HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-1866 criminalCOMMONWEALTH
· IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
· CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
Vo
CRYSTAL E. PALMER
98-1866 CRIMINAL TERM
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO
PENNSYLVANIA RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 1925
Bayley, J., March 10, 1999:--
On January 25, 1999, defendant, Crystal E. Palmer, entered a plea of guilty to
two misdemeanors in the second degree, recklessly endangering another person,~
and fleeing or attempting to elude a police officer.2 The pleas were entered in full
satisfaction of the additional charges against defendant of aggravated assault, a
felony in the second degree,3 reckless driving, a summary offense,4 and criminal
mischief, a summary offense.5 The plea colloquy includes the following:
MR. GERY: Number 146 on the trial list, Commonwealth versus
Crystal E. Palmer. She's now before the court for the purpose of
entering pleas of guilty. There is a negotiated agreement between Miss
Palmer through her lawyer and the District Attorney's Office whereby she
will be entering pleas to Count 2, recklessly endangering another
person, a misdemeanor two carrying a maximum two years and
$5,000.00 in fines, and also Count 3, fleeing or attempting to elude
police officers, also an M-2 carrying a maximum of two years and a
$5,000.00 fine.
This negotiated agreement carries a sentence which we put
1. 18 Pa.C.S. § 2705·
2. 75 Pa.C.S.§ 3733.
3. 18 Pa.C.S.§ 2702(a)(3).
4. 75 Pa.C.S.§ 3736.
5. 18 Pa.C.S.§ 3304.
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forward to the Judge and would request the Judge impose a sentence
of 30 days incarceration as a minimum and with sentencing to occur
immediately upon the Court's acceptance of the plea.
However, it's my understanding that she's going to request a brief
period of deferment in commencing the sentence, and we'll accept
those pleas in full satisfaction of the felony aggravated assault and the
remaining summaries.
Essentially what happened is on September 19th, 1998, troopers
with the Pennsylvania State Police received actually two calls that came
in, I believe, also simultaneously, one regarding a loud and disorderly
individual, the other involving a motorist in distress.
They responded and found out that both calls involved the same
person. The loud and disorderly individual was Miss Palmer who was
also the motorist in distress. They attempted to give assistance to Miss
Palmer, and that denigrated to a situation where she was loud and
vulgar with the police officers and ultimately fled away in her vehicle, led
them on a high speed chase traveling, I believe, in excess of 100 miles
per hour on the interstate.
This initial chase was ultimately discontinued when she got away
by fleeing through a cut cornfield. Later she was observed again by
other troopers on the interstate in Cumberland County. They again
initiated pursuit, and again reaching high speeds during the course of
that pursuit, and a roadblock was instituted and that's when she was
finally captured.
THE COURT: Was there some type of a collision?
MR. GERY: There was. During the course of the rolling
roadblock, she rammed into the rear end of at least one of the police
vehicles.
THE COURT: So she wants to plead guilty to the two
charges in satisfaction with an agreed sentence of the minimum which is
not less than 30 days, is that correct?
MR. ADAMS: That is correct, Your Honor.
THE COURT: So even before I start in with you, I will let you
know that that resolution is acceptable to me if you plead guilty.
You do have a right, however, to a trial by jury, and we have a
jury panel here. You could remain silent. You would be presumed
innocent. That jury-would be selected from your peers throughout this
county.
You could participate in that selection with your attorney, and in
order to convict you on any of these charges, all 12 jurors would
unanimously have to agree that every element of that offense was
proven beyond a reasonable doubt.
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If you plead guilty, you waive your right to the jury trial, you will
not have it. You also waive your right to raise or further pursue any
other pretrial motions for relief that could have been or have been filed
on your behalf such as motions to suppress evidence.
Do you feel you understand those rights?
THE DEFENDANT: Yes, Your Honor.
THE COURT: If you did what the District Attorney said you
did, you most assuredly are guilty of recklessly endangering another
person and fleeing or attempting to elude a police officer. Do you admit
you committed those offenses? THE DEFENDANT: Yes.
THE COURT: I will accept the pleas.
THE COURT: Okay. Does your client waive a presentence
investigation?
MR. ADAMS: Yes, Your Honor. We waive the presentence
investigation and would ask for immediate sentence. The only thing I
would add, Your Honor, prior to imposing a sentence is my client has no
prior record. She is employed by the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, but she currently is on unpaid leave because of this
matter.
We're not sure what her status is going to be there, but I
would ask the Court consider allowing work release and allowing
her to report for commitment on the 8th of February.
THE COURT:
do you work for, ma'am?
THE DEFENDANT:
THE COURT:
THE DEFENDANT:
THE COURT:
THE DEFENDANT:
THE COURT:
That is acceptable to me. What department
Department of Health.
Have you had that job awhile?
Yes, sir.
Where do you live?
I live in Harrisburg.
Okay. Anything else you want to tell me
before I impose the sentence?
THE DEFENDANT: Anything else? No, Your Honor. I'm very
sorry about what happened. I had nothing against the officers, and I
just, you know, was in pursuit of finding my mother. That's it.
THE COURT: The sentence I am about to impose is solely
pursuant to the plea arrangement entered into between the
Commonwealth and defendant which is acceptable to the Court.
Sentence is that you pay the costs of prosecution and
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undergo imprisonment in the Cumberland County Prison for a term
of not less than thirty days nor more than six months. You are to
report directly to the Cumberland County Prison, without further
appearance or order of court, at 9:00 a.m. on Monday, February 8,
1999.
As long as you are in compliance with all rules and regulations of
the Cumberland County Prison, you are to be released at the expiration
of your minimum time on parole and not on supervision on condition
that you be and remain on good behavior. Work release is authorized.
(Emphasis added.)
Defendant reported to the Cumberland County Prison as ordered on February
8, 1999. On the same date with new counsel she filed a direct appeal from the
judgment of sentence to the Superior Court of Pennsylvania. She posted bail and
was released later that day. In a concise statement of matters complained of on
appeal, defendant avers:
1.) Appeal based on the ineffectiveness of Defendant's
previous counsel failure to instruct the Defendant that a withdrawal of a
guilty plea must be filed by a post trial motion (10) days after a final
order of Court. (The record is void of any instructions to the Defendant
that a guilty plea can be withdrawn within ten (10) days.)
2.) Appeal based on ineffectiveness of Defendant's previous
counsel failure to raise additional issue for the guilty plea including the
employer not granting work release for which is the purpose for the
acceptance of the guilty plea by the Defendant.
3.) Appeal based on ineffectiveness of Defendant's previous
counsel submission of a letter to the Trial Judge instead of a post trial
motion and/or motion for reconsideration subsequently to the Judge
denying the same. See letter attached and incorporated as Exhibit "A".
4.) Appeal based on the Trial Court's abuse of discretion in
not denying the Defendant the opportunity to serve the thirty (30) days
on weekends after the Defendant's employer denied work release to the
Defendant. (The record shows that this is Defendant's first offense).
Defendant's first complaint is that her trial counsel was ineffective for not telling
her that a withdrawal of her guilty pleas must be filed by a "post-trial motion (10) ten
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days after a final order of court." There could not have been such a post-trial motion.
Pa.R.Orim. P. 1410(B)(1) provides for the filing of an optional post-trial motion as
follows:
(a) The defendant in a court case shall have the right to make a
post-sentence motion. All requests for relief from the trial court shall be
stated with specificity and particularity, and shall be consolidated in the
post-sentence motion, which may include:
(i) a motion challenging the validity of a plea of guilty or
nolo contendere, or the denial of a motion to withdraw a plea
of guilty or nolo contendere;
(ii) a motion for judgment of acquittal;
(iii) a motion in arrest of judgment;
(iv) a motion for a new trial; and/or
(v) a motion to modify sentence. (Emphasis added.)
Defendant pled guilty and was sentenced on the same day. There was no
denial of any motion to withdraw her guilty pleas before sentence as contemplated by
Rule 1410(B)(1)(a)(i). The sentence conformed to a plea agreement that was
accepted by the court for a minimum term of imprisonment of thirty days. Because
the court complied with the plea agreement defendant has no right to withdraw her
plea subsequent to sentence. Commonwealth v. McClendon, 403 Pa. Super. 467
(1991). Therefore, defendant's counsel was not ineffective even if defendant was not
advised that she could have filed a post-sentence motion to modify her sentence
within ten days after she was sentenced.
Defendant's other three complaints relate to work release. The court granted
work release as requested by defendant at the time of sentence. This sentence was
authorized by the Judicial Code at 42 Pa.C.S. Section 9755 titled, "Sentence of partial
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confinement," which provides:
(a) General rule.--In imposing a sentence involving partial
confinement the court shall specify at the time of sentencing the length
of the term during which the defendant is to be partially confined, which
term may not exceed the maximum term for which he could be totally
confined, and whether the confinement shall commence in a correctional
or other appropriate institution.
(b) Minimum sentence.--The court shall impose a minimum
sentence of partial confinement which shall not exceed one-half of the
maximum sentence imposed.
(c) Purpose for partial release.--The court may in its order
grant the defendant the privilege of leaving the institution during
necessary and reasonable hours for any of the following purposes:
(1) To work at his employment.
(2) To seek employment.
(3) To conduct his own business or to engage in other
self-employment, including housekeeping and attending to
the needs of the family.
(4) To attend an educational institution or participate in a
course of vocational training.
(5) To obtain medical treatment.
(6) To devote time to any other purpose approved by the
court. (Emphasis added.)
(e) Duties of correctional authorities.--The correctional
authorities shall be responsible for arranging a plan consistent with the
order issued under this section whereby the objectives of partial
confinement may be achieved and they shall determine when and under
what conditions consistent with the order issued under this section the
defendant shall be permitted to be absent from the correctional
institution.
On February 5, 1999, defendant's trial counsel wrote to the court indicating that
defendant's "employer, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, would not authorize work
release. She will, therefore, be 'AWOL' and lose her position. Would you please
consider having the 30 days served on 15 consecutive weekends so that [defendant]
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does not lose her employment with the Commonwealth?" Defendant appears to be
seeking to withdraw her guilty pleas by arguing that the court abused its discretion by
not allowing her to serve her sentence on weekends.6 The conditions of work release
are not an aspect of the sentence of imprisonment that requires a ten day optional
petition to modify a sentence under Pa.R.Crim. P. 1410(B)(1)(a)(v). A court may enter
an order of work release at any time under 42 Pa.C.S. Section 9755(c)(1) because
work release is not the sentence which is subject to modification only as prescribed in
the Judicial Code at 42 Pa.C.S. Section 5505. Therefore, trial counsel's request by
letter for the court's permission to allow defendant to be released each weekday on
work release does not constitute ineffective assistance of counsel. Furthermore, there
is no legal basis for claiming that the court abused its discretion by not allowing
defendant to set the conditions of her own work release. The Judicial Code at 42
Pa.C.S. Section 9755(c) says the court "[relay in its order grant to defendant the
privilege of leaving the institution." ,~,~ -
(DATE) Edgar B. Bayley, O.
/,
6. If defendant is allowed to withdraw her guilty pleas she will face trial on the
five counts which were charged in the information including the felony aggravated
assault graded a felony in the second degree.
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Travis Gery, Esquire
Jaime Keating, Esquire
For the Commonwealth
Melvin L. Carter, Esquire
For Defendant
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