HomeMy WebLinkAboutCP-21-CR-0003463-2010
COMMONWEALTH : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
V. :
:
:
SHANE A. BURKETT : CP-21-CR-3463-2010
IN RE: OMNIBUS PRETRIAL MOTION
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Masland, J., July 7, 2011:--
Before the court is the omnibus pretrial motion filed by Defendant, Shane
A. Burkett. For the following reasons, the motion is denied in part and granted in
part.
I. Facts
Defendant faces charges related to the possession of child pornography.
The alleged child pornography was discovered on Defendant's home computer
during a police investigation looking for computers sharing such material over
peer to peer internet sharing programs. The investigation indicated that the IP
address associated with Defendant's physical address was offering to share
apparent child pornography. After receiving a warrant, police searched
Defendant's residence and seized computers and related electronics that were
suspected of storing child pornography. During this search, police also
discovered illegal steroids. Following the search, two criminal complaints were
filed against Defendant: one for the illegal steroids and one for the alleged child
pornography.
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
At the preliminary hearing, both complaints were addressed in the same
proceeding due to the Magisterial District Judge's preference. There was no
Commonwealth motion to consolidate the charges. After the hearing, the illegal
steroid charges were bound over for trial and the child pornography charges
were dismissed. The child pornography charges were not immediately refiled.
Instead, six months later, Defendant pled guilty to the steroid charges and
received a probationary sentence. Roughly six weeks later, the Commonwealth
moved to refile the child pornography charges and that motion was granted.
The circumstances of Defendant's plea are disputed. Defendant contends
that he understood the plea to be in satisfaction of all charges against him,
including those related to child pornography. The Commonwealth disagrees and
maintains the plea agreement related exclusively to the illegal steroids charges.
After a hearing, we agree with the Commonwealth and find that Defendant's plea
agreement was limited to the illegal steroids charges and had no effect on the
subsequently refiled child pornography charges. However, we also agree with
Defendant that the Commonwealth must provide his computer forensic expert
with a duplicate copy of any digital media seized from his residence allegedly
containing child pornography, subject to a strict protective order.
II. Discussion
Defendant raises three issues in his omnibus pretrial motion: (1) the
instant prosecution is barred by the former prosecution and sentence imposed
pursuant to Defendant's agreement to plead as charged to possession of illegal
-2-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
steroids; (2) the Commonwealth's nine month delay in refiling the child
pornography charges resulted in undue and impermissible prejudice to
Defendant's ability to defendant against those charges; and (3) the
Commonwealth most provide Defendant's expert a copy of the computer hard
drive allegedly containing child pornography subject to an appropriate protective
order pursuant to Commonwealth v. Michaels, 59 Cumb. 260 (2010).
A. Former Prosecution
Defendant contends the Commonwealth made a calculated decision to
delay prosecuting him for the child pornography until after he had been
sentenced for the steroid charges thereby amounting to a "successive
prosecution" violation. We disagree.
Relevant here, a prosecution is barred by the former prosecution resulting
in a conviction of a different offense where the subsequent prosecution is for:
(i) any offense of which the defendant could have
been convicted on the first prosecution;
(ii) any offense based on the same conduct or arising
from the same criminal episode, if such offense was
known to the appropriate prosecuting officer at the
time of the commencement of the first trial and
occurred within the same judicial district as the former
prosecution unless the court ordered a separate trial
of the charge of such offense; or
(iii) the same conduct, unless:
(A) the offense of which the defendant was formerly
convicted or acquitted and the offense for which he is
subsequently prosecuted each requires proof of a fact
not required by the other and the law defining each of
-3-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
such offenses is intended to prevent a substantially
different harm or evil; or
(B) the second offense was not consummated when
the former trial began.
18 Pa. C.S. §110. (emphasis added).
The instant prosecution is not barred by Defendant's prior prosecution for
illegal steroids possession. First, at the time of the steroids prosecution, the child
pornography charges had been dismissed and had yet to be refiled. Accordingly,
there were no child pornography charges pending against Defendant at the time
of his steroids guilty plea, so those charges did not arise from an “offense of
which the defendant could have been convicted on the first prosecution ...." 18
Pa. C.S. §110(1)(i).
Second, even to the extent that the two sets of charges can be considered
to be based on the same conduct, each offense requires the proof of several
facts not required by the other and the two offenses are clearly designed to
prevent substantially different harms or evils. 18 Pa. C.S. §110(1)(iii)(A). Here,
the only fact arguably shared by the two sets of offenses is the possessory
element. In all other respects, the offenses require proof of different facts.
Finally, Defendant claims the Commonwealth misled him regarding the
scope of his guilty plea to the steroids charges. On this additional basis he
claims the instant prosecution is barred as an impermissible successive
prosecution. At the hearing on this motion, the Commonwealth provided the
-4-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
testimony of Senior Assistant District Attorney Peck who had been responsible
for Defendant's prosecution and guilty plea. She credibly testified that
Defendant's guilty plea agreement was limited to the steroids charges and was
never made in consideration for the abandonment of the child pornography
charges. The court finds this testimony credible and rejects Defendant's contrary
assertions. For all these reasons, we conclude that the instant prosecution is not
barred by Defendant's previous prosecution and conviction for illegal steroids
possession.
B. Prejudicial Delay in Refiling Charges
Defendant argues the Commonwealth's nine-month delay in refiling the
instant charges after their initial dismissal unduly prejudices his ability to defend
against the charges and they should therefore be dismissed. We disagree.
Defendant's argument here is similar to those already addressed in the
previous section of this opinion. Again, he argues that he relied on alleged
representations by the Commonwealth that his guilty plea to the steroids charges
would dispose of any potential child pornography charges. Further, he claims
that SADA Peck asserted at the time the pornography charges were dismissed
that she would “immediately refile” the charges. Supposedly, the failure to refile
the charges immediately renders them stale.
As before, we rely on SADA Peck's credible testimony that no agreement
to dispose of the pornography charges existed. Additionally, the charges were
undoubtedly filed before the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations and
-5-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
Defendant has failed to identify any other facts to support his argument of unfair
prejudice. See 42 Pa. C.S. §5552(b.1) (establishing 12-year limitations period for
major sexual offenses). With respect to the failure to refile the charges
immediately, we find SADA Peck’s testimony, supported by the testimony and
police report of Detective Sergeant Bock to be eminently credible. In short, upon
dismissal of the charges, SADA Peck immediately stated her intention to refile
and determined that a full forensic review of the evidence would be required
before doing so. After a charge of this nature is dismissed, it is not unreasonable
to proceed meticulously with the forensic work and subsequent consultations.
Even if SADA Peck had stated “I will immediately refile these charges,”
that would not have been a binding statement on which the Defendant or counsel
could or should rely. The fact remains the charges were refiled within the
applicable statute of limitations. Accordingly, we reject Defendant's argument
and conclude the Commonwealth may proceed with the instant prosecution.
C. Access to Computer Data
Finally, Defendant seeks access to a duplicate copy of the computer data
seized from his residence and now in the Commonwealth's possession allegedly
containing child pornography for forensic analysis. The Commonwealth opposes
this request relying on a federal law prohibiting such a transfer. For the following
reasons, we reject the Commonwealth's position and grant Defendant's request
subject to a strict protective order.
This court was presented with identical facts in the case of
-6-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
Commonwealth v. Michaels, 59 Cumb. 260 (2010), motion for permission to
appeal interlocutory granted, 106 MDM 2010, appeal discontinued by
Commonwealth, 220 MDA 2011. There we concluded that the Federal rule
preventing duplication of alleged child pornography in the context of a criminal
prosecution to not apply to the Commonwealth and concluded the Pennsylvania
Rules of Criminal Procedure permitted such duplication subject to a strict
protective order. We find that case indistinguishable from the instant matter and
accordingly come to the same conclusion here. See Appendix for Protective
Order.
III. Conclusion
For the aforementioned reasons, the court reaches the following
conclusions: (1) Defendant's prosecution for the instant child pornography
related charges is not precluded on the basis of a "successive prosecution"
violation; (2) Defendant was not unduly prejudiced by the Commonwealth's nine-
month delay in refiling the charges against him; (3) Defendant is entitled to have
his forensic expert provided with a duplicate copy of any computer media seized
from his residence that allegedly contains child pornography subject to the
protective order appended to this opinion and order of court.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of July, 2011, (1) Defendant's prosecution for the
instant child pornography related charges is not precluded on the basis of a
"successive prosecution" violation; (2) Defendant was not unduly prejudiced by
-7-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
the Commonwealth's nine-month delay in refiling the charges against him; (3)
Defendant is entitled to have his forensic expert provided with a duplicate copy of
any computer media seized from his residence that allegedly contains child
pornography subject to the protective order appended to this opinion and order of
court.
By the Court,
Albert H. Masland, J.
Christin J. Mehrtens-Carlin, Esquire
Assistant District Attorney
Roger R. Laguna, Jr., Esquire
For Defendant
:saa
-8-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
Appendix – Protective Order
1. The Commonwealth shall provide Defendant's forensic expert,
, a duplicate copy of the computer hard drive seized from Defendant
allegedly containing child pornography, necessarily including any and all actual
or alleged child pornography or contraband contained thereon. The details of the
delivery from the Commonwealth to shall be arranged by counsel.
shall maintain the duplicate hard drive as follows:
a. The duplicate hard drive shall be maintained by in
accordance with this Order, and shall be used by him solely and
exclusively in connection with this case.
b. The duplicate hard drive shall be maintained by in a
locked file or cabinet at all times, except while being actively utilized
for forensic analysis as provided for in this Order.
c. A copy of this Order shall be kept with the duplicate hard drive at
all times.
d. The duplicate hard drive shall be accessed and viewed only by
or anyone working with him on this case, including
defense counsel.
e. The duplicate hard drive and all material contained therein (in
particular, any graphic image containing actual or alleged child
pornography) shall not be copied, reproduced, distributed,
disseminated, electronically stored, uploaded, or downloaded or
-9-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
used for any purpose other than the defense of this action.
f. Defendant himself shall not be permitted to access or view any
graphic image file containing actual or alleged child pornography on
the duplicate hard drive, without petition and prior order of this
Court.
g. The computer into which the duplicate hard drive is connected
for access and operation shall be a dedicated, non-networked
computer and the computer and duplicate hard drive shall be locked
and secured when not in use.
h. The computer to which the duplicate hard drive is connected may
be connected to a printer only under the following conditions: that
any printer utilized is a local printer, that the printer may be
connected only when and as necessary to print non-graphic image
files, and that shall be personally present at all times
a printer is connected.
i. Defense counsel and shall execute the
acknowledgement and acceptance of the terms of this order as set
forth below.
2. Within 30 days of termination of this matter shall return
(or cause the return of) the duplicate hard drive to an appropriate representative
of the Commonwealth. shall ensure that the materials
contained on the duplicate hard drive are completely and irretrievably deleted
-10-
CP-21-CR-3463-2010
from the computer on which the materials were viewed. Upon the return of the
duplicate hard drive, shall file a brief report to the Court specifying
that the terms of this Order have been complied with, reporting the return of the
duplicate hard drive, and certifying the deletion of the material from the computer
on which they were viewed.
The undersigned hereby acknowledges that they will comply with the
terms of the protective order.
Roger R. Laguna, Jr., Esquire
(Date) (Date)
-11-
COMMONWEALTH : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
V. :
:
:
SHANE A. BURKETT : CP-21-CR-3463-2010
IN RE: OMNIBUS PRETRIAL MOTION
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of July, 2011, (1) Defendant's prosecution for the
instant child pornography related charges is not precluded on the basis of a
"successive prosecution" violation; (2) Defendant was not unduly prejudiced by
the Commonwealth's nine-month delay in refiling the charges against him; (3)
Defendant is entitled to have his forensic expert provided with a duplicate copy of
any computer media seized from his residence that allegedly contains child
pornography subject to the protective order appended to this opinion and order of
court.
By the Court,
Albert H. Masland, J.
Christin J. Mehrtens-Carlin, Esquire
Assistant District Attorney
Roger R. Laguna, Jr., Esquire
For Defendant
:saa