HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-1177 Support TONYA L. KENDALL IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
Appellee CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
V. PACSES Member No. 1348000026
PACSES Case No. 084000045
DAVID C. SWEIGARD Docket - 1177 of 95
Appellant
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO PA. R.A.P. 1925
Before HOFFER, P.J.
OPINION
HOFFER, P.J.:
A hearing was held on October 4, 2001 to decide whether the defendant's
(David C. Sweigard) changed circumstances warrant a modification of his child
support obligation. The defendant appeals from an order of this Court denying
his petition. On appeal the defendant complains that:
1. "The Trial Court erred in computing the Defendant's child support
obligation where it based that computation on his prior earnings rather than his
present actual earnings where appellant, in good faith and without the intent to
circumvent his support obligation, reduced his prior earnings to pursue an
educational goal that will enhance future income potential at the expense of
present earnings and inure to the benefit of the minor child."
STATEMENT OF FACTS
In February of 2001, the defendant requested a reduction in his child
support obligation. He is obligated to pay $427.28 each month for the
maintenance and care of his eight-year-old daughter. At the time of the hearing
the defendant had also accrued child support arrearages of $1,786.89. (N.T. at
35.) This amount includes arrearages accrued from before February 2001. The
defendant has been paying $5.00 a week to clear his arrearages. (N.T. at 36.)
He petitioned the Court to adjust his child support payments to reflect his
reduced income due to a change in his employment status.
The defendant is currently working part-time, approximately 24 hours a
week at the rate of $15.00 dollars per hour as a dock worker for Consolidated
Freight. (Notes of Transcript, Hearing, October 4, 2001, at 5)(hereinafter "N.T. at
__" ). Until February of 2001, the defendant had been employed by Exel
Logistics as a supervisor for second shift. The defendant worked at Exel
Logistics for approximately five years and had an annual salary of $30,000. (N.T.
at 8). While working for Exel Logistics the defendant began taking classes at
Harrisburg Area Community College and was reimbursed by Exel for up to two
classes per semester. (N.T. at 9, 14.) At the end of his schooling the defendant
hopes to find a job as a computer engineer and estimates his starting salary will
be approximately $45,000 per year. :
In February of 2001, the defendant's position at Exel Logistics was
downsized. (N.T. at 8). Exel offered to continue to employ the defendant and
offered him several options. The defendant was offered a position as a
supervisor at two other Exel facilities. (N.T. at 23. ) Both positions would have
required the defendant to relocate and were, therefore, not acceptable to him.
(N.T. at 23.) He was also offered a position as a forklift operator at the Camp Hill
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facility. (N.T. at 24.) He could choose to work on either the first, second or third
shifts. (N.T. at 24-26.) Accepting a position as a forklift operator would have
meant a demotion and a pay cut to $12.95 - $13.01 per hour for the defendant.
However, the defendant would have been able to work two to four hours of
overtime each week, and keep his benefits, including the tuition reimbursement.
(N.T. at 26.) He chose not to remain employed at Exel and in February he began
collecting unemployment. ~ (N.T. at 13.) On August 1, 2001, the defendant began
working at Consolidated Freightways in a position substantially similar to the
position he refused at Exel Logistics at a substantially similar salary. (N.T. at 5.)
The only significant difference is that the position at Consolidated Freightways is
part time.
DISCUSSION
Setting the amount of child support a parent is obligated to pay is largely
within the discretion of the trial court. Mooney v. Doutt, 766 A.2d 1271, 1273
(2001). In determining a parent's ability to pay, the focus is on the person's
earning capacity rather than on the person's actual earnings. Id. Earning
capacity is the amount the person could realistically earn under the
circumstances, considering his age, health, mental and physical condition, and
training. Diehl v. Beaver, 444 Pa.Super. 91, 663 A.2d 232 (1995). There are
exceptions to the earning capacity rule; for example, if income is reduced through
"illness, layoff or some other factor over which the parent has no control". Beegle
v. Rasler, 395 Pa. Super. 174, 576 A.2d. 1100, 1102 (1990). The courts have
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also recognized "a parent's legitimate desire to forgo a lucrative present
employment situation in hope of establishing a rewarding future career." Id.
The defendant argues that his support obligation to his eight-year-old
daughter should be reduced because he desires to work part time and attend
Harrisburg Area Community College and then Penn State to finish his degree in
computer engineering. In his brief, he relies upon several cases to support his
contention that his child su~pport obligation should be reduced while he works part
time and attends school. However, the defendant's situation is factually
distinguishable from the cases upon which he relies.
In MaQuiddy v. MaQuiddy a young lawyer left a salaried position to open
his own practice which reduced his income. 238 Pa. Super. 390, 358 A.2d 102
(1976). The Court determined that this was sufficient reason to reduce the
father's support payment to reflect his actual income rather than his earning
potential. Id. In Roberts v. Bockin the mother was advised by a physician to quit
her job. 315 Pa. Super. 52, 461 A.2d 630 (1983). The Court found that there
was sufficient evidence to support a finding that the mother had,.not attempted to
elude her parental support responsibilities and that her actual earnings were the
proper measure of her ability to pay. Id. Finally, the defendant relies upon Tilton
v. Tilton, 49 Cumb. 65 (1999)(Oler, J.). In Tilton, the mother was enrolled in a
graduate program to become a nurse practitioner while working part time as a
nurse. Id. The Court determined that her actual earnings, rather than her
earning power, were the proper gauge while she pursued her master's degree.
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Id. Prior to enrolling in graduate and throughout graduate school the mother had
been employed part time.
The defendant's situation is distinguishable from those described above.
Here, the defendant, unlike the defendant in MaQuiddy, is not a professional or
an expert in a particular field attempting to start his own business. Next, while
the defendant was legitimately laid off from his supervisor position at Exel
Logistics, he was offered another fulltime position as a forklift operator. The
forklift operator position would have allowed him to work second shift, retain his
education benefits, make $13.00 per hour with the possibility of two to four hours
a week of overtime, and attend school during the day. While this is not
equivalent to his previous salary, it is more than the defendant is currently
earning working part time. He declined to accept this position, indicating to the
Court that this position would mean a demotion and a pay cut, as well as not
allowing him to complete school assignments while at work. (N.T. at 9-10).
Presently, the defendant is employed part time as a dock worker at a rate
of $15.00 per hour. His present position is a substantially similar position for a
substantially similar wage to the fulltime position he declined to take from Exel
Logistics. Additionally, while working fulltime, 45-50 hours per week for Exel
Logistics as a supervisor (N.T. at 25), the defendant was attending school
fulltime. (N.T. at 17). The defendant now petitions this Court to reduce his
obligation so he can pursue his educational goals while working part time.
However, the defendant was pursuing his educational goals and working fulltime
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on second shift when he worked at Exel Logistics.~ While the defendant has a
right to pursue an education, he also has an obligation to support his daughter.
In the past the defendant has worked fulltime while he attended school. The
Court sees no reason why he cannot continue to do so. Therefore, the
defendant's child support payments were calculated as if he continued to work
full time for Exel Logistics earning $13.00 per hour. (N.T. at 33.)
~ The Court is not persuaded by the defendant's argument that he could not take the fulltime forklift
operator position because he would not be able to study while at work. (N.T. at 9-10). Mr. Durff from
Exel Logistics testified at the hearing that doing school work on the job was against company policy and
that the defendant was not permitted to use company time to pursue his studies. (N.T. at 22.)
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