HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-4601 civilCHRISTA MALONE,
Plaintiff
Vo
JACK A. SUNDERLAND
and ALICE R. MOUNTZ t/a
A & J TOY POODLES,
Defendants
· IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
· CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
·
· NO. 99-4601 CIVIL TERM
·
IN RE: PETITION TO OPEN DEFAUI~T JUDGMENT
BEFORE GUIDO, J,
AND NOW, this
ORDER OF COURT
day of APRIL, 2000, for the reasons stated in the
attached opinion, defendants' petition to open the default judgment is denied. A trial
limited to the issue of damages is scheduled before this Court on Wednesday, June 14,
2000, at 9:30 a.m. in Courtroom # 5 of the Cumberland County Courthouse.
By the Court,
Edward E. Guido, J.
Kathleen K. Shaulis, Esquire
For the Plaintiff
Paul Taneff, Esquire
For the Defendants
'sld
CHRISTA MALONE,
Plaintiff
Ve
JACK A. SUNDERLAND and
ALICE R. MOLrNTZ t/a
A & J TOY POODLES,
Defendants
· IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
· CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
·
· NO. 99-4601 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: PETITION TO OPEN DEFAULT JUDOMENT
BEFORE GUIDO. J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Currently before us is defendants' "Motion to Vacate Default Judgment." A
heating on said motion was held on January 5, 2000. The parties were given the
opportunity to file briefs in support of their respective positions, which they have done.
The matter is ready for disposition.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
On July 30, 1999, defendants commenced this action by filing a pro se appeal
from a judgment entered against them at the district justice level. On August 20, 1999,
plaintiff filed a complaint in response to a role issued upon her by defendants. Although
the complaint was promptly served upon the defendants, ~ they did not meet with an
attorney to discuss the matter until September 13, 1999.2
Notes of Testimony, pp. 6-7.
Notes of Testimony, pp. 6-7.
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On September 13, 1999, defendants' counsel mailed a letter to plaintiff's counsel
3 Plaintiff's counsel
requesting an extension of time to October 14 to file an answer.
indicated that she never received the letter.4 We believe her.
On September 14, 1999, plaintiff's counsel mailed a copy of the notice of default
required by Pa. R.C.P. 237.1 to each defendant,s Defendant Mountz testified that neither
she nor her codefendant received the notice.6 We do not believe her.
On October 1, 1999, a judgment by default was entered against the defendants for
failure to respond to the complaint.7 On that same date the prothonotary sent notice of
the default judgment to each defendant as required by Pa. R.C.P. 236.8 Defendants filed
an Answer with New Matter and counterclaim on October 4, 1999.9 On October 20,
10
2000, they filed the "Motion to Vacate Default Judgment" which is currently before us.
DISCUSSION
At the commencement of the heating on defendants' motion it was agreed that
they were seeking to have the default judgment opened rather than vacated. 11 Pa. R.C.P.
237.3 provides as follows:
RELIEF FROM JUDGMENT OF NON PROS OR BY DEFAULT
(a) A petition for relief from a judgment of non pros or of default entered
pursuant to Rule 237.1 shall have attached thereto a verified copy of the
complaint or answer which the petitioner seeks leave to file.
3 Defendants' counsel did not enter his appearance of record at that time.
4 Notes of Testimony, p. 20.
5 Notes of Testimony of January 5, 2000, proceeding, Respondent's Exhibit 1.
6 Notes of Testimony, pp. 10-11.
7 Refer to docket entries. See also paragraph 4 of defendants' Motion to Vacate Judgment and Plaintiff's
Response Thereto.
8 Refer to docket entries.
9 Refer to docket entries.
~0 Refer to docket entries.
~ January 5, 2000, Notes of Testimony, p. 3.
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(b) If the petition is filed within ten days after the entry of the judgment on
the docket, the court shall~open the judgment if the proposed complaint or
answer states a meritorious cause of action or defense.
In the instant case, the motion was not filed within ten days after entry of the default
judgment.12 Therefore, Rule 237.3 is not applicable. However, our inquiry does not end
there.
A petition to open a default judgment is an appeal to the equitable powers of the
court. Alba v. UrologY Assocs. of Kingston, 409 Pa. Super. 406, 598 A.2d 57 (1991).
Default judgments are not favored. Kraynich v. Hertz, 443 Pa. 105,277 A.2d 144
(1971). In order to be entitled to relief"the moving party must (1) promptly file a
petition to open the default judgment, (2) show a meritorious defense, and (3) provide a
reasonable excuse or explanation for its failure to file a responsive pleading."
Allegheny Hydro NO. 1 v. American Line Builders, Inc., 722 A.2d 189, 191 (Pa. Super.
1998). In the instant case, the defendants have failed to meet any of those requirements.
Prompt Filing Of Petition To Open.
There is no "bright line test" to determine whether a petition to open a default
judgment has been timely filed. Id. at 193. Rather, we must focus "on two factors: (1)
the length of the delay between discovery of the entry of the default judgment and filing
the petition to open judgment, and (2) the reason for the delay." Id. (quoting Quatrochi
v. Gaiters, 251 Pa. Super. 115,380 A.2d 404, 407 (Pa. Super. 1977)).
~2 As noted below, we are also of the opinion that it did not state a meritorious defense.
99-4601 CIVIL TERM
In the instant case, the defendant received notification of the default judgment no
later than October 3, 1999.13 Their petition to open was not filed until seventeen days
later on October 20, 1999. The defendants did not offer any reason for the delay. Under
the circumstances, we are not prepared to say that the petition to open was promptly filed.
Meritorious Defense.
Attached to the petition was a copy of the answer which the defendants had filed
three days after entry of the default judgment. Upon reviewing the complaint and
answer, we are satisfied that defendants have not set forth a sufficient defense to justify
opening the judgment.TM
The undisputed facts may be summarized as follows. On February 1, 1999,
plaintiff paid defendants $400 as a deposit on a puppy.~ On March 20, 1999, plaintiff
paid the balance of the purchase price and took possession of the puppy.~6 At that time
Defendant Mountz signed the following document:
On this day March 20, 1999, I Alice K. Mountz of A&T Toy
Poodles, have sold one 7-week old black female teacup poodle to Christa
Malone for the amount of $800.00 paid in full. Buyer reserves the fight to
have the puppy examined by her veterinarian within 96 hours. If in fact
any infectious disease and/or any congenital disorder is discovered the
puppy may be returned for a full refund.17
13 Defendant Mountz testified that she dropped the notice in the mail to her attorney the day after she
received it. He called and discussed the significance of it with her on October 5, 1999. (January 5, 2000,
Notes of Testimony, p. 10). Assuming that her lawyer called her immediately upon receipt of the notice,
and assuming that it took only one day to reach him after she mailed it, defendants would have received the
notice of default judgment on October 3, 1999.
14 Not only must the defense be meritorious, but it must also be set forth in "precise, specific, clear and
unmistaken terms." Shainline v, Albcrti Builder~, Inc., 266 Pa. Super. 129, 135,403 A.2d 577, 579 (1979).
~5 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 8.
26 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 11.
27 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 12 and Complaint Exhibit 1.
99-4601 CIVIL TERM
Although she signed the above written guarantee, Defendant Mountz advised plaintiff
that it was unnecessary since all of her dogs were guaranteed for one year.ms
Plaintiff's husband advised defendants by phone that their vet told them to remm
the puppy. Defendants said that this would not be a problem.~9 The puppy was returned
on March 25, 1999.20 Defendants refused to refund plaintiff's money until the dog was
examined by their own veterinarian.2~ On March 27, 1999, defendant called plaintiff to
advise her that the dog had been examined by their own vet and that she would be
receiving a refund check within a week.22 Defendants have never refunded the purchase
price to plaintiff.23
The only defense proffered by defendants in their answer is set forth in paragraph
45 of the new matter as follows:
Any problems which the puppy may have experienced, was proximately
caused by the Plaintiff's own neglect, fault or careless conduct in caring for a
seven week old puppy including, but not limited to, contributory negligence
and assumption of risk by the Plaintiff, and without any negligence, fault,
want of care or other culpable conduct on the part of the answering
Defendants.24
The above language inartfully and improperly attempts to set forth a negligence defense
to a contract action.
More importantly, the defendants have admitted, either expressly or by operation
of law, all of the elements necessary for plaintiff to obtain her judgment. Furthermore,
~8 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 13. Defendants answer contained a general denial of paragraph 13.
However, it is well settled that a general denial of an allegation in a complaint operates as an admission of
that allegation..Swift v. Milner, 371 Pa. Super. 302, 538 A.2d 28 (1988); Pa. R.C.P. 1029(b).
~9 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 16. (Answer contains a general denial).
20 Plaintiff claims the return date was March 25, 1999. Defendants admit that the dog was returned, but
allege that it was on March 27, 1999. (Complaint and Answer, paragraph 17).
21 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 18.
22 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 21. (Answer contains a general denial).
23 Complaint and Answer, paragraph 21.
24 New Matter, paragraph 45.
99-4601 CIVIL TERM
the defendants have not attempted to explain under what possible theory they can keep
the dog and not remm the purchase price.
Reasonable Explanation For Failing To File Answer.
Neither the defendants nor their counsel have offered a credible explanation for
their failure to file an answer before the default judgment was entered. Defendants'
counsel contends that he mailed a letter to plaintiff's counsel on September 13, 1999, in
which he requested an extension until October 15 to file an answer. The letter states in
relevant part as follows'
This letter will acknowledge that we met with our client to day [sic] to
review the Complaint and we will be preparing an Answer for filing.
However, in view of my current calendar, I would respectfully request a
reasonable extension of time to file an Answer. Unless I hear from you to the
contrary, I will assume that if we are filed no later than October 15, 1999, you
will not have a problem. Otherwise, we will file a Motion with the Court
requesting an enlargement of time necessary to complete our initial
investigation and prepare a responsive pleading.2s
Plaintiff's counsel said that she did not receive the letter and we believe her.
However, even if the letter had been received by plaintiff's counsel, her action in
mailing the notice of default to each of the individual defendants on September 14, 1999,
was sufficient to put them on notice that the requested extension was not agreeable.26
Although Defendant Mountz testified that they never received the notices, we simply did
not believe her testimony. She was confused, evasive, and not at all credible.
Furthermore, it is simply too much of a coincidence for us to believe that the letter
25 January 5, 2000, proceedings, Petitioner's Exhibit 1.
26 January 5, 2000, proceedings, Respondent's Exhibit 1. At the time the notices of default were mailed,
plaintiff's counsel was still working under the impression that defendants were proceeding pro se.
99-4601 CIVIL TERM
requesting an extension, and two separate notices of default were all lost in the mail. We
are satisfied that defendants received the notices and chose to ignore them.
While we recognize that default judgments are not favored under the law, we are
satisfied that the equities of the current case dictate against allowing defendants to open
the judgment. The cavalier treatment of plaintiff's claim cannot be excused. This is
especially tree in light of the fact that a meritorious defense to that claim does not appear
to exist. Therefore, we are constrained to deny their request to open the default
judgment.
However, the amount of the judgment is another matter. Pa. R.C.P. 1037(b)
provides, in relevant part, as follows'
The prothonotary, on praecipe of the plaintiff, shall enter judgment against
the defendant for failure to file within the required time a pleading to a
complaint which contains a notice to defend or for any relief admitted to be
due by the defendant's pleadings.
(1) The prothonotary shall assess damages for the amount to which the
plaintiff is entitled if it is a sum certain or which can be made certain by
computation, but if it is not, the damages shall be assessed at a trial at which
the issues shall be limited to the amount of the damages.
In the instant case, the plaintiff requests a remm of the purchase price plus
prejudgment interest. Certainly, these items are, or can be computed to be, a sum certain.
However, plaintiff also claims numerous ancillary damages, as well as treble damages
and counsel fees under the Uniform Trade Practices and Consumer Protection law 73 P.S.
§ 201-1 et seq. Whether plaintiff is entitled to treble damages and attorney fees under the
UTCPL is a question that must be decided by this Court. 72 P.S. § 201-9.2(a). Since we
cannot state with certainty that the amount of damages computed by plaintiff are
appropriate, we will schedule a trial limited solely to the issue of damages in accordance
99-4601 CIVIL TERM
with Pa. R.C.P. 1037(b)(1). See also Baraonfski v, Malone, 371 Pa. 479, 91 A.2d 908
(1952).
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this 4TM day of APRIL, 2000, for the reasons stated in the attached
opinion, defendants' petition to open the default judgment is denied. A trial limited to
the issue of damages is scheduled before this Court on Wednesday, June 14, 2000, at 9'30
a.m. in Courtroom # 5 of the Cumberland County Courthouse.
By the Court,
Kathleen K. Shaulis, Esquire
For the Plaintiff
/s/Edward E. Guido
Edward E. Guido, J.
Paul Taneff, Esquire
For the Defendants
'sld