HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-5485 civil termJERRY GILBERT AND IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
LYNNEA GILBERT, CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
PLAINTIFFS
FORBES CHEVROLET, INC.,
DEFENDANT 98-5485 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: MOTION OF DEFENDANT FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT
BEFORE BAYLEY, J. AND HESS, J.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this JS-~"- day of May, 2000, the motion of defendant for
summary judgment, IS GRANTED.
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
Danielle Beauvais, Esquire
For Plaintiffs
William Costopoulos, Esquire
For Defendant
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JERRY GILBERT AND IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
LYNNEA GILBERT, CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
PLAINTIFFS
V.
FORBES CHEVROLET, INC.,
DEFENDANT 98-5485 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: MOTION OF DEFENDANT FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT
BEFORE BAYLEY, J. AND HESS, J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., May '1, 2000:--
Plaintiffs, Jerry and Lynnea Gilbert, filed a complaint against defendant, Forbes
Chevrolet, Inc., in which they averred, inter alia:
(1) They purchased a 1998 Chevrolet S-10 pickup from defendant's automobile
dealership.
(2) They entered into an early lease termination with the lessor of their 1995
Honda Accord.'
(3) That $674.76 of a General Motors Cash Back Incentive was used to pay off
financing of their Honda Accord with American Honda Finance.
(4) On May 13, 1998, they "[t]urned over possession of the subject 1995 Honda
Accord to Defendant to be returned to American Honda Finance .... "
The lessor was not defendant or General Motors.
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(5) On May 14, 1998, defendant paid the $674.76 balance due by plaintiffs to
American Honda Finance for the early lease termination.
(6) The Honda Accord was stolen from the lot of defendant's dealership.
(7) That defendant's conduct constituted unfair and deceptive acts or practices
as defined in the Unfair Trade Practices and Consumer Protection Act, 73 P.S. Section
201-2(4), as follows:
(vii). Representing that goods or services are of a particular
standard, quality or grade, or that goods are of a particular style or model,
if they are of another;
(xiv). Failure to comply with the terms of any written guarantee or
warranty given to the buyer at, prior to, [sic] or after a contract for the
purchase of goods or services is made;
(xv). Knowingly misrepresenting that services, replacements or
repairs are needed if they are not needed;
(xvi). Making repairs, improvements or replacements on tangible,
real or personal property, of a nature or quality inferior to or below the
standard of that agreed to in writing;
(xvii) (xxi). Engaging in any other fraudulent or deceptive conduct which
creates a likelihood of confusion or of misunderstanding?
(8) That "Defendant, failed to live up to its end of the bailment and as a result,
plaintiffs have suffered great damage and injuries."
In count I of their complaint alleging violations of the Unfair Trade Practices and
Consumer Protection Act, plaintiffs seek "[c]ompensatory damages, treble damages,
attorney fees, cost of suit, and any further relief as the Court may deem just and
proper." In a count II titled "Common Law Bailment," plaintiffs seek damages "[i]n an
2 This is subsection (xxi) of Section 201-2(4). Plaintiffs have not included the
conduct described in subsection (xvii).
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amount not in excess of Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000.00), together with all collateral
charges, attorney fees and cost of suit.''3
Defendant filed an answer to plaintiffs' complaint averring that its agreement with
plaintiffs was that plaintiffs would leave the Honda on defendant's premises so that
American Honda could retrieve the vehicle. In new matter, defendant averred (1) that
its employee contacted American Honda to inform them that the Honda was available
for pick up, (2) American Honda sent a representative of Crawford & Company, which
appraises automobiles, to its dealership who examined and took pictures of plaintiffs'
vehicle, and (3) the Crawford & Company representative told defendant that someone
would pick up the car. Plaintiffs answered the new matter denying any knowledge of
such events.
Plaintiffs have produced evidence that while their Honda Accord was on the lot
of defendant's automobile dealership pending its return to the lessor it was stolen
sometime between May 23 and May 26, 1998. The car was later recovered and was a
total loss. Plaintiffs' insurance carrier paid the claim in full in the amount of $9,815.40
for the car, and $1,500 for storage, for a total of $11,315.40. In a deposition, plaintiff
Jerry Gilbert testified that (1) when he picked up the 1998 Chevrolet S-10 pickup truck
that he and his wife purchased from defendant, that defendant, as a "courtesy," agreed
3 This pleading violates Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1021(b) that
provides that "Any pleading demanding relief for unliquidated damages shall not claim
any specific sum."
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with respect to the Honda to "take it up" to the lessor on their early lease termination,
(2) no money was exchanged for this courtesy, and (3) nothing was said about how
long the Honda was going to be on defendant's lot. Gilbert also testified that he and his
wife suffered no financial losses as a result of having left their Honda with defendant on
May 13, 1998.
Defendant moved for summary judgment which is ready for disposition. ~1n
Washington v. Baxter, 719 A.2d 733 (Pa. 1998), the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
set forth the standard for deciding a motion for summary judgment under Pa. Rules of
Civil Procedure 1035.1-1035.5:
[w]e must view the record in the light most favorable to the non-moving
party, and all doubts as to the existence of a genuine issue of material
fact must be resolved against the moving party. Pennsylvania State
University v. County of Centre, 532 Pa. 142, 143-145, 615 A.2d 303,
304 (1992). In order to withstand a motion for summary judgment, a
non-moving party 'must adduce sufficient evidence on an issue
essential to his case and on which he beam the burden of proof such
that a jury could return a verdict in his favor. Failure to adduce this
evidence establishes that there is no genuine issue of material fact
and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.'
Ertel v. Patriot-News Co., 544 Pa. 93, 101-102,674 A.2d 1038, 1042
(1996). Finally, we must stress that summary judgment will be granted
only in those cases which are free and clear from doubt. Marks v.
Tasman, 527 Pa. 132, 589 A.2d 205 (1991). (Emphasis added.)
Plaintiffs aver in an answer to defendant's motion for summary judgment that
their count titled "Common Law Bailment" is based on a subrogation claim of their
insurance carrier. We learn from plaintiffs' brief that they actually seek $11,315.40 on
this count, which is the amount their insurance carrier paid on their claim, not an
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amount in excess of $50,000 as improperly pleaded in their complaint.
In Ferrick Excavating and Grading Company v. Senger Trucking Company,
506 Pa. 181 (1984), the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania stated:
The law of bailments is well established, both as to the general
nature of bailments and as to the duty of care owed in different types of
bailment. As early as 1875 this Court stated that as to gratuitous
bailments:
[t]he law.., has been settled since the decision of Coggs v.
Bemard, 2 Ld.Raym. 909, in the year 1703. 'Where a man takes
goods into his custody to keep for the use of the bailor,' it was said
by Holdt, C.J., in that case, 'he is not answerable if they are stole
without any fault in him, neither will a common neglect make him
chargeable, but he must be guilty of some gross neglect.' The
principles which govern the relations between bailors and bailees
are succinctly stated in Story on Bailments, sect. 23. 'When the
bailment is for the sole benefit of the bailor, the law requires only
slight diligence on the part of the bailee, and of course makes him
answerable only for gross neglect. When the bailment is for the
sole benefit of the bailee, the law requires great diligence on the
part of the bailee, and makes him responsible for slight neglect.
When the bailment is reciprocally beneficial to both parties, the law
requires ordinary diligence on the part of the bailee, and makes him
responsible for ordinary neglect.' In Thompkins v. Saltmarsh, 14 S.
& R. 275, Duncan, J., in delivering the opinion of the court, said:
'Where one undertakes to perform a gratuitous act, from which he
is to receive no benefit, and the benefit is to accrue solely to the
bailor, the bailee is liable only for gross negligence .... It is that
omission of care which even the most inattentive and thoughtless
men take of their own concerns .... The bailee without reward is
not bound to ordinary diligence, is not responsible for that care
which every attentive and diligent person takes of his own goods,
but only for that care which the most inattentive take.'
The Supreme Court stated in Ferrick that different standards of care apply to various
bailments, because "The common sense of the matter is that a person who holds
another's goods as a favor should not be held liable for damages to those goods unless
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he has behaved in some reckless fashion .... "
In the case sub judice, plaintiffs did not trade-in their Honda Accord when they
purchased the 1998 Chevrolet S-10 pickup from defendant. A bailment is "It]he delivery
of personalty for some particular purpose.., upon a contract, express or implied that..
· it shall be... dealt with according to his directions .... "Wright v. Sterling Land
Company, Inc., 157 Pa. Super. 625 (1945). When Jerry Gilbert, in his deposition,
acknowledged that defendant took possession of the Honda as a courtesy, without an
exchange of money, that was an admission that it was a bailment for the sole benefit of
plaintiffs. The disputed fact as to whether plaintiffs left their Honda with defendant for
defendant to return it to the lessor, or if the lessor was to come to defendant's
dealership to pick up the Honda, does not change the nature of the bailment. Plaintiffs
have produced no evidence that when the Honda was stolen from the lot of defendant's
dealership that it was as a result of gross neglect on the part of defendant, which is the
duty that must be breached by a bailee before there can be recovery of damages under
a bailment for the sole benefit of the bailors.4 The failure of plaintiffs, the nonmoving
party, to adduce such evidence establishes that there are no genuine relevant issues of
material fact and that defendant is entitled to summary judgment on plaintiffs' count
titled "Common Law Bailment."
4 There is not even any evidence that defendant did not exercise ordinary
diligence in the care of the bailed property which, if it had not, would constitute ordinary
neglect which is the duty that must be breached by a bailee before there can be
recovery of damages under a bailment that is beneficial to both parties.
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Plaintiffs have not even suggested in their brief that there is any evidence that
could be submitted to a jury supporting their claim that there was a violation by
defendant of the Unfair Trade Practices and Consumer Protection Act, and there is
absolutely none. Accordingly, defendant is entitled to summary judgment on plaintiffs'
claim under that Act.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this ~.S~--- day of May, 2000, the motion of defendant for
summary judgment, IS GRANTED.
Danielle Beauvais, Esquire Edgar B. B'ayl (~e~'~
For Plaintiffs
William Costopoulos, Esquire
For Defendant
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