HomeMy WebLinkAbout2001-4485 Civil (2)
SUSAN MEASE,
Individually, and as
Guardian and
Administratrix of the
Estate ofDA VID
COLEBAUGH, a Minor,
Deceased,
Plaintiff
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
v.
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
KENNETH BORWEGEN :
and CAROLYN
BORWEGEN,
Individually, and as
Parents, Guardians and
Guardians ad Litem of
JAMES BORWEGEN,
a Minor, UNITED
BEHA VORIAL
HEALTH, BRUCE (last
name unknown), c/o
UNITED BEHA VORIAL
HEALTH, ALl AHMED,
M.D., ALAN
ROSENTHAL, M.D.,
SCHERING-PLOUGH
HEALTHCARE
PRODUCTS, RITE AID
OF PENNSYLVANIA,
INC., (incorrectly
captioned as RITE AID
PHARMACY) and
ITHACA GUN
COMP ANY,
Defendants
NO. 01-4485 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS OF KENNETH BORWEGEN
AND CAROLYN BORWEGEN TO PLAINTIFF'S COMPLAINT
BEFORE HESS and OLER, JJ.
OPINION and ORDER OF COURT
OLER, 1., May 19,2006.
In this civil case, the mother of a boy who was fatally shot by another boy has, in
her individual capacity and as administratrix of her son's estate, sued numerous
defendants. If the allegations of the complaint are credited, Defendants include the
shooter's HMO, 1 an employee of the HMO with a first name of Bruce,2 a physician
named Ahmed who treated the shooter for a mental problem,3 a second physician, named
Rosenthal, who also treated the shooter for a mental problem,4 the manufacturer of an
over-the-counter cold medication which the shooter allegedly used,5 the pharmacy chain
which sold the medication,6 the manufacturer of the gun used in the shooting,7 and the
parents of the shooter, Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen.8
For disposition at this time are preliminary objections filed by Defendants
Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen to Plaintiff s complaint. The preliminary
objections are in the nature of a demurrer to the extent that Plaintiff s claim is based upon
a theory of respondeat superior or vicarious liability,9 a demurrer to the extent that
Plaintiff s claim is based upon a theory that Defendants personally shot Plaintiff s
decedent,lO a demurrer to the extent that Plaintiff s claim is based upon a theory of
negligent infliction of emotional distress, 11 and a motion to strike or require more
specificity with respect to certain general allegations of negligence and negligence per se
1 Plaintiffs Complaint, Ct. IV, filed January 23,2002 (hereinafter Plaintiffs Complaint).
2 Plaintiffs Complaint, Ct. V.
3 Plaintiffs Complaint, Ct. VI.
4 Plaintiffs Complaint, Ct. VII.
5 Plaintiffs Complaint, Cts. VIII-IX, XI, XIII.
6 Plaintiffs Complaint, Cts. X, XII.
7 Plaintiffs Complaint, XIV-XVII.
8 Plaintiffs Complaint, Cts. I-III.
9 Preliminary Objections of Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen to Plaintiffs' Complaint, paras.
14-19, filed February 25,2002 (hereinafter Defendants' preliminary objections, para. ~.
10 Defendants' preliminary objections, paras. 20-21.
11 Defendants' preliminary objections, paras. 22-24.
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pursuant to Connor v. Allegheny General Hospital, 501 Pa. 306, 461 A.2d 600 (1983).12
Oral argument on the preliminary objections was held on March 29,2006.
For the reasons stated in this opinion the preliminary objections will be sustained.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
Plaintiff s complaint with respect to Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen may be summarized as follows: Plaintiff is the mother and administratrix of
the estate of David 1. Colebaugh, who died at the age of 14 on January 23, 2000, after
being shot by l6-year-old James Borwegen.13 Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and
Carolyn Borwegen were the parents of the shooter, James Borwegen.14
Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen were negligent in terms of
their
a. Fail[ure] to properly supervise and control James Borwegen, their son;
b. Fail[ure] to properly supervise, inspect and control their son James
Borwegen and other under age individuals present in their home and on their
premises at the time of this incident;
c. Fail[ure] to instruct James Borwegen in the safe operation of the weapon in
question;
d. Negligently storing the weapon in question under circumstances where they
knew or reasonably should have known that their minor child, James Borwegen,
was likely to obtain same and to negligently use same and thereby cause an
unreasonable risk of harm to others;
e. Failure to store the weapon with an appropriate trigger lock which would
have prevented the negligent use of said weapon by their minor son which they
knew or reasonably should have known their minor son was likely to negligently
use and thereby create an unreasonable risk of harm to others;
f. Negligently and trusting constructively a dangerous instrumentality to
James Borwegen, their son under certain circumstances were (sic) they knew or
should have reasonably known that their minor child James Borwegen was likely
to negligently use the same and thereby create an unreasonable risk of harm to
others;
g. Respondeat Superior;
h. Negligently discharging a firearm capable afflicting (sic) serious bodily
injury and death in the direction of a human person, i.e. David 1. Colebaugh;
12 Defendants' preliminary objections, paras. 25-27.
13 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 1-3, 6, 17.
14 Plaintiffs Complaint, para. 6.
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i. Violating the statute rules and ordinances of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, County of Cumberland, Municipality of Mechanicsburg pertaining
to storage and discharge of firearms, curfews for minors, and any other applicable
law under the circumstances;
j. Failure to exercise due care and caution under the circumstances;
k. Being otherwise negligent and careless in fact and at law;
I. And such other negligent, reckless and careless acts and/or omissions as
may be discovered during the pendency of this case.1S
The complaint alleges further that as a result of Defendants' negligence Plaintiff s
decedent was shot by James Borwegen, resulting in various compensable damages, 16
including emotional distress suffered by third parties such as Plaintiff Susan Mease.17
The complaint does not suggest that Ms. Mease or any other third party received any
physical impact in the incident, or was a bystander to it. Paragraphs 2l(i), (j), (k), and (l)
and 33(i), (j), (k), and (l) are the subjects of Defendants' Connor objections.
DISCUSSION
Respondeat superior; vicarious liability. "The mere relation of parent and child
imposes no liability upon the parent for the torts of the child." JH. ex rei. Hoffman v.
Pellak, 764 A.2d 64, 66 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2000) (citations omitted). As Plaintiffs counsel
acknowledged at oral argument, a claim of vicarious liability, represented in the
complaint by reference to the doctrine of respondeat superior, could not be sustained
against Defendant's Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen on the basis of their
parental status. Accordingly, Defendants' demurrer to this aspect of Plaintiff s claim will
be sustained.
Reference in complaint to shooting by Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen. The allegation in Plaintiff s complaint that Defendants Kenneth Borwegen
and Carolyn Borwegen had personally shot Plaintiff s decedent was factually
incompatible with the balance of the complaint and, as acknowledged by Plaintiff s
15 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 21, 33.
16 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 22-29, 34-41, 44.
17 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 42-44.
4
counsel at oral argument, was obviously an inadvertence. Accordingly, this averment
will be stricken.
Negligent infliction of emotional distress. To the extent that an independent tort of
negligent infliction of emotional distress exists in Pennsylvania, its utilization by third
parties to an incident is generally dependent upon their being encompassed by the
physical impact rule or the bystander rule. Brown v. Philadelphia College of Osteopathic
Medicine, 449 Pa. Super. 667, 678-9, 674 A.2d 1130, 1135 (1996). As conceded by
Plaintiff s counsel at oral argument, the facts in the present case will not support such a
claim, and the count of Plaintiff s complaint purporting to state a cause of action in this
regard against Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen will be dismissed.
Connor-type objections. Under Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 1028(a)(3),
a preliminary objection may be filed on the ground of "insufficient specificity in a
pleading. "
In Connor v. Allegheny General Hospital, 501 Pa. 306, 461 A.2d 600 (1983), the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that the use of the language "otherwise failing to use
due care and caution under the circumstances" enabled the plaintiff to ultimately amend
the complaint to specify "the other ways in which [Defendant] was negligent in [that]
case." Id at 310, 461 A.2d at 602. The court elaborated upon this holding by noting that
"[i]f [defendant] did not know how it 'otherwise fail[ed] to use due care and caution
under the circumstances,' it could have filed a preliminary objection in the nature of a
request for a more specific pleading or it could have moved to strike that portion of
[Plaintiffs] complaint." Id at 311 n.3, 461 A.2d at 602 n.3.
In the present case, as conceded by Plaintiff s counsel at oral argument, the
allegations that Defendants were negligent in terms of their "[f]ailure to exercise due care
and caution under the circumstances," their "[b ]eing otherwise negligent and careless in
fact and at law," and their committing "such other negligent, reckless and careless acts
and/or omissions as may be discovered during the pendency of this case,,,18 were properly
18 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 21 G), (k), and (1),33 G), (k), and (1).
5
subject to Connor objections. Accordingly, these allegations will be stricken from
Plaintiff s complaint as they relate to Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen.
In addition, in the court's view, the allegation that Defendants "violat[ ed] the
statute rules and ordinances of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, County of
Cumberland, Municipality of Mechanicsburg pertaining to storage and discharge of
firearms, curfews for minors, and any other applicable law under the circumstances"19 is
so general as to warrant a direction that the statutes, rules and ordinances being relied
upon by Plaintiff as bases for her causes of action be more particularly identified.
F or the foregoing reasons, the following order will be entered:
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this 19th day of May, 2006, upon consideration of the preliminary
objections filed by Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen to Plaintiff s
complaint, and for the reasons stated in the accompanying opinion, it is ordered and
directed as follows:
1. Plaintiff s claim against Defendants is dismissed to the extent
that it is based upon a theory of vicarious liability for the actions of
their son, James Borwegen;
2. To the extent that paragraphs 2l(h) and 33(h) of Plaintiffs
complaint aver that Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen personally shot Plaintiff s decedent they are stricken;
3. Count III of Plaintiff s complaint, relating to negligent
infliction of emotional distress, is dismissed;
4. Paragraphs 2l(j), (k), and (l), and 33(j), (k), and (l) are stricken
as being overly general allegations of negligence; and
5. Defendants' motion for a more specific pleading with respect to
paragraphs 2l(i) and 33(i), relating to alleged violations of statutes,
19 Plaintiffs Complaint, paras. 21 (i), 33 (i).
6
rules and ordinances by Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen, is granted, and Plaintiff is afforded a period of twenty days
from the date of this order to file a more specific pleading in that
regard.
BY THE COURT,
s/ 1. Wesley Oler, Jr.
1. Wesley Oler, Jr., 1.
1. Michael Farrell, Esq.
718 Arch Street
Suite 402S
Philadelphia, P A 19106
Attorney for Plaintiff
Jefferson 1. Shipman, Esq.
301 Market Street
P.O. Box 109
Lemoyne, PA 17043-0109
Attorney for Defendants
Kenneth Borwegen and
Carolyn Borwegen, Individually
and as Parents, Guardians and
Guardians ad Litem of James
Borwegen, a Minor
Jeffrey A. Lutsky, Esq.
Kimberly A. Hendrix, Esq.
Stradley, Ronan, Stevens &
Young, LLP
2600 One Commerce Square
Philadelphia, P A 19103
Attorneys for Defendants
United Behavioral Health and
Bruce (Last Name Unknown)
7
Andrew H. Briggs, Esq.
Post & Schell
1857 William Penn Way
Lancaster, P A 17603
Attorneys for Defendant
Ali Ahmed, M.D.
B. Craig Black, Esq.
Edwin A.D. Schwartz, Esq.
2040 Linglestown Road
Suite 302
Harrisburg, P A 17110
Attorneys for Defendant
David Rosenthal, M.D.
Thomas B. Schmidt, III, Esq.
Alexandra Makosky, Esq.
200 One Keystone Plaza
North Front and Market Streets
P.O. Box 1181
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1181
Attorneys for Defendant
Schering-Plough Health
Care Products, Inc., and
Defendant Rite Aid of
Pennsylvania, Inc.
Michael T. Hollister, Esq.
The Belgravia
1811 Chestnut Street
6th Floor
Philadelphia, P A 19103
Attorney for Defendant Ithaca Gun Company
8
9
SUSAN MEASE,
Individually, and as
Guardian and
Administratrix of the
Estate ofDA VID
COLEBAUGH, a Minor,
Deceased,
Plaintiff
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
v.
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
KENNETH BORWEGEN :
and CAROLYN
BORWEGEN,
Individually, and as
Parents, Guardians and
Guardians ad Litem of
JAMES BORWEGEN,
a Minor, UNITED
BEHA VORIAL
HEALTH, BRUCE (last
name unknown), c/o
UNITED BEHA VORIAL
HEALTH, ALl AHMED,
M.D., ALAN
ROSENTHAL, M.D.,
SCHERING-PLOUGH
HEALTHCARE
PRODUCTS, RITE AID
OF PENNSYLVANIA,
INC., (incorrectly
captioned as RITE AID
PHARMACY) and
ITHACA GUN
COMP ANY,
Defendants
NO. 01-4485 CIVIL TERM
IN RE: PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS OF KENNETH BORWEGEN
AND CAROLYN BORWEGEN TO PLAINTIFF'S COMPLAINT
BEFORE HESS and OLER, JJ.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this 19th day of May, 2006, upon consideration of the preliminary
objections filed by Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn Borwegen to Plaintiff s
complaint, and for the reasons stated in the accompanying opinion, it is ordered and
directed as follows:
1. Plaintiff s claim against Defendants is dismissed to the extent
that it is based upon a theory of vicarious liability for the actions of
their son, James Borwegen;
2. To the extent that paragraphs 2l(h) and 33(h) of Plaintiffs
complaint aver that Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen personally shot Plaintiff s decedent they are stricken;
3. Count III of Plaintiff s complaint, relating to negligent
infliction of emotional distress, is dismissed;
4. Paragraphs 2l(j), (k), and (l), and 33(j), (k), and (l) are stricken
as being overly general allegations of negligence; and
5. Defendants' motion for a more specific pleading with respect to
paragraphs 2l(i) and 33(i), relating to alleged violations of statutes,
rules and ordinances by Defendants Kenneth Borwegen and Carolyn
Borwegen, is granted, and Plaintiff is afforded a period of twenty days
from the date of this order to file a more specific pleading in that
regard.
BY THE COURT,
1. Wesley Oler, Jr., 1.
1. Michael Farrell, Esq.
718 Arch Street
Suite 402S
Philadelphia, P A 19106
Attorney for Plaintiff
Jefferson 1. Shipman, Esq.
301 Market Street
P.O. Box 109
Lemoyne, PA 17043-0109
Attorney for Defendants
Kenneth Borwegen and
Carolyn Borwegen, Individually
and as Parents, Guardians and
Guardians ad Litem of James
Borwegen, a Minor
Jeffrey A. Lutsky, Esq.
Kimberly A. Hendrix, Esq.
Stradley, Ronan, Stevens &
Young, LLP
2600 One Commerce Square
Philadelphia, P A 19103
Attorneys for Defendants
United Behavioral Health and
Bruce (Last Name Unknown)
Andrew H. Briggs, Esq.
Post & Schell
1857 William Penn Way
Lancaster, P A 17603
Attorneys for Defendant
Ali Ahmed, M.D.
B. Craig Black, Esq.
Edwin A.D. Schwartz, Esq.
2040 Linglestown Road
Suite 302
Harrisburg, P A 17110
Attorneys for Defendant
David Rosenthal, M.D.
13
Thomas B. Schmidt, III, Esq.
Alexandra Makosky, Esq.
200 One Keystone Plaza
North Front and Market Streets
P.O. Box 1181
Harrisburg, PA 17108-1181
Attorneys for Defendant
Schering-Plough Health
Care Products, Inc., and
Defendant Rite Aid of
Pennsylvania, Inc.
Michael T. Hollister, Esq.
The Belgravia
1811 Chestnut Street
6th Floor
Philadelphia, P A 19103
Attorney for Defendant Ithaca Gun Company