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HomeMy WebLinkAbout305 S 2008DARLENE F. MELLINGER, IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF Plaintiff CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA V. : DOMESTIC RELATIONS SECTION TRAVIS L. MELLINGER, PACSES NO. 089109935 Defendant DOCKET NO. 305 SUPPORT 2008 IN RE: EXCEPTIONS TO SUPPORT MASTER'S REPORT BEFORE OLER, J. OPINION and ORDER OF COURT OLER, J., October 31, 2008 In this child support case, Plaintiff has primary physical custody of the parties' two minor children and Defendant has partial physical custody of the children on alternating weekends and each Wednesday.' Following a hearing before the Cumberland County Support Master, the Master issued a report in which he calculated a monthly net income/earning capacity for support purposes of $2,803.00 for Plaintiff and $1,951.00 for Defendant .2 Accordingly, the Master determined that Defendant's proportionate share of child support should be $893.00 per month, following adjustments for childcare and ' The custody arrangement has not substantially changed since the Master's Hearing held on June 23, 2008; see Order of Court, August 25, 2008, Mellinger v. Mellinger, No. 08-1793 Civil Term (Cumberland County). 2 Support Master's Report and Recommendation at 3 (hereinafter "Master's Report"). Under Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1910.16-2(c)(1), except as otherwise provided in the Rules, net income for the purpose of support is to be determined by a deduction from gross income of the following amounts: federal, state and local income taxes; F.LC.A. payments and non -voluntary retirement payments; union dues; and alimony paid to the other party. health insurance expenses .3 An interim order of court in accordance with the Master's Report and Recommendation was thereafter entered .4 For disposition at this time are Defendant's exceptions to the Support Master's Report. Defendant's exceptions read as follows: 1. The parties hereto are Darlene F. Mellinger, hereinafter "Wife", and Travis L. Mellinger, hereinafter "Husband". 2. The issues that Husband is appealing are the finding that daycare for children is a reasonable expense and the imputation of an earning capacity to Husband that is beyond his actual earnings. 3. Wife has the burden of proof that the daycare expense is a reasonable expense. 4. The Support Master found that the daycare expense was a reasonable expense because Wife had de facto custody by virtue of Wife's unjustified, unilateral, removal of the children from the marital residence, where Husband continues to reside. 5. Husband was not permitted to fully develop the background of the prior daycare arrangement with Husband's parents in the residence of Husband's parents that is adjacent to the marital residence of the parties hereto. 6. Wife was permitted to testify in detail about her asserted reasons why the provision of daycare by Husband's parents, which she used without complaint for months prior to her unjustified, unilateral removal of the children from the marital residence, was unsatisfactory in her view. 7. Husband was not permitted to cross-examine Wife as to all relevant aspects of her general credibility and her specific credibility regarding her assertions of problems with the provision of daycare by Husband's parents, which she used without complaint for months prior to her unjustified, unilateral, removal of the children from the marital residence. 8. Development of Wife's general credibility is particularly pertinent where your Honorable Court in the person of the Honorable J. Wesley Oler, Jr., J., dismissed her Complaint for Protection from Abuse. s Master's Report at 3. 4 Interim Order of Court, dated June 30, 2008. 2 9. Wife's testimony in the hearings on her allegations of abuse would, if believed, have clearly established a prima facie case of abuse. 10. The only permissible conclusion from the dismissal of Wife's Complaint for Protection from Abuse is that Judge Oler did not believe her testimony. 11. Husband has been providing daycare for the children, without incident, every Wednesday since May 14, 2008. 12. Where Husband works from 11:00 P.M. to 7:00 A.M., he is available t provide daycare for the children every day that Wife is at work, and he wants to provide daycare every day. 13. Requiring Husband to contribute thousands of dollars per year so that strangers can watch his children, where Husband is available to provide the daycare, only operates to reward Wife for her unjustified, removal of the children from the marital residence. 14. It is undenied that, prior to Wife's removal from the marital residence without warning, the parties had agreed that Husband would seek other employment even though it would result in a reduced income in the short run, so that he would have more reliable employment that was not seasonal and weather-related. 15. It is undenied that the parties agreed that he would apply for employment where he is presently working. 16. It is undenied that Husband actually filed the application for employment before Wife left the marital residence. 17. It is undenied that after Wife left the marital residence and shortly prior to commencement of his new employment, Husband's prior employer began the process of dissolving the business and liquidating its equipment. 18. Under these circumstances, it was error to impute to Husband an earning capacity that is greater than his actual earnings. s s Husband's Exceptions to Interim Support Order of June 30, 2008, filed July 14, 2008 (hereinafter "Father's Exception No. _"). 3 For the reasons stated in this opinion, Defendant's exceptions will be dismissed, and the interim order of court dated June 30, 2008, will be entered as a final order of court. STATEMENT OF FACTS The plaintiff in this child support action is Darlene F. Mellinger ("Mother"), an individual residing at 846 Alexander Spring Road, Apartment C, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and the defendant is Travis L. Mellinger ("Father"), an individual residing at 298 Creek Road, Newville, Pennsylvania.6 The parties were in on April 2, 2002, and separated on March 14, 2008. They have two children, Tristan Lee Mellinger, born September 22, 2003, and Teagan Reeves Mellinger, born July 26, 2006.8 On April 7, 2008, Mother filed a complaint for child support,9 and a hearing was held on the matter before the Cumberland County Support Master on June 23, 2008. The evidence from the Support Master's Hearing may be summarized as follows: Pursuant to a temporary custody order, Mother had primary physical custody of the children and Father had partial physical custody on alternating weekends and each Wednesday from 7:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.10 Mother was employed by the federal government with the United States District Court in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and had a 6 N.T. 3-4; 30-31. N.T. 4, Support Master's Hearing, June 23, 2008 (hereinafter "N.T. _"); Master's Report at 1. 'N.T. 4; Master's Report at 1. 9 Complaint for Support, filed April 7, 2008. 10 Order of Court, May 12, 2008, Mellinger v. Mellinger, No. 08-1793 Civil Term (Cumberland County). 11 gross bi-weekly income of $1,503.20.11 She paid $181.23 bi-weekly for medical and dental insurance coverage for the family, and had a bi-weekly mandatory retirement deduction of $12.03.12 She was expected to file her 2008 federal tax return as head of household to claim the children as dependency exemptions. 13 As the primary custodian of the children, Mother had placed them in daycare at a commercial daycare center located across the street from her place of employment. 14 The location of the daycare center permitted her to take the children out for lunch or, at times, to bring them into her office to spend time with her during the workday. 15 Mother utilized the daycare center four days a week at a cost of $172.00 per week for both children. 16 The children did not go to the daycare center on Wednesdays, when Father had custody. 17 Prior to April, 2008, when Mother filed for child support, Father was employed at John Walter Excavating ("Walter") earning $18.00 per hour.18 His employment with Walter was weather dependent.19 In 2007, Father earned $25,386.76 at Walter and received an additional $4,212.00 in unemployment compensation benefits due to seasonal " N.T. 4 -5; Master's Report at 1. 12 Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 1; Master's Report at 1. " N.T. 29-30; Master's Report at 1. 14 N.T. 17, 25; Master's Report at 1. " N.T. 25. 16 N.T. 6-7; Master's Report at 2. 17 N.T. 6. " N.T. 38, 44; Master's Report at 2. 19 N.T. 38; Master's Report at 2. 5 layoffs.20 On May 4, 2008, Father voluntarily changed employment and began to work at Carlisle Syntec through Aerotech Commercial Staffing earning $12.30 per hour.21 According to Father, he changed employment because of the unsteadiness of his employment with Walter due to the seasonal nature of the work and because he anticipated that Walter was going out of business. 22 Father further stated that Mother supported his decision to change his employment .23 At the time of the Master's hearing on June 23, 2008, Father was on a ninety -day probationary period at Carlisle Syntec and expected to be hired following the said ninety days.24 During his six weeks of employment at Syntec prior to the hearing, Father had accumulated forty hours of overtime, for which he earned $836.40.25 Father had also earned an additional $700.00 in May, 2008, concluding various projects for Walter.26 His tax filing status was presumed to be married/separate.27 At the time of the hearing, Father had been working the 11:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. shift at Carlisle Syntec from Sunday night until Friday morning.2g Father testified that, in addition to his nightly shift, he generally worked on his parents' farm for approximately 20 N.T. 48; Master's Report at 2. 21 N.T. 41, 52; Defendant's Exhibit 4; Master's Report at 2. 22 N.T. 38-39. 2s N.T. 40, 48. 24 N.T. 41; Master's Report at 2. 2s Defendant's Exhibit No. 4; Master's Report at 2. 26 N.T. 43; Master's Report at 2. 27 Master's Report at 2. 2s N.T. 32; Master's Report at 2. 31 six to eight hours per day.29 He further reported sleeping each evening for four to five hours from approximately 6:00 p.m. until 10:00 P.M .30 Father lived in the marital home on property adjoining his parents' farm .31 At the hearing, Father argued that, instead of taking the children to the daycare center in Harrisburg, Mother should take the children to the family farm where both he and his mother could provide the daycare.32 Prior to the parties' separation, his mother had provided daycare for the children,33 and, under the parties' custody arrangement, his mother helped care for the children each Wednesday.34 Father felt that Mother should bring the children to the farm each morning or meet him at a convenient location to drop off the children, rather than take them to Harrisburg for daycare, so that the children could be with family during the day. 35 Father explained that his work on the farm would not interfere with his watching the children if he had them during the week and that the chores had never been a problem when he had them on Wednesdays.36 Finally, Father urged the Master to deny Mother's claim for Father's proportionate share of daycare 29 N.T. 46-47. so N.T. 47. 31 N.T. 30-31. sz N.T. 32. " N.T. 10, 53-54. 34 N.T. 34. " N.T. 19-20, 36. 36 N.T. 51 7 expenses since, according to Father, the expenses were "unreasonable" in light of the fact that he and his mother could provide the daycare.37 Mother testified that she preferred to take the children to the daycare center in Harrisburg. Not only could she spend time with them during the commute and occasionally during the day when she visited them or took them to her office, but she also felt more comfortable with her children in the daycare center rather than with their father and grandmother.31 Mother testified that, in the past when Father and his mother provided daycare, she found that the daycare was "not reliable" and, as a result, she "was late to work nearly every morning that [she] dropped the kids at their home .„39 Furthermore, according to Mother, the custody exchanges were very tense and involved minimal communication.40 Mother stated that, when she picked the children up from Father or his mother, it was difficult for her to ascertain at what time the children had napped and been fed because Husband's mother was unwilling to speak with her.41 Mother further testified that she did not experience any of these difficulties with the daycare center.42 Father's mother testified at the hearing regarding her ability to provide daycare for the children. She stated that she did not work outside the home and had always been 37 N.T. 19-20,36-38. ” N.T. 11-15, 23-27. 39 N.T. 15. 40 N.T. 23-27. 41 N.T. 26-27. 42 N.T. 26-27. available to provide daycare.43 She also said that she had never been overwhelmed by the responsibility of watching the children and, when Mother asked her questions about the children, she answered the questions.44 Following the hearing, the Support Master issued his Report and Recommendation. Based upon the evidence presented by both parties at the hearing, the Master calculated a net monthly income/earning capacity for support purposes of $2,803.00 for Mother and $1,951.00 for Father.45 With regard to Father's earning capacity, the Master explained in his report that, although Defendant voluntarily changed employment in May, 2008, and was earning $5.70 less per hour at his new job, the Master was using Father's total income from 2007 to calculate his current earning capacity. 46 The Master explained that, in light of the significant overtime received by Father during the first six weeks of his employment at Syntec, "only time will tell whether, in fact, there will be a loss of income."47 Thus, the Master calculated an annual earning capacity for child support purposes of $29,598.00 for Father, and, with a tax filing status of married/separate, a net monthly income of $1,951.00.48 Accordingly, the Master determined that Father's proportionate share of child support was $893.00 per 43 N.T. 53. 44 N.T. 56. 41 Master's Report at 3. 46 Father earned $25,386.00 in wages in 2007 and had unemployment compensation benefits of $4,212.00 during periods of seasonal layoffs. Master's Report at 2-3. 47 Master's Report at 3. 48 Master's Report at 3. 9 month, following adjustments for childcare and health insurance expenses. 49 The Master further noted that, in his opinion, Father did not change employment to avoid support obligations to his children; rather, "[h]e desired to have stable employment without the risk of seasonal layoffs ."50 An Interim Order of Court was issued on June 30, 2008, implementing the Master's recommendations as follows: A. The Defendant shall pay to the Pennsylvania State Collection and Disbursement Unit as support for his children, Tristan L. Mellinger, born September 22, 2003, and Teagan R. Mellinger, born July 26, 2006, the sum of $893.00 per month. B. The Defendant shall pay to the Pennsylvania State Collection and Disbursement Unit the additional sum of $22.00 per month in arrearages. C. The Plaintiff shall provide health insurance coverage for the benefit of said children as is available through employment or other group coverage at a reasonable cost. D. The monthly support obligation includes cash medical support in the amount of $250.00 annually for unreimbursed medical expenses incurred for each child. Unreimbursed medical expenses of the children that exceed $250.00 annually shall be allocated between the parties. The party seeking allocation of unreimbursed medical expenses must provide documentation of expenses to the other party no later than March 31st of the year following the calendar year in which the final medical bill to be allocated was received. The unreimbursed medical expenses of the child are to be paid as follows: 41% by Defendant and 59% by Plaintiff. E. The effective date of this order is April 7, 2008 .51 Father's exceptions to the Support Master's Report were filed on June 14, 2008. 49 Master's Report at 3. so Master's Report at 3. 51 Interim Order of Court, dated June 30, 2008. 10 DISCUSSION Statement of Law Review of Exceptions to Support Master's Report. The standard of review of a support master's report and recommendation is well settled. While the report "is to be given the fullest consideration, especially with regard to the credibility of witnesses," the findings and conclusions are advisory rather than binding. Goodman v. Goodman, 375 Pa. Super 504, 507, 544 A.2d 1033, 1035 (1988); see McCurdy v. McCurdy, No. 02-0097 Support (slip op.) (Cumberland Co. 2002) (Hess, J.). Thus, with respect to the issues raised by exceptions to a master's report, "[i]t is the sole province and responsibility of the [trial] court to set an award of support, however much it may choose to utilize the master's report." Goodman v. Goodman, 375 Pa. Super. 504, 507-08, 544 A.2d 1033, 1035 (1988). Although the court will afford great deference to the recommendations made in the support master's report, it is not bound by them. Tagnani v. Tagnani, 439 Pa. Super. 596, 600, 654 A.2d 1136, 1138 (1995). The reviewing court therefore has a duty to make a complete and independent review of all evidence, including an analysis of the weight and credibility to be given to the testimony of the witnesses. Goodman v. Goodman, 375 Pa. Super. 504, 507, 544 A.2d 1033, 1035 (1988); Gomez v. Gomez, I I Phila. Co. Reptr. 211, 226-27 (1984). Furthermore, in the process of a court's independent review of a support master's recommendations, the court is to give the master's report the "fullest consideration," 11 particularly with respect to the credibility of witnesses. Gomez v. Gomez, 11 Phila. Co. Rptr. 211, 226-27 (1984). In this regard, it is the master who had "the opportunity to observe and assess the behavior and demeanor of the [witnesses]." Moran v. Moran, 2003 PA. Super. 455, ¶9, 839 A.2d 1091, 1095. Therefore, the master is "in a better position than th[e] court to pass upon the credibility of [the] witnesses." Wiegand v. Wiegand, 259 Pa. Super. 72, 74, 393 A.2d 722, 723 (1978). Determination of Earning Capacity for Child Support Purposes. Both parents share a responsibility to provide support to their children to the extent that their respective incomes and earning capacities allow them to do so. Depp v. Holland, 431 Pa. Super. 209, 213, 636 A.2d 204, 206 (1994); Mooney v. Doutt, 2001 PA Super. 12, ¶6, 766 A.2d 1271, 1273. The determination of a parent's ability to pay is based upon the parent's earning capacity and not his or her actual earnings. Mooney v. Dout, 2001 PA Super. 12, ¶6, 766 A.2d 1271, 1273. A parent's earning capacity is the amount that he or she can realistically be expected to earn under the circumstances considering his or her "age, education, training, health, work experience, earnings history, and child care responsibilities." Portugal v. Portugal, 2002 PA Super. 132, ¶6, 798 A.2d 246, 250; see also Riley v. Foley, 2001 PA Super. 266, ¶5, 783 A.2d 807, 811. It is settled law that a party cannot voluntarily reduce his earnings in an attempt to circumvent his support obligation. Weiser v. Weiser, 238 Pa. Super. 488, 491, 362 A.2d 287, 288 (1976). In fact, the court views any sudden reduction in income with suspicion. See Perlberger v. Perlberger, 426 Pa. Super. 245, 626 A.2d 1186 (1993). Therefore, where a party assumes a lower paying job or willfully fails to obtain appropriate 12 employment, the support obligation is determined by his or her assessed earning capacity rather than his or her actual earnings. Portugal v. Portugal, 2002 PA. Super. 132, ¶6, 798 A.2d 246, 250 (2000). Reasonableness of Daycare Expenses. Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure No. 1910.16-6 provides as follows: Support Guidelines. Adjustments to the Basic Support Obligation. Allocation of Additional Expenses. (a) Child care expenses. Reasonable child care expenses paid by either parent, if necessary to maintain employment or appropriate education in pursuit of income, shall be allocated between the parties in proportion to their net incomes and added to his and her basic support obligation... A third -party daycare expense may be found reasonable even if a party is available and willing to provide daycare at no cost. In Funk v. Funk, 376 Pa. Super. 76, 545 A.2d 326 (1988), the Superior Court overturned the trial court's decision to not order reimbursement of third -party childcare expenses when the mother was unemployed and offered to watch the children while the father worked. The trial court had reasoned that, although the proposed childcare arrangement was unacceptable to the father, "from an economic standpoint, it would seem to make a great deal of sense if that were to be done as it would provide more money for both families and there [was] apparently no testimony ... as to what adverse affect that might have on the children. ,52 Sz Funk v. Funk, 376 Pa. Super. 76, 84-85, 545 A.2d 326, 331 (1988). 13 Disagreeing with the trial court, the Superior Court stated as follows "[t]he appellant, who is also a custodial parent, wants the children to attend a respected daycare facility after school. Certainly, the trial court's discretion is not so broad as to allow the court to deny arbitrarily the custodial father's reasonable wishes regarding child care .,53 Thus, the Superior Court supported the father's decision to place his children in a daycare center and ordered contribution from the wife for the expense. Likewise, in Mooney v. Doute, 2001 PA Super. 12, 766 A.2d 1271, the Superior Court upheld the trial court's decision to assign a portion of third -party childcare expenses to a noncustodial father even though he was unemployed and willing to provide the care. APPLICATION OF LAW TO FACTS Determination of Father's Earning Capacity. As discussed above, Father's earning capacity is that amount he realistically can be expected to earn under the circumstances, considering his age, health, physical and mental condition, education and training. Portugal v. Portugal, 2002 PA Super. 132, ¶6, 798 A.2d 246, 250; see also Riley v. Foley, 2001 PA Super. 266, ¶5, 783 A.2d 807, 811. In the present case, the Support Master found that, based on the evidence, Father had an annual earning capacity for support purposes of $29,598.00, and, with a tax filing status of married/separate, a net monthly income of $1,951.00.54 Father asserts that the Support Master erred in assessing his earning capacity. " Funk v. Funk, 376 Pa. Super. 76, 86, 545 A.2d 326, 332 (1988). 14 Husband's Exception No. 2; Master's Report at 3. 14 An imputed earning capacity of $29,598.00 is, in the court's view, appropriate based on what Father can realistically be expected to earn considering the record established at the hearing. At the time Mother filed her complaint for child support in April, 2008, Husband had been employed with Walter, earning $18.00 per hour.ss However, shortly after Mother filed for child support, Father voluntarily changed employment and began working at Carlisle Syntec, through Aerotech Commercial Staffing, earning $12.30 per hour — significantly less than the $18.00 per hour he had been earning at Walter. A party who voluntarily changes employment resulting in a reduction in income has the burden of demonstrating that the change was not made for the purpose of avoiding a child support obligation and that he or she has made efforts to mitigate the loss of income. Grimes v. Grimes, 408 Pa. Super. 158, 163, 596 A.2d 240, 242 (1991). After reviewing the hearing transcript, the court finds itself in agreement with the Support Master that Father did not change employment to avoid his support obligation; rather, Father desired to have reliable employment without the prospect of lay-offs .56 Moreover, Mother supported Father's decision to change employment even though it would temporarily result in a reduced hourly rate. " In 2007, Father earned $25,386.00 in wages and had unemployment compensation benefits of $4,212.00, during periods of seasonal layoffs. 16 Father testified at length about his unease surrounding the weather -dependent nature of his employment with Walter's. He also stated that he was concerned that Walter's was going out of business in the near future. N.T. 38-39. 15 Although the court recognizes that Father's hourly rate was reduced by his change of employment, the evidence presented at the hearing failed to show that his total income would be reduced. Of particular relevance is the fact that, in his first six weeks of employment at Syntec prior to the hearing, Father received significant overtime .57 Thus, as the Support Master noted, only time will tell whether there will be a loss in Father's income. In fact, Father's total income may actually increase in 2008. The court is therefore of the view that, considering the record established at the hearing, an earning capacity equivalent to his total wages and unemployment compensation for 2007 is appropriate based on what Father can realistically be expected to earn. The court notes that, if Father does not receive overtime or a pay increase in the future, he is entitled to petition the court to modify the support order. Reasonableness of Daycare Expenses. Father contends that Wife's daycare expense of $172.00 per week is unreasonable and should not be allocated between the parties because he and his mother are willing to provide daycare for the children .5' Based upon the thoroughly developed record from the hearing, including the fact that Mother is the primary physical custodian of the children, the court finds the daycare expenses claimed by Mother reasonable and necessary, and the allocation of the expenses between the parties, appropriate. 57 His Aerotech pay stub shows that Father earned $3,788.40 gross in the five weeks between his start date, May 4, 2008, and the date of the pay stub, June 14, 2008. Defendant's Exhibit 4. " Husband's Exception No. 2. Father has been bearing $261.00 of the $745.00 monthly cost, with Mother paying the remaining $484.00. 16 The two young children clearly need a daycare provider since Mother, who is the primary physical custodian, works fulltime. As the primary custodian, she has chosen to place the children in a commercial daycare center across the street from her office at a cost which is entirely reasonable. However, Father argues that paying for a third -party daycare provider is unreasonable and, at the hearing, gave the Master a rather complete explanation as to why he believed he and his mother should provide the primary daycare to the children.59 While the court certainly finds Husband's desire to provide the daily daycare to the children understandable, the court simply cannot overlook the challenges that both parties would face if Husband and his mother were to provide the daycare. Husband works a substantial amount of hours each day between his job at Syntec and his work on the family farm. Consequently, his mother would have to bear much of the burden that comes with providing daily daycare. Moreover, Mother testified that, although Father and his mother care for the children each Wednesday pursuant to the custody order, she is simply not comfortable with them watching the children every day. After reviewing the hearing transcript, the court is in agreement with the Support Master and supports Mother's decision to use a daycare center. 60 Thus, the cost of daycare is an s9 N.T. 31-38, 47, 51-52. 60 The court notes that, in his Report and Recommendation, the Support Master seems to find Mother's testimony credible despite Father's argument that she was in fact not credible. The court is to give the master's report the "fullest consideration," particularly with respect to the credibility of witnesses, Gomez v. Gomez, 11 Phila. Co. Rptr. 211, 226-27 (1984), for it is the master who had the opportunity to observe and hear the testimony of the witnesses. Bearing this in mind, independent review of the testimony by the court has led it to the same conclusion as reached by the Master, that Mother's concerns about Father providing the primary childcare are valid. Furthermore, the court places great emphasis on the custodial Mother's wishes regarding childcare. See Funk v. Funk, 376 Pa. Super. 76, 86, 545 A.2d 326, 332 (1988). 17 expense that is necessary for Mother to maintain her employment and should therefore be allocated between the parties. A daycare expense of $172.00 per week is a reasonable and will be allocated between the parties in accordance with Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1910.16-6. For the foregoing reasons, the following order will be entered:61 ORDER OF COURT AND NOW, this 31st day of October, 2008, upon consideration of Defendant's exceptions to the Support Master's Report, and for the reasons stated in the accompanying opinion, the exceptions are dismissed and the interim order of court dated June 30, 2008, is entered as a final order of court. 61 Although Defendant complains in his exceptions that his cross-examination of Mother was curtailed by the Master at the master's hearing with respect to "all relevant aspects of her general credibility and her specific credibility regarding her assertions of problems with the provision of daycare by Husband's parents," neither Defendant's brief no the exceptions request that the case be remanded for development of a more complete record. Furthermore, the person who presides over a hearing must be afforded some latitude in controlling the extent of cross-examination in the interests of maintaining an orderly process: It is well established that the scope and limits of cross-examination are within the discretion of the trial judge and [the trial judge's exercise of judgment in setting those limits] will not ... be reversed in the absence of a clear abuse of that discretion, or an error of law. Commonwealth v. Birch, 532 Pa. 563, 566, 616 A.2d 977, 978 (1992) (citation omitted); see Schmiedel v. Nealy, 50 Cumberland L.J. 59, 70-71 (2000). An examination of the record of the master's hearing reveals that the Master more than adequately protected the right of both counsel to bring out facts pertaining to Plaintiff's credibility, without permitting the introduction of collateral custody and protection from abuse issues. See N.T. 7-29. For these reasons, relief will not be afforded to Defendant based upon the contention that the Master improperly limited his cross-examination of Plaintiff. Michael R. Rundle, Esquire Support Master Cumberland County Domestic Relations Office 9 North Hanover Street Carlisle, PA 17013 Carol J. Lindsay, Esquire 26 West High Street Carlisle, PA 17013 For Plaintiff Wayne F. Shade, Esquire 53 West Pomfret Street Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013 For Defendant 19 BY THE COURT, s/ J. Wesley Oler, Jr. J. Wesley Oler, Jr., J. 20 21 DARLENE F. MELLINGER, IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF Plaintiff CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA V. : DOMESTIC RELATIONS SECTION TRAVIS L. MELLINGER, PACSES NO. 089109935 Defendant DOCKET NO. 305 SUPPORT 2008 IN RE: EXCEPTIONS TO SUPPORT MASTER'S REPORT BEFORE OLER, J. ORDER OF COURT AND NOW, this 31st day of October, 2008, upon consideration of Defendant's exceptions to the Support Master's Report, and for the reasons stated in the accompanying opinion, the exceptions are dismissed and the interim order of court dated June 30, 2008, is entered as a final order of court. BY THE COURT, J. Wesley Oler, Jr., J. Michael R. Rundle, Esquire Support Master Cumberland County Domestic Relations Office 9 North Hanover Street Carlisle, PA 17013 Carol J. Lindsay, Esquire 26 West High Street Carlisle, PA 17013 For Plaintiff 23 Wayne F. Shade, Esquire 53 West Pomfret Street Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013 For Defendant