HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-3845 - CivilMICHELLE RENEE LYNN VARNER,
Plaintiff
V.
BRANDON GLENN HOLLEY,
Defendant
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY,
PENNSYLVANIA
02-3845 CIVIL TERM
INDIRECT CRIMINAL CONTEMPT
IN RE: 1925 OPINION
HOFFER, P.J.:
The defendant appeals from our Order of December 6, 2002, finding him to
be in indirect criminal contempt of a Protection from Abuse Order. Sentence was
probation for six months and costs of prosecution.
The defendant voluntarily signed a protection from abuse order ("PFA') in
favor of the plaintiff on August 16, 2002. The defendant was a minor [age of
seventeen, with date of birth November 9, 1984] on that date and was
unrepresented by counsel when he signed the PFA. His signature was
witnessed by his juvenile probation officer, Michael Rose. The order prohibited
the defendant from, among other things, having "ANY CONTACT with the
Plaintiff...at any location, including but not limited to any contact at Plaintiff's
school, business, or place of employment." The order specifically prohibited the
defendant from going to the plaintiff's residence in Newville and from going near
Saylor's Market in Newville ("Saylor's"), which was the plaintiff's place of
employment.
On November 29, 2002, the plaintiff, Michelle Varner, had been employed
at Saylor's for approximately one year. The plaintiff did not have a regular
schedule at Saylor's but worked a variety of shifts in that year. On November 29,
the plaintiff was working at one of the checkout counters at Saylor's. At
approximately 6:45 PM the defendant entered Saylor's, picked up items in the
store, and went through the line to purchase them. The defendant did not
approach the plaintiff or go through the checkout counter where the plaintiff was
working. While he was inside Saylor's the defendant made eye contact with the
plaintiff and gave her "dirty looks" as he passed her to walk out of Saylor's. The
plaintiff left work that night and called Officer Finkey of the Newville Police
Department to report the incident. The plaintiff made a written statement at the
police station on December 2nd recounting the November 29th incident at
Saylor's. That evening, December 2nd, Officer Finkey exited the Newville station
and found the defendant walking around outside. Officer Finkey asked the
defendant to step into the station, which he did. Officer Finkey read the PFA
order to the defendant and the defendant acknowledged being aware of the
order. The defendant admitted to Officer Finkey that he was at Saylor's on
November 29th, 2002, and told officer Finkey that someone~ had previously
advised him that the plaintiff was no longer employed there.
~ Officer Finkey testifed at the hearing on December 6, 2002 that the defendant was not specific as to who told him
that the plaintiff no longer worked at Saylor's Market.
DISCUSSION
The overriding purpose of the Protection from Abuse Act ("PFAA"), 23 Pa.
Cons. Stat. § 6101 et seq., and of a Protection From Abuse Order is to allow
courts to act swiftly to protect victims of continuing domestic abuse.
Commonwealth v. Snell, 1999 PA Super. 185, 189, 737 A.2d 1232, 1235 (Pa.
Super. 1999). The purpose of imposing contempt sanctions for a violation of a
PFA order forbidding one from threatening another is to prevent the ultimate
harm such threats foretell.
Pa. Super. LEXIS 4648,
Commonwealth v. Baker, 722 A.2d 718, 724, 1998
17 (Pa. Super, 1998) (Orie, J., dissenting). The
defendant did not merely enter Saylor's, purchase groceries, and leave. While in
Saylor's on November 29th,
plaintiff that frightened her.
the defendant cast intimidating glances at the
This is not a de minimis infraction but rather a
knowing and willful violation of the express terms of the PFA order.
To categorize the defendant's blatant disregard for the PFA order as a de
minimis infraction is to emasculate the issuance of the PFA. Because the PFA
seeks to prohibit future abuse and threats of abuse, a knowing and voluntary
breach of this nature cannot be tolerated.2
The defendant argues that the underlying purpose of the PFA order in this
case was not violated because no physical contact or harm resulted. The court
: The defendant argues that his actions constitue a de m inimis violation of the law and therefore the prosecution
should be dismissed in accordance with 18 Pa.C.S. § 312(a)(3) which states:
(a) General Rule.-The court shall dismiss a prosecution if, having regard to the nature of the conduct charged to
constitute an offense and the nature of the attendant circumstances it finds that the conduct of the defendant:
has broad discretion to prevent the ultimate physical harm that results from
abuse and threats of abuse. If the overriding purpose of the Protection from
Abuse Act is to protect victims of domestic abuse3, then the overriding goal of the
protective order was undermined in this case. The PFA failed to protect Ms.
Varner on November 29th, and, in fact, she testified that she was scared of the
defendant when she saw him at Saylor's Market.
enough to have caused her physical harm even
opportunity to do so. The defendant breached the
The defendant was close
if he did not act on the
PFA first by entering the
market, secondly by not immediately exiting the store after seeing the plaintiff
working there, and lastly by casting menacing glances at her.
The Commonwealth has proven beyond a reasonable doubt, as required
by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in Baker that (1) the order was definite,
clear, specific and left no doubt or uncertainty in the mind of the person to whom
it was addressed of the conduct prohibited; (2) the contemnor had notice of the
specific order or decree, (3) the act constituting the violation was volitional; and
(4) the contemnor acted with wrongful intent. Commonwealth v. Baker, 564 Pa.
192, 198,766 A.2d 328 (2001).
The defendant argues that the Commonwealth failed to present sufficient
evidence that he acted with the requisite "wrongful intent." He argues that
because he offered to Officer Finkey the lame excuse that "someone" told him
(2) did not actually cause or threaten the harm or evil sought to be prevented by the law defining the
offense or did so only to an extent too trivial to warrant the condemnation of conviction.
3 Commonwealth v. Snell, 1999 PA Super. 185, 189, 737 A.2d 1232, 1235 (Pa. Super. 1999).
that the plaintiff was no longer employed at Saylor's when he visited the store on
November 29th, he could not have acted with wrongful intent. But even if the
defendant actually believed that the plaintiff was no longer employed there, he
nonetheless intentionally and wrongfully violated a court order to stay away from
Saylor's for the duration of the order, which will not expire until February 15,
2004. That prohibition is not conditioned on the plaintiff's continued employment
at Saylor's.
In addition, the defendant acted with wrongful intent when he glared at the
plaintiff and gave her "dirty looks" at her place of employment. The PFA prohibits
the defendant from abusing, stalking,
any place where she might be found.
harassing and threatening the plaintiff in
The dirty looks complained of were both
harassing and threatening to the plaintiff.
The underlying PFA order in this case is a valid one. It was voluntarily
signed by the defendant. The defendant argues that it is invalid as he was an
unrepresented minor when he signed the PFA on August 16, 2002. But the PFA
states on the first page that "[d]efendant, Brandon Glenn Holley, a minor, is
unrepresented, but has been advised of his right to counsel in this matter."
Because the defendant was made aware of his right to counsel but waived it in
this matter, and because he signed the PFA order knowingly and willingly, the
PFA order is valid. While minors in this state are generally afforded many
protections to ensure that their legal rights are not violated, this Court will not
invalidate an otherwise valid agreement merely because a minor has chosen to
appear pro se.