"lIl" Sl"', I',t:.. 1',lld'oll I. Sllll!. :!I ,f) \\'1' I,) J. ill:'\. \\', :!dI7fi' 1"51 I. .1I1l1 l'1I111111l'Ii!.Hl'ljlll'lIl" ,,1\dlllJ"I' "ilill' IIlSlIlIlId lli'lllldlllt:S." Hi 01.1.1 I. HI'I 1'>7 )%,-1' (T, IIii' 1I111'liJlI 11'1'''1'1 1'1 Iii., \dIl1ll1l'II,IIII., Om,., oIpP",lred In COUl'l IIld Il'slilied for 20 '1Sl'collnselolTered I'ideolape deposl. obit.tled gcnerally 10 u'J'lain pOJ'llons " ,llaJ!n and I'jsual 1\ l'n' dl'lewd prior Il' Jllry. The court III (h'f\.'ndJIlI to be 1.lrd tl'lel'lslol1 rc. lUlIJ'l ,1J1d one for , fulluwlng speelal 'lIbl11lssionlo and I', I\.IS profcsslon. Ill.llpraulce in the . III Ihls ('JSC, Yes /I1,'dil'.d l1lalprac. '1\1111,lIl' ('allse of', c:", 1I1l11plalned of' 1 "'11'1 lUl1ll11illl'd 11I1I",hll'lilln illlU I Id"IILIP'.' dl'pusi. 'j1.1J. I\" C ~d :iH:!, 111':'1 i .'~H7 1t",lw \' (1'~1.11l1'\ ('0111'1 of IIlil10is 1I11'111,rJ I'ldl'lllap. ,lIul ir1l'xpel1sll'(' 1,l/ldl'I1, "11lll'rim illois - Expl'rl. '''111 I'rol'el'dil1gs \'idl'Olapin!: of ,lorl'l'II, "Enll'l'- 1(;,1'170), '11 ill finding Ihal I Sl'IN' under I'a, Id.lIl1lO L1l' ('ailed l/11111:lIlon ill Ill(' '"l1ll'S, II00I'l'I'l'I', I.lli,," of dlofl'nd, "lIiol1 of defend. "1111'1 found lhal h.I/,ll'ded if he 1.1111 lI'a~ unable Il'l11ilY" and Ihal Idll1l"lhlt-ln his lIol'lhl' .11111 I I Jt'l'd<II'I', III 1:"".11 1':l11I1' III Irit'l's of ',111. :\ I'idl'ol,II'I' dl'l'o,illllll .I1'pl'ars 10 hI' Ihl' dOSt'sl """ simile 10 h,'I'ill~ Ihl' \l'ill11'SS phy~il':llIy' Jl""Sl'111 ill ll'Onl III lhl' jlll':., TIlt' I'ldl'III"Pl' 1'l'llI'lllhll'l'S :II'llll',"dv 1111' h'Slil11ol11' 01' .I II 11111''' ,lIld l'II:1bll's Ihl' 11Irl' 10 oI""SS , , , thl" dl'1111'.I110r, voln' Il1l1l'lliol1s, hotly' l11ll\l'l11l'lIls, "I- lial,'xJlI'l'''llIlIs,:lS 111'11 .IS 1111' 1I0l'ds oflhl' \1'11111''' ,llItI I"Xal11illl'l'S, '1'111' jlll'II1'S 111,11' .ISSt'SS till' l'I'l'dibiJily 01'1111' l'icll'OI'IJll' 11'1111.'" III 1I11'1'I'I'il1L: his ~l'sIUI'I"~, gril11,lll'S. ilJlJll'dll'IISiol1s oIl1d sll11'1'rily :ll1d aurally pl'rcl'il I' his IlJlJl':lncllnl1l'lliol1, :\lthollL:h 1111' lidl'lIl.IJll'S \l'el'l' nOI filed \l'lIh till' (OUI'I, Ihl'I' IIl'l'l' I'll III' s:lft.-guardl"d, TIll'v \1'l'I'l' 111111, l'I'iIS.11111' ,;lId 1II'I'l' 1'~'I,llIwd by 11lL' Jll'o~Ju('il1~ 10111' pany .Incl oIv,lil:ll1k 10 :III IJ:II'lII'S for l',~:ll11il1.lIiOI1 or l'il'II'lm: Jll'iol' 10 trl,lI, FlIl'lll('l'Il1ol'e. ,I sll'nogl'aJlhil' I'l'l'ol'd \l'as m.ldl' sll11ultaneously with lhe l'ideoIaJlI' :lnd Irans(Tibed l'opies were Jlrol'idl'd to all ('ounsd, In addition to Ihl' obvlolls Impl'Ol'eml'lll of Ihe sub, stallle of \l'hal is l'onlalned In the deposition Ihl'OuJ:h lhe liS(' 01' l'itll'ol,IJll', elol1omlc adl'alllages I11:1Y be gailll'd from thl'il' lIsl' by 11'1:11 l'OUl'ls, :\I':liJilbllily of eXJlel'l \l'ilnl'''l'' oU'I'd I1U 11ll1gl'r hall' a negalil'e 1m. Pil( I 011 Ihe orcll'rJy .lI1d Ill11dy JlI'OJ:l'l'SS 01' Irl,J1s iUlcl :ldl11il1lstr.lllul1 ol'lrl,rJ l'OIIl'I~, f'1.lilllil1' lOIlII'I1'" Ih,lI 111'l',IUSI' I Id.."tol"" I, 1111111' 1',II11l' ,lI1d IIl'l',IlI'I' lill' lOUI'I Inllll'I111'd I Ill' JUrors Ih,lI Ilwl' IIl'rl' Vll'lI il1e: ,I judid:ll "lirsi" ill 1'I'I1I1S1'II.lI1i.I, Jln,jlldid,1I ,lIul 1I111111l' I'mphasis II',IS P',lll'''' 011 IIIl' Il'slimol1Y 01' "1'/<'lId,1I1I \\'1' do 1101 l,dll'll' 1'11111'1' 01 Ihl'''' I;lllors IOI1'lillll.'s 1'1'1'01', nllllh It-" 1'l'Il'rsill/l' l'ITOI'. :lllIli"lI f'lllUI'l' .lIulldl'I'lsillll JlI'l'Sl'I1I,III11ns ,11'1' wilhin Ihl' l0ll1nllll1 hIlOIl/todL:l' ,lIul d,llIy' l'XJll'I'Il'1ll1' 01 111'111,11" ,III "I 11111' jlll'ors \'idl'III,IPI' l'(sl'IIII.1I1I P"'.''''II'' hll' Il'sllll1oll1 "I' IIIl' 11'11111''', '1'111' IIII'I "II, "'I'II'd d""'lId,1111 ,Is III' II'stllit,,, IIII' ~() 1111111111'S I'"rlll'r ""I'dUI'l! do 1101 "oll1e: Jlrocedllres II t I Ill' of rl'cord. ,'dtlf'l' :lO author. 111',111' ,," iiii' 11,11 I .Ind II'Usl' '111 I' ,1S~lIl'l'd, 1It1/Ule:,lI1ls .lI1d 101' IIIl' fJlIl'Jlllse Ie: P""ll'i.lls .lIld ,III dillc~ ani .Id. 11111 pllllJl'll"i dn' III'S sOUl1d .ulIl dall' ,II1d 1f'llsl' ~ N -- C"; r.-; .. ]-,. ~., - , " ~;,\ - t.... l? , .., !EL . -r. ~F .....;: ~~ ';fr'i 0', M ]",~ "- ,"?, L',' I- ,nrn F~ c...l ~,::!a... 0 t.; 11_ _0 3 0 0" . ~ \0 ~ ~ ..:t 0 N a~ I~ u-,. a: q~ !, if N ~~" I ",l~ n'rn I.!.I a-. UJ ff D. <1Ju. oCI: 5 II. r- 0 0'1 U