HomeMy WebLinkAboutCP-21-JV-0014-2004 IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CP-21-JUVENILE 14 - 2004
IN THE MATTER OF K. S., born November 24, 2003
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO Pa. R.A.P. 1925
Guido, J., July ,2004
After a hearing on March 19, 2004 we found K.S. to be a dependent child. Father
has filed this timely appeal. He contends that the finding of dependency was in error
because he "was ready, willing, and able to provide parental care" and the agency "did
not sustain its burden of showing that Father was not fit or capable of providing said
care.''~ For the reasons hereinafter set forth, we were satisfied by clear and convincing
evidence that the child was dependent.
K.S. was born on November 24, 2003. Although not married, mother and father
lived together at all relevant times. At the time of the child's birth, mother tested positive
for cocaine and marijuana.2 She admitted to using marijuana and cocaine throughout her
pregnancy.3 Father denied any knowledge of mother's drug usage.4
Despite the positive drug results, the Agency did not file a petition to have the
child declared dependent. Rather she was allowed to go home with her parents subject to
their cooperating with the Agency and complying with the terms of a safety plan. 5
Despite his knowledge of mother's drug use, father allowed the child to remain home
See Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal.
See CYS Exhibit 8 and Transcript of Proceedings, p. 51.
See CYS Exhibit 7.
Transcript of Proceedings, p. 51.
The plan required both parents to abstain from drag use and to submit to random drug screens.
CP-21-JUVENILE 14 - 2004
alone with her on January 8, 2004.
rendered unconscious.
father returned home.
At 10:00 a.m. she overdosed on heroin and was
The six week old child remained unattended for six hours until
Upon finding his unconscious paramour, he immediately
summoned an ambulance.6
As a result of the above incident the child was placed into emergency foster care.
While she was returned to her parents briefly on the night of January 11, 2004, she was
removed again the next day when the agency determined that the safety plan was
inadequate.?
Pursuant to the original safety plan formulated at the child' s birth, both mother
and father had agreed to submit to random drug screens. We will focus on father's
participation in the drug screens since mother's addiction is not in issue.8 Between the
child's birth and the date of the hearing father had been asked to submit to several
random drug screens. He failed to take five of the requested tests. On one occasion he
"could not provide a sample" (urine).9 On another he did not show because "he would be
too tired to take the test".~° On three occasions, he did not respond to messages left on
his answering machines, including one weekend where 19 messages were left on his
home phone, his cell phone, and another phone number he had provided. ~ Of the drug
screens he did provide at least two were positive for cocaine. ~2
6 Transcript of proceedings, p. 54.
7 Transcript of proceedings, p. 55-56. The Agency also determined that the parties had violated the terms
of that safety plan. Id.
8 Because of mother's obvious addiction, she entered an inpatient drag and alcohol treatment program
sometime after the January 8, 2004 incident. At the time of the hearing she was doing very well and was
ready to have the child reunited with her while she completed the remainder of the program.
9 Transcript of proceedings, p. 44.
l0 Transcript of proceedings, p. 45.
~ Transcript of proceedings, p. 45-46.
~2 Counsel for father argued that the chain of custody had not been established sufficiently to allow
admission of the four positive test results. However, there was no question as to the appropriateness of the
CP-21-JUVENILE 14 - 2004
Although father's positive results were not particularly high, they were significant
given all the other factors present in this case. The results were consistent with an
intermittent user of the drug.~3 Further, we noted that cocaine clears the system relatively
quickly. 14 Given father' s extensive drug involvement we concluded that he knew this
fact.~5 That would explain his refusal (or professed inability) to take the test on some
occasions, and his failure to show up on others. It would also explain the relatively low
levels of cocaine in his system on the dates he provided positive samples. ~6
Of equal or greater concern was father's callous disregard for his child's safety in
light of mother's extensive drug usage. When mother tested positive for drugs at the
child's birth, father adamantly denied any knowledge of her drug addiction. ~7 We found
this denial to be incredible. Rather, we were satisfied that he was aware of both mother's
addiction and her drug usage throughout the pregnancy. ~8 Notwithstanding his
knowledge of her obviously severe addiction, he allowed the child to be alone with her
for an extended period of time. Consequently, the child was placed in danger on January
8, 2004.
chain of custody for the specimens provided on January 13 and January 15, 2004. See Transcript of
proceedings, March 19, 2004, pp. 2-4.
~3Transcript of proceedings, p. 38.
~4 Transcript of proceedings, p. 24.
~s In 1994 father had been convicted of delivering 13 1/: ounces of cocaine in New Jersey. In 1999, while
he was still on parole for the New Jersey crime, he was convicted of cocaine delivery in this county, for
which he received a 15-30 month sentence. (Transcript of proceedings, p. 87).
16 We found father's explanation that the samples resulted from his casual handling of the drug to be totally
unbelievable. As Dr. Krooks noted positive tests caused by casual handling are "rare". (Transcript of
proceedings, p. 26). We also found father's denial of cocaine use to be well beyond the realm of
credibility.
~ 7 Transcript of proceedings, pp. 51-52.
~8 A search of the parties' apartment in October resulted in the recovery of some drugs which were sitting
on a coffee table in the living room, drug paraphernalia, weapons, a large amount of cash, and a picture of
mother smoking drugs in a bong. See CYS Exhibit 1.
CP-21-JUVENILE 14 - 2004
We were convinced that K. S' s parents both had need for treatment to address their
drug problems. ~9 Mother had begun treatment and was progressing nicely. Father was in
denial and refused to begin any type of treatment. Under those circumstances and in
light of all the other facts in this case, we were convinced that the child was dependent
and that it was not safe for her to return home. Stated another way, we were satisfied that
the Agency had presented clear and convincing evidence that K.S. was "without parental
care or control.., necessary for (her) physical, mental or emotional health, or morals."
42 Pa. C.S. § 6302.
DATE
Edward E. Guido, J.
Lindsay Dare Baird, Esquire
Jacqueline M. Verney, Esquire
Brian Bornman, Esquire
Karl Rominger, Esquire
CCC&Y
Juvenile Probation
:sld
19 Angie McKee conducted father's drag and alcohol evaluation. We believed her when she testified that
he needed inpatient drug treatment.