HomeMy WebLinkAbout2007-24 Adoption (2)
IN RE: : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
ADOPTION OF :
: ORPHANS’ COURT DIVISION
I.M.L. : 24 ADOPTION 2007
AND :
E.D.L. : 24A ADOPTION 2007
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO PA. R.A.P. 1925
Ebert, J., November 27, 2007 -
Appellant father, Ronald Oland Lynn Lovings, Jr., has filed an appeal to the Superior
Court of Pennsylvania following an order terminating his parental rights. Appellant’s bases of
appeal are as follows:
1.)The trial Court abused its discretion in terminating the parental rights of
the natural Father based on the evidence educed at trial.
2.)The trial Court made errors of law in failing to hold the natural Mother to
her burden of proof.
3.)The Court’s findings in support of its Order terminating the parental rights
of the natural Father are not supported by competent evidence.
4.)The Court erred in failing to consider the actions or omissions of the
natural Mother in obstructing the natural Father’s rights of his children, in
not encouraging the children to speak with or spend time with their Father,
and in planning to terminate his parental rights after so obstructing his
access to the children.
5.)The Court erred in finding that it was in the best interest of the children
that the parental rights of the Father be terminated.
This Court previously filed a 14 page opinion on September 12, 2007, which deals with
the legal issues presented in this case at length. This opinion is filed pursuant to Pa.R.A.P.
1925(a) to supplement the prior opinion and more specifically address those issues raised in the
Plaintiff’s Statement of Matters Complained of.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
A detailed explanation of the facts of this case can be found in the primary opinion filed
of record on September 12, 2007.
DISCUSSION
I.This Court Did Not Err in Holding the Natural Mother to Her Burden of Proof
As was made clear in our primary opinion of this case, under 23 Pa.C.S. §2511 (a)(1) a
parent’s rights in regard to his or her children may be terminated after it is established that the
parent has refused or failed to perform his or her parental duties for the statutory period of six
months without good cause. Appellee mother, Melanie Wilkinson, has met her burden of proof
in establishing that Lovings has failed to perform his parental duties for more than six months.
Parental duties extend beyond a mere financial obligation, and require the parent to demonstrate
a continuing interest in the child and a genuine effort to maintain communication and association
with the child. In re: Burns, 379 A.2d 535 (Pa. 1977).
Lovings has not met his financial obligations to his children; he is $14,000 in arrears on
support payments with the last support payment being made in 2004. While his children have
had much physical visitation with his parents over the past two years, including a June 2007 visit
to his parents’ Texas home which is located one hour away from him, he has not had any
physical visitation with his children since August 2005. Furthermore, his last communication
with them involved a phone conversation in March 2006. He has not maintained e-mail or
written correspondence with the children, and he has not attempted to make any contact with
them since June 2006. This evidence supports the fact that his last contact with the children was
more than six months ago. In demonstrating that Lovings has not met his financial obligations
2
or three years, had physical visitation with the children in the past two years, or maintained any
form of communication with the children within the last year, Wilkinson has met her burden of
proof in establishing that Lovings has failed to perform his parental duties for more than the six
month statutory period. With the substantial amount of supporting evidence in favor of
Wilkinson’s argument, this Court determined that she had met her burden of proof. Therefore,
this Court must reject Appellant’s argument that there was error in holding the natural Mother to
her burden of proof.
II.This Court Did Not Abuse its Discretion in Terminating the Parental Rights of the
Natural Father, as its Finding is Based on the Best Interest of the Children and its
Order is Supported by Competent Evidence
Once Wilkinson met her burden of establishing that Lovings had failed to perform his
parental rights for the six month statutory period provided by 23 Pa.C.S. §2511(a), this Court
properly considered the best interest of the children in entering an Order terminating the parental
rights of the natural father. In determining whether such a decision would be in the best interest
of the children, this Court carefully considered Lovings’ explanation of his conduct, any post-
abandonment conduct by him, and the effect on the children of entering an Order terminating the
parental rights of the natural father. Adoption of Charles E.D.M., II, 708 A.2d 88 (Pa. 1998).
The facts of record demonstrate that Lovings has displayed a continuing pattern of
absence from his children’s lives for over two years. His explanations for not enforcing the
physical visitation requirements seem to be consistent with one who does not accept his parental
duties unless it is convenient for him in terms of financial circumstances and personal schedule.
For example, in terms of financial support, Lovings alleges that he sent a support payment in
September 2006, but eventually stopped payment on the check because “it was messing up my
balance in my account - - I needed money for a truck repair.” He also has not visited his children
3
r provided transportation costs for his children to visit him, but he maintains that when the
Wilkinsons were still living in Maryland that he was saving money to travel there to hire an
attorney to enforce his parental rights. Lovings last attempted to call his children in June 2006; it
was not until after abandonment, at the end of the hearings that Lovings indicated any interest in
calling them again. “Parental rights may not be preserved by complete indifference to the daily
needs of a child or by merely waiting for some more suitable financial circumstance or
convenient time for the performance of parental duties and responsibilities (while others
adequately provide the child with [his] immediate and continuing physical and emotional
needs).” In re: Adoption of Smith, 194 A.2d 919, 922 (Pa. 1963).
Since Wilkinson remarried five years ago, the children have been living with her, her
husband and his children as a stable, family unit. The Wilkinsons make the important daily
decisions in the children’s lives, and all of the family members refer to each other as parents,
children, and siblings, without using the word “step.” The Wilkinsons have been adequately
providing for the children in Lovings’ absence. In light of the facts of record that support that
the Wilkinsons provide a stable family environment for the children and that Lovings has not
performed his parental duties for beyond the statutory six month period, we found that it was in
the children’s best interest to terminate Lovings’ parental rights in order to pave the way for the
children’s adoption by Wilkinson’s husband, James J. Wilkinson, Sr. Furthermore, because the
decision to terminate was supported by substantial evidence, this Court did not abuse its
discretion in terminating the parental rights of Lovings.
III.This Court Did Not Err by Finding that the Natural Mother did not Obstruct the
Natural Father’s Parental Rights Through any Alleged Acts or Omissions
In determining whether the termination of parental rights is supported by competent
evidence, the court must consider whether the circumstances support a finding that the appellant
4
as failed to perform his parental duties. When the non-custodial parent asserts that the lack of
significant contacts has resulted from the custodial parent’s deliberate actions to thwart such
communications, the court must determine whether the record contained clear and convincing,
competent evidence of the non-custodial parent’s failure to utilize available resources to persist
in attempting to overcome impediments to the development of a parent-child relationship. In re:
Adoption of Hutchins, IV, 473 A.2d 1089 (Pa. Super. 1984). It follows that in order to maintain
his or her parental rights, “a parent may not acquiesce in obstructive behavior by…the custodial
parent. He or she must exhibit “reasonable firmness” in refusing to yield to such obstacles.” In
re: Adoption of J.S.H., 445 A.2d 162, 168 (Pa. Super. 1982) (Beck, J., concurring).
Although Lovings has lived in Texas since the divorce and the Wilkinsons have moved
several times since 2002, he was able to comply with his duties of partial custody pursuant to the
parenting plan from 2002 until Christmas 2004. In addition to physical visitation, he had kept
regular contact by telephone and by sending cards on birthdays and holidays during that time
period. Lovings was able to perform his parental duties during this time period with minimal
effort, despite the distance between his and the Wilkinsons’ residence. For the past year, the
Wilkinsons have maintained their residence in Shippensburg, Pennsylvania. Lovings’ mother
visited with the children in March 2006, and the children visited his parents in Texas in June
2007. While he may have legitimately lacked the funds to visit his children in Christmas 2004,
for most of the time period since the divorce decree was entered, Lovings has been gainfully
employed, with his tax earnings ranging from approximately $23,000 to $33,000 per year.
Lovings has had knowledge of his children’s location, he could have used his parents as a means
of communicating with his children, and he had the financial means to arrange for physical
visitation. However, he has made no attempt in the past two years to enforce the physical
5
isitation provisions of the parenting plan, nor has he proactively made any attempt during that
time period to modify the plan through court order.
Lovings maintains that he was asked to stay away from his parents’ home during the
children’s recent visit; however, Lovings admits that he did not attempt to call or visit the
children at his parents’ home. Furthermore, he did not talk with Wilkinson, with whom he also
has not spoken since June 2006, to try to set up a visit or telephone call with the children. This
recent example of his unwillingness to maintain his parental duties is consistent with the attitude
that he admitted he had after his last attempt at calling the children after June 2006: when he
“sort of gave up.”
Lovings’ parents have maintained a healthy relationship with the children despite
Lovings’ failure to perform his parental duties. The record does not support Lovings’ argument
that Wilkinson’s actions obstructed his parental rights. However, even if they were to be
construed as such, Lovings has not exhibited “reasonable firmness” in refusing to yield to the
supposed obstacles. He has not had physical visitation or maintained written communication
with his children for over two years, and he has not spoken with them on the phone for over one
year. Furthermore, he has failed to utilize any available resources in attempting to overcome any
impediments to the further development of a parent-child relationship over the past two years.
He has not spoken with Wilkinson since June 2006, he has not attempted to modify the parenting
plan, and even though his parents have maintained a healthy relationship with the children, he
has not actively reached out to the children through them. If truth be told, it is Lovings’ parents
who are most interested in maintaining their relationship with these children. Lovings’ father
had a power of attorney to handle Lovings’ financial affairs even though he is now 30 years old.
Lovings’ father came from Texas to testify at the hearing, and paid for Lovings’ attorney.
6
ONCLUSION
This Court did not abuse its discretion in its consideration of the evidence presented in
this case, in its deductions and inferences based upon that evidence, nor in its application of the
law to the facts. In light of all the evidence, Ronald Oland Lynn Lovings, Jr. has not persuaded
this Court that it is in the best interest of the children to maintain his parental rights.
Accordingly, we granted Melanie Wilkinson’s petition for Involuntary Termination of Parental
Rights and awarded her the full custody of her two children.
By the Court,
_____________________
M.L. Ebert Jr., J.
Jerry A. Weigle, Esquire
Attorney for Petitioner
Weigle & Associates, P.C.
126 East King Street
Shippensburg, PA 17257
Cindy L. Hribal, Esquire
Attorney for the Children
61 West Louther Street
Carlisle, PA 17013-2936
John W. Purcell, Jr., Esquire
Attorney for Respondent
Purcell, Krug & Haller
1719 North Front Street
Harrisburg, PA 17102-2391
7