HomeMy WebLinkAboutCP-21-CR-1958-2002COMMONWEALTH
JACK N. WAULK, JR.
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CP-21-CR-1958-2002
IN RE: PETITION FOR POST-CONVICTION COLLATERAL RELIEF
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., October 1, 2004:--
On January 22, 2003, Jack N. Waulk, Jr., was convicted by a jury of aggravated
assault, a felony in the first degree.1 On March 18, 2003, he was sentenced to pay the
costs of prosecution, make restitution in the amount of $178.40 to Gregory Bryan,
$34,902.18 to Pennsylvania Blue Shield, $454.70 to the Pennsylvania Victims
Compensation Program, and undergo imprisonment in a state correctional institution for
a term of not less than six years or more than twenty years. With new counsel, he filed
a direct appeal from the judgment of sentence to the Superior Court of Pennsylvania.
On March 24, 2004, the Superior Court affirmed?
On May 26, 2004, Waulk filed a petition for post-conviction collateral relief. An
attorney was appointed to represent him.
petition for post-conviction relief was filed.
2004.
On June 25, 2004, a counseled amended
A hearing was conducted on August 16,
18 Pa.C.S. § 2702(a)(1).
850 A.2d 16 (Pa. Super. 2004).
CP-21-CR-1958-2002
Petitioner seeks a new trial on a claim that his trial counsel and appellate
counsel were ineffective. In his amended petition, he avers:
Trial counsel failed to call to testify on Waulk's behalf one Marty
Frenden. Mr. Frenden was the bartender at Wanda's on the night of the
incident involving Waulk and the victim Greg Bryan. Frenden provided a
statement to the Commonwealth on the night of the incident, which was
provided to Mulderig during discovery. Frenden, unlike the
Commonwealth's witnesses, was in the best location to observe Waulk's
actions toward Bryan, and nowhere in his statement does he mention
repeated punching or kicking of Bryan by Waulk.
Trial counsel also failed to object to Commonwealth's Exhibit 2.
The exhibit, a depiction of the interior of Wanda's, did not show a pole
located near the bar area. Had this pole been shown on the diagram or
the diagram so corrected to indicate its presence, the jury could have
considered whether Mr. Bryan's facial injuries were in fact caused by
striking the pole, rather than Waulk's fist.
Appellate counsel was ineffective because counsel "failed to ask
for a post-sentence evidentiary hearing as it pertained to Frenden's
testimony."
In Commonwealth v. McGill, 832 A.2d 1014 (Pa. 2003), the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania stated:
42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2)(ii) requires a PCRA petitioner to "plead
and prove by the preponderance of the evidence... [t]hat the conviction
or sentence resulted from... [i]neffective assistance of counsel which, in
the circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the truth-
determining process that no reliable adjudication of guilt or innocence
could have taken place." In Commonwealth v. Pierce, 567 Pa. 186, 786
A.2d 203, 213 (2001), we explained that, to be entitled to relief on a claim
of ineffective assistance of counsel, the PCRA petitioner must satisfy a
three-pronged test and demonstrate that: (1) the underlying substantive
claim has arguable merit; (2) counsel whose effectiveness is being
challenged did not have a reasonable basis for his or her actions or
failure to act; and (3) the petitioner suffered prejudice as a result of that
counsel's deficient performance. See also Strickland v. Washington, 466
U.S. 668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674 (1984). (Footnote omitted.)
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When represented on a direct appeal with different counsel than trial counsel,
petitioner, in order to prevail on a layered ineffectiveness post-conviction claim
sufficient to warrant relief if meritorious, must plead, present and prove the
ineffectiveness of appellate counsel for failing to allege that trial counsel was
ineffective and develop each prong of the Pierce test as to appellate counsel's
representation. Id. In the case sub judice, appellate counsel did raise a claim in the
direct appeal that trial counsel was ineffective.3 The Superior Court of Pennsylvania,
citing the general rule set forth by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in
Commonwealth v. Grant, 813 A.2d 726 (Pa. 2002), and finding that there was no
exceptions that general rule as set forth in Commonwealth v. Blick, 840 A.2d 1025
(Pa. Super. 2004), concluded:
[w]e must dismiss Appellant's ineffective assistance of trial counsel claim
without prejudice to Appellant's right to seek relief on this claim under the
Post-Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
Accordingly, we must now analyze the current claim of ineffectiveness of trial
counsel under the Pierce standards. As set forth in an opinion dated June 12, 2003,
filed pursuant to Pa. Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925 on petitioner's direct appeal,
the evidence at trial in a light most favorable to the Commonwealth was:
GREGORY BRYAN testified that on June 27, 2002, he attended
the graduation of his daughter from the Computer Leaning Center. The
graduation was held in the ballroom of a Holiday Inn in Hampden
Township, Cumberland County. Because of a severe thunderstorm, the
3 The other issues raised in the direct appeal were the sufficiency of the evidence to
support the conviction of aggravated assault, and a challenge to the sentence.
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electricity went out and the ceremony was cut short. Michelle Bryan, the
daughter's mother and Bryan's ex-wife, was at the ceremony with her
boyfriend, defendant, Jack Waulk. Gregory Bryan and defendant had
never met. When the ceremony stopped, Bryan, his ex-wife and
defendant agreed to have a drink together in a bar in the hotel. While in
the bar, Bryan and his ex-wife talked about their daughter and their past
while the men each drank two beers. Defendant became jealous, and
said he heard Bryan was an "asshole." Bryan asked him where he heard
that and defendant said, "1 check my women out very carefully before I
make them my girlfriend." Bryan then told defendant that he heard from
his daughter that defendant was an "asshole." He said, "This looks like it
irritates you that I'm finally getting along with my ex-wife." Defendant said
that it did. Bryan said, "1 really don't think that there is anything you're
going to be able to do about it." Defendant said, "Why don't we go
outside and I'll show you what I can do." Bryan said sarcastically, "Right."
That is the last thing he remembered while at the bar.
The following four witnesses who were in the bar did not know any
of the persons involved in this incident.
MICHELLE WALTER saw three people sitting across from her at
the bar. She testified:
The man fell off his barstool, and the man who was doing
the hitting went over above him and proceeded to hit him
with both hands. And, again, because of the height of the
bar, similar to this, I could see him drawing his legs back to
kick him but couldn't see the kicks actually hitting his body,
but I assume he was hitting and kicking... A lot of times. I
a couple of times winced and turned away because I wasn't
counting, obviously, the punches.
The witness was asked:
And you said there was a motion that could have been a
kick. Did you see more than one of those or just one?
She answered "Yes, more than one." She further testified: "[t]he
bartender kind of pushed him [defendant] away, and other men came out
to kind of get him away from the man being hit .... "
MALINDA SUE RETTINGER was with Michelle Walters. She
testified that she saw the victim fall to the ground off a barstool backward
and away from the bar. Defendant then bent over and hit the victim with
his fists while the victim was on the ground. The bartender and some
security guards pulled defendant away from the victim. Defendant was
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"struggling and kicking, trying to like - almost like he was trying to
continue to hit him and kick him."
DON.ALE) $OBR testified that he was diagonally across the bar
from the victim and defendant. He saw the victim slide off the barstool.
Defendant was trying to strike him as he was going down. It took
approximately four to five bouncers to get him out of the bar.
ROBERT GEES"AM"AN testified that he was on an outside deck
and heard a commotion. He looked into the bar and saw the victim on the
floor in a "fetal position" with someone bent over him. He testified that "it
looked like he was taking punches, maybe moving his feet, but I couldn't
say for sure that's what he was doing. I saw that movement." Geesaman
testified that bouncers took away the defendant and that it was hectic and
there was a commotion in getting him out of the bar.
As a result of this incident, Gregory Bryan's eye was ruptured, the
retina was torn, and the lens was knocked into the middle of the eye. He
had a broken nose, fractured right cheekbone, and broken facial bones in
the area of his sinuses and eye. He had cuts on his chin and ear, the ear
requiring stitches. He had scrapes on his elbows and one knee. He
continues to have ringing in the injured ear. He is blind in his eye. At the
time of trial he had three surgeries on his eye and there will be more. He
will not recover full vision.
DISCUSSION
As part of discovery the District Attorney provided trial counsel with a copy of a
statement written by the bartender, Marty Frenden, to the police on the evening of the
incident, June 27, 2002:
I was in the DJ both [sic] herd [sic] a thump one guy on the floor by SP-1
bar the other guy being push [sic] away by a girl I went over there to help
her then I got the one guy to leave made it to the beer bar then I saw
security they came over to help then the guy lost it then we had to drag
him out side [sic].4
When called to testify at the post-conviction hearing, Frenden, when asked "did
you see that fight," answered: "1 was there but I don't remember." He did remember
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providing his written statement to the police after the incident. Frenden was asked if he
remembered being contacted by appellate counsel and another person on April 23,
2003. He testified: "1 don't remember what I told them. I don't remember the incident. I
don't remember," and "1 didn't want to sign anything because I did not remember
anything, and I wasn't too sure about the stuff." Appellate counsel made the following
notes of the discussion:
On April 23 (yesterday) Bob Tarman and I spoke with Marty while
he was working at Wanda's. Marty gave the following description of what
he observed:
Marty was in the DJ's booth, approximately 15 feet away from
where the incident occurred. Prior to the incident, he said the three
parties were sitting at the corner of the bar closest to the booth. The
lights had gone out. There were not very many people in the bar at the
time.
When in the booth, Marty heard a thud and looked over the
counter to see what happened. His vision to where the incident occurred
was unobstructed. He saw Greg lying on the floor and Jack standing over
him. He also heard a woman screaming. He immediately came around
the counter and reached Jack within a matter of seconds. He did not see
Jack kick or swing (try to hit) the man on the floor. According to Marty.
[sic] Jack was still upright and bending slightly over Greg who was lying
on the floor. Marty grabbed Jack from behind, apparently in a bear hug.
Jack then took a swing at Marty but missed him. Marty began pulling
Jack away and towards the exit. When he got approximately ten feet
away, he saw three security guards coming toward him, so he handed
Jack over to them.
In Commonwealth v. Hall, 701 A.2d 190 (Pa. 1997), the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania stated:
In order to make a claim of ineffectiveness for failure to interview and/or
present a witness, appellant must prove: (1) the existence and availability
4 The statement was unsigned.
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of the witness; (2) counsel's awareness of, or duty to know of the witness;
(3) the witness' willingness and ability to cooperate and appear on behalf
of appellant; and (4) the necessity of the proposed testimony in order to
avoid prejudice.
In the present case, Marty Frenden was in the office of the District Attorney
during the trial. The Commonwealth did not call him as a witness. Defense counsel
had attempted to contact him prior to trial but was unsuccessful. He did not issue a
subpoena for Frenden or was he aware that he was in the courthouse during the trial.
Even if Frenden had testified for the defense consistent with what he said in his
statement written on the evening of the incident, or if the written statement had been
admitted into evidence as a hearsay exception as past recollection recorded, it did not
add anything to the testimony of others? After being sucker punched, four witnesses
testified that petitioner continued to attack Gregory Bryan and strike him with his fist
while he was lying on the floor. Three witnesses testified that they saw defendant
moving his feet in a kicking motion while Bryan was on the floor. In Frenden's
statement to the police he said he heard a thump. When he looked, petitioner was
5 In Commonwealth v. SaI-Mar Amusements, Inc., 630 A.2d 1269 (Pa. Super. 1993),
the Superior Court of Pennsylvania stated that there are two methods by which notes
are utilized at trial. One is using them to refresh the memory of a witness. The other:
[i]s past recollection recorded whereby a party, who offers a witness with
no memory of an event, is permitted to admit into evidence a writing that
memorializes the event. In the case of a past recollection recorded, it is
the written document itself that is offered into evidence in place of the
testimony of the witness, and the party offering the document is required
to prove that the document/notes were made at or near the time of the
event and while the witness had a clear and accurate memory of it. See
Commonwealth v. Cooley, 484 Pa. 14, 398 A.2d 637, 641 (1979).
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already being pushed away by a girl. He was not clear how long Bryan was on the floor
before he looked to see the girl pushing petitioner away. Some people saw more of the
incident than others. The failure of trial counsel to elicit this evidence did not prejudice
petitioner in that it did not undermine the truth-determining process so that no reliable
adjudication of guilt took place.
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CP-21-CR-1958-2002
While the notes appellate counsel took from a discussion with Frenden on April
23, 2003, almost ten months after the incident, contained more detail than in the
statement he made to the police on the day of the incident, it does not differ materially
from his written statement. When Frenden looked, Bryan was already on the floor and
petitioner was standing over him. It is not clear how long Bryan was on the floor before
he looked. Under any circumstances, these notes taken long after the incident would
not be admissible because Frenden testified at the post-conviction hearing that when
he talked to counsel he "did not remember anything, and I wasn't too sure about the
stuff." Counsel's recollection of the discussion did not refresh his recollection.
Lastly, the evidence at the suppression hearing clearly showed that the pole that
was not shown on the diagram marked as Exhibit Number 2, while in the area of the
bar, was not near the place where Bryan fell after being struck by Waulk so that it could
have caused any of his injuries.
order is entered.
AND NOW, this
For all of the reasons set forth above, the following
ORDER OF COURT
day of October, 2004, the petition of Jack N. Waulk,
Jr., for post-conviction relief, IS DENIED.
By the Court,
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
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CP-21-CR-1958-2002
Jaime Keating, Esquire
Assistant District Attorney
Ellen K. Barry, Esquire
For Petitioner
:sal
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COMMONWEALTH
JACK N. WAULK, JR.
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CP-21-CR-1958-2002
IN RE: PETITION FOR POST-CONVICTION COLLATERAL RELIEF
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of October, 2004, the petition of Jack N. Waulk,
Jr., for post-conviction relief, IS DENIED.
By the Court,
Jaime Keating, Esquire
Assistant District Attorney
Ellen K. Barry, Esquire
For Petitioner
:sal
Edgar B. Bayley, J.