HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-3420 / 01-2718 CivilAHM ASSOCIATES, a general
partnership, SAMUEL L. ANDES
and CARLTON E. HUGHES,
Plaintiffs
VS.
ROBERT M. MUMMA, II,
Defendant
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION - EQUITY
98-3420 CIVIL
ROBERT M. MUMMA, II,
Plaintiff
VS.
SAMUEL L. ANDES and
CARLTON E. HUGHES,
individually and d/b/a AHM
ASSOCIATES,
Defendants
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
NO. 01-2718 CIVIL
IN RE: PETITION TO DISSOLVE PARTNERSHIP
OPINION AND ORDER
This case involves a longstanding dispute between the partners of AHM Associates. This
partnership developed and operated real estate improved with commercial office buildings at
1007 Mumma Road and 1011 Mumma Road in Wormleysburg, Cumberland County,
Pennsylvania. The partnership was formed in 1982. By 1997 disagreements arose concerning
the refinancing of partnership debt and other matters. By 1999 it became apparent that the
partnership could not continue and all three of the partners, Samuel L. Andes, Carlton E. Hughes,
and Robert M. Mumma, II, agreed to dissolve the partnership and liquidate its assets. The
partnership agreed to list 1011 Mumma Road and 1007 Mumma Road for sale. An offer was
received from one Charles Davis and the offer was accepted by all three partners. Problems
arose when one of the tenants in one of the buildings elected to exercise a right of first refusal.
Mr. Mumma then undertook to block the sale of the real estate. The remaining partners, Andes
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and Hughes, filed a petition seeking, inter alia, a declaratory judgment that Andes and Hughes
constituted a majority of the partnership of AHM and could take necessary action to sell and
convey the real estate to Davis. This relief was granted. Mr. Mumma filed no appeal from this
order. In our opinion and order of September 20, 2000, we observe that all of the partners of
AHM were in agreement that the partnership would be dissolved and its assets sold. The only
disagreement concerned the identity of the buyer.
The attempt to sell to Davis was eventually unsuccessful. AHM then received an offer
from Duquesne University to purchase 1007 Mumma Road. That property was subsequently
sold to Duquesne University at a contract price of $850,000. The 1011 Mumma Road property
was sold to KJ Capital for a purchase price of $1,935,000. The proceeds from these two sales
were distributed between the parties with an amount being reserved for the payment of taxes,
professional fees and the resolution of financial claims as between the parties.
On May 30, 2002, Mr. Andes and Mr. Hughes filed a petition asking the court to
recognize the dissolution of the partnership, ratify actions taken by the partnership in winding up
its affairs, and dissolve the remaining disputes between the partners. The petition was filed at
both the equity docket, number 98-3420, and the civil law docket at 01-2718. Both parties have
acceded to a procedure whereby, in an effort to expedite resolution of these controversies, they
would submit to the court a statement of issues which remain to be resolved in the case and any
financial damages related thereto. A list of Mr. Mumma's complaints was duly forthcoming in a
letter from Mr. Milspaw to Mr. Gilroy dated January 3, 2003. This letter was marked as
Defendant's Exhibit No. 1 at our hearing on April 7, 2003. We will discuss those issues seriatim
but first feel compelled to make some general comments.
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We are satisfied that the order of September 20, 2000, was a final order and thus any
attempt to revisit the holding after the appeal period has expired is inappropriate. The order
granted a request for declaratory judgment and in essence granted an equitable or injunctive
remedy by expressly permitting two partners, over the objection of a third, to consummate a real
estate transaction. Actions granting declaratory relief are expressly made "final" by statute. See
42 Pa.C.S.A. 7532. Likewise, the grant of injunctive relief triggers an interlocutory appeal as a
matter of right. See Pa.R.A.P. 311.
Even were our prior orders now appealable or subject to further review, we continue to
adhere to our earlier interpretation of 15 Pa.C.S. 8331. In his proposed findings, the defendant
contends that we "incorrectly quoted" from this statute. We did not intend to quote the statute
but rather paraphrase it. We continue to believe, in the context of this case, that once all three
partners had agreed to sell their real estate, then any differences of opinion with respect to
proposed purchases and purchase prices could be resolved by a majority. This is not to suggest
that a majority of partners is at liberty to make decisions to the financial detriment of a minority
partner. We are satisfied, in fact, that that did not happen in this case. To the contrary, the
aggressive and astute actions of the majority partners rescued the partnership from the quagmire
which was most certain to ensue from minority control.
Mr. Mumma's first specific complaint is that the equity action commenced in 1998 was
begun in bad faith and that there was an absence of any factual or legal basis therefore. He seeks
attorney's fees in connection with that litigation. There is no basis to award Mr. Mumma
attorney's fees particularly in light of the fact that he did not prevail in the underlying litigation.
Rather, the judgment was for the other side.
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Next, Mr. Mumma faults his partners for accepting the offer of Duquesne University to
purchase 1007 Mumma Road. This sale, however, generated an additional $10,000 over and
above the sale price that Mumma had agreed to with respect to the sale to Davis. Moreover,
Andes and Hughes testified credibly that Mr. Mumma could not be trusted to go through with his
agreement and that, in the meantime, an excellent opportunity to make the sale to Duquesne
would be lost.
The Duquesne sale resulted in the opportunity of all three partners for a sizable deduction
on their 2001 income tax returns based on a charitable contribution. Mr. Mumma, however,
objected to that portion of the transaction providing for a charitable contribution.
Notwithstanding, he has refused to provide any evidence, from his tax returns or otherwise, in
support of his contention that he could not claim the charitable deduction.
Mr. Mumma also objects to the partnership paying the rather nominal expense for a
private security firm. The security officer monitored Mr. Mumma's review of partnership
records. In light of their earlier difficulties with Mr. Mumma, it was entirely reasonable for the
majority partners to incur this expense to maintain the integrity of the partnership records.
Mr. Mumma also objects to the payment of a $3,000 bonus to Mr. Andes's secretary.
This is money which the partnership would have paid in any event. Mr. Andes testified that he
received a $3,000 payment on an annual basis as a fee for handling the administrative affairs of
AHM. He decided, in the last year, to forego that payment and pay his secretary the money
instead. Mr. Andes had every right to redirect this payment which would have been made to him
in any event.
Mr. Mumma also objects to AHM paying $36,000 for leasehold improvements without
his consent. Mr. Mumma has failed to produce any evidence, however, suggesting that he was
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harmed in any way by this expenditure or that the expenditure was not made in good faith. It is
also important to note that Mr. Mumma did not object to the expenditure until after it was made.
Mr. Mumma also contends that Mr. Andes and Mr. Hughes should be surcharged with respect to
some $81,400 for HVAC improvements. Again, he has failed to show how he has been harmed
in any way by this expenditure. To the contrary, the work was completed by H. B. McClure for
$20,000 less than the estimate given by the contractor favored by Mr. Mumma. Moreover, Mr.
Mumma did not voice objection to awarding the work to H. B. McClure until after McClure had
been directed to proceed.
It appears that all three partners had agreed to put money in the partnership to take care of
the HVAC improvements. Mr. Mumma, however, reneged on a verbal commitment to do so and
would not contribute money to cover McClure's bill. Mr. Andes and Mr. Hughes, therefore,
were obliged to contribute approximately $40,000 each to cover the McClure bill. That money
was eventually paid back to them by the corporation. This is money which the corporation
would have been obliged to spend in any event. Thus, once again, Mr. Mumma fails to show
how he has suffered any financial loss as a result of the actions of his other two partners.
Mr. Mumma also claims unspecified financial damages because other expenditures
exceeding $2,000 were made without his express written consent in violation of the partnership
agreement. The partnership agreement, sub judice, does indeed prohibit the creation of liabilities
in excess of $2,000 without the written consent of all three partners. Mr. Mumma, however, is
unable to demonstrate any financial harm that has been done to him by any of these
expenditures. Moreover, this provision of the partnership agreement was largely ignored for a
period of twenty years. Such conduct of the parties modified the contract effectively waiving the
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enforcement of this clause. See Somerset Community Hosp. v. Allan B. Mitchel & Assocs. Inc.
et al.., 685 A.2d 141 (Pa. Super. 1996).
Mr. Mumma also alleges lack of good faith and a breach of fiduciary duty by Mr. Andes
and Mr. Hughes for failing to keep proper books and records and by making it difficult for Mr.
Mumma to examine the books and records of the partnership. No testimony was presented
during the hearings of this matter relative to improperly kept books. Moreover, it is clear that
Mr. Andes made the partnership records available for Mr. Mumma's inspection normally by
appointment. It was Mr. Mumma, and not Mr. Andes, who appeared to be incapable of mutual
accommodation with respect to the times and dates for inspection.
Mr. Mumma also makes general allegations of a conspiracy on the part of the partners to
squeeze him out of the partnership to his financial detriment. It is clear that over the years, of the
three partners, Mr. Mumma has become the "odd man out." This is not surprising. His behavior
has been obstructionist (if not irrational). Mr. Andes and Mr. Hughes are unquestionably entitled
to take steps to protect the investment of all three partners. This they have done.
Finally, Mr. Mumma complains with respect to certain specific acts of his partners: (1)
in demanding that he execute refinance documents with Corestates Bank; (2) in not compelling
Brown-Shultz meet its obligation to purchase 1007 Mumma Road; (3) in failing to cure any
default of the provisions of the Partnership Agreement requiring unanimity of action; and (4) in
opening a new bank account on behalf of the partnership. None of these actions have caused any
harm to Mr. Mumma. Mr. Mumma's refusal to execute the refinance documents ultimately led
to the dissolution of the partnership. It was Mr. Mumma who obstructed the settlement with
Brown-Shultz. Mr. Hughes and Mr. Andes properly elected not to demand the forfeiture of a
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deposit made by Brown-Shultz for fear that had they done so, legal action would have been taken
against them.
Finally, we deal with the issue of whether or not the attorneys' fees incurred by the
majority partners should be paid by the partnership. The general rule is, of course, that each
party is responsible for his own counsel fees. See Hankin v. Hankin_, 487 A.2d 1363 (Pa. Super.
1985). This is so unless the award of counsel fees is expressly authorized by law. There are
indeed more than a few exceptions to the general rule. For example, counsel fees are awardable
for obdurate or vexatious conduct in the course of litigation. 42 Pa.C.S.A. 2503. Attorneys' fees
are also recoverable in mortgage foreclosure actions, 41 P.S. 406, and also where a debtor
prevails in opening a confessed judgment against residential real property. 41 P.S. 503.
Authority for the payment of counsel fees may be found, also, in the so-called "common fund
doctrine." This doctrine was discussed in Couy v. Nardei Enterprises, 587 A.2d 345 (Pa. Super.
1991):
It is the American rule that parties to adversary
litigation are required to pay their own counsel
fees. The common fund doctrine, a common law
exception to this rule, has been statutorily codified
at subdivision (8) of § 2503. Jones v. Muir, 511
Pa. 535, 515 A.2d 855 (1986). In essence, the
common fund doctrine applies when an attorney's
services:
protect a common fund for administration
or distribution under the direction of the
court, or where such fund has been raised for
like purpose, it [the fund] is liable for costs
and expenses, including counsel fees incurred.
This is the case even though the protection
given or the raising of a fund results from
what may be properly termed adversary
litigation. Hempstead v. Meadville Theological
School, 286 Pa. 493, 134 A. 103 (1926).
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In other words, when several people have a
common interest in a fund, the assets of which may
be created through adversary litigation, and one or
more of these people, for the benefit of all, but at
their own cost and expense, bring suit to administer
or preserve that fund, the court will order plaintiff
or plaintiffs to be reimbursed for costs and
expenses, including counsel fees, from the property
of the fund, or order those benefited to contribute
proportionately toward that expense. Pennsylvania
Association of State Mental Health Hospital
Physicians v. State Employees' Retirement Board,
87 Pa. Cmwlth. 108, 483 A.2d 1003 (1984).
Id. at 346.
The argument advanced by Mr. Andes and Mr. Hughes is that their counsel was
instrumental in protecting partnership assets and in advancing the interest of the partnership.
There are similarities between this contention and the common fund doctrine. The litigation
involved here, however, while ultimately resulting in a benefit to all of the partners was
adversary to a member of the partnership. We do not believe that this is the situation
contemplated in 42 Pa.C.S.A. 2403(8). Nor are we able to find any other express authority for
the award of counsel fees. Accordingly, we are satisfied that each side to this dispute should
bear their own attorneys' fees.
ORDER
AND NOW, this
day of March, 2004, the court finds that the partnership of
AHM Associates is and ought to be DISSOLVED. The partners are directed to proceed with
winding up the affairs of the partnership by the filing of all necessary tax returns and the
payment of any additional outstanding obligations of the partnership including those relative to
the preparation of those returns. Thereafter, the remaining partnership assets, consisting of cash
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and two bank accoums, shall be dispersed in equal shares between the three partners with any
appropriate adjustment for previously paid counsel fees.
BY THE COURT,
Hubert X. Gilroy, Esquire
For AHM Associates, Andes and Hughes
Luther E. Milspaw, Jr., Esquire
For Mumma
:rlm
Kevin A. Hess, J.
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AHM ASSOCIATES, a general
partnership, SAMUEL L. ANDES
and CARLTON E. HUGHES,
Plaintiffs
VS.
ROBERT M. MUMMA, II,
Defendant
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION - EQUITY
98-3420 CIVIL
ROBERT M. MUMMA, II,
Plaintiff
VS.
SAMUEL L. ANDES and
CARLTON E. HUGHES,
individually and d/b/a AHM
ASSOCIATES,
Defendants
AND NOW, this
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
NO. 01-2718 CIVIL
PETITION TO DISSOLVE PARTNERSHIP
BEFORE HESS. J.
ORDER
day of March, 2004, the court finds that the partnership of
AHM Associates is and ought to be DISSOLVED. The partners are directed to proceed with
winding up the affairs of the partnership by the filing of all necessary tax returns and the
payment of any additional outstanding obligations of the partnership including those relative to
the preparation of those returns. Thereafter, the remaining partnership assets, consisting of cash
and two bank accounts, shall be dispersed in equal shares between the three partners with any
appropriate adjustment for previously paid counsel fees.
BY THE COURT,
Kevin A. Hess, J.
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Hubert X. Gilroy, Esquire
For AHM Associates, Andes and Hughes
Luther E. Milspaw, Jr., Esquire
For Mumma
:rlm