HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-3422 EquityTOWNSHIP OF SILVER SPRING,
Plaintiff
Vo
GREGG R. CARIGNAN,
Defendant
· IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
· CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
· CIVIL ACTION -- EQUITY
· 94-3422 EQUITY TERM
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO PA. R.A.P. 1925
OLER, J., March 18, 1999.
In this apparently endless litigation involving a municipality's attempt to rectify the
condition ora yard which was found to be a public nuisance by this court in 1995, Defendant
has appealed pro se to the Commonwealth Court from a third adjudication of contempt and
sanction. The order appealed from read as follows:
AND NOW, this 9th day of December, 1998, upon
consideration of Plaintiff's Third Petition for Adjudication of
Civil Contempt, following a second hearing on this petition, and
the Court finding that the condition of the property occupied by
Defendant at 6495 Carlisle Pike, Mechanicsburg, Cumberland
County, Pennsylvania, has not materially changed since the
Decree first issued by this Court on October 19, 1995, at which
time the property was found to be a public nuisance, inter alia,
the Court finds that Defendant continues to be in intentional,
willful, and voluntary noncompliance with the Decree
previously entered, and Defendant is adjudicated in civil
contempt for a third time.
The sanction imposed for this contempt is that the
Plaintiff is authorized to, one month fi.om today's date, (1) abate
the nuisance by effecting a cleanup of the premises, the cost of
which shall be borne by Defendant; (2) enter judgment against
Defendant for the said cost upon petition and any hearing
ordered by the Court; and (3) file a municipal lien respecting the
property for the said cost.
Either party may secure the assistance of a constable in
the form of his or her presence at the scene in the event that the
same is deemed necessary, and the fee of the constable shall be
borne by Defendant.
The basis for the appeal is unclear, because Defendant has declined to provide a
statement of matters complained of pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure
1925(b). Defendant's response to the Court's order directing the filing of such a statement
read as follows:
ON the l lth day of January 1999 the Honorable J.
Wesley Oler filed an order directing the Defendant to file a
"Statement of Matters Complaint of'. In light of the fact that his
Honor has not entered his opinion in support of his order(s) as
per Rule 1925(a), the filing of "Statement of Matters
Complained of' at this time would be premature and detrimental
to the Defendants appeal, as all of the issues at bar, findings of
facts, and law have yet to be completely and properly entered by
this Court. Case law supports failure to list an issue may
constitute a waiver of the issue but a Defendant's failure to file
a "Statement of Matters Complained" of does not preclude
meaningful appellate review White v Owens Coming
Fiberglass, Crop. (1995, Pa Super) 668 A2d 136, and
Mulholland v Workman's Compensation Appeal Bd. (Bechtel
Constr.) (1995, Pa Cmwlth) 669, A2d 465.1
This opinion in support of the order appealed fi.om is written pursuant to Pennsylvania
Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(a).
STATEMENT OF FACTS
On October 19, 1995, a permanent injunction was issued against Defendant to clean
up the premises of his residence in Silver Spring Township, Cumberland County,
Pennsylvania.2 The relief accorded the municipal Plaintiff arose out of the court's finding
Defendant's Response to His Honors Rule 1925(b), filed January 27, 1999.
2 Township of Silver Spring v. Carignan, 44 Cumberland L.J. 484 (1995). The court's
decree was issued as a final decree, following disposition ora motion for post-trial relief, on
December 11, 1995.
that Defendant's property constituted a public nuisance and was being maintained in
violation of several ordinances.3 The premises were described by this court in 1995 as
follows:
Since at least March of 1987, the township has been
engaged in a running battle with Defendant as a result of the
condition of his yard. The entire yard, except for passageways
through it, is full of decaying vehicles, mobile home trailers
acting as huge storage containers, rusting pieces of machinery,
inoperable equipment, broken kitchen appliances, oil drums,
worn out tires, and so forth.
During a view of the premises by the court, the door to a
refrigerator which was ostensibly operating on the porch was
opened to reveal the disintegrating remains of some animal or
bird habitation. Neighboring residents are unable to venture into
their yards at night because of an influx of skunks emanating
from the direction of the property, their windows must be kept
shut because of the animals' stench, and one neighbor has
resorted to use of a gun to repel the skunks -- successfully
killing ten of them.4
The court's decree was affirmed by the Commonwealth Court on October 29, 1996.s
In affirming the decree, the Commonwealth Court noted that "[w]e believe that these
undisputed findings meet the legal requirement of public nuisance in fact.''6 Defendant's
petition for allowance of appeal was denied by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on July 11,
1997.7
Defendant was adjudicated in contempt of the decree for the first time on May 29,
3 See id.
Id., at 486-487.
Carignan v. Silver Spring Township, 683 A.2d 988 (Pa. Commw. 1996).
Id. (memorandum opinion at 10).
Carignan v. Silver Spring Township, 548 Pa. 663,698 A.2d 69 (1997).
1996.8 He was sanctioned on June 7, 1996, by a term of imprisonment of three months, with
the condition of purge being that the property be cleaned up.9 He refused to comply with the
condition of purge, t° and he served the period of incarceration.
Defendant was adjudicated in contempt of the decree for the second time on
September 30, 1996, following a hearing at which the evidence revealed that he had still
done virtually nothing to bring his property into compliance with the court's decree. TM He
again refused to make a commitment to clean up the property,~2 and was sanctioned on
December 2, 1997, by a term of imprisonment of six months, with the condition of purge
being that the property be cleaned up.~3
Defendant was released from prison by agreement of the parties about a week after
his commitment. His release was the result of his representation that he would finally clean
up the premises.14
Plaintiff's third petition for contempt was filed on August 14, 1998.15 The petition
alleged, inter alia, that "Carignan has not cleaned up the subject premises to comply with this
8 Order of Court, May 29, 1996.
9 Order of Court, June 7, 1996.
lo See N.T. 3, Hearing on Commitment of Sentence, June 24, 1996.
~ Order of Court, September 30, 1997. Defendant's appeal to the Commonwealth
Court from this adjudication was eventually quashed as interlocutory. Township of Silver
Spring v. Carignan, No. 2976 C.D. 1997, Order of Court, May 11, 1998.
~2 See N.T. 12, Hearing, December 2, 1997.
13 Order of Court, December 2, 1997.
~4 Order of Court, December 11, 1997. Defendant was placed in an electronic
monitoring program. Id.
is Plaintiff's Third Petition for Adjudication of Civil Contempt, filed August 14, 1998.
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Court's orders,''16 and that, "[f]or more than two years, Carignan has voluntarily, willfully
and intentionally failed to comply with this Court's orders.''~7
The court employed the five-step contempt procedure in dealing with the
municipality's petition subjudice, is The evidence presented at the hearings on the petition
satisfied the court that the condition of the premises had not materially changed since the
initial adjudication finding it to be a public nuisance.
One of Defendant's own witnesses, for instance, a neighbor named Donald W.
Moorhead, engaged in this exchange with the court:
Q Let me just ask you this. Have there been changes
on Mr. Carignan's property? Has it improved? Is it better? Is
it worse? Is it the same? What are your observations?
A I can't see no improvement at all. I see stuff
coming in. I see -- like down along the fence, for example, look
at the golf carts that's sitting down there. Look at that cart that's
halfways down in the -- I think it's a station wagon that's sitting
back by the -- down in the -- down on the ground. No, I haven't
seen no improvements.~9
Mr. Moorhead also testified that "right now, we know there's skunks around, because
we can smell them at night. We can see where they're rubbing .... -20
The evidence included recent photographs of the property,21 which the court was able
to compare with its recollection of the view of the premises which it conducted prior to its
16 Id., paragraph 23.
~7 Id., paragraph 26.
18 See McMahon v. McMahon, 706 A.2d 350, 356 (Pa. Super. Ct. 1998).
19 N.T. 61, Hearing, October I, 1998.
20 Id. at 60.
2x Plaintiff's Exhibit 1, Hearing, October 1, 1998.
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initial adjudication which determined that the property was a public nuisance. The evidence,
in addition, showed that Defendant was continuing to bring items onto the premises.22
Although some items were undoubtedly also taken off the property, the court was not
persuaded by the undocumented testimony of Defendant's spouse that twenty-six vehicles
and thirty-four truckloads of materials had been removed?
At the conclusion of the second hearing on Plaintiff's third petition for contempt, the
municipality argued for a third finding of contempt on the part of Defendant? With respect
to the sanction to be imposed, it made the following suggestion:
... [R]ecognizing the previous incarceration[s] did not
work to induce Mr. Carignan to comply with the order, the
Township would request some limited time for Mr. Carignan to
come into compliance with [the] court orders. We'd request
some judicial authority in the form of a specific court order that
would allow the Township and its agents, representatives,
contractors to enter the premises for purposes of effecting
compliance with the court orders, at Defendant's expense, that
the resulting expense be then conveyed to the Court, and at
which time we would request an in rem judgment and a
municipal lien against the property in order to be certain that the
Township's expenses involved in this cleanup effort can be
collected.
We would further suggest that the court ... direct the
sheriff's deputies to be present at the times of entries onto the
premises by the Township or its agents in order to prevent
and/or avoid any interference with the Township's activities?
In entering the order adjudicating Defendant in contempt for the third time, the court
22 N.T. 36, Hearing, December 9, 1998.
23Id. at30.
24 x/d. at48.
25 Id. at 49.
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accepted the sanction proposed by the township in the form of authorization for municipal
abatement of the nuisance, following a period for voluntary compliance by Defendant?
Defendant's appeal from the order was filed on January 8, 1999. As noted previously,
Defendant has declined to state the grounds for his appeal.
DISCUSSION
Where a court is charged with the function of fact-finding, it "is entitled to weigh the
evidence presented and assess its credibility. The fact-finder is free to believe all, part, or
none of the evidence [presented] .... "Murphy v. Murphy, 410 Pa. Super. 146, 158, 599 A.2d
647, 653 (1991). In the present case, Defendant's property had previously been found to be
a public nuisance, in an adjudication upheld by the Commonwealth Court. Based on the
evidence presented at the most recent hearings, this court found that the condition of the
property had not materially changed in the intervening years, and that Defendant continued
to be in contempt.
With respect to the sanction imposed for the contempt, prior periods of incarceration
with a condition of purge that the property be cleaned up had proven ineffectual. Abatement
of a nuisance by a municipality is not an uncommon remedy, particularly where cooperation
on the part of the person responsible for the nuisance has not been forthcoming. See
generally King v. Township of Leacock, 122 Pa. Commw. 532, 552 A.2d 741 (1989).
For the foregoing reasons, it is believed that this court's order dated December 9,
1998, providing Defendant with a period of thirty days to clean up his property and
authorizing the Plaintiff to effect the cleanup thereafter at Defendant's expense was proper.
26 Order of Court, December 9, 1998.
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Richard C. Snelbaker, Esq.
Philip H. Spare, Esquire
Snelbaker, Brenneman & Spare, P.C.
44 West Main Street
P.O. Box 318
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Attorneys for Plaintiff
Gregg R. Carignan
450 Gettysburg Pike
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055-5170
Defendant pro Se
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