HomeMy WebLinkAboutCP-21-CR-0000264-2012
COMMONWEALTH : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
V. :
:
EARL LAMBERT CAMPBELL, JR. : CP-21-CR-0264-2012
IN RE: MOTION TO SUPPRESS
OPINION AND ORDER OF THE COURT
Masland, J., June 22, 2012:--
Defendant,Earl Lambert Campbell, Jr., is charged with possession with intent to
deliver a schedule I controlled substance and possession of a small amount of
marijuana. He filed a motion to suppress evidence upon which a brief hearing was
conducted on June 21, 2012. Following argument by counsel and review of the
pertinent case law, for the reasons set forth below, Defendant’s motion is denied.
I. Findings of Fact
1. On January 19, 2012, Detective Christopher Collare (“Affiant”) applied for a
search warrant from Magisterial District Judge Jessica Brewbaker.
2. The search warrant sets forth the Affiant’s extensive experience, which
includes fifteen years as a police officer, (currently assigned to the
Cumberland County Drug Task Force), involvement with more than fifty drug
investigations, and the execution of “numerous search warrants which have
led to the seizure of contraband, controlled substances, weapons and money
which have been identified as proceeds from illegal activities.”
3. Paragraph 4 of the affidavit of probable cause sets forth at length the Affiant’s
involvement with a confidential informant who purchased heroin from the
Defendant at 529 North West Street “during the past 72 hours.”
CP-21-CR-0264-2012
4. In paragraph 5 of the affidavit of probable cause, the Affiant noted that based
on his training and experience, drug suppliers not only possess large
quantities of controlled substance but also “paraphernalia, records, packaging
materials, scales, money from drug transactions along with other controlled
substances.”
5. The Affiant concluded that the lawful entry into the aforesaid premises would
result in the seizure of “paraphernalia, records of illegal drug transactions,
telecommunication devices with names and phone numbers of drug suppliers
and users, and possibly other controlled substances.”
6. Based on the foregoing, the Affiant identified the following items to be
searched for and seized: “heroin, drug paraphernalia, records of drug
transactions to include cell phones and cell phone records.”
7. Magisterial District Judge Brewbaker signed the search warrant at 10:58 a.m.,
on January 19, 2012.
8. The search warrant was executed on January 19, 2012, at 2:45 p.m. and
resulted in the seizure of, among other things, approximately 47 bags of
suspected heroin, digital scales, approximately $400 in cash from the
Defendant and a Motorola cellular phone.
II. Discussion
The Defendant seeks to suppress all evidence seized from 529 North West
Street on the basis that the search warrant was stale and overly broad. We will address
each of those claims below.
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CP-21-CR-0264-2012
A. Staleness
Although Defendant asserts in his motion that “the information is stale in that it
alleges a controlled purchase from the residence within 72 hours of issuance of the
warrant,” we know of no authority for the proposition that a controlled purchase of
drugs within 72 hours is per se stale. Rather, we find the following analysis of this
issue by our Supreme Court to be clearly supportive of the Commonwealth’s position
in this case:
‘Staleness’ when raised must not be determined by rigorous
exactitude, but rather by the experience of reasonable men,
cognizant that events in the real world, and more specifically,
criminal events, have a life of their own, in which hours and
days are measured not by clocks and calendars, but rather
by who will be watching, and when the coast will be clear.
Many police informants, particularly in drug related offenses,
themselves often victims, are hard pressed to know night
from morning, and live a permanent dateless time. In such
cases the issuing authority should try as close as possible to
establish dates. However, where not possible, magistrates
should use the experience of reasonable men under the
circumstances to prevent offenders, loaded with poisoness
contraband, from walking free because the evidence was
‘stale.’ […] [C]ommon sense can determine what is
reasonable age under the circumstances.
Commonwealth v. Baker, 518 A.2d 802, 804 (Pa. 1986).
In the present case, the Affiant supplied the issuing authority with a reasonable
timeframe of 72 hours which enabled her to apply a common sense analysis of what is
reasonable under the circumstances. Given the experience of the Affiant, and the
relatively recent controlled purchase of narcotics, we find that the Magisterial District
Judge properly analyzed the matter in authorizing the search warrant. Perhaps,
staleness is in the eye of the beholder, and not unlike other jurists have noted with
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CP-21-CR-0264-2012
respect to art and pornography, we will know it when we see, or smell it. In this case a
purchase at a residence within 72 hours easily passes the sniff test.
B. Overbreadth
Defendant’s argument regarding overbreadth is only slightly more compelling.
As noted in our findings of fact, “heroin, drug paraphernalia, records of drug
transactions to include cell phones and cell phone records” were sought. In claiming
that this is overly broad, Defendant cites Commonwealth v. Grossman, 555 A.2d 896
(Pa. 1989), in which the search warrant sought “all insurance files” from the defendant
who owned a local insurance agency had an extensive cliental with over 2,000 active
cases. Clearly, that was a fishing expedition. However, in the case sub judice, the facts
do not warrant a similar finding.
As with the issue of staleness, we view the totality of circumstances and find the
request to be reasonably tailored to the circumstances of this case. Rather than going
on a deep sea excursion as the Commonwealth did in the Grossman case, our
experienced Affiant waded carefully into a shallow creek with which he was very
familiar. Knowing that a drug transaction had recently occurred, he concluded that the
residence would also contain paraphernalia, records of drug transactions and
telecommunication devices associated with those transactions. We find this to be far
from unreasonable or overly broad. To the contrary, common sense and the totality of
the circumstances compel us to find it reasonable for the issuing authority to infer that
the Defendant’s residence would contain not only illegal drugs, but also the
paraphernalia, proceeds and records associated therewith.
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CP-21-CR-0264-2012
III. Conclusion
For the foregoing reasons we find that the search warrant in question possessed
the requisite probable cause to validate the evidence seized and accordingly, enter the
following order.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this ________ day of June, 2012, the motion of Defendant to
DENIED.
suppress evidence is
By the Court,
_______________________
Albert H. Masland, J.
Jonathan R. Birbeck, Esquire
Office of the District Attorney
Timothy Clawges, Esquire
For Defendant
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COMMONWEALTH : IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
: CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
:
V. :
:
EARL LAMBERT CAMPBELL, JR. : CP-21-CR-0264-2012
IN RE: MOTION TO SUPPRESS
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this ________ day of June, 2012, the motion of Defendant to
DENIED.
suppress evidence is
By the Court,
_______________________
Albert H. Masland, J.
Jonathan R. Birbeck, Esquire
Office of the District Attorney
Timothy Clawges, Esquire
For Defendant
:saa