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THOMAS JAMES O'BRIEN · 98-1971 CRIMINAL TERM
IN RE: MOTION TO SUPPRESS EVIDENCE
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J. January 29, 1999:--
Defendant, Thomas O'Brien, is charged with a count of driving under the
influence of alcohol under 75 Pa.C.S. § 3731(a) (4).~ He filed a motion to suppress
evidence upon which a hearing was conducted on January 25, 1999. We find the
following facts.
Defendant, who lives in Holicong, PA, has been the boyfriend of Dinah Wright
for five years. On June 6, 1998, defendant was visiting Wright at her home at 7
Kensington Drive, Lower Allen Township. Defendant, Wright and her sister, Mindy
Hawk, went out to dinner and then went to some clubs. Defendant became
intoxicated so one of the women drove defendant's car when they returned to
Wright's home. When home, defendant started arguing with Wright over an incident
that had occurred in one of the clubs. Wright asked defendant to leave. He said he
did not want to drive because he had too much to drink. When he would not leave,
Hawk called 911. She told the dispatcher that defendant was inside Wright's house,
drunk, and that she and Wright wanted him leave but he would not. Defendant then
went outside and the door was locked. Defendant did not have his car keys and he
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
1. "While the amount of alcohol by weight in his blood at the time he was
driving was 0.10% or greater."
98-1971 CRIMINAL TERM
pounded on the door. When he would not stop pounding on the door one of the
women threw his keys outside. Defendant then drove away. Hawk called 911 and
told the dispatcher that defendant was highly intoxicated and had driven away from
the house.
At 2:10 a.m., while Office Troy McNair of the Lower Allen Township Police was
on patrol, he was dispatched to 7 Kensington Drive for an "active domestic." At 2:11
a.m., the dispatcher informed the officer that Thomas O'Brien was at 7 Kensington
Drive, and was trying to kick down a door. As Officer McNair was nearing the
residence, he received another dispatch that O'Brien was highly intoxicated and was
leaving the scene in his Jaguar. The dispatcher told the officer the Pennsylvania
registration of the Jaguar. When Officer McNair was approximately one hundred
yards from 7 Kensington Drive, the Jaguar passed him. The officer saw Thomas
O'Brien driving. He knew O'Brien from having responded to prior incidents at 7
Kensington Drive? Officer McNair made a U-turn, activated his emergency lights and
O'Brien stopped. The officer did not see any erratic driving or vehicle code violations
in the short distance he had observed O'Brien driving the car. O'Brien was visibly
intoxicated, and Officer McNair arrested him for driving under the influence of alcohol.
In his motion to suppress evidence, defendant raises a single claim that Officer
McNair did not have a legal basis to stop his vehicle on the morning of June 7, 1998.
2. Officer McNair and other Lower Allen Township police officers had been
dispatched to 7 Kensington Drive on several prior occasions when defendant was
intoxicated. On each occasion defendant was driven by a police officer to a hotel.
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Information from a private citizen can constitute sufficient grounds for an investigatory
stop of one suspected of driving under the influence. Commonwealth v. Janiak, 368
Pa. Super. 626 (1987); see, Commonwealth v. Smith, 396 Pa. Super. 6 (1990). In
Commonwealth v. Ellis, 662 A.2d 1043 (Pa. 1995), the facts set forth by the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania were:
On September 30, 1991, at approximately 2:00 a.m., Officer
Thomas Neibel of the McCandless Police received a radio dispatch
stating that the Pine Township Police had received a burglar alarm call
at a business, Perma Ceram, on Route 19 in their township. Route 19 is
a major four lane highway that runs, in part, from the south of the City of
Pittsburgh, to the north, through several municipalities including
McCandless and Pine Townships.
Upon hearing the dispatch and a subsequent request for
assistance, Officer Neibel proceeded north on route 19 toward the Pine
Township line. While en route he was advised that two actors, who were
described as white or possible 'Mexican', were leaving the scene of the
burglary. As Neibel closed to within a half mile of the burglary
scene, he spotted a vehicle traveling south which fit the radioed
description of the vehicle seen leaving the area of the burglary. In
addition, the vehicle's location corresponded to the position where a
car would be found had it left the burglary site at the time of the
broadcast. Officer Neibel then made a U-turn and proceeded to follow
the vehicle for three-quarters of a mile before pulling it over.
After two other McCandless police officers arrived on the scene,
Officer Neibel approached the vehicle and ordered Appellant, who was
driving, and his companion, both of whom are African-American, to exit
the vehicle. The officer then patted down the two men and searched the
passenger compartment of the car for weapons. (Emphasis added.)
Citing Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 88 S.Ct. 1868, 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1968), the Supreme
Court noted that "an 'investigative detention' must be supported by a reasonable
suspicion; it subjects a suspect to a stop and a period of detention, but does not
involve such coercive conditions as to constitute the functional equivalent of an
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98-1971 CRIMINAL TERM
arrest." In Ellis, the Supreme Court concluded:
There is no doubt that the initial stop by Officer Neibel
constituted an investigative detention and was supported by a
reasonable suspicion that Appellant was engaged in criminal
activity. Appellant, however, contends that trial counsel was ineffective
for failing to allege that his confinement after this initial stop was not
supported by reasonable suspicion and, thus, constituted an illegal
investigative detention. Specifically, Appellant argues that any
suspicions the officer possessed concerning the identity of the burglars
should have been allayed when he realized that Appellant and his
companion were African-American and not white or 'Mexican'. Hence,
he contends that his continued detention after the initial stop was
unsupported by a reasonable suspicion. We disagree.
As previously noted, Officer Neibel's stop of Appellant was based
on the following articulable facts which created a reasonable suspicion
that Appellant was engaged in criminal activity: (1) Appellant's vehicle
was the only vehicle on the roadway near the burglary scene at that
hour; (2) the car was in the area a vehicle would have been if it left
the area of the burglary when the call was broadcasted; and (3) the
car matched the description of the one seen at the crime. We are
unable to conclude that the existence of a single fact contradictory to
the police radio broadcast required an officer to ignore these other
incriminating factors. Thus, Appellant's first claim of ineffectiveness
lacks arguable merit since Officer Neibel's continued detention of
Appellant was supported by reasonable suspicion. (Emphasis added.)
In the case sub judice, we conclude that Officer McNair had reasonable
grounds to detain defendant while he further investigated (1) whether he was driving
under the influence of alcohol, and (2) whether he committed any criminal acts during
what was reported to him as an "active domestic." As to the officer's reasonable
suspicion that defendant was operating his Jaguar while under the influence of
alcohol, not only had that information been reported by a private citizen from 7
Kensington Drive, the officer knew of the reliability of the report because he knew that
every other occasion when the police had been dispatched to 7 Kensington Drive,
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98-1971 CRIMINAL TERM
defendant was present and intoxicated. Accordingly, the following order is entered.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of January, 1999, the motion of defendant to
suppress evidence, IS DENIED.
Jaime Keating, Esquire
For the Commonwealth
By the Court,. f/'/~
Edgar B. Bayley, Ji
Robert Mulderig, Esquire
For Defendant
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