HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-1838 criminalCOMMONWEALTH Of : IN THE COURT Of COMMON PLEAS OF
PENNSYLVANIA : CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
v, : 97-1838 CRIMINAL TERM
:
MICHAEL SHIPE, :
Defendant :
IN RE: DEFENDANT'S PRE-TRIAL MOTION
BEFORE HOFFER, P.J.
ORDER OF COURT
ANDNOW, ~~, (~ ,1998, after careful
consideration of both parties' briefs, Defendant's Pre-trial Motion is denied.
By the Court
p.j.
Travis Gery, Esquire
Assistant District Attorney
Cumberland County
Attorney for the Commonwealth
Paul Bradford Orr, Esquire
78 West Pomfret Street
Carlisle, PA 17013
Attorney for the Defendant
COMMONWEALTH OF IN THE COURT Of COMMON PLEAS
PENNSYLVANIA : CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. : 97-1838 CRIMINAL TERM
:
MICHAEL SHIPE, :
Defendant
IN RE: DEFENDANT'S PRE-TRIAL MOTION
BEFORE HOFFER, P.J.
OPINION OF THE COURT
HOFFER, P.J.:
In this opinion, we address Defendant Michael Shipe's Pre-trial Motion.
Shipe claims that the Commonwealth executed an illegal seamh warrant of the
Defendant's premises. Defendant asks that all of the evidence found at the
premises be suppressed. Defendant also asks that the Commonwealth divulge the
identity of the confidential informant who supplied information to the police which
was then used to obtain probable cause for the search warrant. We deny
Defendant's motion.
Defendant's first claim is that the police officers entered his apartment prior
to obtaining a search warrant, thereby violating Defendant's Fourth Amendment
dghts. At the suppression hearing, two opposing stories were presented to the
Court. For the Commonwealth, Officer Smith of the Carlisle Police Department
testified. He stated that on the day in question he was at the Carlisle police station
preparing warrants until 5:45 p.m. He obtained a search warrant for Defendant's
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apartment which was dated 5:50 p.m. The search warrant stated that the second
floor apartment at 424 North Hanover Street would be searched for drug
paraphernalia. Officer Smith testified that he entered the premises for the first time
at 6:32 p.m. He searched the apartment for forty-five minutes to one hour and no
one was present at the apartment during this search.
For the defense, Miriam Shipe, the Defendant's grandmother testified. Mrs.
Shipe claims that she went to her grandson's apartment at 5:20 p.m. She testified
that she saw the rear door was open and a parole officer allowed her into the
apartment. Mrs. Shipe claimed that the officer told her "there's a search going on,
Officer Lortich is in there." Mrs. Shipe claims she left and returned approximately
fifteen minutes later and saw Officer Lortich in the apartment.
Miriam Cardova also testified for the defense. Ms. Cardova claimed that she
arrived at the apartment at 5:40 p.m. or 5:45 p.m. She testified that when she
arrived there she saw Officer Lortich at the door and Officer Smith in the
apartment.
This is an issue of credibility. Since each side has presented opposing
testimony we must determine which party is more credible. We merely believe that
the defense witnesses got their time mixed up; we accept the officer's testimony.
The police had a proper warrant when they entered.
97-1838 CRIMINAL TERM
Defendant's second claim is that the search warrant was invalid because it
was not based on probable cause. The standard for determining whether probable
cause exists for a search warrant is the "totality of circumstances" test. The
issuing authority must make a practical, common sense decision, given all
circumstances, including veracity and basis of knowledge of persons supplying
hearsay, that there is fair probability that contraband exists. The totality of
circumstances test is to allow a more flexible approach. Commonwealth v. Jones,
668 A.2d 114, 116-17 (Pa. 1995).
The Court finds that the Commonwealth has met the above burden based
upon the search warrant which was executed. The search warrant states that on
August 16, 1997, the affiant received a phone call from a confidential informant
stating that the informant had just observed two pounds of marijuana packaged in
two separate bags in the Defendant's apartment. The confidential informant stated
that one bag of marijuana was located in Shipe's apartment behind the television
in the room next to the kitchen. The confidential informant then stated that Shipe
was examining the second bag of marijuana. The warrant went on to state that
based on Officer Smith's knowledge and experience in narcotics investigations,
Smith believed that the marijuana was not for personal use and would be
repackaged into smaller quantities for delivery. Smith went on to state in the
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affidavit that he believed the suspect did not yet have sufficient time to repackage
and distribute the marijuana from the residence.
Based upon the above information, the Court finds that the totality of
circumstances test was met. The information contained in the warrant shows that
the confidential informant was inside-of Shipe's apartment, had specifically seen
where there was marijuana located, and saw Shipe handling the marijuana.
The warrant also stated that the confidential informant had previously
provided information that had led to arrests and convictions in the past.
Additionally, the warrant stated that the affiant had received reliable information in
the past from this informant.
In Jones, the court went on to state that corroboration by the police is not
needed if the affiant contends that the confidential informant was reliable in the
past. Id. at 117. Based upon the information in the warrant, corroboration was not
needed since the affiant had dealt with the confidential informant in the past and
he had provided reliable information.
Probable cause existed for a search warrant.
The final issue which the Defendant raises is whether the Commonwealth
must divulge the identity of a confidential informant. The courts have held that
where the confidential informant is not a witness to the incident at issue, the
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Defendant must show that the Commonwealth's disclosure of the identity of the
informant is material to his defense, reasonable, and in the interests of justice.
Commonwealth v. Hritz, 663 A.2d 775, 778 (Pa. Super. 1995)(quoting
Commonwealth v. Ross, 623 A.2d 827, 829 (Pa. Super. 1993)).
At this point in time, the Defendant has not met the requirement of proving
to the court that the information sought is material to the defense, the request is
reasonable, and the information is in the interest of justice.
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