HomeMy WebLinkAbout2005-1718 Civil
LOWER ALLEN TOWNSHIP,
APPELLANT
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
V.
ZONING HEARING BOARD OF
LOWER ALLEN TOWNSHIP,
APPELLEE
V.
BERNARD L. DRAISEY AND
ESTHER E. DRAISEY,
INTERVENORS
05-1718 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: APPEAL FROM THE GRANT OF A VARIANCE
BEFORE BAYLEY. J. AND GUIDO. J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., November 14, 2005:--
Intervenors, Bernard L. Draisey and Esther E. Draisey, are the owners of 1552
Main Street in the village of Lisburn, Lower Allen Township, Cumberland County. The
property is zoned R-1 under the Lower Allen Township Zoning Ordinance. In an R-1
zone, density on a property with an on lot water supply andlor sewage disposal system
is restricted to one residential dwelling per gross acre.1 Intervenors have an on lot wel1.2
The property is .7 acres, with frontage of 186.4 feet on Main Street, and depths of 125
feet along the eastern boundary and 178 feet along the western boundary. There is a
1 Section 222-14(B)(1).
05-1718 CIVIL TERM
dwelling house, block garage and other outbuildings located on the eastern side of the
property. The current use of the property is a legal non-conforming use.
A variance was sought to subdivide the property into two lots, one .3 acres and
the other .4 acres. The existing improvements would be on the .3 acre lot. Another
residence would be constructed on the .4 acre lot. The application was heard by a
hearing officer of the Lower Allen Township Zoning Board, who granted the variance,
finding:
3. The Applicant has requested a variance because both proposed lots
will be less than one acre of area.
4. The unusual configuration of the subject property and the location of
the improvements create an unnecessary hardship.
5. A variance is necessary to enable the reasonable development of
subject property.
6. The unnecessary hardship has not been created by the Applicant.
7. The requested variance will not alter the essential character of the
district in which the property is located, nor substantially or permanently
impair the appropriate use or development of adjacent property, nor be
detrimental to the public welfare.
8. The requested variance will represent the minimum variance to afford
rei ief.
9. The Zoning Hearing Board is authorized to attach reasonable
conditions and safeguards to the granting of a variance.
Lower Allen Township filed the within appeal. Having not taken additional
evidence, our scope of review is whether there was an error of law or an abuse of
discretion in the grant of the variance. See Great Valley School District v. Zoning
Hearing Board of East Whiteland Township, 863 A.2d 74 (Pa. Commw. 2004). An
abuse of discretion is where findings are not supported by substantial evidence. Id.
2 Their property is served by a public sewer.
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Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as
adequate to support a conclusion. Id.
Under the Municipalities Planning Code at 53 P.S. Section 1091 0.2(a), and the
Lower Allen Township Zoning Ordinance at Section 220-223(C), the requirements for
the grant of a variance are:
(1) That there are unique physical circumstances or conditions, including
irregularity, narrowness, or shallowness of lot size or shape, or
exceptional topographical or other physical conditions peculiar to the
particular property and that the unnecessary hardship is due to such
conditions and not the circumstances or conditions generally created by
the provisions of the zoning ordinance in the neighborhood or district in
which the property is located.
(2) That because of such physical circumstances or conditions, there is
no possibility that the property can be developed in strict conformity with the
provisions of the zoning ordinance and that the authorization of a
variance
is therefore necessary to enable the reasonable use of the property.
(3) That such unnecessary hardship has not been created by the
appellant.
(4) That the variance, if authorized, will not alter the essential character of
the neighborhood or district in which the property is located, nor
substantially or permanently impair the appropriate use or development of
adjacent property, nor be detrimental to the public welfare.
(5) That the variance, if authorized, will represent the minimum variance
that will afford relief and will represent the least modification possible of
the regulation in issue. In granting any variance, the Zoning Hearing
Board may attach such reasonable conditions and safeguards as it may
deem necessary to implement the purpose of this chapter.
Lower Allen Township maintains, inter alia, that there are no unique physical
characteristics or conditions peculiar to the property imposing unnecessary hardship on
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05-1718 CIVIL TERM
the owners that warrants the grant of the variance. We agree. The variance as
granted would allow for another non-conforming use on a .4 acre tract, and would make
the remaining use on the .3 acre tract even less conforming to the one acre
requirement in the Zoning Ordinance. In Klanke v. Zoning Hearing Board of
Adjustment of the City of Pittsburgh, 83 Pa. Commw. 441 (1984), an applicant
sought to use a property as a three family dwelling. A zoning ordinance allowed for
only a two family dwelling. The Commonwealth Court concluded that since the
structure could be legally used as a two family dwelling, the applicant had not met a
burden of proving unnecessary hardship, based on the physical characteristics of the
property, of not being able to use it as a three family dwelling. In the present case, the
residential use of the property is a legal non-conforming use. There is no unnecessary
hardship created because another residence cannot be constructed on the property.
The Zoning Hearing Board, citing Hertzberg v. Zoning Board of Adjustment of
the City of Pittsburgh, 721 A.2d 43 (Pa. 1998), in which the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania stated that ". . . [t]he quantum of proof required to establish unnecessary
hardship is indeed lesser when a dimensional variance, as opposed to a use variance,
is sought," suggests that unnecessary hardship has somehow still been proven under
this reduced burden of proof. Hertzberg, however, is not applicable because here the
variance sought is for relief from a prohibited use of the property and not from a
dimensional requirement. Contrary to the finding of the hearing officer, the irregular
configuration of the property and the location of the improvements do not create an
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05-1718 CIVIL TERM
unnecessary hardship because the lot itself is not large enough to allow two residences
on the property. Accordingly, we conclude that the finding of the Zoning Hearing
Officer that "[T]he unusual configuration of the subject property and the location of the
improvements create an unnecessary hardship," is not supported by the substantial
evidence, and that it was an error of law to grant the variance. Accordingly, the
following order is entered.3
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this
day of November, 2005, the grant of a variance for
the property at 1552 Main Street, Lower Allen Township, Cumberland County, IS REVERSED.
By the Court,
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
David H. Martineau, Esquire
321 North Front Street
P.O. Box 5300
Harrisburg, PA 17110-0300
For Lower Allen Township
Dennis J. Shatto, Esquire
119 Locust Street
P.O. Box 11847
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1847
For the Zoning Hearing Board
3 This resolution makes it unnecessary to address the other issues raised in this appeal
by Lower Allen Township.
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Linus E. Fenicle, Esquire
2331 Market Street
Camp Hill, PA 17011
For Bernard L. Draisey and Esther E. Draisey
:sal
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LOWER ALLEN TOWNSHIP,
APPELLANT
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
V.
ZONING HEARING BOARD OF
LOWER ALLEN TOWNSHIP,
APPELLEE
V.
BERNARD L. DRAISEY AND
ESTHER E. DRAISEY,
INTERVENORS
05-1718 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: APPEAL FROM THE GRANT OF A VARIANCE
BEFORE BAYLEY. J. AND GUIDO. J.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this
day of November, 2005, the grant of a variance for
the property at 1552 Main Street, Lower Allen Township, Cumberland County, IS REVERSED.
By the Court,
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
David H. Martineau, Esquire
321 North Front Street
P.O. Box 5300
Harrisburg, PA 17110-0300
For Lower Allen Township
05-1718 CIVIL TERM
Dennis J. Shatto, Esquire
119 Locust Street
P.O. Box 11847
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1847
For the Zoning Hearing Board
Linus E. Fenicle, Esquire
2331 Market Street
Camp Hill, PA 17011
For Bernard L. Draisey and Esther E. Draisey
:sal
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