HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-3517 EquityLAWCO, INC.,
Plaintiff
Ve
TIMOTHY GREENFIELD, and
SCOTT PERRY,
individually and
t/d/b/a HYDROTECH
MECHANICAL SERVICES,
Defendant
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
CIVIL ACTION - EQUITY
NO. 94-3517 EQUITY TERM
IN RE: OPINION PURSUANT TO PA. R.A.P. 1925
Oler, J., March 19, 1997.
In this equity case involving a covenant not to compete,
Defendants have appealed to the Superior Court from a final decree
enjoining further violation of the covenant and awarding damages to
Plaintiff. The entry of the final decree was incident to the
denial of Defendants' motion for post-trial relief following entry
of a decree nisi.~
It is believed that the 27-page adjudication in this matter
dated December 20, 1996, adequately set forth the court's reasoning
on the issues raised in Defendants' motion for post-trial relief,
with the exception of one matter raised for the first time after
the adjudication, in the post-trial motion:
15. The Defendants were not afforded a
fair hearing at the preliminary injunction
hearing because they were not given ample time
to fully cross-examine adverse witnesses nor
an opportunity to present testimony which was
relevant to whether or not a preliminary
injunction should issue, and the conclusion of
the trial Judge (sic) at that juncture
influenced his perspective for the remainder
~ The terms of the decree nisi, issued on December 10, 1996,
were adopted as the final decree, on February 3, 1997. See Order
of Court, February 3, 1997 (denial of Defendants' motion for post-
trial relief and entry of decree nisi as final decree).
NO. 94-3517 EQUITY TERM
of the proceeding and the error could not be
cured by the trial judge allowing Defendants
more time than Plaintiff at the final
injunction hearing.
16. Although there was no objection on
the record as to the brief amount of time
allotted to Defendants at the preliminary
injunction hearing, the record reflects the
Court's acknowledgment of Defendants' off the
record objection in chambers during the
pendency of the preliminary injunction hearing
in that the trial court indicates that
Defendants would get more time at the final
injunction hearing than Plaintiff because
Plaintiff had more time at the preliminary
injunction hearing.2
This opinion, addressing the issue thus stated, is written
pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(a).
STATEMENT OF FACTS
As noted in the adjudication of December 20, 1996, a
preliminary injunction was issued on November 13, 1995, temporarily
enjoining Defendants from further violation of the covenant not to
compete sub judice.3 The hearing on the preliminary injunction was
held over the course of three days.4 The transcript from the
hearing consists of about 500 pages.
At the hearing on the preliminary injunction, Defendants'
cross-examination of witnesses called by Plaintiff (including
Defendants' Motion for Post-Trial Relief, paragraphs 15-16.
Opinion and Decree Nisi, December 20, 1996, slip op. at 14.
The hearing was held on February 24, 1995, September 29,
1995, and October 6, 1995.
NO. 94-3517 EQUITY TERM
Defendant Greenfield) consumed more than 180 pages, and Defendants'
direct examination of witnesses consumed abut 70 pages. Ten
exhibits were also admitted on behalf of Defendants. No objection
was made by Defendants that they did not have enough time to cross-
examine witnesses or present evidence.
The preliminary injunction issued by the court following the
hearing never took effect. Plaintiff did not post the bond
provided for, and the preliminary injunction was vacated.~
Trial in this case was held on July 1 and July 3, 1996. By
virtue of the stipulated incorporation of several proceedings into
the trial record,6 the complete trial record comprised over a
thousand pages of testimony and scores of exhibits.
DISCUSSION
In disposing of Defendant's motion for post-trial relief and
entering a final decree in favor of Plaintiff, the court did not
'find Defendants' request for relief on the basis of a lack of
opportunity for cross-examination and presentation of their case at
the preliminary injunction stage compelling. First, no objection
on this ground was made at the time. Under Pennsylvania Rule of
Civil Procedure 227.1(b)(1), it is provided as follows:
~ The preliminary injunction was vacated by the Superior
Court on appeal because it failed to specify a deadline for posting
of the bond or other security. Order of Court, No. 920 Harrisburg
1995, February 22, 1996.
See Order of Court, July 1, 1996.
NO. 94-3517 EQUITY TERM
Post-trial relief may not be granted
unless the grounds therefor, ... if then
available, were raised in pre-trial
proceedings or by motion, objection, point for
charge, request for findings of fact or
conclusions of law, offer of proof or other
appropriate method at trial ....
There are many reasons for this rule, and they have been
articulated in the past. See Dilliplaine v. Lehigh Valley Trust
Co., 457 Pa. 255, 258-59, 322 A.2d 114, 116-17 (1974).
Second, the conduct of the preliminary injunction hearing was
a moot issue. The preliminary injunction never took effect, the
court's determinations in the preliminary injunction proceeding
were not binding upon it at the trial stage,? and any perceived
deficit in time allotted to Defendants at the preliminary
injunction hearing was amply compensated for at the trial.
Third, control over the course of a judicial proceeding is
generally a matter within the sound discretion of the judge. See
Posel v. Redevelopment Authority, 72 Pa. Comm. 115, 122, 456 A.2d
243, 247 (1983). The court is unable to agree with Defendants that
it abused its discretion in terms of time available for direct and
cross-examination by their counsel, where approximately half the
hearing - representing 250 pages of transcript - was utilized for
these purposes.
Finally, the length of the trial record in the present case,
including as it does more than a thousand pages of~ transcribed
Humphreys v. Cain, 83 Pa. Commw. 176, 477 A.2d 32 (1984).
4
NO. 94-3517 EQUITY TERM
testimony, does not support the proposition that either side was
denied an opportunity to be heard. For these reasons, Defendants'
motion for post-trial relief was not granted on the ground that
Defendants had been denied a sufficient opportunity to cross-
examine witnesses and present their position at the preliminary
injunction stage of the case.
Diane G. Radcliff, Esq.
3448 Trindle Road
Camp Hill, PA 17011
Attorney for Plaintiff
Rima J. Fahl, Esq.
137 North Fifth Street
Allentown, PA 18102
Attorney for Defendants
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