HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-2508 CRIMINALCOMMONWEALTH IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
V.
JAMES ALLEN HOCKENSMITH 01-2508 CRIMINAL TERM
IN RE: MOTION OF DEFENDANT TO SUPPRESS EVIDENCE
BEFORE BAYLEY, J.
OPINION IN SUPPORT OF ORDER DATED APRIL 3, 2002
Bayley, J., April 18, 2002:--
Defendant, James Allen Hockensmith, is charged with counts of driving under
the influence,~ driving while his operating privilege is suspended, DUI related,2 and
operating a vehicle as an habitual offender? He filed a motion to suppress evidence
upon which a hearing was conducted on April 2, 2002. On April 3, 2002, an order was
entered denying the motion to suppress evidence. The order contained a statement
that "based upon a totality of the circumstances, we are satisfied that Officer Lindsay
observed erratic operation of a vehicle by defendant over a sufficient distance to justify
an investigative stop on suspicion that the operator was driving while under the
influence of alcohol."
We find the following facts. At 12:40 a.m. on March 9, 2001, Officer Robert
~ 75 Pa.C.S. § 3731(a)(1) & (4).
2 75 Pa.C.S. § 1543(b).
3 75 Pa.C.S. § 6503.1.
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Lindsay of the Silver Spring Township Police was on patrol in New Kingstown, in Silver
Spring Township. He saw a blue Chevrolet stop at a stop sign on Locust Point Road at
the intersection of two lanes of northbound U.S. Route 11. The Chevrolet then went
across Route 11 to where Locust Point Road continues at approximately a one-car
offset from the point of entry onto Route 11. As the vehicle re-entered Locust Point
Road, the middle of the car straddled a double yellow line dividing the two lanes of
travel. The vehicle then went back into its lane of travel. It then veered toward the fog
line, and then back toward the center of the road. A short distance later the vehicle
again veered toward the fog line, and then back toward the center of the road. The
vehicle then crossed a railroad track which was .5 miles from Route 11. It continued for
.4 miles, then turned right onto two-lane Kost Road. When the vehicle made that
ninety-degree turn it crossed into the oncoming lane of the road. Officer Lindsay
decided to stop the vehicle. As he was about to turn on his overhead lamps, the
vehicle went into a driveway at 22 Kost Road. Officer Lindsay stopped, and went up to
the car. The driver was defendant, James Hockensmith. Officer Lindsay asked
defendant for his cards. Defendant did not have a driver's license. He told the officer
that it was suspended for driving under the influence. Defendant's eyes were glassy,
and Officer Lindsay smelled an odor of alcohol on his breath. He saw some beer
bottles on the front floor of the vehicle, one of which was in a "Huggy." Defendant told
the officer he had drunk "about four beers." Officer Lindsay conducted field sobriety
tests, which defendant failed. The officer arrested defendant for driving under the
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influence. He transported defendant to a booking center where defendant submitted to
an Intoxilyzer 5000 test.
Claiming that the stop of his vehicle was unlawful, defendant sought to suppress
all evidence gained by Officer Lindsay after the stop. A lawful investigative stop of a
vehicle may be based on an observation of erratic driving. Commonwealth v. Starr,
739 A.2d 191 (Pa. Super. 1999). In Commonwealth v. Gleason, 785 A.2d 983 (Pa.
2001), the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania granted an allowance of appeal to
determine:
[w]hether an arresting officer possesses reasonable and articulable
grounds to believe that a licensee violated a provision of the Vehicle
Code, warranting the stop of the licensee's car, based upon his
observations that the licensee's vehicle crossed the berm line by six
to eight inches on two occasions for a period of a second or two
over a distance of approximately one quarter of a mile. (Emphasis
added.)
The Supreme Court reversed an order of the Superior Court of Pennsylvania and
reinstated an order of the trial court granting the defendant's motion to suppress
evidence. The Supreme Court concluded that there was a lack of any evidence that
the defendant's driving created a safety hazard which would have supported a stop
under the Vehicle Code at 75 Pa.C.S. Section 3309(1), which requires that a vehicle
shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane.
In contrast to the facts in Gleason, in the case sub judice defendant's vehicle
(1 straddled a double yellow line of Locust Point Road after crossing Route 11, (2)
twice siqnificantly veered within its lane of travel within .5 miles, and (3) .4 miles later
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made a right turn onto Kost Road into the oncominq lane of travel. Defendant's driving
did constitute a safety hazard and, based upon the totality of circumstances,
constituted erratic operation of his vehicle over a sufficient distance to justify an
investigative stop on articulable and reasonable grounds to suspect that the operator
was driving while under the influence of alcohol.
(Date) Edgar B. Bayley, J.
Kara Haggerty, Esquire
For the Commonwealth
Aria Waller, Esquire
For Defendant
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