HomeMy WebLinkAbout2005-3844 Civil
ANNIE A. KROL-KNIGHT IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS OF
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA
v.
PEERLESS INSURANCE,
A member of LIBERTY
MUTUAL GROUP
NO. 2005 - 3844 CIVIL TERM
CIVIL ACTION - LAW
IN RE: DEFENDANT' S PRELIMINARY OBJECTIONS
BEFORE BAYLEY, P.L GUIDO, J.
OPINION AND ORDER OF COURT
Plaintiff has filed a two count amended complaint against her insurance company.
Count I is for breach of contract arising from the defendants alleged improper refusal to
pay first party medical benefits as required under the Pennsylvania Motor Vehicle
Financial Responsibility Law (MVFRL).l Count II is an action for bad faith under 42 Pa.
C.S.A. S 8371.
Defendant has filed preliminary objections in the nature of a demurrer to Count II.
It has also filed a demurrer "to the extent that the claims are based upon the alleged
impropriety of an insurer relying on a PRO physician's opinion that certain treatment was
not reasonable and necessary as a result of the accident."2
Standard of Review
The standard of review to be applied to preliminary obj ections in the nature of a
demurrer is well settled. It should be sustained only when plaintiff has pleaded no facts
sufficient to establish a right to relief. Bower v. Bower, 531 Pa. 54, 611 A.2d 181 (1992).
175 Pa. C.S.A. ~ 1711 et seq.
2 See Preliminary Objections to Plaintiff's Amended Complaint.
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"(A)ll material facts set forth in the complaint as well as all inferences reasonably
deducible therefrom are admitted as true. . .". Vosk v. Encompass, Ins. Co., 851 A.2d
162, 164 (Pa.Super 2004). Finally, "(w)here a doubt exists as to whether a demurrer
should be sustained, this doubt should be resolved in favor of overruling it" (citation
omitted). Price v. Brown, 545 Pa. 216, 221, 680 A.2d 1149, 1151 (1996).
Bad Faith
Count II of the amended complaint is an action for bad faith based upon 42 Pa.
C.S.A. S 8371. Plaintiff alleges, inter alia, that the defendant contracted with a PRO
physician in bad faith "to manufacture a basis upon which to seek to avoid (its)
contractual obligation to provide medical expense benefits to plaintiff.,,3 In McIntyre v.
State Farm Automobile Ins. Co., 47 Cumbo 206 (1998) the plaintiff alleged that
"Defendant's peer review was a sham, conducted for the sole purpose of intimidating
plaintiff' at 207. After a lengthy discussion we overruled defendant's demurrer to the
bad faith claim under 42 Pa. C.S.A. S 8371. Based upon McIntyre, which we find to be
factually indistinguishable, Defendant's demurrer to the bad faith claim in the instant
case will also be overruled.
PRO Physician's Opinion as to Causation
Plaintiff makes several allegations to the effect that defendant improperly
contracted with a PRO physician to determine whether the medical services rendered
were causally related to the automobile accident. She contends that this goes well
3 See Amended Complaint, paragraphs 34 (d) and 36.
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NO. 2005 - 3844 CIVIL TERM
beyond the authority granted under the MVFRL' s peer review plan.4 She has cited
several cases in support of her position that an insurer cannot use the peer review plan to
deny payment for services on the basis that they were not causally related to the accident.
On the other hand, defendant cites numerous cases to support its position that a causation
determination is within the perogative of a PRO physician. However, for one reason or
another, none of the cases cited by either party is binding upon this court. Having
reviewed the cases cited by the parties, we are persuaded by the reasoning of Judge Ford
Elliot in her dissent in Bodtke v. State Farm, 432 Pa.Super 31, 637 A.2d 648 (1994)
(reversed on other grounds 540 Pa. 540,659 A.2d 541 (Pa. 1995). As Judge Ford Elliot
stated:
I cannot agree "that [the PRO's determination that] certain injuries
treated were not related to the accident is simply another way of
stating that they were not medically necessary." Majority
memorandum at 3. Section 1797(b )(1) specifically provides that
the evaluation of a PRO "shall be for the purpose of confirming
that such treatment, products, services or accommodations
conform to the professional standards of performance and are
medically necessary." I do not equate either of these functions
with causation and coverage under an insurance policy. Whether
treatment is medically necessary for a specified injury is an
entirely different issue from whether that injury is causally
related to the accident and therefore covered under the
applicable policy of insurance.
659 A.2d at 650 (emphasis added). We adopt her reasoning and will overrule the
demurrer.
4 Section 1797 (b) (1) provides:
(b) Peer review plan for challenges to reasonableness and necessity of treatment.-
(1) Peer review plan.- Insurers shall contract jointly or separately with any
peer review organization established for the purpose of evaluating
treatment, health care services, products or accommodations provided to
any injured person. Such evaluation shall be for the purpose of confirming
that such treatment, products, services or accommodations conform to the
professional standards or performance and are medically necessary.
(emphasis added).
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NO. 2005 - 3844 CIVIL TERM
ORDER OF COURT
AND NOW, this 24TH day of MARCH, 2006, for the reasons stated in the
accompanying opinion the defendant's preliminary objections in the nature of a demurrer
are OVERRULED.
By the Court,
Isl Edward E. Guido
Edward E. Guido, J.
Jeffrey T. McGuire, Esquire
Peter J. Speaker, Esquire
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