HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-5659 CIVILALLIANCE HOME OF CARLISLE,
PA t/a CHAPEL POINTE,
APPELLANT
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
BOARD OF ASSESSMENT APPEALS,
CARLISLE AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT
BOROUGH OF CARLISLE and
CUMBERLAND COUNTY,
APPELLEES
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IN RE: PETITION FOR EXEMPTION FROM REAL ESTATE TAXES
BEFORE BAYLEY, J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Bayley, J., January 31, 2002:--
Alliance Home of Carlisle, PA, t/a Chapel Pointe, filed a petition for an
exemption from real estate taxes for ninety-three apartments at 770 South Hanover
Street, Carlisle, Cumberland County. After petitioner was unsuccessfully at the
administrative level, the case was tried on December 6, 2001. The issues were then
briefed and argued on December 18, 2001.
In addition to the ninety-three apartments, Chapel Pointe contains a fifty-nine
bed skilled nursing home, and an assisted living compound, both of which have been
exempted from real estate taxes. Chapel Pointe holds a Sales and Use Tax Exemption
Certificate issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue. It operates as a single
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financial entity. Its annual operation expenses for 2000 were $549,197.00.1 The
facility as a whole showed a loss of $368,421. The loss was made up by charitable
contributions of $368,421.
Chapel Pointe was chartered in 1944. The first apartments were constructed in
the late 1970s. The ninety-three apartment units for which an exemption is now sought
are the Colonial Apartments (eleven units), Jarrett Apartments (three, four-unit
townhouses), Heritage & Harmony Suites (two, twelve-unit apartment buildings),
Cornerstone Manor (twenty-three units), and Bedford Terrace (twenty-three units). The
ninety-three apartments are assessed at $2,593,350, for one hundred percent of the
market value in 2000.
The minimum age requirement for a resident in an apartment is 62. All the units
are private pay. No government program supports the apartments. A perspective
resident must provide Chapel Pointe with a detailed financial statement. Chapel Pointe
does not admit any resident who (1) cannot pay, up front, the entrance fee, and (2)
whose financial data does not reflect that they can pay the monthly rental fees charged
for an apartment. The lowest entrance fee, $37,000, is for an efficiency apartment.
The highest entrance fee, $73,000, is for some two-bedroom apartments.: Chapel
Pointe uses one apartment unit as a model. The total entrance fees for the ninety-two
1 Of that figure, $541,175 was depreciation.
: If a resident is admitted, and it is determined that there was a submission of false
financial information, that constitutes grounds for termination.
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apartments it utilizes for residents is $5,721,000. As of the hearing on December 6,
2001, four apartments were vacant.
Chapel Pointe places each apartment on a forty-year depreciation schedule.
The average stay for a resident in an apartment is three to four years.3 Residents may
stay in their apartment for as long as they are safe, as determined by Chapel Pointe.
Apartment residents are given priority to move to either the assisted living compound or
the nursing home within Chapel Pointe. Chapel Pointe amortizes all entrance fees over
the life expectancy of the resident. There is a recalculation each year so, that for
accounting purposes, a resident never outlives his or her life expectancy. For the
residents, Chapel Pointe amortizes the entrance fee at twenty percent each year
prorated monthly for five years. If a resident leaves the apartment within five years, a
prorated amount of the entrance fee is refunded. All income earned on an entrance fee
is retained by Chapel Pointe. After five years, no portion of the entrance fee is
refundable. If a refund is due, the Apartment Residency Agreement, which each
resident must sign, provides:
·.. [A]ny applicable refund will be made.., only after the Resident's...
vacated apartment unit has been reoccupied by another resident and the
Entrance Fee for the reoccupied apartment unit has been paid in full,...
or after the lapse of six months from the Resident's surrender of the
apartment unit, whichever occurs first .... The refund shall be paid to
Resident in the following manner: Fifty percent (50%) of any refund due
shall be paid on the six month anniversary date of the surrender of the
apartment unit, and the remaining balance of fifty percent (50%) of the
3 The length of residency has been decreasing because more people are coming in
who are older and frailer.
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refund shall be paid on the one year anniversary date of the surrender of
the apartment unit .... As long as Resident... continues to occupy and
living accommodation within Chapel Pointe, including accommodations in
the Assisted Living Residence or Health Center, no refund shall be due
and no refund shall be paid until the death, permanent transfer outside of
Chapel Pointe, discharge or voluntary departure outside Chapel Pointe by
Resident .... In the event the Resident leaves the community and
voluntarily terminates this Agreement at any time within the first four years
of occupancy, then the refund that otherwise would be due, shall be
reduced by an early withdrawal assessment fee equivalent of ten percent
(10%) of the original entrance fee ....
Chapel Pointe charges a uniform monthly rental fee for each apartment. It
maintains that it sets the amount of the monthly fee to cover costs. The fees are raised
as needed. The fee is currently $599 for one person, and an additional $130 for each
additional occupant. The Residency Agreement provides:
In the event that a single Resident wishes to marry or have another
person not admitted to Chapel Pointe under an Apartment Residency
Agreement share Resident's apartment unit as a Co-Resident, the
proposed Additional Occupant must file an application for admission and
meet all age, medical and other requirements for admission applicable to
residents of the residential apartment unit. Admittance of an Additional
Occupant shall be at the sole discretion of Chapel Pointe. If the proposed
Additional Occupant receives approval to occupy the apartment unit, this
Agreement will be amended and the Additional Occupant shall pay one-
half of the Entrance Fee in effect at the time Additional Occupant moves
into the apartment unit, and the Monthly Fee shall be increased to be
equivalent to the Monthly Fee for double occupancy of the apartment unit.
The Entrance Fee paid by the Additional Occupant shall be amortized at
the rate of twenty (20%) percent per year from the date of occupancy.4
4 Any additional occupant entrance fees collected pursuant to this provision are in
addition to the $5,721,000 for initial occupant entrance fees for the ninety-two
apartments utilized for residents.
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Chapel Pointe provides maintenance for all common areas, and for each
apartment. It pays all utilities and real estate taxes. If a resident wants to have Chapel
Pointe provide housekeeping services, meals or transportation, those services are
provided for a charge. If the monthly rental fee is not timely paid, Chapel Pointe may
terminate the residency. A resident is required to annually prepare and submit a
current financial statement to Chapel Pointe, to include a statement of physical and
mental health. The failure to make such disclosures constitute grounds for termination.
No resident has ever been asked to leave an apartment because of financial problems.
If a resident's income becomes insufficient to pay the rental fee, the resident is required
to "[i]mmediately apply for financial assistance either from Resident's family, church, or
public welfare agencies .... "There are currently (1) four residents who, because of
financial problems, have not had their monthly fee raised, and (2) there are three
residents who, because of financial problems, are receiving some financial assistance
from Chapel Pointe toward their monthly fees? The Residency Agreement provides
that Chapel Pointe may seek repayment of any such assistance from the estate of the
residence.
On its 2000 financial statement, Chapel Pointe allocates its administrative costs
on the basis of total operating costs. Sixty-eight percent of administrative costs were
allocated to the nursing home, twenty-two percent to the assisted living compound, and
~ Chapel Pointe did not admit evidence of the amount of the benefit that these residents
were receiving.
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nine percent for the apartments. The administrative costs as allocated are based on
Medicaid and Medicare programs, not actual financial data. Chapel Pointe, through the
testimony of its CPA, maintains that fifty-four percent of the apartment residents receive
some type of uncompensated services. The accountant mistakenly included in that
calculation, ancillary services for general transportation, housekeeping and meals
which are paid for by residents. Actually, the only uncompensated services are for
such things as assistance with the timely taking of medications, participation in some
social activities, and advice regarding family or financial problems, and for the few
people for whom the monthly rental fees have been adjusted.
Article 8, Section 2(a)(v) of the Pennsylvania Constitution provides that "[t]he
General Assembly may exempt from taxation... Institutions of purely public charity,
but in the case of any real property tax exemptions only that portion of real
property of such institution which is actually and regularly used for the purposes
of the institution." (Emphasis added.) In Hospital Utilization Project v.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 507 Pa. 1,487 A.2d 1306 (1985), the Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania held that an entity qualifies as a "purely public charity," under
the constitution, if it:
1. Advances a charitable purpose;
2. Donates or renders gratuitously a substantial portion of its services;
3. Benefits a substantial and indefinite class of persons who are legitimate
subjects of charity;
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4. Relieves the government of some of its burden; and
5. Operates entirely free from profit motive.
The Institutions of Purely Public Charity Act, 10 P.S. §§ 371-385, sets forth
criteria by which an institution may satisfy these constitutional requirements to qualify
as a purely public charity. At 10 P.S. Section 375(d), the Act provides seven methods
by which an institution may satisfy the requirement that it donate or render gratuitously
a substantial portion of its services. The requirement is satisfied if the institution
benefits the community by actually providing any one of the following:
(i) Goods or services to all who seek them without regard to their ability
to pay for what they receive (based upon three criteria set forth).
(ii) Goods or services for fees that are based upon the recipient's ability
to pay for them (based on four criteria set forth).
(iii) Wholly gratuitous goods or services to at least 5% of those receiving
similar goods or services from the institution.
(iv) Financial assistance or uncompensated goods or services to at least
20% of those receiving similar goods or services from the institution if at
least 10% of the individuals receiving goods or services from the
institution either paid no fees or fees which were 90% or less of the costs
of the goods or services provided to them, after consideration of any
financial assistance provided to them by the institution.
(v) Uncompensated goods or services which in the aggregate are equal
to at least 5% of the institution's costs of providing goods or services.
(vi) Goods or services at no fee or reduced fees to government agencies
or goods or services to individuals eligible for government programs
(based on two criteria set forth).
(vii) Fundraising on behalf of or grants to an institution of purely public
charity, an entity similarly recognized by another state or foreign
jurisdiction, a qualifying religious organization or a government agency
and actual contribution of a substantial portion of the funds raised or
contributions received to an institution of purely public charity, an entity
similarly recognized by another state or foreign jurisdiction, a qualifying
religious organization or a government agency.
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Chapel Pointe asserts that it is entitled to a presumption under the Act that it is
an institution of purely public charity. Section 376(b) of the Act provides:
Burden of Proof--If an institution of purely public charity asserts a
presumption under Section (a), a political subdivision challenging
that institution before a government agency or court shall bear the
burden of proof, by a preponderance of the evidence, of proving that
the institution of purely public charity does not comply with the
requirements of section ,5. (Emphasis added.)
This provision does not allow Chapel Pointe a presumption that it is an institution
of purely public charity. As set forth in Community Options, Inc. v. Board of
Property Assessment, Appeals and Review, 764 A.2d 645 (Pa. Commw. 2000):
It]he question of whether an entity seeking or defending a tax exemption
is a "purely public charity", within the meaning of Article 8, Section 2(a)(v)
of the Pennsylvania Constitution, is a preliminary question which must be
addressed before the question of whether that entity meets the
qualifications of a statutory exemption can be reached.
In Appeal of Lutheran Social Services, 114 Pa. Commw. 628 (1988), the
Lutheran Social Services, East Region, a Pennsylvania non-profit corporation,
appealed from the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County that
denied a real estate tax exemption for its 96 unit apartment building called Luther
Townehome Apartments, and 81 cottage units operated as part of a retirement
community for the elderly known as Luther Acres, which also contained a nursing
facility. The Lancaster County Board of Assessment reclassified the apartment building
and the cottages from tax exempt to taxable but did not change the status of the
nursing facility from tax exempt. The Commonwealth Court accepted the following
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findings of fact of the trial court:
The trial court found that applicants for admission to the Luther
Townehome Apartments fill out an application form that does not request
any financial information, nor is such information requested orally or
received if volunteered during the application process, according to LSS's
witnesses. The admission policy for the apartments is open and
nondiscriminatory, with the only requirements being that the applicant be
at least 62 years old and not in need of medical care; vacancies are filled
from a waiting list in chronological order of application.
Apartment applicants pay a processing fee of $250, but they do not
pay an admission fee. Each resident pays a single monthly fee that
covers (1) rent (i.e., a portion of the amortized loan for the facility), (2)
utilities and (3) maintenance. For 1986 the total monthly fee averaged
$360. The monthly fee may be changed at any time on thirty days' notice.
Some residents are exonerated from paying increases in the monthly fee;
there were seventeen such residents in 1986.
The monthly fees do not cover the operating expenses for the
apartments; in 1986 the apartments operated at a deficit of more than
$69,000. LSS receives contributions from the Lutheran congregations of
Lancaster and Lebanon Counties as financial support for Luther Acres.
The Executive Director of LSS, Reverend Charles Scott, testified that, in
addition to exonerating some individuals from paying increases in the
monthly maintenance fee, LSS subsidizes all apartment residents,
because the utility and maintenance portions of the monthly fee are below
actual cost of operation. Those fees are calculated by estimating actual
costs, and then estimating contributions from the congregations
(approximately $160,000 in 1986) and other non-operating income to
determine the amount of reduction. He testified further that if any
apartment resident needed nursing care, in the judgment of the medical
director, the resident would be transferred to the nursing facility
immediately, regardless of ability to pay medical costs; in the event that
the resident could not pay those costs, part would be paid by government
medical assistance and part would be absorbed by LSS.
As to the operation of the cottages, the trial court found that the
only requirement for admission is that the applicant not be in need of
nursing care at the time of application, and vacancies are filled in
chronological order. Applicants for the cottages pay an entrance fee,
which, in 1986, ranged from $38,500 to $46,000, depending on the type
of unit; the fee is based on the initial cost of construction for the particular
unit or on the replacement value of it when possession changes. No
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cottage resident has ever been admitted without paying an entrance fee
or by paying a reduced fee. LSS deposits the proceeds from the entrance
fees into a reserve account, from which it makes bookkeeping entry
withdrawals at a rate of one percent per month per cottage. Reverend
Scott testified that if a resident dies, any balance in his account becomes
the property of LSS; however, if a resident leaves voluntarily, the balance
is returned to him. Cottage residents pay a monthly maintenance fee,
currently $85, and they pay their own utilities. In 1986 the operation of
the cottages produced a profit of $91,353, which LSS deposited into its
general operating account and used to pay operating expenses of all of
LSS's facilities.
LSS absorbs approximately $20 per month per cottage unit,
representing about one-half of the taxes paid per unit, and, in 1986, the
institution exonerated five cottage residents from paying part of their
monthly fees. In the event that a cottage resident cannot afford the
monthly maintenance fee, LSS initiates action to secure financial aid for
that resident from an appropriate agency or source. Reverend Scott
testified that the agreement that cottage residents sign expressly provides
that if a resident cannot afford to pay his monthly fees, he shall
nevertheless be entitled to remain in his cottage so long as his health
permits; however, no such case of total exoneration has yet arisen--partial
exonerations have been sufficient. Reverend Scott also testified that
cottage residents were entitled to admission to the nursing facility in the
same manner as that described above for apartment residents.
Reverend Scott testified that both the apartment and the cottage
agreements provide for the immediate transfer of a resident to the nursing
facility in the case of medical need, as determined solely by the medical
director, without regard to ability to pay medical costs, and he described
various instances of such transfers. However, the agreements do not
provide for transfers between the cottages and the apartments. Reverend
Scott testified that some cottage residents had transferred to the
apartments because apartment living requires less independence than
cottage living, and that the resident and management jointly made the
decision to transfer. In such a case the cottage resident's entrance fee
was refunded to him, minus one percent for each month of his stay in a
cottage, the same as for any other cottage resident who left voluntarily,
and the resident then entered the apartment building under the standard
apartment agreement.
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In contrast to the trial court, the Commonwealth Court concluded that the
apartments and cottages were separate uses for purposes of determining the claim for
a real estate tax exemption. The Court upheld the denial of the real estate tax
exemption for the cottages, holding that they did not qualify as a purely public charity
because the second prong of the test in Hospital Utilization Project v.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, supra, was not met i.e., the donating or rendering
gratuitously a substantial portion of its services. The Commonwealth Court stated:
The cottage operation of Luther Acres generates an operating surplus,
which LSS then applies to funding the rest of Luther Acres operation. In
other words, the cottages are a money-maker for the overall program.
Therefore, the possibility of any individual cottage resident's receiving a
subsidy from LSS is remote.
The cottage operation sells something--housing for the elderly--at
a profit, and LSS then uses that profit for purposes above held to be
charitable in nature .... We conclude that the cottages are not
institutions of purely public charity, founded and maintained by public or
private charity, and hence are not entitled to an exemption from local real
estate taxation.
The Commonwealth Court reversed the denial of the real estate tax exemption
for the apartments, stating:
The apartment use appears to satisfy the elements of the constitutional
test for 'purely public charity' established in Hospital Utilization Project. As
to the element of advancing a charitable purpose, the Supreme Court has
expressly approved a trial court's synthesis "as a general principle from
these cases that 'providing Iow cost housing for elderly persons with
limited incomes constitutes a public charity.'" G.D.L. Plaza v. Council
Rock School District, 515 Pa. 54, 60, 526 A.2d 1173, 1175 (1987)
(emphasis in the original). Here, LSS charges monthly apartment fees
that are by no means exorbitant and that are below actual operating cost;
it does not request or receive financial information from apartment
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applicants before admission, and it routinely grants exonerations from
payment of a portion of the monthly fee to residents who later
demonstrate financial need. These facts tend to indicate that the
apartment operation is providing Iow cost housing for elderly persons with
limited income.
As discussed above, the apartments subsidize all residents by
charging less than actual cost for utilities and maintenance; also, the
apartment management grants individual exonerations from some
charges. The difference, more than $69,000 in 1986, is made up from
contributions from church congregations and from other sources, such as
the surplus from the cottage operation. Clearly the apartment operation is
donating or rendering gratuitously a portion of its services. In our view
this portion is substantial.~
The apartment operation at Luther Acres benefits a substantial and
indefinite class of persons in that its admission policy is open and
nondiscrimatory, and not based on any financial test. That members of
this class are the legitimate objects of charity is established by the fact
that the residents are elderly and by the nature of the financial
arrangements involved here. This is not a case such as that in Appeal
of Lutheran Home at Topton, 100 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 244, 515 A.2d
4. The principle that a purely public charity does not cease to be
such where it receives some payment for its services is firmly established.
See Hill School Tax Exemption Case, 370 Pa. 21, 87 A.2d 259 (1952) and
Presbyterian Homes Tax Exemption Case, 428 Pa. 145, 236 A.2d 776
(1968). As to what is a substantial portion of donated services, the
Supreme Court has said:
Whether or not the portion donated or rendered gratuitous is
'substantial' is a determination to be made based on the totality of
circumstances surrounding the organization. The word
'substantial' does not imply a magical percentage. It must appear
from the facts that the organization makes a bona fide effort to
service primarily those who cannot afford the usual fee.
Hospital Utilization Project, 507 Pa. 1, 19 n.9, 487 A.2d 1306, 1315 n.9
(1985).
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59 (1986), where applicants had to demonstrate a minimum level of
financial ability for admission and to pay both high entrance fees and
high monthly fees (exceeding those of area non-profit and profit facilities),
thereby creating doubt as to whether the residents, though elderly, were
the legitimate objects of charity.
That the apartment operation relieves the government of some of
its burden appears likely. The apartments provide decent housing and
opportunities for social contact for a sizable number of elderly citizens.
The operation subsidizes this activity to a substantial degree from
contributions from church congregations and from other private sources,
such as the cottage surplus. Although one cannot say with certainty how
much of this burden will fall on the government otherwise, these
circumstances again are very different from those in Appeal of Lutheran
Home at Topton, where this court concluded that "[the institution] does
not donate or render gratuitously any of its services: all of its residents
pay fees approximating actual costs. [The institution] is not relieving the
government of some of its 'burden' of taking care of the elderly: there is
no 'burden' in providing services to paying customers, so to speak." 100
Commonwealth Ct. at 262-63, 515 A.2d at 68.
Finally, the fact that the apartments consistently have operated at a
deficit by design demonstrates that they are operated free from private
profit motive. The testimony indicates that the apartment management
promptly fills vacancies as they arise so this deficit cannot be attributed to
failure to have the facility fully occupied rather than to subsidization, as
was the case in Appeal of Lutheran Homes at Topton. See id. at 262, 515
A.2d at 67-68.
In In re: Appeal of The Bethlen Home of The Hungarian Reformed
Federation of America From The Westmoreland County Board of Assessment,
125 Pa. Commw. 315 (1989), The Bethlen Home, a nonprofit corporation, operated a
facility which included a nursing home which provided intermediate and advanced
nursing care, and seven retirement cottages, each consisting of two separate living
units. The County of Westmoreland assessed the retirement cottages, and the land on
which they were erected, for real estate taxes. The Bethlen Home filed an
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administrative appeal, which was denied. Its further appeal was sustained in the Court
of Common Pleas of Westmoreland County, which held that the retirement cottages
were tax exempt. The Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania reversed the order of the
trial court. The facts were:
To reside in one of the twenty living units that are available,
occupants must be 65 years of age or older. They must, according to the
agreement which all must sign (agreement), submit a current physician's
report on a form prepared by Bethlen, which includes an evaluation of
their fitness for independent cottage living, as well as evidence of their
financial ability to "sustain independent cottage living". It is stated in the
agreement that Bethlen does not discriminate against anyone on the
basis of race, creed, color, sex or ethnic origin.
Cottage occupants pay an entrance fee for the right to occupy a
living unit for the rest of their lives or until their health necessitates
transfer to the nursing home. The amount that has been collected for that
fee is that portion of the construction costs of the unit which Bethlen
determines the occupant is financially able to pay. It has ranged from
$25,000 to $44,500. No person has taken occupancy of a unit without
paying an entrance fee. Person(s) currently occupying ten of the twenty
units were admitted upon paying an entrance fee which is less than their
unit's construction cost; that being the amount which Bethlen seeks to
collect. In the event that a cottage occupant dies or moves away within
ten years after having taken occupancy of the unit, a portion of the
entrance fee collected is refunded to him or his estate except when he is
transferred into the nursing home or is survived by a co-occupant. The
amount of the refund depends upon how long he has occupied the unit.
After a unit is vacated, new persons take occupancy of it upon payment of
an entrance fee.
Cottage occupants also pay a monthly service fee, currently
$25.00, and utilities, including sewage, telephone, heat and lights. In the
event that the cottages are subjected to real estate taxes, they are also
required to pay their share of those taxes. The monies collected for the
monthly service fee are, according to the agreement, for lawn mowing,
snow removal and the cost of insuring the cottages. They are, however,
insufficient to cover the costs of lawn mowing and snow removal. Cottage
occupants are also responsible for living expenses including food,
insurance on personal possessions and any expenses where physicians,
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hospital confinement, specialists, nurses, special equipment, drugs, etc.,
are required. According to the agreement, any nursing visits, physical
therapy, reality orientation, blood specimens, or, in extreme emergencies,
visiting nurses, etc., will be billed to the occupant at the prevailing rate
then in force at the nursing home. However, cottage occupants have had
their blood pressure tested by nurses employed at the nursing home and
those nurses, on occasion, have gone to the cottages to provide care to
the occupants without charge.
Cottage occupants are able to utilize certain of the nursing home's
facilities and have access to certain services provided to the nursing
home residents. They are able to make use of the nursing home's
solarium and recreation areas. Although, according to the terms of the
agreement, they must pay for meals served in the nursing home's dining
room, those who come there to eat are permitted to do so free of charge.
Most, however, eat meals in their apartments. Cottage occupants have
access, without charge, to religious and counselling services provided at
the nursing home and are also provided without charge with assistance in
managing their financial affairs by the staff of both the nursing home and
cottages. Under the terms of the agreement, they may attend programs
and activities if transportation and space are available and may be
involved in arts and crafts, if there is no conflict with the already
scheduled programs for the nursing home residents. They have been
able to participate in special activities and festivities that are conducted at
the nursing home on holidays.
In the event a cottage occupant becomes financially unable to pay
the "maintenance cost of his cottage", he can, under the terms of the
agreement, continue to reside in it as long as he is physically able to
"maintain the cottage." As of yet, however, none of the occupants had
become unable to pay the monthly service fee. Furthermore, a cottage
occupant who becomes financially unable to maintain himself in his or her
cottage and physically disabled is, according to the agreement, eligible
for transfer to the nursing home and to reside there free of charge.
However, in the event that he would be entitled to a refund of the portion
of the entrance fee, this refund would be applied toward payment for his
care in the nursing home. Up to the present time, two persons who were
admitted for cottage occupancy have been transferred to the nursing
home. The amounts that they were entitled to have refunded have been
totally expended and they are now receiving free care and will continue to
do so for the rest of their lives. (Footnotes omitted.)
The Commonwealth Court concluded:
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We do not believe that the second criterion--that of donating or rendering
gratuitously a substantial portion of its services--is satisfied.
In both Passavant Health Center v. Board of Assessment and
Revision of Taxes of Butler County, 93 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 575, 502
A.2d 753 (1985) and Lutheran Social Services Appeal, 114 Pa.
Commonwealth Ct. 628, 539 A.2d 895 (1988), this Court held that when
retirement cottage occupants were determined to be in need of nursing
care and were automatically entitled to admission to a nursing home
regardless of their ability to pay for such care, this evidenced a charitable
purpose on the part of the nursing home, and not the cottages
themselves. Thus, the fact that Bethlen's cottage occupants may be able
to receive free nursing care in its nursing home at some time in the future
is irrelevant to the determination of whether the cottage operation is of
"purely public charity." It also follows form the aforementioned cases that
the fact that cottage occupants have access without charge to services
provided by Bethlen's nursing home staff to its nursing home residents,
and are able to make use of certain facilities of the nursing home, also
does not establish a charitable purpose on the part of the cottages
themselves.
Thus, it appears that the only relevant services that Bethlen
provides to its cottage occupants are repair of its cottages, repair and/or
replacement of items of personalty, (both of when can be interpreted as
Bethlen's protection of its investment), lawn mowing and snow removal.
Even though the first two of these services are provided free and the latter
two provided for a nominal fee of $25.00 per month, it is the opinion of
this court that the furnishing of these services is insufficient to satisfy the
second criterion of Hospitalization Utilization Project.
In the case sub judice, Chapel Pointe has built apartments for which it now
charges and receives initial entrance fees that total $5,721,000 for the ninety-two units
it rents, plus some additional entrance fees for subsequent occupants? It retains the
entire entrance fee after five years and prorates the fee if a residence dies or leaves
6 The entire facility; the nursing home, assisted living compound, and the apartments,
has a mortgage liability due after one year of $5,147,639. The current portion of the
mortgage liability is $157,928. Chapel Pointe's financial statement does not break out
what portion of the mortgage indebtedness is attributable to the apartments.
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before five years. There is a significant turnover of fees. Chapel Pointe charges a
resident a uniform monthly rental for both one and two bedroom apartments of $599,
which is substantially higher than the norm for a rental in the Carlisle area, which is
$350 per month for a one bedroom apartment, and $450 per month for a two bedroom
apartment. It also charges $130 for any second person that lives in an apartment. All
residents, including any who moves into an apartment after the initial residents take
occupancy, must meet all financial requirements for admission. This system gives
older people, at a considerable costs, a safe comfortable place to live, it provides
ancillary services for a charge, and residents get priority for transition into the assisted
living compound and/or nursing home if the unfortunate need arises. The system
provides a substantial amount of money for Chapel Pointe, and a steady source of
future occupants of its assisted living compound and nursing home.
Based on this record, and the analysis made by the Commonwealth Court in
Appeal of Lutheran Social Services and Appeal of The Bethlen Home of The
Hungarian Reformed Federation of America, Chapel Pointe has not proven by
credible evidence, under any standard, that it donates or renders gratuitously a
substantial portion of its services to the residents of its apartments. No assistance is
provided to any residents for the payment of their entrance fees. Very minimal
assistance is provided to a few residents by adjusting their monthly rental fees. Some
financially insignificant ancillary program benefits are provided for those residents who
choose to participate. The apartment operation helps fund Chapel Pointe's nursing
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01-5659 CIVIL TERM
home and assisted living compound. Chapel Pointe's convoluted effort to utilize the
criteria in its unified financial statement to convenience us, based on a cost per day per
resident analysis, that (1) the apartments operate as a loss, and (2) it renders
gratuitously a substantial portion of services for the apartment residents, is not
credible. Under Article 8 Section 2(a)(v) of the Pennsylvania Constitution, it is "only that
portion of real property of [an] institution which is actually and regularly used" for
"purely public charity," that is exempt from real property taxes. Thus, unlike the nursing
home and the assisted living compound, the apartments and the land they are on do
not quality for a statutory real estate tax exemption.
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this day of January, 2002, the petition of Alliance Home
of Carlisle, PA t/a Chapel Pointe, for an exemption from real estate taxes for its ninety-
three apartments at 770 South Hanover Street, Carlisle, Cumberland County, IS
DENIED.
By the Court,
Steven T. Hanford, Esquire
For Appellant
James D. Flower, Jr., Esquire
For Appellees
Edgar B. Bayley, J.
:saa
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