HomeMy WebLinkAboutCP-21-JV-0141-2004
IN THE MATTER OF
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
AK., BORN February 4, 2004
LX., BORN February 4, 2004
NO. CP-21-mVENILE 141 - 2004
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO Pa. RA.P. 1925
Guido, J., July
, 2005
Twin sisters AK. and L. K. were born on February 4,2004. On June 4,2004 they
were placed on an emergency basis because of suspected physical abuse. Over the next
few months several hearings were conducted before the Dependency Master. On January
12,2005 we approved the Master's Report and adopted his recommendations that 1) the
children were abused; 2) they were dependent; 3) father perpetrated the abuse; 4) mother
is responsible for the abuse by omission; and 5) aggravated circumstances exist as to both
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parents.
Both parents filed exceptions to the Master's Report and Recommendations. We
reviewed the transcripts of the hearings before the Master, as well as the exhibits
presented therein. We also reviewed the briefs filed by each party and heard argument
thereon. On April 21, 2005 we entered an order dismissing the exceptions and affirming
our prior order. Both parents have filed this timely appeal from that order.
The issues raised on appeal by each party are virtually identical. 2 In effect, they
question our findings of dependency, abuse and aggravated circumstances?
1 See orders of January 12, 2005, with Master's Report and Recommendation attached thereto.
2 See Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal filed.
3 Mother also maintains that she is ready, willing and able to provide for the needs of the children.
NO. CP-21-mVENILE 141 - 2004
AK. and L.K. were placed on an emergency basis because of suspected physical
abuse. Pictures taken of the babies on that date showed that each child had extensive
bruising on her face and body as well as dried blood under her fingernails and toenails.
Skeletal surveys were performed on each child at the Hershey Medical Center.
AK.'s survey showed that she had sustained 18 rib fractures and 12 fractures of her arms
and legs. In addition, she had a possible skull fracture. Her sister L.K. had sustained 17
rib fractures. All of the fractures on each child were in various stages of healing,
indicating that they occurred at different times.
Dr. Danielle Boal interpreted the skeletal surveys. She is board certified in
radiology and pediatrics. It was her opinion that the majority of the fractures could not
have been caused accidentally. She further opined that they were caused by various
intentional actions, i.e. shaking the children, as well as bending and jerking their
extremities.
Other physicians testified regarding the non fracture injuries, including the blood
under the fingernails and toenails, as well as the extensive bruising. They concluded that
the majority, if not all, of those injuries had been intentionally caused.
Dependency and Abuse
"A finding of abuse may support an adjudication of dependency." Matter of
CR.S., 696 A2d 840, 843 (Pa.Super. 1997). "Child abuse" is "any act or failure to act by
a perpetrator which causes non-accidental serious physical injury to a child under 18
years of age." See 23 Pa. C. S.A S 6303 (b) (1) (i). This definition is contained in the
Child Protective Services Act and incorporated into to the Juvenile Act's definition of
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NO. CP-21-mVENILE 141 - 2004
dependent child. 42 Pa. C.S.A. S 6302. See CR.S., Supra, 696 A.2d at 843, Fn. 5. An
injury that causes "severe pain" is sufficient to meet the definition of "serious physical
injury." 23 Pa. C.S.A. S 6303 (a).
We thoroughly reviewed the transcripts in the instant case. We found the medical
evidence to be overwhelming that the multiple injuries to these children were
intentionally caused. We further found that the parental explanations as to the possible
accidental nature of the injuries were both inconsistent and incredible. Thus we were
satisfied by clear and convincing evidence that the children were abused and dependent.
The abuse occurred while the children were in the care of their parents. It was of
such a nature (intentionally caused) that it "normally would not have occurred except by
reason of acts or omissions" of those caretakers. In Interest of JR. W, 428 Pa. Super. 597,
631 A.2d 1019, 1024 (1993); we were satisfied that there was "prima facie" evidence that
the abuse was committed at the hands of father, and that mother was a perpetrator by
omission. 23 Pa. C.S.A. 6381 (d). We were further satisfied that the children could not
be safely reunited with either parent until appropriate services had been completed.4
Aggravated Circumstances
The Juvenile Act authorizes the finding of aggravated circumstances if "( t )he
child or another child of the parent has been the victim of physical abuse resulting in
serious bodily injury, sexual violence or aggravated physical neglect by the parent." 42
Pa. C.S.A. S 6302. As noted above, we found by clear and convincing evidence that the
4 Although we found the existence of "aggravated circumstances," we directed the agency to work toward
reunification of the parents and the children.
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NO. CP-21-mVENILE 141 - 2004
children were the subject of physical abuse. We further found that the abuse occurred at
the hands of their parents.
The major thrust of the parents' argument is that the injuries sustained by the
children do not meet the definition of "serious bodily injury" contained in the Juvenile
Act. They correctly point out that the definition of "serious bodily injury" in the Juvenile
Act differs from the definition of "serious physical injury" which is needed to find child
abuse. We agree. However, we are satisfied that the dozens of fractures, including a
possible skull fracture, sustained by these children met the definition of "seriously bodily
injury" contained in the Juvenile Act. 5 Any argument to the contrary defies logic and
common sense.
DATE
Edward E. Guido, J.
Lindsay Dare Baird, Esquire
Megan Malone, Esquire
Kathleen Shaulis, Esquire
Jacqueline M. Verney, Esquire
Juvenile Probation
CCC&Y
CASA
5 The Juvenile Act defines "serious bodily injury" as follows:
Bodily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which causes serious, permanent
disfigurement or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ.
42 Pa. C.S.A. ~ 6302.
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