HomeMy WebLinkAbout2009-5838
WILLIAM M. BREEN AND : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
SUSAN E. BREEN, : CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
PLAINTIFFS :
:
V. :
:
CARROL TRACEY, ELIZABETH :
MYERS AND BARRY SHOFF, :
DEFENDANTS : 09-5838 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: ADJUDICATION
OPINION AND INTERIM ORDER OF COURT
Masland, J., June 30, 2011:--
Although Abraham Lincoln was a wartime president, his speeches and
writings constantly appealed to “our better angels.” Perhaps, for the lawyer and
litigant, there is no better example of this principle than his Notes For A Law
Lecture dated July 1, 1850, in which he stated:
Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to
compromise whenever you can. Point out to them
how the nominal winner is often a real loser -- in fees,
expenses, and waste of time. As a peacemaker the
lawyer has a superior opportunity of being a good
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man. There will still be business enough.
The court is not suggesting that the lawyers or litigants in this matter failed
as peacemakers or neighbors. Rather, we suggest that no one will find this
opinion and order to be salutary. Rarely are there winners in litigation between
neighbors, and this case is no exception.
Abraham Lincoln’s Notes for a Law Lecture, from Abraham Lincoln Online,
1
http://showcase.netins.net/web/creative/lincoln/speeches/lawlect.htm.
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Upon assignment of this matter, and in allotting time for the trial, our note
to staff stated “this will take at least one-half day and perhaps one-half year . . . it
will surely take one-half year off my life.” That note was not intended to be a
comical self-fulfilling prophecy, but rather a recognition of the difficulty inherent in
neighborhood disputes. Nor, do we offer that assessment to garner sympathy --
our pain is short-lived and shallow compared to that of the litigants. As deep as
their despair appeared in court, the findings sought by each side would cut far
deeper than necessary. Therefore, we have endeavored to limit our findings and
conclusions to those that clean the wound. Whether it heals in the ensuing years
is beyond our charge.
Findings of Fact
I. The Parties
1. Plaintiffs William M. Breen and Susan E. Breen are adult individuals and
husband and wife residing at 107 Glendale Drive, Mechanicsburg,
Pennsylvania 17050.
2. Defendants Carrol Tracey and Barry Shoff are adult individuals residing at
104 Glendale Drive, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania 17050.
3. Defendant Elizabeth Myers, the mother of Ms. Tracey, is an adult individual
residing at 117 Glendale Drive, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania 17050.
4. The parties reside in Silver Spring Township in adjoining properties.
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II. Procedural History
5. On August 25, 2009, Plaintiffs initiated a lawsuit against Defendants which
included the following counts:
a. Conspiracy, false arrest and malicious use and abuse of process;
b. Trespass;
c. Public and private nuisance;
d. Action to quiet title.
6. On the conspiracy count, Plaintiffs seek, inter alia, monetary damages
including punitive damages for intentional infliction of emotional distress and
humiliation.
7. On the trespass count, Plaintiffs seek the removal of any pavement or fence
placed upon their property by the Defendants and for any improper use of
Plaintiffs’ property.
8. On the nuisance count, Plaintiffs seek to enjoin the Defendants from
operating ATVs and dirt bikes, operating their outside woodstoves, operating
a dog kennel and creating unsanitary conditions that cause foul odors from
the dogs to come onto the Plaintiffs’ property.
9. On the quiet title count, Plaintiffs seek a determination that the title to the
property is in accordance with the survey prepared for the parties on January
30, 1978 and consistent therewith they seek a bar on Ms. Tracey from
asserting any right, title or interest inconsistent with that survey.
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10. After several months of preliminary wrangling, Defendants filed their answer
on May 7, 2010.
11. Plaintiffs filed a praecipe listing the case for trial on August 20, 2010.
12. The court issued orders scheduling a non-jury trial for November 3, 2010 with
a pretrial conference on October 1, 2010.
13. The pretrial conference was rescheduled to October 6, 2010, at which time
the court set forth the timeline for completing discovery and filing expert
reports and/or motions and rescheduled the trial for Monday, February 28,
2011.
14. A two-day bench trial, including an observational visit to the properties with
counsel, was held on February 28, 2011 and March 1, 2011.
15. At the conclusion of the trial, the court directed the parties to submit
proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, which were received from
the Plaintiffs and Defendants on March 21, 2011 and April 11, 2011
respectively.
III. The Properties and Surveys
16. In 1978 the Breens acquired a 40 acre tract of property located in Silver
Spring Township at the aforesaid address on Glendale Drive.
17. At the time of the purchase of the property, in order to gain access from
Glendale Drive, the Breens also purchased an L-shaped strip of property
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approximately 50 feet in width extending 318.68 feet northwesterly from
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Glendale Drive and then proceeding westwardly another 728.27 feet.
18. The Breens constructed a house on the property and moved in on
September of 1978. Also located on the property is a chicken shed, horse
barn, a garage and implement sheds.
19. The northern boundary of the Breen property is shared with Carl and
Elizabeth Myers who purchased their property in 1946.
20. In 1996, the Myers conveyed to Ms. Tracey a home situated on
approximately one acre, which constitutes the eastern boundary of the Breen
property.
21. The first relevant survey of the properties was performed for Donald C.
Rimmer by Whitock & Hartman because of a dispute between the Myers and
a Mr. Houck, who owned the cabin which eventually became the property of
Ms. Tracey.
22. A second survey was done by Whitock & Hartman in 1978 at the insistence
of the bank at the time of the Breens purchase of the property.
23. In 1986, a survey was conducted by Whitock & Hartman, at the time when
Carrol and Elizabeth Myers purchased the property currently owned by Ms.
Tracey.
Although referred to throughout the proceedings and herein as a right-of-way, it
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is not an easement but is owned by the Breens.
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24. In 2007, Light-Heigel & Associates, Inc., (Light-Heigel) conducted a survey
for the Myers and Ms. Tracey.
IV. Conspiracy, False Arrest and Malicious Use
and Abuse of Process
25. On May 27, 2008, Mr. Breen went to the Silver Spring Township Office and
was informed that Ms. Tracey had filed a plan at the Courthouse regarding
her proposed kennel operation.
26. In the evening of May 27, Mr. Breen walked down through his wife’s garden
looking for the iron rebar which purportedly signified the northwest point on
the L-shaped strip of property at which the Breen, Myers and Tracey
properties met.
27. While Mr. Breen searched for the rebar on all fours Ms. Tracey’s dogs began
to bark causing her 15-year-old son, Nevin, to come out of the house and
confront Mr. Breen.
28. Nevin called his mother in a “panic” on his cell phone and she arrived at the
house shortly thereafter.
29. In response to Ms. Tracey’s call to the Silver Spring Township Police,
Officers Lindsay and Jenkins arrived at the property.
30. Ms. Tracey requested that the officers take action and may have suggested
that they “arrest” Mr. Breen for trespassing on her property.
31. The officers questioned Mr. Breen as to whether he was aware he was
trespassing on the property and harassing Nevin Tracey and the dogs.
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32. After a brief and apparently heated discussion, in which “the officer insisted I
was guilty,” Mr. Breen asked the officers to leave his property. Before
leaving, Officer Lindsay told Mr. Breen “I’m going to cite you,” to which Mr.
Breen responded “cite me!”
33. On May 30, 2008, attorneys for the Defendants sent a letter to Mr. Breen
which advised him, among other things, not to enter upon the Defendants’
properties or he would be considered as a defiant trespasser.
34. A citation was filed by the Silver Spring Township Police on or about June 5,
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2008, with Magisterial District Judge Thomas Placey charging Mr. Breen
with the summary offense of defiant trespass regarding the incident on May
27, 2008.
35. Following a hearing on the citation that was held on September 15, 2008,
and at which John Clark, a professional land surveyor with Hartman &
Associates, testified for Mr. Breen, Judge Placey issued a Protective Order
pursuant to Title 18 Section 4954 which directed the parties as follows:
(1) Mr. Breen and Mr./Ms. Tracey may have
contact via counsel or through neighborhood dispute
settlement or like services.
(2) Otherwise, above persons are not to have
direct/indirect contact
(3) The above persons are not to contact, move or
adjust the currently set survey pins, nor shall they
direct or permit others to do so,
Pl.’s Ex. No. 62.
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(4) Upon completion of NDS service protective
order vacated, without regard to outcome of the
service.
(5) This order effective for 90 days unless
terminated earlier by completion of #4.
(6) Violations of this Order are to be reported to
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Silver Spring Township Police, (717) 697-0607.
36. On December 16, 2008, after the expiration of the protective
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order, Judge Placey dismissed the citation.
37. Mr. Breen was concerned about the ramifications of this citation to his
employment at the Navy Ships Parts Control Center (SPCC).
38. Mr. Breen had been employed at SPCC since July 20, 1982 and was
engaged in classified work that required a security clearance.
39. Mr. Breen informed several friends and colleagues of his concern because of
the charge that he had “harassed a child.”
40. A co-worker at SPCC, Larry Joe Hall, described Mr. Breen as being
“obsessed over the incident” and that “it got worse as it went on.”
41. Mr. Hall recalled Mr. Breen stating “the police officer was nasty to me.”
42. None of the witnesses for Plaintiffs recalled the details of the charges;
however, all related that Mr. Breen was upset.
43. There were no adverse employment consequences incurred as a result of
the summary charge and Mr. Breen retired from SPCC in July, 2010.
Pl.’s Ex. No. 77.
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Pl.’s Ex. No. 62.
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V. Public and Private Nuisance
A. Noise (ATVs and Dirt Bikes)
44. Mr. Breen kept a diary in which he cataloged 123 incidents between June
2008 and May 2010 during which one or more ATVs or dirt bikes were
operated on Defendants’ property.
45. The operation of these vehicles was extremely bothersome to the Breens.
46. The vehicles were usually operated by the teenage sons of Ms. Tracey,
Nevin and Nathan, and occasionally by Mr. Shoff.
47. The Breens felt that “no matter where we went, as soon as we got back
along comes the four-wheeler ripping down along the fence.”
48. The vehicles were operated in all types of weather and conditions, including
rain, snow and mud.
49. The vehicles were almost always operated during daylight hours.
50. On June 21, 2008, the Breens had a picnic, which was attended by several
friends including, Heather Brinker, Debra McNemar and Dorothy McNickels,
all of whom testified that two ATVs were operated in a manner that created “a
lot of racket” and dust and made it difficult for the guests for enjoy the picnic.
51. Ronald Crandy of 134 Willow Lake Drive, Carlisle, whose property borders
the western edge of the Breen property, testified that when he was outside his
house he “could hear [the four-wheelers] all the time from Tracey’s house.”
52. Mr. Crandy had an earlier conflict with the Defendants regarding an
allegation of hunting in a safety zone.
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53. Ralph Thrush, III, a financial planner for the Breens heard the four-wheelers,
which he characterized as loud and bothersome, on three out of six occasions
in 2010 when he visited the Breen property.
54. Tina K. Snell of Spring Grove, Pennsylvania testified that when she spoke
with the Breens on the phone on one occasion, she could hear the noise of
ATVs in the background.
55. Ms. Tracey was never notified that the ATVs were bothersome by the Breens
or by their attorney in 2008 or 2009.
56. Ms. Tracey testified that if she had been told on June 21, 2008, that the
Breens and their guests were annoyed by the ATVs she could have told the
kids not to ride that day.
57. Riding ATVs is a major interest for Ms. Tracey’s teenage sons, especially for
Nathan, the youngest.
B. Odor (Dogs and Woodstove)
58. Since 1992, Ms.Tracey raised Newfoundlands and Mastiffs on the property,
which she began selling in 1993.
59. After losing her job in 2001, Ms. Tracey “ramped up” the breeding business,
which at that time involved primarily German Shepherds.
60. As of the hearing, Ms. Tracey had sixteen dogs on her property.
61. The refuse from the dogs is recycled along with the excrement from the six
horses, one donkey and three emus owned by Ms. Tracey.
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62. The Breens have one horse and have had chickens, emus and a pot-bellied
pig.
63. In addition to producing excrement, the dogs also produce noise and,
according to Ms. Tracey, “bark when you go up the lane,” something
observed by the court during its view of the property.
64. Ms. Tracey’s desires to move the dogs up towards the Myers’ house, if and
when she receives approval for the kennel (which has been built) from the
township.
65. After a hearing on October 4, 2006, at which the Breens opposed
Ms.Tracey’s request for a variance, the Silver Spring Township Zoning
Hearing Board (the Board) denied the request.
66. On or about December 14, 2006, Ms. Tracey appealed the decision to the
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Court of Common Pleas in an action docketed to 06-7128 Civil Term.
Neither the Township nor Ms. Tracey have attempted to move the litigation
forward.
67. The Breens have “no problem” with a kennel near Mrs. Myers’ home as long
as the Breens do not hear or smell the dogs and as long as the Defendants
comply with the driveway requirements.
68. Although the decision of the Board appears to have been based primarily on
the lot size and proximity with the owners, the parties testified to the need for
Pl.’s Ex. No. 64.
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Ms. Tracey to have a wider driveway, which would require her to cut down
trees on her property or acquire land from the Breens.
69. In July or August of 2008, Ms. Tracey and Mr. Shoff installed an outdoor
woodstove on their property at a cost of $8,000 to $9,000 because their
indoor woodstove was inadequate.
70. The Breens also own a woodstove.
71. Although both the Tracey home and Myers’ home have outdoor woodstoves,
the Breens chief complaint concerns the Tracey stove, because it is used
throughout the year to provide hot water.
72. Although not definitively set forth in the testimony, based on the surveys and
our view, the Breen house lies between 250 and 300 yards due west of the
Tracey woodstove.
73. Ms. Tracey and Mr. Shoff insist that they burn the same wood outdoors that
they used to burn indoors; however, the Breens insist that the smell
emanating from the stove comes from plastic or trash.
74. On April 2, 2011, Officer Sabadish of the Silver Spring Township Police
Department received a 911 call about a “smoke” complaint to respond to the
Breen property.
75. Upon his arrival, Officer Sabadish noted the smell of something other than
wood, but acknowledges it could have been trash burning in a backyard,
which is presumably permitted in Silver Spring Township.
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76. Not surprisingly, the parties cannot agree on the direction of the wind, with
the Breens insisting that it comes from the north, northeast east and
southeast whereas the Defendants insist the winds are the so-called
“prevailing westerlies.”
77. The Tracey’s stove is filled twice a day on cold days and, according to Ms.
Tracey, produces a fair amount of smoke when it is first filled but hardly
anything after it reaches the ambient temperature.
78. The Defendants may occasionally burn green wood, which produces more
smoke.
VI. Trespass and Quiet Title
79. James R. Skonezney has been employed by Whitock & Hartman (now
Hartman & Associates and hereafter referred to as “Hartman”) since
September of 1982.
80. Mr. Skonezney “worked up through the ranks” and has been the chief of the
surveying crew for 20 years.
81. Mr. Skonezney is not a licensed professional surveyor, having taken the
exam but failed to pass.
82. Over the thirty years of his experience, Mr. Skonezney has been involved
with the subject properties a few times.
83. Using the survey introduced as Plaintiff’s Exhibit A-2, (the Worksheet) Mr.
Skonezney determined that the fence depicted in the photographs marked as
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Plaintiffs’ Exhibits 5-23 “clearly encroached [at] various distances” along the
north side of the Breen’s 50 foot L-shaped right-of-way.
84. The wooden stakes with red flags depicted in Plaintiff’s Exhibits 5-23 are at
locations where Mr. Skonezney placed iron pins approximately 30 years ago.
85. Mr. Breen testified that the aforesaid fence was erected for Ms. Tracey by
T.E.L. Installations, the same company that erected a fence
contemporaneously on the Breen property.
86. Ms. Tracey informed T.E.L. Installations to follow the pins which ran between
the Breen and Myers properties, north of the Breen’s driveway.
87. When the fence was erected, Mr. Breen did not know or care that it was
partially on his property because “we were friends – I took their word.”
88. Mr. Breen did not learn that the fence was on his property until August of
2009.
89. Mr. Breen testified to a possible encroachment on the eastern side of the
property where the Defendants placed macadam on the driveway/access
road in 2004-2005.
90. Mr. Breen said the encroachment of the macadam varied from a couple of
inches to four to five feet.
91. Mr. Breen “knew there was a problem [with the macadam] but didn’t want to
start a war.”
92. David W. Downey has been employed since 1972 with Hartman.
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93. Mr. Downey was licensed in 1991 by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Bureau of Professional Occupational Affairs as a professional land surveyor
and maintains his license to this day.
94. Mr. Downey has reviewed all the relevant surveys and “a large amount of
data” regarding the Breen, Tracey and Myers properties.
95. Mr. Downey has also surveyed lands to north, east and west of the subject
properties, including the Mechanicsburg Men’s Club property which is
situated on the southern side of the Breen’s right-of-way.
96. In response to defense counsel’s suggestion that there was a gap in the
properties which also affected the Mechanicsburg Men’s Club, Mr. Downey
forcefully asserted that all the tracts were contiguous.
97. The Worksheet is the work product of Mr. Downey.
98. Mr. Downey has been involved with all of the Hartman surveys of the
aforesaid properties, including the 1986 survey, which was prepared for the
Myers and the Breens.
99. The only complaint Mr. Downey received from Mrs. Myers regarding the
1986 survey had to do with the “Barrick” property, which was located north of
the Tracey property. Mrs. Myers did not have any complaints regarding the
points along the Breen property.
100. The northern most line along the Breens’ L-shaped property according to
the Hartman surveys is 728 feet. Whereas the Light-Heigel survey depicts it
as 719.64 feet.
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101. Mr. Downey opined that the Light-Heigel survey improperly used iron
rebars whereas Hartman used original monuments, such as stone piles.
102. The accepted “survey boundary hierarchy” recognized by professional
land surveyors ranks original monuments, such as stone piles, highest and
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ranks distances lowest in terms of preferred means of setting a boundary.
103. Mr. Downey opined that the Light-Heigel surveyors relied on pins “that
weren’t there when we did [our survey].”
104. Mr. Downey asserted that the Light-Heigel survey “was based on what
they found, but it doesn’t make what they found good.”
105. Mr. Downey met with the Light-Heigel surveyors and had the
understanding that they were going to change their survey.
106. No one testified from Light-Heigel.
107. Defendant’s expert, Mark Romeo, a professional land surveyor for 16
years, met with representative of Hartman and Light-Heigel.
108. Mr. Romeo noted that both Hartman and Light-Heigel used “sound
practices” and could not say that either survey was incorrect.
109. Mr. Romeo noted that Hartman used original monuments in setting the
boundary between the easterly line of the Breen property and the westerly
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line of Myers.
Pl.’s Ex. No. 74.
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Def.’s Ex. No. 4.
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110. Mr. Romeo noted that some evidence that Hartman relied upon was no
longer intact when Light-Heigel did their survey.
111. Mr. Romeo noted that only the Light-Heigel survey “showed
inconsistences.”
112. Mr. Romeo noted that only the Light-Heigel survey created a gap between
the Breen and Tracey properties.
113. The Decree Nisi entered by the Honorable George E. Hoffer on April 21,
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1983, is not dispositive of the boundary issues in this dispute.
VII. Relationship of the Parties
114. When the Traceys moved to the property, they had a very close
relationship with the Breens.
115. Mrs. Breen testified that she loved Nevin and Nathan Tracey “very much
and I still do.”
116. The Breens close relationship with the boys was also depicted in Plaintiff’s
Exhibit 75, which included numerous photos of the Breens and the boys
interacting.
117. The relationship began to change in the early 2000s when some heavy
equipment that was used on the Tracey property backed up onto the Breen
property causing ruts.
Def.’s Ex. No. 3.
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118. The decision in 2006 of Ms. Tracey to move the kennel near Mrs. Myers’
home and the resulting proceedings with the Zoning Hearing Board ultimately
soured the party’s relationship, and gave rise to the instant litigation.
119. Mrs. Breen noted, regretfully, that she is “very sorry it came to this,” and
described Mr. Breen as having “a big wound that is festering.”
120. The parties did not use the services of Neighborhood Dispute Settlement
as suggested by Judge Placey.
VIII. Discussion
It is no coincidence that we ended our findings by referring to the
relationship of the parties. We cannot help but think that had they spent more
time focusing on the pictures in Plaintiff’s Exhibit 75 and less time on the plethora
of other exhibits, this matter would not be before us. Unfortunately, the time for
mediation has passed and we must fashion a judgment with the tools we are
given. In doing so we turn first to the incident that not only gave rise to the cause
of action for conspiracy, false arrest and malicious use and abuse of process, but
also was the decisive blow to the parties’ relationship.
The mere act of calling the police and saying “arrest him” after receiving a
frantic call from one’s teenage son, who sees a neighbor crawling in the bushes
with a chorus of dogs in the background, does not constitute malicious use and
abuse of process. The actions of Ms. Tracey did not cause a criminal proceeding
to be initiated against Mr. Breen. More likely than not, the anger Mr. Breen
displayed in his interaction with the Silver Spring Police officers ensured that he
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would be cited for the alleged trespass. Generally, when one tells an officer to
“cite me,” one receives a citation.
Nor, do we find anything malicious in the fact that Defendants’ attorney
sent a boilerplate defiant trespass letter to Mr. Breen between the date of the
incident and the date that the police filed the citation. The purpose of the letter
was to keep Mr. Breen off the Defendants’ property and was not designed to
cause him emotional stress, financial loss or harm to his reputation.
Furthermore, the act of sending copies of the trespass letter to the police is a
common manner of notifying the authorities that a warning has been
communicated pursuant to 18 Pa.C.S. § 3503(b)(1). The letter was certainly not
in furtherance of any conspiracy and did not cause the citation to be issued.
Plaintiff made much of the dismissal by Judge Placey as a vindication of
Mr. Breen and a condemnation of Ms. Tracey. We disagree. Looking at the
timeline between the hearing (9/15/08) and the decision (12/16/08) we surmise
that Judge Placey was providing a cooling off period for both sides. Once the 90
days expired without further incident, he was content to dismiss the action, as we
would have done.
Having found there was no conspiracy or unlawful arrest, we need not
address Plaintiffs claim for punitive damages for the intentional or negligent
infliction of emotional distress. We do not discount the genuineness of the
Breens’ emotions; however, the genesis for their distress, cannot be placed
solely at the doorstep of their neighbors.
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Turning to the nuisance count, we note initially that the complaint focused
solely on noise from the ATVs and dirt bikes and on the odor of the woodstoves
and dogs. With respect to both noise and odor, the claim of a public nuisance
must fail. The testimony of one neighbor and several guests regarding ATV
noise, does not transform the complained of nuisances into ones that affect the
“community at large.” Karpiak v. Russo, 676 A.2d 270, 274-75 (Pa. Super.
1996). Therefore, we turn to the Restatement (Second) of Torts Section 822
which provides the following regarding private nuisances:
One is subject to liability for private nuisance, if, but only
if, his conduct is a legal cause of an invasion of another’s
interest in the private use and enjoyment of land and the
invasion is either (a) intentional and unreasonable, or (b)
unintentional and otherwise actionable under the rules
controlling liability for negligence or reckless conduct, or
for abnormally dangerous conditions or activities.
Because there is no claim that the Defendants acted negligently, we must
determine if their conduct was intentional and unreasonable. Moreover, we must
determine if the invasion created “significant harm” pursuant to Restatement
(Second) of Torts Section 821(F). Finally, we must also consider the community
in which the alleged conduct occurred to determine “[i]f normal persons living in
the community would regard the invasion in question as definitely offensive,
seriously annoying or intolerable … .” Russo, 676 A.2d at 273. With that
background, we will address the alleged conduct of the Defendants.
Mr. Breen began cataloging the riding behavior of Nevin and Nathan in
earnest after he was cited for defiant trespass. Prior to that time, the Breens may
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have been annoyed by the noise from the ATVs; however, at that time it was
generated by beloved neighbor boys. Once the citation was issued, the noise
was no longer tolerable largely because it was created by the enemy. Our
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review of the 123 incidences of ATV riding indicate that relatively few were for
an extended period of more than a few minutes (other than June 21, 2008, the
day of the picnic) and fewer still occurred in the twilight or evening hours. In
2009, the one full year of cataloging, the Breens were apparently bothered on 38
occasions. It appears the Tracey boys are more attracted to mud and snow than
by a desire to harass and annoy. Their behavior is what one would expect from
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teenagers and does not strike us as outrageous. In fact, under the
circumstances, we would expect teenage boys to ride their ATVs 365 days a
year.
Just as important as the timing of Mr. Breens diary is the fact that there
was no testimony of the Defendants being asked to cease and desist, either
directly by the Breens or by their counsel. Perhaps, that would have been futile,
but in the absence of a request and a refusal to comply, the court is reticent to
deem teenage boys tearing up their own property a nuisance. Nevertheless, we
Pl.’s Ex. No. 63.
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Mark Twain is credited with saying that when a boy reaches age 13 he should
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be placed in a barrel with a hole in the top for food and water. And, when the boy
reaches 16, you should plug up the hole. We will not plug the hole for the Tracey
boys who are now approximately 18 and 16 respectively. Having progressed
from soccer to ATVs, perhaps they are ready to progress from ATVs to more
dangerous, though less noisy, hobbies like girls and cars.
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admonish Ms. Tracey to more closely monitor the riding behaviors of her sons to
ensure that neither the timing nor frequency of their rides are designed to or
capable of causing annoyance to the Breens or any of their neighbors.
Although Plaintiffs did not include noise from the dogs in their nuisance
claim, substantial testimony was received at trial. Had it been raised in the
complaint, the evidence did not rise to the level of a serious annoyance which
must be enjoined. Ms. Tracey has housed numerous dogs on her property since
2001, and, no doubt, they barked before the citation was issued on June 5, 2008.
That may have amplified the noise to the Breens, but in the absence of more
compelling testimony, it does not constitute a nuisance. To the extent that the
Breens have endured sleepless nights (which was not claimed with respect to the
noise), we suggest it has more to do with the pain from broken friendships than
noise from barking dogs.
With respect to the odor from the dogs, we note, as with the ATVs, the
parties live in an agricultural area where “odors happen.” Both parties have their
share of animals, though Ms. Tracey’s dogs are above the norm. As such, to be
bothered by the odor while mowing and working outside or when it rains, strikes
the court as the price one pays for living in the country. Moreover, but for
township zoning constraints, the plan of Ms. Tracey is to move the dogs to a
location that, conceivably, would be less annoying to the Breens. That does not
strike the court as the behavior of someone who is vexatious. Just as the
trespass citation heightened the Breens’ sense of hearing, it also heightened
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their sense of smell. In fact, any movement by the Defendants was perceived as
a calculated attack. The Defendants have not been good neighbors, but they are
not that designing.
The final complaint raised by the Breens under the nuisance count
concerns the smoke from the Defendants’ outdoor woodstoves, with the primary
culprit being the Tracey stove that is used throughout the year. We have no
doubt that when the smoke travels west towards the Breen household, it is
annoying. Nevertheless, the use of woodstoves in rural areas is not unusual,
which is borne out by the fact that ordinances regulating their use are becoming
common place. It is sadly ironic that by calling Officer Sabadish to the stand to
bolster their argument that Defendants are burning something other than wood in
their stoves, Plaintiffs raised the court’s awareness of how frayed the nerves of
the Breens have become. Perhaps the saying, “you had to be there” applies, but
it strikes us as excessive to call 911 to summon a police officer to your property
to smell smoke.
The Defendants purchased the stoves in order to save money in heating
their house, not to annoy the Breens. To the extent there is any smoke from the
stoves, and Plaintiff’s Exhibits 28A-35 depicted no massive plumes, the
Defendants’ bear the brunt of it and, hence have a greater interest in having a
“clean” burn. Although, this nuisance claim falls short, we urge the Defendants to
comply with the township regulations regarding woodstoves in general and, in
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particular, to refrain from burning therein any substance that might produce
noxious smoke.
Having addressed the counts for which Plaintiffs did not meet their burden,
we turn to those on which they did, namely, trespass and the action to quiet title.
The determination of these issues is relatively straight forward; however, the
circumstances of this case make their resolution anything but easy.
With respect to the boundary dispute, Plaintiffs presented unrebutted
expert testimony on the location of their boundaries. Defendants’ expert, Mark
Romeo, was permitted to testify over the objection of Plaintiffs because they
were not prejudiced, having had sufficient notice prior to trial of the existence of
an expert for Defendants, and, more importantly, the court viewed his testimony
as necessary in finding all relevant and probative evidence. Ultimately, Mr.
Romeo served to confirm more than question the testimony of Mr. Downey and
Mr. Skonezney.
Therefore, we find that the surveyors from Hartman & Associates are the
true experts with respect to the subject properties, having surveyed the area for
well over 50 years and credit their survey as correct. We conclude that the fence
erected on behalf of the Defendants does in fact encroach on the Breen property,
albeit in a relatively insignificant fashion. Furthermore, we find that the
calculations set forth on the Worksheet (Plaintiff’s Exhibit A-2) constitute the true
and accurate boundaries for the respective properties.
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Perhaps, had the parties used the services of Neighborhood Dispute
Settlement in 2008, as suggested by Judge Placey, a boundary agreement would
have already been reached. In the absence of that, we are constrained to direct
that Hartman & Associates, Inc., prepare a legal description for the Breen
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property in accordance with the surveys entered into evidence at trial. The
Defendants shall recognize this legal description as providing the official, final
and definitive border for the properties and they shall be barred from asserting
any right, lien, title or interest in the land inconsistent with that description.
Defendants shall remove those sections of their fence that encroach upon
the Breen’s property. The Defendants shall not be required to remove the
macadam from the access road; however, if and when Defendant Tracey makes
improvements to the access road in order to comply with any township
requirements related to her kennel or if Defendants otherwise improve or replace
the access road, such improvements shall be made to ensure that they occur
solely on Defendants’ land in accordance with the aforesaid legal description.
Accordingly, we enter the following order.
INTERIM ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of June, 2011, following a two-day bench
IT IS ORDERED AND DIRECTED
trial, as follows:
Plaintiffs submitted a proposed order containing a legal description however we
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direct that it be reviewed and resubmitted.
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1. Plaintiffs’ claims for conspiracy, false arrest and malicious use and abuse
DENIED
of process are and a verdict is entered in favor of Defendants.
DENIED
2. Plaintiffs’ nuisance claims are and a verdict is entered in favor of
Defendants.
GRANTED
3. Plaintiffs’ claim for trespass is and, in the absence of a
boundary agreement between the parties, Defendants are directed to
remove those sections of their fence that encroach upon Plaintiffs’
property within 60 days of the final order of court, which shall set forth the
boundaries of the property. Defendants are not directed to remove those
portions of macadam on their access road which encroach upon the
Plaintiffs’ property at this time. However, when improvements or repairs
are made to the access road, Defendants shall ensure that any macadam
encroaching on Plaintiffs’ property, as determined by the legal description
hereafter set forth, is removed.
GRANTED
4. Plaintiffs’ action to quiet title is . A legal description shall be
prepared by Hartman & Associates, Inc. in accordance with their survey of
1986 and the calculations set forth in Plaintiffs’ Exhibit A-2. It appearing
that the submitted version of this description contains at least one
typographical error, Plaintiffs shall verify the correctness of the description
and resubmit it to the court within 10 days of this interim order. After entry
of a final order of court, Defendants shall be forever barred from asserting
any right, lien, title or interest in the land inconsistent with this legal
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description. Furthermore, any plan or survey prepared for the Defendants
that is inconsistent with Plaintiffs’ legal description is declared to be
invalid.
5. No further relief is granted to either party.
By the Court,
Albert H. Masland, J.
Lee C. Swartz, Esquire
For Plaintiffs
Karl E. Rominger, Esquire
For Defendants
:saa
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