HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-2006 CivilDAVID CRANE AND IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
SAMANTHA CRANE, CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
PLAINTIFFS
V.
DEMITRIOUS KARAGIANNIS, (a/k/a
JAMES KARAGIANNIS, JIMMY
KARAGIANNIS), PHYLLIS
KARAGIANNIS, KARAGIANNIS, INC.,
SIERRA MADRE (a/k/a SIERRA
MADRE SALOON, SIERRA MADRE
RESTAURANT),
DEFENDANTS 03-2006 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS OF DEFENDANTS
TO PLAINTIFFS' COMPLAINT
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., February 23, 2004:--
Plaintiffs, David Crane and Samantha Crane, instituted this suit against
defendants, Demitrious Karagiannis, (a/k/a James Karagiannis, Jimmy Karagiannis),
Phyllis Karagiannis, Karagiannis, Inc., Sierra Madre (a/k/a Sierra Madre Saloon, Sierra
Madre Restaurant), by filing a writ of summons on April 28, 2003. The writ was not
served. It was reinstated on June 9, 2003. The Sheriff served the writ on counsel on
June 20, 2003. Plaintiffs filed a complaint on December 13, 2003, and mailed it to
counsel. The complaint sets forth causes of action for negligence and assault and
battery resulting in injury to David Crane arising out of an altercation on October 17,
1997, at the Sierra Madre in Hampden Township, Cumberland County. Samantha
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
Crane seeks damages for loss of consortium.
On January 2, 2004, defendants filed preliminary objections averring that the writ
of summons and complaint should be stricken for lack of proper service. Pennsylvania
Rule of Civil Procedure 400(a) provides, with some exceptions not applicable here, that
"original process shall be served within the Commonwealth only by the sheriff." Rule
402 provides that original process shall be served on the defendant and sets forth the
way in which it can be accomplished. Service on counsel is not one of those ways.1
Rule 401(a) provides that, "Original process shall be served within the Commonwealth
within thirty days after the issuance of the writ or the filing of the complaint." Rule
401 (b)(1) provides that, "the prothonotary upon praecipe and upon presentation of the
original process, shall continue its validity by reissuing the writ .... "Rule 401(b)(2)
provides that, "A writ may be reissued.., at any time and any number of times."
On October 14, 1999, plaintiffs originally sued defendants herein and several
other defendants in the United States District Court for the Middle District of
Pennsylvania, for damages arising out of the altercation at the Sierra Madre on October
17, 1997. On June 16, 2000, the District Court dismissed all of plaintiffs' federal claims
and declined to exercise jurisdiction over their state law claims. On March 27, 2003,
the order was affirmed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Counsel for the within defendants represented them in the federal case.
1 Rule 402(b) provides that "In lieu of service under this rule, the defendant or his
authorized agent may accept service of original process by filing a separate document
-2-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
Plaintiffs argue that the writ of summons and the complaint in the present case
were properly served on defense counsel as a continuation of the federal case, thus
there was no requirement for the writ of summons to be served on the defendants in
this case. In Ferrari, $.P.A.v. Antonacci, 689 A.2d 320 (Pa. Super. 1997), the
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, interpreting the Judicial Code, 42 Pa.C.S. § 5103,
stated:
... Section 5103 allows a matter to be transferred according to its
provisions and permits the matter to be treated as filed on the date
originally filed with the district court ....
Section 5103 has been interpreted to be applicable in situations
such as this where a federal court dismisses an action due to lack of
jurisdiction. We have held that a litigant should file a certified transcript of
the final judgment of the federal court and a certified transcript of the
pleadings from the federal action, rather than new pleadings in the state
court. Williams v. F.L. Smithe Mach. Co., Inc. [395 Pa. Super 511
(1990)]. The trial court in this case properly cited to the cautionary
language of Williams which advised parties of the applicability of Section
5103 to situations as found in this case, and the need to act with
promptitude. However, for the benefit of both bench and bar, we now
emphasize that in order to protect the timeless of an action under 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 5103, a litigant, upon having his case dismissed in federal
court for lack of jurisdiction, must promptly file a certified transcript of the
final judgment of the federal court and, at the same time, a certified
transcript of the pleadings from the federal action. The litigant shall not
file new pleadings in state court.
Plaintiffs did not avail themselves of the transfer provision in Section 5103.
Therefore, based on the reasoning of the Superior Court we conclude that plaintiffs'
writ of summons was not a continuation of the federal case where service of documents
on counsel would have been authorized because original process had been served on
[of acceptance of service]."
-3-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
defendants.
Alternatively, plaintiffs argue that since defense counsel represented defendants
in federal court on causes of action arising out of the same incident for which causes of
action are now filed in this case, and the federal court declined to exercise jurisdiction,
counsel had a reasonable basis for concluding that defense counsel would continue to
represent defendants and accept service of documents or otherwise notify them that
service would not be accepted. In Lamp v. Heyman, 469 Pa. 465 (1976), the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania held that a cause of action will remain effective only if the
plaintiff, "refrains from a course of conduct which serves to stall in its tracks the legal
machinery that he has just set in motion." The Court stated:
[W]e now conclude that there is too much potential for abuse in a rule
which permits a plaintiff to keep an action alive without proper notice to a
defendant merely by filing a praecipe for a writ of summons and then
having the writ reissued in a timely fashion without attempting to
effectuate service. In addition, we find that such a rule is inconsistent
with the policy underlying statutes of limitation of avoiding stale claims,
and with that underlying our court rules of making the processes of justice
as speedy and efficient as possible .... Our purpose is to avoid the
situation in which a plaintiff can bring an action, but, by not making a
good-faith effort to notify a defendant, retain exclusive control over it
for a period in excess of that permitted by the statute of limitations.
(Emphasis added.) (Footnote omitted.)2
In Leidich v. Franklin, 394 Pa. Super. 302 (1990), the Superior Court of
Pennsylvania stated that, "There is no mechanical approach to apply to determine what
: The current preliminary objections do not involve a statute of limitations issue. Any
statute of limitations issue must be raised in new matter pursuant to Pa. Rule of Civil
Procedure 1030(a).
-4-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
constitutes a good faith effort to effectuate service, though the plaintiff has the burden
of showing his efforts were reasonable." In Rosenberg v. Nicholson, 408 Pa. Super.
-5-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
502 (1991), the Superior Court stated, "Service of process upon the defendant is
designed to provide him with notice of the lawsuit. Notice is extremely important, as it
The Court concluded
is the constitutional touchstone for the power of the court to act."
that:
[I]t is not necessary the plaintiff's conduct be such that it constitutes some
bad faith act or overt attempt to delay before the rule of Lamp will apply.
Watts v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., 353 Pa. Super. 267, 509 A.2d
1268 (1986), appeal denied, 514 Pa. 632, 522 A.2d 559 (1987). Simple
neglect and mistake to fulfill the responsibility to see that
requirements for service are carried out may be sufficient to bring
the rule in Lamp to bear. Weiss v. Equibanl(, 313 Pa. Super. 446, 460
A.2d 271 (1983). Thus, conduct that is unintentional that works to
delay the defendant's notice of the action may constitute a lack of
good faith on the part of the plaintiff. Id. (Emphasis added.)
The present case is not a situation where a writ of summons was filed and there
was no attempt to effectuate service. Plaintiffs' counsel filed a writ of summons on April
28, 2003, reinstated it, and served it on defense counsel on June 20, 2003. Counsel
then sent defense counsel a complaint on December 13, 2003. On these facts there
was no bad faith in plaintiffs' counsel's belief that defense counsel had
accepted service of the writ of summons and the complaint. Defense counsel, (1)
never notified plaintiffs' counsel that he would not accept service, (2) never sent the
documents back to counsel, and (3) waited until January 2, 2004, to file preliminary
objections averring that the writ of summons and the complaint should be stricken for
lack of proper service. In Breinig v. Newburg Walker & Rogers A Joint Venture, et
al., 14 Carbon County L.J. 223 (1995), plaintiff, on May 6, 1991, instituted suit by a writ
-6-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
of summons against numerous defendants. Two of the defendants, Frank Chiapetta
and Blasting Analysis International (BAI), were not served. In September, 1991,
plaintiffs filed a complaint but made defective service against Chiapetta. Chiapetta
gave that complaint to his attorney who told him to do nothing because he was not
properly served. The attorney was representing Chiapetta and BAI generally, and he
was also defending two other cases arising out of the same project which was the
subject of this suit. On October 24, 1994, Chiapetta's and BAI's attorney filed
preliminary objections attacking the court's jurisdiction for lack of personal service.
President Judge Lavelle dismissed the preliminary objections holding, inter alia, that
the defense attorney's:
[c]onduct constituted a waiver of personal service and Chiapetta and BAI
are subject to the jurisdiction of this court. To rule otherwise would, in
effect, grant a judicial imprimatur to defense stealth tactics which we find
both unacceptable in legal practice and unworthy of a member of the bar.
We believe that when a lawyer receives and thereby accepts
service of legal documents from another lawyer in a lawsuit, he is duty
bound by his oath to the court and the bar to disclose his interest and
role, whether official or unofficial, in the case. At the very least, the
attorney should return the documents to the sending lawyer with a
message to send no more.
The day of "snap" judgments and ambush motions for dismissal of
cases due to technical defects in pleading is now over. The notion that a
lawyer must protect a client by any means has also long passed. A
lawyer has a higher duty to the court and to the interests of justice than to
his or her client. That duty requires the utmost candor, honesty and trust
in dealing with opposing counsel and the court.
In the case sub judice, if defense counsel was not inclined or authorized to
accept service of the writ of summons, when he was counsel of record for the same
-7-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
defendants in a companion case involving the same incident in federal court, he should
have immediately notified plaintiffs' counsel. Plaintiffs' counsel was undoubtedly
careless in not nailing down service of the writ of summons. The rule in Lamp is to
prevent a plaintiff from causing delay in "the legal machinery that he has set in motion."
We believe that Judge Lavelle hit the nail on the head in Breinig. For defense counsel
to have received the writ of summons on June 20, 2003, and waited for over a half year
until January 2, 2004, to file preliminary objections averring lack of proper service, does
not warrant our dismissing the suit. We find that there was a waiver of personal service
of the writ of summons and complaint. See Gembusia v. Phelabaum, 48 Cumberland
L.J. 233 (1999). There was no delay in the legal machinery that had been set in
motion.
Alternatively, defendants maintain that the complaint should be dismissed
because plaintiffs have not stated a valid cause of action for negligence and assault or
alternatively plaintiffs should be compelled to file a more specific pleading. We have
examined the complaint and are satisfied that plaintiffs have adequately pled facts in
support of their causes of action.
For the foregoing reasons, the following order is entered.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of February, 2004, the preliminary objections of
defendants to plaintiffs' complaint, ARE DISMISSED.
By the Court,
-8-
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
Jeffrey J. Wood, Esquire
Thomas & Associates
3111 North Front Street
Harrisburg, PA 17110
For Plaintiffs
Todd B. Narvol, Esquire
Thomas, Thomas & Hafer, LLP
305 North Front Street
P.O. Box 999
Harrisburg, PA 17108
For Defendants
:sal
-9-
DAVID CRANE AND
SAMANTHA CRANE,
PLAINTIFFS
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
DEMITRIOUS KARAGIANNIS, (a/k/a
JAMES KARAGIANNIS, JIMMY
KARAGIANNIS), PHYLLIS
KARAGIANNIS, KARAGIANNIS, INC.,
SIERRA MADRE (a/k/a SIERRA
MADRE SALOON, SIERRA MADRE
RESTAURANT),
DEFENDANTS
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS OF DEFENDANTS
TO PLAINTIFFS' COMPLAINT
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this
day of February, 2004, the preliminary objections of
defendants to plaintiffs' complaint, ARE DISMISSED.
By the Court,
Jeffrey J. Wood, Esquire
Thomas & Associates
3111 North Front Street
Harrisburg, PA 17110
For Plaintiffs
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
Todd B. Narvol, Esquire
Thomas, Thomas & Hafer, LLP
305 North Front Street
P.O. Box 999
Harrisburg, PA 17108
03-2006 CIVIL TERM
For Defendants
:sal