HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-4145 equity (2)BOROUGH OF CARLISLE,
PLAINTIFF
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
ROBERT H. BARRETT,
DEFENDANT
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IN RE: SANCTIONS FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH AN ORDER
DIRECTING DISCOVERY
BEFORE BAYLEY, J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., November ,1999:-
On July 22, 1998, plaintiff, the Borough of Carlisle, filed this complaint in equity
against defendant Robert H. Barrett. Alleging that Barrett is the owner of eleven
properties, eight improved, in the historic district of the Borough of Carlisle, the Borough
sought the following equitable relief:
A. That an agent be appointed to manage Barrett's eleven properties
within the historic district in order to bring the properties into
compliance with the code and historic district regulations; and
B. That an injunction issue against Barrett prohibiting him from
performing any repairs or alterations to any of his properties without first
receiving certificates of appropriateness and building permits for such
work; and
C. That the Borough be awarded its reasonable attorneys fees in this
action, and all previous actions, between the parties; and
D. Such other equitable relief as the Court deems appropriate under the
circumstances. (Emphasis added.)
The genesis of this longstanding dispute between plaintiff and defendant is
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defendant's refusal to comply with the provisions of the Carlisle Historic District
ordinance in bringing his property into compliance with the Borough's BOCA Code.
Defendant has unsuccessfully challenged the regulations set forth in the Historic District
ordinance. Barrett v. Borough of Carlisle, 707 ^.2 250 (Pa. Commw. 1998), petition
for allowance of appeal denied 555 Pa. 714 (1998).
Plaintiff has averred in its complaint, inter alia, that (1) defendant was found
guilty of code violations in 1993, (2) he was found guilty of code violations in 1994,
which judgment was affirmed by the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania,' (3) one of
his properties was condemned by the Borough in December, 1994, which was affirmed
in this court with his appeal to the Commonwealth Court being dismissed,2 (4) he was
found guilty of code violations in 1995, (5) on October 5, 1995 and September 9, 1996,
he was found in contempt of the condemnation order, (6) on February 14, 1996, he was
found guilty of code violations, (7) on July 24, 1997, he was found guilty of twenty code
violations, and (8) on May 15, 1998, he was found guilty of one hundred and fifty-eight
code violations.
In its complaint, the Borough avers that Barrett is an absentee owner and has
undertaken a coordinated plan to blight the Borough's Historic District. It avers that
655 ^.2d 678 (Pa. Commw. 1995).
~Pa. Commw. __(208, 209 C.D. 1995, March 31, 1995).
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Barrett has continued to refuse to repair and maintain the properties he owns in the
Historic District, and to comply with the Borough's ordinances, and that he has vowed
not to comply with the ordinances because he refuses to recognize their validity and
applicability to his properties. The Borough avers that it believes that Barrett's buildings
can be salvaged and restored to comply with the BOCA Code and Historic District
regulations without causing undue economic hardship. It further avers that Barrett
intends to allow his properties to fall into such disrepair that no economic value will
remain in them so that demolition can be affected, thus having a deleterious effect on
the surrounding properties in the Historic District. The Borough concludes by averring
that "The statutory and administrative remedies available to the Borough have been
inadequate to insure enforcement of its code and historic district regulations."
Barrett filed preliminary objections to the complaint which were dismissed on
February 9, 1999. The court concluded that plaintiff, pursuant to the Borough of
Kennet Square v. Lal, 165 Pa. Commw. 573 (1994), had stated a complaint upon
which relief could be granted. Defendant filed an answer to the complaint on
December 22, 1998.
On January 8, 1999, defendant filed a notice of removal to the United States
District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. Plaintiff filed a motion to remand
which was granted by an order of the District Court dated March 18, 1999. On April
29, 1999, plaintiff filed a motion to allow issuance of a subpoena to the Pennsylvania
Historical and Museum Commission. That motion was denied on April 23, 1999. On
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May 11, 1999, defendant filed a second notice of removal to the United States District
Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. Plaintiff filed a motion for remand and on
May 13, 1999, the District Court remanded the case to this court and further ordered its
Clerk of Court to refuse to accept for filing any further notices of removal of the case.
The Borough of Carlisle sought discovery in the form of answers to
interrogatories, the production of documents, and the inspection of the eight improved
properties subject to this dispute. Defendant refused to allow the inspection of the
properties and failed to comply with much of the discovery requested. On June 3,
1999, following a hearing on plaintiff's motion to compel compliance with its request for
discovery, the following order was entered:
I. OBJECTIONS OF DEFENDANT TO PLAINTIFF'S
INTERROGATORIES
1. Interrogatory No. 1. The objection IS SUSTAINED because the
information sought is not relevant.
2. Interrogatory No. 2. The objection IS SUSTAINED except that
defendant shall state his annual salary and any other income for the years
1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999 to date.
3. Interrogatory No. 5. The objection IS OVERRULED. Defendant shall
answer this interrogatory in its entirety.
4. Interrogatory No. 7. Because defendant has identified only himself as
an expert who will be called to testify, and he has answered the
interrogatory with respect to himself, the objection IS SUSTAINED.
5. Interrogatory No. 10. The objection IS SUSTAINED because the
information sought is not relevant.
6. Interrogatory No. 14. The objection IS OVERRULED.
shall answer this interrogatory in its entirety.
7. Interrogatory No. 15. The objection IS OVERRULED.
shall answer this interrogatory in its entirety.
8. Interrogatory No. 16.
sought is not relevant.
9. Interrogatory No. 17.
Defendant
Defendant
The objection IS SUSTAINED as the information
The objection IS SUSTAINED as the information
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sought is not relevant.
10. All interrogatories that defendant is ordered to answer as set forth
above shall be answered within twenty (20) days of this date.
II. PLAINTIFF'S MOTION TO COMPEL DEFENDANT TO COMPLY
WITH PLAINTIFF'S REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCUMENTS
1. Request No. 2. IS DISMISSED as overbroad.
2. Request No 6. The motion IS GRANTED, Defendant shall provide
plaintiff with such documents.
3. Request No. 7. The motion IS GRANTED. Defendant shall provide
plaintiff with such documents.
4. Request No. 8. IS DISMISSED as not relevant.
5. Request No. 9. IS DISMISSED as defendant was issued any such
permits by plaintiff who has knowledge of them.
6. Request No. 10. IS DISMISSED as overbroad.
7. Request No. 11. The motion IS GRANTED, Defendant shall provide
such documents to plaintiff.
8. All documents that defendant is ordered to produce as set forth above
shall be produced within twenty (20) days of this date.
III. REQUEST FOR INSPECTION OF IMPROVED PROPERTIES OF
DEFENDANT AT 25 NORTH BEDFORD STREET, 35 SOUTH
BEDFORD STREET, 37 SOUTH BEDFORD STREET, 122 EAST
LIBERTY AVENUE, 134 EAST HIGH STREET, 136 EAST HIGH
STREET, '138 EAST HIGH STREET AND 29 SOUTH EAST STREET
1. The request for the inspection of the aforesaid improved
properties, which is opposed by defendant, IS GRANTED.
2. A group of up to six people may enter said properties, those
people being one borough representative, the borough solicitor, a
photographer who may be a borough representative, a real estate
appraiser, a structural engineer and a contractor.
3. The entry of each property shall be for the purpose of
inspecting, measuring, photographing, videotaping, testing, sampling, or
analyzing the said properties and all fixtures and for code violations.
4. Each inspection may last for up to three hours.
5. The inspection schedule shall be as follows:
a. The inspection of 25 North Bedford Street shall commence at
9:00 a.m., Monday, June 21, 1999.
b. The inspection of 35 South Bedford Street shall commence at
1:00 p.m., Monday, June 21, 1999.
c. The inspection of 37 South Bedford Street shall commence at
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9:00 a.m., Tuesday, June 22, 1999.
d. The inspection of 122 East Liberty Avenue shall commence at
1:00 p.m., Tuesday, June 22, 1999.
e. The inspection of 134 East High Street shall commence at 9:00
a.m., Wednesday, June 23, 1999.
f. The inspection of 136 East High Street shall commence at 1:00
p.m., Wednesday, June 23, 1999.
g. The inspection of 138 East High Street shall commence at 9:00
a.m., Thursday, June 24, 1999.
h. The inspection of 29 South East Street shall commence at 1:00
p.m., Thursday, June 24, 1999.
6. Defendant shall provide complete access to these properties by
the inspectors and shall not interfere with said inspections.
7. This inspection schedule may only be altered upon agreement
of both parties for their convenience. (Footnote omitted.)
Defendant filed a petition to vacate the discovery order of June 3, 1999. On
June 17, 1999, an order was entered that "[t]he petition to vacate the discovery order
dated June 3, 1999, is denied." On June 21, 1999, defendant filed an interlocutory
appeal to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania from the order of June 3, 1999.
The appeal was docketed in the Commonwealth Court at No. 1662 C.D. 1999. On
June 23, 1999, this court filed an opinion in support of the order of June 3, 1999. On
June 28, 1999, defendant filed a second interlocutory appeal to the Commonwealth
Court of Pennsylvania from the order of June 17, 1999, that denied his petition to
vacate the discovery order issued on June 3, 1999. That appeal was docketed in the
Commonwealth Court at No. 1662 C.D. 1999. On July 19, 1999, the Commonwealth
Court at 1661 and 1662 C.D. 1999, quashed defendant's appeals as interlocutory.
Plaintiff filed a motion to hold defendant in civil contempt for failing to comply with
the inspection schedule set forth in the order of June 3, 1999. Following hearings, on
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July 7, 1999, the following order was entered:
[I] adjudicate you in civil contempt of court for violating this Court's
inspection order of June 3, 1999. You are committed to the Cumberland
County Prison until you purge yourself of contempt. You may purge
yourself of contempt by advising me at any time that you will comply with
the inspections as required by the order of June 3, 1999, and at that point
I will then immediately set a new inspection schedule, and I will then have
a sheriff take you to the first scheduled inspection, and if you comply with
that inspection order, you may remain out of prison for as long as you
continue to purge yourself of contempt by allowing all further inspections
as scheduled. Defendant is to stand committed in civil contempt until the
conditions of purge are met or he obtains a supersedeas from an
Appellate Court.
After defendant spent forty-one days in prison in defiance of the order to allow
plaintiff to inspect his properties, he was released on August 17, 1999, on the following
order:
[d]efendant, Robert H. Barrett, having advised this court by letter received
this date that he 'agrees to comply with the inspections as required by the
Order of June 03, 1999,' a copy of which is attached hereto, and upon
relation that the Carlisle Borough Solicitor is out of town until August 23,
1999, and that the gathering of the six people authorized by the order of
June 3, 1999, to make said inspections cannot be quickly assembled, it is
ORDERED:
1. The Carlisle Borough Solicitor shall provide this court with dates
during which the inspections of the eight properties as provided for in the
order of June 3, 1999, can be conducted at the rate of two inspections a
day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon.
2. Following receipt of said dates an additional order will be
entered scheduling the inspections at which time defendant will be held in
compliance pursuant to the order of June 3, 1999, and his current
agreement in writing that he will now comply with the inspections.
3. Defendant is temporarily released from commitment under this
court's order of July 7, 1999, adjudicating him in civil contempt for
violating the inspection order of June 3, 1999, conditioned upon his
compliance with the new scheduling order to be entered.
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On August 23, 1999, a new inspection schedule was ordered with the first
inspection to commence at 9:00 a.m., Monday, August 30, 1999. Defendant appeared
in court on August 30, 1999, with a motion to prohibit the inspections until plaintiff
posted a bond to cover any injuries that might occur while its representatives were on
his properties. The motion was denied and the inspections scheduled for that day and
all subsequent dates per the order of August 23, 1999, were conducted.
Defendant, however, continued to refuse to comply with that part of the
discovery order of June 3, 1999, requiring him to answer interrogatories and produce
certain documents. Plaintiff filed a petition to hold him in civil contempt. Following
hearings, on October 7, 1999, the following order was entered:
[p]ursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 4019(c)(4), I adjudicate
you in civil contempt for failing to comply with the order of June 3, 1999.
You may purge yourself of contempt by complying with the order by
1:15 p.m. on Wednesday, October 13, 1999. You are ordered to appear
in Courtroom Number 2, Cumberland County Courthouse, Carlisle,
Pennsylvania at 1:15 p.m., Wednesday, October 13, 1999, to determine if
you have complied with this order. If you have not complied, you will be
committed to the Cumberland County Prison at that time until you purge
yourself of contempt.
At that hearing the Borough of Carlisle shall produce evidence of its
counsel fees for obtaining this order of compliance, including its counsel
fees incurred in obtaining the order of compliance dated June 3, 1999.
Counsel fees will be awarded as part of defendant's conditions of purge of
this order of civil contempt. He shall be then ordered to pay such counsel
fees in full, not later than December 1, 1999 ....
Defendant did not comply with the order as directed by October 13, 1999, and
has been incarcerated in the Cumberland County Prison since that date for failing to
answer interrogatories and produce documents under the sanction imposed by this
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court pursuant to Pa. Rule of Civil Procedure 4019(c)(4).3 Having previously spent
forty-one days in prison until he complied with that part of the order of June 3, 1999, for
the inspection of the subject properties, and now going back to prison on October 13,
1999, for failure to comply with part of the same order directing him to answer
interrogatories and produce documents, it is obvious that defendant's stubbornness is
significantly delaying litigation of this case which was commenced on July 22, 1998.
Pa. Rule of Civil Procedure 4019(c)(3), allows the following sanction for refusal to
comply with a discovery order:
[a]n order striking out pleadings or parts thereof, or staying further
proceedings until the order is obeyed, or entering a judgment of non
pros or by default against the disobedient party or party advising the
disobedience. (Emphasis added.)
In applying this sanction, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania stated in Stewart v.
Rossi, 681 A.2d 214 (Pa. Super. 1996):
We note initially that dismissal of a complaint as a discovery
sanction is authorized under Pa.R.Civ. P. 4019. Pride Contracting, Inc. v.
Biehn Construction, Inc., 381 Pa. Super. 155, 553 ^.2d 82 (1989); see
also Lawrence v. General Medicine Ass'n, Ltd., 412 Pa. Super. 163,602
A.2d 1360 (1992) (judgment of non pros entered against plaintiff for
violation of discovery rules); Miller Oral Surgery, Inc. v. Dine/lo, 416
Pa. Super. 310, 611 A.2d 232 (1992) (default judgment entered against
defendant for discovery violation). Furthermore, the sanction to be
imposed for a discovery violation is left to the sound discretion of the trial
court. Miller Oral Surgery, Inc. v. Dine/lo, supra. However, since
dismissal is the most severe sanction, it should be imposed only in
extreme circumstances, and a trial court is required to balance the
equities carefully and dismiss only where the violation of the
3 Defendant was also ordered to pay counsel fees to plaintiff in the amount of
$981.
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discovery rules is willful and the opposing party has been
prejudiced, Pride Contracting, Inc. v. Biehn Construction, Inc., supra.
Under these cases, the following factors are to be weighed:
the nature and severity of the discovery violation, the defaulting
party's willfulness or bad faith, prejudice to the opposing party, the
ability to cure prejudice, and the importance of the precluded
evidence in light of the failure to comply. (Emphasis added.)
The most severe sanction as allowed under Pa. Rule of Civil Procedure 4019(c)(3) has
been upheld for the failure to comply with a court order directing discovery. Pride
Contracting, Inc. v. Biehn Construction, Inc., 381 Pa. Super. 155 (1989).
Since the discovery order was entered following a hearing to compel on June 3,
1999, requiring defendant to answer certain interrogatories and produce certain
documents, the nature and severity of his conduct has been egregious. He has
completely failed to comply with the order for no legitimate reason. That failure has
been willful, in bad faith, and has continued despite defendant's imprisonment for civil
contempt since October 13, 1999. Defendant's bad faith is further evidenced by his
filing two interlocutory appeals in the Commonwealth Court and two frivolous notices of
removal to the United States District Court. As to the importance of the discovery
sought in light of defendant's failure to comply with the order to compel, the
interrogatories in question are?
4 The order to compel only required defendant to answer some of plaintiffs
interrogatories. Defendant's objections to the interrogatories were sustained as to
Interrogatory 1, part of Interrogatory No. 2, and Interrogatories 7, 10, 16 and 17.
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(1) Defendant was directed to answer part of Interrogatory No. 2 by stating
his annual salary and any other income for the years 1996, 1997, 1998 and 1999 to
date. This information is important for plaintiff to meet any defense that defendant
might raise with respect to any prior or current financial inability to bring his properties
into compliance with the Borough's codes.
(2) Defendant was required to answer Interrogatory No. 5 which asked "Give the
carrier name, policy number, and policy limits for each and every policy insuring each of
the parcels of real estate owned by you in the Borough of Carlisle; also state the nature
of coverages under each." Plaintiff is seeking an order that an agent be appointed to
manage Barrett's properties and to bring those properties into compliance with the
BOCA Code and Historic District regulations. Knowledge as to the status of insurance
coverage on each property is important as it relates to any relief that may be warranted.
(3) Defendant was directed to answer Interrogatory No. 14 which asked:
For each parcel of real estate situate in the Borough of Carlisle in
which you have an ownership interest, state:
(A) whether such parcel is vacant or improved with a structure or
structures and identify the type(s) of structure;
(B) the deed reference of your deed;
(C) the date of acquisition;
(D) the purchase price;
(E) whether or not it is encumbered by debt and identify the
creditor, current unpaid balance owing, required monthly payment and
record reference;
(F) whether the structure is occupied and by whom, and if not, the
last date it was occupied during the ownership and by whom; (G) the reason the structure is not occupied;
(H) the total sum you have spent for maintenance, repair,
improvement or betterment, or demolition of such property since the date
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of your purchase; and
(I) if you removed, or caused to be removed, any structure on the
parcel, state when the structure(s) were removed and the reason for
removal.
Given the nature of the relief sought, all of this information goes to matters which would
be expected to be raised in the trial and for which plaintiff should be properly prepared.
(4) Defendant was directed to answer Interrogatory No. 15 which asked:
For each property identified in the foregoing Interrogatory, state the
following:
(A) identify any work you performed on each property in the nature
of maintenance, repairs, improvements, betterment or demolition;
(B) for each work identified in the preceding subsection, state
whether or not you applied for any building permits to perform such work;
and
(C) for each work identified in the preceding subsection, whether
or not you obtained any building permits to perform such work.
This information goes directly to the central issue regarding the case which is
defendant's alleged long continued failure to comply with the Borough's codes.
With regard to the order to produce documents, the documents in question are?
(1) Defendant was ordered in Request No. 6 to produce "All written rental
records, inclusive of income and expense statements for each of the properties owned
by Defendant in the Borough of Carlisle." With respect to any relief that may be
warranted it is essential to plaintiff to know the full rental status of each property.
(2) Defendant was ordered in Request No. 7 to produce "All records reflecting all
s The order to compel only required defendant to produce some of the
documents sought by plaintiff. Defendant's objections to the request for documents
were sustained as to requests No. 2, 8, 9 and 10.
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income, of any nature whatsoever, and all expenses related to each of the properties
owned by you in the Borough of Carlisle during your period of ownership." This
information properly supplements information regarding defendant's financial status to
meet any issue regarding defendant's past or current financial ability to comply with the
Borough's codes.
(3) Defendant was ordered in Request No. 11 to produce "Copies of the
declaration pages of each policy of insurance applicable to each parcel of real estate
owned by you in the Borough of Carlisle." This information properly supplements and
verifies the required information regarding insurance in Interrogatory No. 5.
For the aforesaid reasons we find that the importance of the precluded evidence
is considerable in light of defendant's failure to comply with the discovery order. In
Stewart v. Rossi, supra, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania stated that prejudice for
the purposes of a discovery violation is said to result any time there is a substantial
diminution of a party's ability to properly present its case. We find that there is a
substantial diminution in plaintiff's ability to properly present its case. The operative
term here is "properly present its case."
The imprisonment of defendant for civil contempt has not altered his stubborn
refusal to continue his delaying tactics in bringing this case to trial. Balancing the
equities we are satisfied that unless defendant forthwith complies with the discovery
order his conduct calls for the imposition of the most severe sanction of default under
Rule 4019(c)(3). At this juncture, neither notice nor an additional hearing is a
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necessary prerequisite to the imposition of this sanction. Pride Contracting, Inc. v.
Biehn Construction, Inc., supra. Accordingly, the following order is entered.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this f~-~ day of November, 1999, IT IS ORDERED:
(1) If defendant fails to respond completely to the interrogatories and production
of documents required by this court's order of June 3, 1999, not later than Wednesday,
December 1, 1999, the following relief will be ordered:
(a) a default judgment will be entered in favor of plaintiff and against
defendant;
(b) an agent will be appointed to manage defendant's eleven properties
within the Historic District of the Borough of Carlisle in order to bring those
properties into compliance with the Code and Historic District regulations;
(c) an injunction will be issued prohibiting defendant from performing any
repairs or alterations to any of his properties without first receiving
certificates of appropriateness and building permits for such work;
(d) the Borough will be awarded reasonable attorney fees in this action;
(e) a further hearing will be conducted for the issuance of additional
equitable relief necessary to effectuate the aforesaid provisions.
(2) Defendant is released from his commitment to the Cumberland County
Prison pursuant to the orders of October 7 and 13, 1999.
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Edward Schorpp, Esquire
For Plaintiff
Robert Barrett, Pro se
1101 Claremont Road
Cumberland County Prison
Carlisle, PA 17013
:saa
BYEd t~~gar B. Bayley, J.
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