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HomeMy WebLinkAbout91-1531 Civil · ,~rse~f and on : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF of her minor h~__behalf : c"~uren: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, TOREN j. HALL and : KYRIE S. HALL, : PENNSYLVANIA : CIVIL ACTION Plaintiff : - LAW v. : NO. 1531 CIVIL 1991 : JOHN p. HALL, : Defendant : : PROTECTION FROM ABUSE OPINION PURSU_ANT TO PA. R.A.p. 1925 O/er, j., September 29, 1994. At iSSue in the present appeal to the Superior Court is an Order of this Court denying Defendant,s petition for modification of a protection from abuse order. Although the matter would appear to be moot,~ the issues raised in the herein, appeal will be addressed Statement of Facts The present protection from abuse case was commenced in 1991 by Sherrill R. Hall (Plaintiff), on behalf of herself and her minor children Toren j. Hall and Kyrie S. Hall (Children), against her husband and their father, John p. Hall (Defendant). As a result of this initial filing, a protective order was entered on May 13, 1991. On February 27, 1992, the order was Vacated by agreement of the parties.~ ~ The protection from abuse order in question expired by its terms on September 9, 1994. 0 the Order i b~.this ~eptember 9, 1993 Order of Court, July 20, 1994. r __o ~ready nearly moo~ ~catlon, the matte j2~=_~lme of issuance ' See Docket Entries, Hall v. Hall, No. 1531 Civil 1991, May 13, 1991 (Bayley, j.), and February 27, 1992 (Bayley, j.). A subsequent petition for protective order was filed by Plaintiff on August 30, 1993.3 It alleged various incidents of abuse on the part of Defendant, including the following: Defendant's pursuit of Plaintiff in a car, the shoving and forcing of Plaintiff into a house, a violent shaking of Plaintiff, the subjection of Plaintiff to a series of punches, a bashing of Plaintiff's headlights with a sledgehammer, and incidents of force inflicted upon the Children.4 The petition resulted in the issuance of a temporary protective order by the Honorable Edgar B. Bayley on August 30, 1993, and the scheduling of a hearing for September 9, 1993.5 Defendant filed an answer to the petition for protective order, containing denials such as "[t]here was no punching, although there was a 'poking,'" and "one headlight was broken by Defendant when he found a number of unexplained letters ... [that] made him think [Plaintiff] may be involved in a mental, if not physical, adulterous relationship..6 3 Petition for Protective Order, August 30, 1993. In the interim, it appears that another petition for protective order was filed by Plaintiff in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. See Petition for Protective Order, Hall v. Hall, No. 1531 Civil 1991 (Exhibit B). This petition was withdrawn by Plaintiff. Id., paragraph 4(i). Id. Temporary Protective Order, August 30, 1993. 6 Defendant's Answers to Plaintiff's Petition for Protective Order, filed September 9, 1993. 2 At the hearing on September 9, 1993, an agreement was negotiated between the parties. Pursuant to the agreement, the following Order was entered by the writer of this Opinion: AND NOW, this 9th day of September, 1993, upon stipulation of the parties, the following protective order is entered: 1. The Defendant, John P. Hall, now residing at 1219 Willow Mill Road, Sherrie-John Manor, Mechanicsburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, is hereby enjoined from having any ~irect or indirect contact with the Plaintiff or their m~nor children, including but not limited to, telephone and written communications except as herein after provided, and the Plaintiff, Sherrill K. Hall, presently residing at an undisclosed location, is enjoined from having any direct or indirect contact with the Defendant, except as herein after provided. 2. The Defendant is enjoined from entering the Plaintiff's place of employment or the schools of the parties' minor children. 3. The parties are prohibited and enjoined from damaging, or destroying, selling or making any other disposition of property jointly owned by either party or owned solely by either party or any personal property currently located at Sherrie-John Manor. 4. The parties are enjoined to stay away from the residence where the other party is residing or any other location that the party would in the future reside. The Plaintiff may visit Sherrie-John Manor each Monday from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. The Defendant agrees to be absent from Sherrie-John Manor on those days and hours. 5. Temporary legal and physical custody of the minor children is awarded to the Plaintiff pending expert evaluation of the parties and the children and further Order of Court and subject to the visitation as herein after set forth. 6. The parties agree to cooperate with counseling of the children with Dr. Steven Lindenberg of Hershey, Pennsylvania, or any other professional to whom the parties agree and to insure that all scheduled appointments, as recommended by Dr. Lindenberg, be kept with both the children and the parties, (including the 10:00 and 11:00 appointments on September 10, 1993, with Dr. Lindenberg) and further, that the parties agree to at 3 least two joint counseling sessions with them and Dr. Lindenberg. All counseling costs are to be borne by Defendant. 7. The parties agree to visitation between the father and the children supervised by Dr. Lindenberg or such other professional to whom the parties agree at least once a week, a minimum of two hours each visit, all costs of such visitation to be borne by the Defendant. 8. The parties agree that the children shall be permitted to call their father twice a week on Tuesday and Thursday between the hours of 5:00 and 5:30 p.m. or such other date and times as the parties may agree. 9. The parties agree to appear before Judge Oler on October 7, 1993, at 3:15 p.m. for a further hearing on this matter. 10. Defendant shall pay the sum of $300.00 per week through Plaintiff's counsel, pending further Order of Court, the first payment due today. 11. The appropriate police departments will be provided with a copy of this Order by counsel for both parties. This Order shall be enforced by any law enforcement agency where a violation occurs by arrest for indirect criminal contempt without warrant upon probable cause that this Order has been violated, whether or not the violation is committed in the presence of the police officer. In the event that an arrest is made under this section, the party violating the Order shall be taken without unnecessary delay before the Court that issued the Order. When that Court is unavailable, the party violating the Order shall be taken before the appropriate district justice. (23 P.S. Section 6113). 12. This Protective Order shall remain in effect for a period of one year from the date hereof, pending further Order of Court. A "Petition To Consolidate for Hearing Purposes" was filed by Plaintiff on October 7, 1993. The petition sought consolidation of a custody proceeding between the parties with the protection from abuse matter, for hearing purposes. Defendant (now appellant) opposed the requested consolidation. The Court entered an Order denying the petition for consolidation.? A "Petition for Contempt" was filed by Defendant on October 7, 1993. This petition alleged various infractions of the September 9, 1993, protective order on the part of Plaintiff, including averments that Plaintiff "[1]eft the home in an unlocked condition after her first visit with one door to the home wide open," and that she "[a]ppeared at the home for her inspection with numerous unknown persons, including her attorney .... ..8 Pursuant to an agreement of the parties, an Order was entered deferring action on the petition.9 At a hearing held on October 7, 1993, before the writer of this Opinion, pursuant to paragraph 9 of the September 9, 1993, Order, another agreement was eventually reached between the parties. In accordance with that agreement, the Court entered the following order: AND NOW, this 7th day of October, 1993, upon, consideration of the Protection from Abuse Petition filed in this case, and in accordance with Paragraph 9 of the Order entered on September 9, 1993, which provided for a further hearing in this matter, it is ORDERED and DIRECTED as follows: 1. The Order of September 9, 1993, will remain in full force and effect except as specifically modified by this Order. 2. Stephen Lindenberg, Ph.D., is to be designated by the Court as the Court's expert. He will serve in the Order of Court, October 7, 1993. Petition for Contempt, October 7, 1993. Order of Court, October 7, 1993. 5 role of ombudsman to provide continuity, supervision of visitation and coordination of the mental health care of Toren and Kyrie Hall, and should report to the Court regarding these observations and developments in this matter as directed by the Court from time to time. Further, Dr. Lindenberg is empowered to guard against either parent arbitrarily hiring or firing mental health professionals or evaluators to guard against medico-legal process trauma of the children. 3. Mr. and Mrs. Hall shall acquire the services of a child psychiatrist to further evaluate, diagnose, develop a treatment plan and treat, if necessary, Toren and Kyrie. Appointments should be made by Mrs. Hall. Mr. Hall should be fully informed about the children's appointments, diagnoses, treatment plans, et cetera. As an example, any information from the psychiatrist shared with either Mr. or Mrs. Hall should also be shared with the other parent as close as simultaneously as possible. Dr. Lindenberg is directed to be in regular contact with the children's therapist to assure the Court that Mr. and Mrs. Hall are cooperating with the children's treatment and to assess the children's progress in therapy. 4. Mr. and Mrs. Hall are prohibited from arbitrarily changing the children's appointments with their therapist. They are prohibited from discharging the children's therapist except for good cause and by mutual consent. 5. For a two-week period beginning today, Mr. Hall will be permitted to enjoy weekly, closely-supervised, two-hour visitations with Toren and Kyrie. Following the passage of those first two weeks, for the next two weeks, Mr. Hall will be permitted to enjoy a three-hour visitation, the first half hour supervised, the next two hours unsupervised and the last half hour supervised. For the next succeeding two-week period, Mr. Hall shall be permitted to enjoy a four-hour unsupervised visitation followed by a fifteen-minute debriefing of the children by Dr. Lindenberg. For the next two-week period, Mr. Hall shall be permitted to enjoy a six-hour period unsupervised visitation followed by a fifteen-minute debriefing with Dr. Lindenberg. For the next succeeding two-week period, Mr. Hall shall be permitted to enjoy eight hours of unsupervised visitation followed by a fifteen-minute debriefing period. Unless something occurs detrimental to the best interests of the children caused by John Hall or if not in the best interests of the children as determined by Dr. Lindenberg after consultation with the children's psychologist, psychiatrist or other treating therapist, the progression 6 of extended visitation shall automatically proceed as set forth herein. 6. No multiple day or overnight visitations will be ordered at this time. Every effort will be made to permit Mr. Hall to enjoy visitation with the children on the children's birthdays and on Christmas day. 7. Mr. and Mrs. Hall are directed to stop any actions and activities that might alienate either or both of the children from either of the parents. Both parents are directed not to coerce or manipulate the children into being an informant on the other parent's behaviors, activities, actions, whereabouts and so forth. 8. Daily telephone contact between Mr. Hall and the children is encouraged but not forced. Conversations are to be limited to no longer than fifteen minutes with each child. Unused time with one of the children is not to be carried forward and be added to the telephone time with the other child, nor should unused time be carried forward in a cumulative fashion to future telephone conversations. Telephone conversations between Mr. Hall and the children are not to be tape recorded, nor is Mrs. Hall to listen in on the conversations on an extension phone. 9. Both of the parents are directed to maintain valid driver's licenses, duly inspected and licensed automobiles and appropriate automobile insurance, as required by law, if they are to transport either or both of the children in their respective vehicles. 10. Mr. Hall is to be involved in the decisions relating to the children's health, safety, welfare and religious instruction. He is also to have the opportunity to meet with the children's teachers and receive copies of their report cards. Both parents are directed to equally divide their attendance at school functions. 11. The first weekly visit shall be Saturday, October 9th, 1993. Mr. Hall is to pay for all of the visits of the psychiatrists and therapists. 12. Paragraph 4 of the Order of September 9, 1993, is modified to read: "The parties are enjoined to stay away from the residence where the other party is residing or any other location that the party would in the 7 future reside. The Plaintiff may visit Sherrie-John Manor each Tuesday and Thursday from 1:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. for a four-week period beginning Tuesday, October 12th. The Defendant agrees to be absent from Sherrie-John Manor on those dates and hours." This Order was dictated in the presence of the parties and their counsel and has been approved by them in open court. On December 29, 1993, the Cumberland County District Attorney petitioned for a hearing on a charge against Defendant of indirect criminal contempt. Allegations against Defendant, in support of the charge that he had violated the protective order herein, included the assertion that he had entered his wife's car and removed items from it.~° A hearing on this petition was scheduled for January 10, 1994.~ At the hearing, Defendant pled no contest to the charge and was placed on unsupervised probation, ending January 23, 1994.~2 By agreement of the parties, the protective order was further amended in several respects; in addition, certain stalking and harassment charges filed against Defendant were to be withdrawn.~3 On April 7, 1994, Defendant filed another petition with the Court, seeking modification of the protective order by the ~0 Commonwealth's Petition for a Hearing on Charges of Indirect Criminal Contempt, filed December 29, 1993. Order of Court, December 29, 1993. Order of Court, January 10, 1994. Id. 8 elimination of the Children from its terms.14 A hearing was scheduled on this petition for June 10, 1994. On or about April 22, 1994, Defendant's counsel notified the Court that the scheduled hearing date would not be convenient. By Order of April 22, 1994, the Court rescheduled the hearing for July 20, 1994, at 9:30 a.m., to accommodate the Defendant. A full morning had been set aside by the Court for this hearing and counsel were advised that this specific period of time was available to them. In this instance, the parties were unable to resolve their differences by agreement and, following a conference in chambers with counsel, the hearing commenced at 10:15 a .m. 15 Defendant proceeded to present his case in support of modification of the order. After about thirty pages of testimony only one witness had been presented--a psychologist who testified, inter alia, that he had "nothing to say about Kyrie,,,16 that "Toren is giving me many examples of how his father verbally manipulates and changes some of Toren's statements, and John's abusive words will tend sometimes to confuse Toren,,,17 and that he was unable to think of any substantial change of circumstances that had occurred since the order in question was initially entered.18 Petition, filed April 7, 1994. N.T. 3, Hearing, July 20, 1994 (hereinafter N.T. ~). N.T. 17. Kyrie had not been evaluated by him. N.T. 21. N.T. 26. 9 Defendant then testified in support of modification of the order. His testimony was to the effect that he was already enjoying more liberal contact with his children than the order allowed.~9 He testified without objection that Dr. Abram Hostetter, Dr. Steven Lindenberg and Dr. Paul Conti had all concluded that the Children should be eliminated from the order,2° that Toren wanted to be eliminated from the order, and that Kyrie wanted to sleep over at his house.2~ He stated that he found the order "humiliating," and said, "[W]hat I agreed to months ago was simply to get the opportunity to see my children .... ..22 After forty pages of testimony, the Court attempted to move the hearing along by recognizing Plaintiff's counsel for cross- .examination. However, Defendant's counsel indicated that he was not finished: THE COURT: Okay. Go ahead. BY MR. KRUG: Q You've been counseled, and you've seen the psychologists, Dr. Schneider, you paid for Dr. Conti and Dr. Hostetter, is that correct? A Yes. Q And do you recall the hourly rates of these various doctors? A Conti? N.T. 36-39. N.T. 34. N.T. 39. N.T. 41. 10 Q Besides Dr. Schneider. We already heard from him. A Dr. Hostetter charges $130.00 an hour. He's an M.D. Dr. Conti charged $100.00 an hour. He's a psychiatrist and M.D. Dr. Lindenberg charged $150.00 an hour. He is not a licensed psychologist. For many of his hours he charged $150.00; and for others, he charged $115.00 an hour, including supervision time when I was with my children and he sat there with other work on his lap. Q Do you think his bill is fair? A No. Q Do you think that bill should be disputed and subject to a decision by some third party or arbitrator of the court separate from this hearing so we don't have to decide this today? A Yes. MR. KRUG: Thank you. Your Honor, if the Court does want to hear more testimony on the issue of the bill and why we dispute the bill -- THE COURT: I don't think that's an issue at all today. MR. KRUG: Thank you, Judge. THE COURT: I'm not being asked to decide whether his bill was reasonable or not. Mr. Lewis.23 On cross-examination, Defendant engaged in the following exchanges, inter alia: Q When Sherrie tried to call 911 one evening after you smashed in her headlights, didn't you rip the phone out of her hand and slam it down? A I agreed with your characterization of events, and if I had sufficient time to give the countervailing circumstances, I'd be happy to answer that, but the answer is, no. 23 N.T. 43-44. 11 Q was Kyrie watching as you smashed her headlights? A That is not an accurate statement.24 Q Have you ever made Sherrie get out of the car and walk behind the car while you drove to punish her? A I don't recall that. I recall years ago asking her to get down on the ground and crawl next to the car for 10 feet. I do recall that. Of course, I'm very sorry about that. Q That's a separate incident. Didn't you make her crawl all around the outside in front of the children? A No, not in front of the children. This was an angry exchange, and that was my way of attempting to contain my anger physically, and I humiliated her by asking her to get down and crawl on the ground. Q Did she consent to do this? A Yes, she did. Q Just as she's consented to give you this liberal visitation that you discussed? A No. No, I think that this visitation is much more informed .... 2s Q You have punched your wife, have you not? MR. KRUG: Objection. May I have a continuing objection to this, Your Honor? THE COURT: Certainly. THE WITNESS: No, but I have -- BY MR. LEWIS: 24 N.T. 52. ~s N.T. 52-53. 12 Never? A No, but I have -- punched her? What do you mean by punched? Never have I knocked her onto the floor. I have hit my wife. I have hurt her. And I've never denied that, and I've admitted that to Abram Hostetter, Schneider, Conti. That is part of my therapy. Q Did you do this in front of the children? a In some cases, yes .... 2~ After seventy pages of testimony, the Court had heard testimony from only two witnesses, and most of the morning had been consumed by Defendant's case. On a number of occasions throughout the hearing, the Court, with little success, attempted to remind counsel of the need for an expeditious presentation of their issues.27 In opposition to Defendant's petition to modify the existing order, Plaintiff presented the testimony of two grown daughters of the parties and the testimony of Plaintiff herself. Kimberly Hall, 26, portrayed her father as a volatile and violent individual who had, a few weeks previously, dumped a plate of food in her mother's lap at a restaurant, in the presence of the Children.28 She described him as "very scary."29 Heather Hall Friel testified in a similar vein, stating, inter alia: · .. When I was younger, there's a lot of instances of where my father would threaten to keep me home from school until I remembered the right way to say N.T. 51. See, e.g., N.T. 48, 51, 67, 91. N.T. 73-78. N.T. 77. 13 something. In other words, if he would say, put the glass down and then pick up the sandwich, and I wasn't paying attention, he'd say, what did I just tell you to do? I said, pick up the sandwich. He said, no, that's not exactly what I told you to do. And I couldn't remember. He would then say well, until you remember, you'll stand at the window with your nose touching the window while the other children play, you know, those types of things. It was everyone in my family. So I would stand there, and occasionally he would do the same type of thing but say, you will do chores until you remember, and then I would remember. And if it would be a school day, he would say, well, I'm going to keep you home from school. And he would until finally I couldn't remember. So finally he would, you know, say didn't I say this? I would be like, yes, that was it. And then things would be all right again, and I'd be able to go to school. And you know, just with my mother, there's -- I repressed a lot of my childhood. It's easier that way. But when I was -- there's a lot of instances where he Would make my mom crawl around the front yard on all fours because she forgot to -- we came back from a trip -- and she forgot to feed the dog or leave the water out for the dog while we all stood there. He's pushed her down the stairs pregnant, different things like that. So you knew my mom wasn't going to be able to stick up for you, and my father would make these threats and follow through. It's a very controlled, very tense, very difficult environment.3° Plaintiff testified, inter alia, as follows: I have a problem with what's happening between John and the children, and there are several reasons. I can state them very quickly. Number one, I don't think that John is responsible as a parent in the way he respects his children. He uses them for his own means most times, and using Toren here today is a classic case of that.3~ 30 N.T. 82-83. ~ N.T. 92. 14 At the expiration of the time allotted for the hearing, the Court asked counsel if either was requesting that additional time be scheduled for further testimony: THE COURT: I think either counsel may have wanted more of a hear~ on this case. Mr. Krug, Mr. Lewis, do either of you request that? MR. LEWIS: Well, yes, I mean, I've asked one question of Ms. Hall. I don't see how -- I don't see how I could obviously prevail with what little testimony there has been now, and I understand about budgeting time, but I did lose about 15 minutes in objections. I mean, I don't think that we would need sufficient time, but I'll be honest with you -- I mean serious amounts of time -- but I probably had 50 more questions for John Hall alone, and I just don't know how to convey our feelings towards this without going into everything. THE COURT: All right. So you're asking for an additional period of time for the hearing? MR. LEWIS: Yes. THE COURT: Mr. Krug. Mr. KRUG: I object to that. THE COURT: You don't want more time? You're not asking for additional time? MR. Krug: Not only are we not asking for it, we believe that we will be continuously prejudiced by the existence of this PFA [in] the light of all the evidence from professionals .... 32 The Court thereafter entered this Order with respect to the issue of whether additional hearing time would be scheduled: AND NOW, this 20th day of July, 1994, upon consideration of the motion of the Respondent, Sherrill K. Hall, for a continuation of the hearing to present additional testimony, the motion is denied.TM N.T. 95-96. Order of Court, July 20, 1994 (first order). 15 On the underlying merits of the petition of Defendant to modify the existing protective order to exclude the parties' children from its scope, this Order was thereupon entered: AND NOW, this 20th day of July, 1994, upon consideration of the Petition of John P. Hall for modification of the Protection From Abuse Order entered by agreement of the parties on September 9, 1993, and previously modified by agreement of the parties on October 7, 1993, and following a hearing, the Court finds that the circumstances which led to the previous Orders entered by agreement of the parties have not changed, and the Protection From Abuse Order previously entered and modified will remain in effect. It is noted that this Order will expire within a few weeks of today's date.34 On August 1, 1994, Defendant filed a "Motion for Reconsideration Pursuant to Rule 1930.2." In the motion, Defendant requested the following: (a) the elimination of the Children from the existing protective order; (b) a hearing for additional testimony; and (c) oral argument on the motion for reconsideration. This motion was denied by Order of Court dated August 2, 1994.35 On August 18, 1994, with the protective order at issue set to expire three weeks hence, Defendant filed a notice of appeal to the Superior Court from this Court's denial of his petition to modify the order. In a statement of matters complained of on appeal, Defendant contends (1) that his constitutional right to due process was violated by the Court's imposition of time constraints on his presentation, alleging inter alia that "[t]he Court refused to extend the hearing beyond a two hour session," and (2) that the refusal to modify "ignored the overwhelming credible evidence." Order of Court, July 20, 1994 (second order). Order of Court, August 2, 1994. 16 Discussion Violation of Defendant's due process riqhts. To some extent, a certain amount of discretion has to reside with a trial court in terms of the extent of proceedings before it. See, e.g., Commonwealth ex rel. Friedman v. Friedman, 223 Pa. Super. 66, 297 A.2d 158 (1972) (length of arguments); Commonwealth v. Birch, 532 Pa. 563, 616 A.2d 977 (1992) (cross-examination). "A judge is necessarily vested with broad powers and has considerable latitude in the conduct of a trial, since the ultimate fairness of a judicial proceeding depends upon his [or her] wisdom and good judgment." 38 P.L.E. Trial ~21, at 29 (1961). "Generally, all matters which relate to the orderly conduct of a trial and are not regulated by the Constitution, a statute or a court rule, are within the discretion of the court." Id. "The trial court enjoys a broad discretion to control the course of the proceeding." Posel v. Redevelopment Auth., 72 Pa. Commw. 115, 122, 456 A.2d 243, 247 (1983). "An abuse of discretion is not merely an error of judgment .... " Fee v. Fee, 344 Pa. Super. 276, 279, 496 A.2d 793, 794 (1985). It occurs when, "in reaching a conclusion the law is overridden or misapplied, or the judgment exercised is manifestly unreasonable, or the result of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill- will, as shown by the evidence or the record .... " Id. (citations omitted). It is believed that the record of the present case indicates that the Court has been more than accommodating to both parties 17 with respect to the amount of time it has been willing to expend on a single action on its docket. Without suggesting that the latest exercise of Defendant to secure review of a protective order that has expired is the product of a litigious nature,36 the Court does not believe that Defendant's constitutional rights have been violated, or the Court's discretion abused, by its attempts to place some limits on the duration of the proceedings. This is particularly so where the Defendant vigorously opposed the scheduling of any additional hearing on the matter. Disreqard of overwhelming credible evidence. The evidence in this case shows that the Defendant is a person with a history of volatility and outbursts of violence, whose most recent use of ~ See John P. Hall v. Gregory Lee Franciscus, No. 4830 Civil 1979; Summerdale Travel, Inc. v. John P. Hall, No. 3299 Civil 1979; Robert P. Monaghan v. John Hall, No. 1094 Civil 1980; Glasgow, Burrell, Hanemann, Inc. v. John Hall, No. 530 Civil 1980; John Hall v. Harold W. Hilles, 4659 Civil 1980; Richland Travel Service, Inc. v. John Hall, No. 2737 Civil 1980; Phila. Nat'l Bank v. John Hall, No. 4748 Civil 1981; John Hall v. Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, No. 657 Civil 1982; John Hall v. Fred S. James & Co. Inc. of PA, No. 3122 Civil 1982; Fred S. James & Co. Inc. of PA v. John Hall, No. 3622 Civil 1982; Morris Schwab v. John Hall, No. 1489 Civil 1983; TTM, Inc. v. John Hall, No. 87 Civil 1985; Frederick A.M. Eshelman v. John Hall, No. 283 Civil 1986; John P. Hall v. Patten Corp. Mid-Atlantic, No 3419 Civil 1989; William J. Kuchler, P.A., v. John Hall, No. 12 Civil 1990; Deerfield Fed. S&L Assn. v. John Hall, No. 347 Civil 1990; Leasefirst v. John Hall, No. 1120 Civil 1990; Kastle USA, Inc. v. John Hall, No. 3245 Civil 1990; The Commonwealth Nat'l Bank v. John Hall, No. 3327 Civil 1990; Dana Commercial Credit Corp. v. John Hall, No. 57 Civil 1991; Kelly Company v. John Hall, No. 91 Civil 1991; April & Maudsley, P.A.v. John Hall, No. 318 Civil 1991; Borough of Carlisle v. John Hall, No. 350 Civil 1991; Southern Ocean State Bank v. John Hall, No. 902 Civil 1991; John Hall v. Commonwealth Dept. of Transportation, No. 1341 Civil 1991; PA Power & Light Co. v. John Hall & Sherri Hall, No. 2551 Civil 1992; John P. Hall v. Sherrill Hall, No. 2853 Civil 1993; PA Power & Light Co. v. John P. Hall, No. 579 Civil 1993; Camp Curtin Transfer, Inc. v. John P. Hall, No. 2300 Civil 1993. 18 force toward a family member occurred a few weeks prior to the hearing herein, in the presence of the Children. The protective order challenged in the present case was the product of Defendant's own agreement, was the object of indirect criminal contempt by him, was already on the verge of expiration at the time of the hearing, was not rendered defeasible by a change of circumstances, and was not unreasonable. Under these circumstances, the Court is unable to agree with Defendant that it committed an error of law or abuse of discretion by a disregard of t'he "overwhelming credible evidence." Kenneth F. Lewis, Esq. Attorney for Plaintiff/Respondent Howard B. Krug, Esq. Attorney for Defendant/Petitioner :epj 19